Notre thèse aborde la question de la beauté dans les arts plastiques d'aujourd'hui. Celle-ci en effet ne va pas de soi, si l'on en croit notamment les multiples publications manifestant un rejet de l'art contemporain. Peut-on parler, actuellement, d'une esthétique de l'œuvre renvoyant à une science du beauté à une satisfaction d'ordre essentiellement intellectuel? Soit de beauté intrinsèque qui, comme dans l'art de la Renaissance, relève tant de l'harmonie et de la justesse de ses formes que de la légitimité de son contenu, grâce à la mise en évidence du bien-fondé de la mimêsis, de la perspective ou des motifs religieux ? Ou bien faut-il plutôt, pour pouvoir juger de la valeur esthétique de l'art contemporain, accorder une place de choix à la singularité de ses causes et effets, en opérant notamment un inévitable glissement vers une science du sensible ? Or notre parallélisme entre "esthétique de l'œuvre" et "continuité" dans l'histoire de l'art d'une part, puis "esthétique des effets" et éventuelle "rupture" d'autre part, nous a conduits à interroger d'abord ces éléments de rupture tels que le refus de la profondeur ou de la représentation figurative, mais aussi celui de la réalisation ouvragée et de la matière noble. Mais il nous a aussi amenés, malgré des conditions politiques ou techniques spécifiques de réalisation, à nous pencher sur une véritable poiêsis contemporaine. Car avec les œuvres plastiques de notre époque, il s'agit bien, toujours et incontestablement, d'art et même "d'épiphanie", dès lors que l'on s'en réfère à la vision ontologique et apologétique du philosophe François Dagognet / Our thesisconcerns the question of beauty in the contemporaries plastic arts. But this one does not without saying, if we consider the simple fact of the numerous publications concerning the rejection of contemporary art. May we speak, today, of a "work's esthetic" which refers to a "science of beauty" and to an essentially intellectual satisfaction? We mean an intrinsic beauty, like the one of the Renaissance's art, concerning as much the harmony as the exactness of the forms or the legitimacy of its contents. We mean an art which puts in a prominent position the mimêsis, the perspective's method or the religious motifs. Or would not it be better, in the intention to become able to judge of the esthetic value of contemporary art, to give a first place to the singularity of his causes and effects, at the same time we slide towards a "science of the sensibility" ? In fact, our parallelism between "work's esthetic" and "continuity", then between "effect's esthetic" and a possible "breaking" makes us think about reasons of this breaking, such as the refusal of profundity or as the figurative representation, as well asthe rejection of construction works or noble material. However, we have succeded to consider contemporary art as a real and new poiêsis, in spite of his specific political and technical ways of realisation. And we may assert that, today, undeniably, it is the matter of real art, and even of "epiphany", as soon as we refer to the ontological and laudatory point of view of the philosophe François Dagognet

The thesis deals with Autistic Spectrum Disorders in terms of their ethology and diagnostic criteria. The theoretical part further describes development of terminology of these disorders and historical concept of care of individuals with Autism. Included are also categories of disabilities and their symptoms. Another chapter discusses the specifics of self-help skills of children with Autism and characterizes motor development of preschool children with an emphasis on motor imitation, as one of the sub-kinetic abilities. The aim of the research work is to analyse the degree of influence of motor imitation on the development of self-help skills of children with Autism. It focuses on evaluation of the developmental level of the respondent's self-help skills and its development influenced by intensive imitation training. Determination of the actual developmental level allows easier orientation within self-help skills that can be practiced with the child. Their list is located in the attachments. Further research clarifies what techniques were the most successful during motor imitation training. KEYWORD Autism spectrum disorders, pervasive developmental disorder, triad of impairments, motor development, motor imitation, self-help skills.

How we approach a poem changes it. Recently, it has been suggested that one readerly approach - a bodily orientation characterised by distance, suspicion, and resistance - risks becoming reflexive, pre-conscious, and predominant. This use-oriented reading allows us to destabilise, denaturalise, dissect, defend, and define poetic texts through its manifestation in contemporary literary critique, yet it is coming to be regarded as the sole manner and mood of intelligent, intellectual engagement. In this thesis, I demonstrate the need to pluralise this attentive orientation, particularly when it comes to contemporary lyric poetry. I suggest how an overlooked mode of response might foster a more receptive mode of approach: the 'co-creative' response. Lyric poems mean to move us, and they come to mean by moving us. Recent 'simulation theories of language comprehension', from the field of cognitive neuroscience, provide empirical evidence that language processing is not a product of a-modal symbol manipulation but rather involves 'simulations' by certain classes of neurons in areas used for real-world action and perception. As habituation and abstraction increase, however, these embodied simulations 'streamline', becoming narrow schematic 'shadows' of once broad, qualitatively rich simulations. Poems, I suggest, seek to reverse this process by situationally novel variations of language, coming to mean in the broadly embodied sense in which real-world experiences 'mean'. Readers are asked to 'enact' the poem, to 'co-create' its meaning. Where critique traditionally requires that readers resist enactive participation in the aim of objective analysis, the co-creative response - a response 'in kind' by imitation, versioning, or hommage - asks readers to receive and carry forward the enactive unfolding of a poem with a composition of their own. I assert that, by thus responding with - rather than to - poems, we might foster an attentive stance of active receptivity, thereby coming to understand poems as the enactive phenomena they are.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:16:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ecila Lira de Lima Mabelini.pdf: 5818199 bytes, checksum: a0470532a545094ed7c2bea9c91b0a29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-17 / The research objectified to study in the infantile book contemporary as the classic narratives if they structuralize in a double sincretic expression verb-appearance for its presentation to the reading contemporary. The analysis corpus selected in the set of books of childhood literature, three workmanships: The Cinderela of the dolls, by Ruth Rocha, The problem of the Clóvis, by Eva Furnari and Flicts, by Ziraldo. With the perspective of boarding of the problem guided for the theorist study - methodological of the greimasiana semiotics, the analysis of the gerativo passage of direction, directed toward the examination of the types of sincretics relations was taken in account that constitute the plan of expression of these workmanships. As result the research showed the different mechanisms that can be apprehended in the sincretic organization of the uses of the chosen meaningful systems, verifying as the totality of direction it is constructed by the procedures of joint of the two significant systems. In this way, the observed procedures of sincretization in books show two ways of being: one where verbal and visual they are placed together; in relation, to mean the content and another one where, even so concomitant in one same page, verbal and visual, means separately. As hypothesis the graphical project of the selected workmanships was examined, taking it in terms of the manifest scienter of the citizen of the articulation that organizes the signification, estimated that he has been developed for A.C. of Oliveira. Subsidizing the act to test of the hypothesis it guides, one adopted the theoretical procedures of Jean-Marie Floch of that one and only articulation only conducts the plan of the sincretic expression. Finally, the research also considered as the sincretism of expression is determinative of imitation of projected child in the Brazilian infantile book. Understood the citizen of the articulation as a partnership between enunciator and in agreement enunciatee it has shown the semiotics developed around. the J. Greimas, the result of this research inferred, in the ways of sincretic joint, types of reader-child installed in the literal intrinsic and as these show to assimilate the sincretics mechanisms of the mediatics texts that form its partner-cultural context / A pesquisa objetivou estudar no livro infantil contemporâneo como as narrativas clássicas se estruturam numa dupla expressão sincrética verbo-visual para a sua apresentação ao leitor contemporâneo. O corpus de análise selecionou no conjunto de livros da literatura infantil, três obras: A cinderela das bonecas, de Ruth Rocha, O problema do Clóvis, de Eva Furnari e Flicts, de Ziraldo. Com a perspectiva de abordagem do problema orientada pelo aparato teórico-metodológico da semiótica greimasiana, levou-se em conta a análise do percurso gerativo de sentido, voltada para o exame dos tipos de relações sincréticas que constituem o plano de expressão dessas obras. Como resultado a pesquisa pontuou os diferentes mecanismos que podem ser apreendidos na organização sincrética dos usos dos sistemas expressivos escolhidos, verificando como a totalidade de sentido é construída pelos procedimentos de articulação dos dois sistemas significantes. Dessa maneira, os procedimentos de sincretização observados nos livros pontuam dois modos de ser: um em que verbal e visual são colocados juntos; em relação, para significar o conteúdo e outro em que, embora concomitantes numa mesma página, verbal e visual, significam separadamente. Como hipótese o projeto gráfico das obras selecionadas foi examinado, tomando-o em termos da intencionalidade manifesta do sujeito da enunciação que organiza a significação, pressuposto que tem sido desenvolvido por A. C. de Oliveira. Subsidiando a testagem da hipótese guia, adotou-se os procedimentos teóricos de Jean-Marie Floch de que uma só e única enunciação rege o plano da expressão sincrética. Por fim, a pesquisa considerou também como o sincretismo de expressão é determinante do simulacro de criança projetado no livro infantil brasileiro,. Entendido o sujeito da enunciação como uma parceria entre enunciador e enunciatário conforme tem mostrado a semiótica desenvolvida em torno de A. J. Greimas, o resultado dessa pesquisa depreendeu, nos modos de articulação sincrética, tipos de leitor-criança instalados na imanência textual e como esses mostram assimilar os mecanismos sincréticos dos textos midiáticos que formam o seu contexto sócio-cultural

This thesis investigates the deregulation of the audit industry in Sweden, the changing competitive environment and innovativeness, a research gap that has not yet been bridged. This paper raises the question of how the innovativeness of firms within the audit industry have changed after deregulation. The ambition of this research is to have both theoretical and practical knowledge contribution. The theoretical framework constructed for this research is rooted in the literature review of three areas: strategy and competition, deregulation, and organizational innovativeness. These three streams of research are used in order to examine the expectations that the industry has on the changing strategic landscape. Four perspectives and schools of thought in strategy and competition literature are reviewed: the competitive forces, strategic conflict school, resource-based school, and dynamic school. These schools are then put into two categories that are substantial opposites of one another; market power and efficiency. The need to consider these perspectives are addressed as follows: the perspective of competitive forces allows for understanding the industry structure, the strategic conflict school – to analyze the moves and interactions between competitors, the resource-based school – to understand firms resources, and finally, the dynamic school – to understand firms processes and capabilities. Summarizing and integrating these perspectives formed a hypothesized understanding that reflected the effects of deregulation and organizational innovativeness. In order to avoid modest pattern of deregulatory effects that could emerge by observations made in the early stage of deregulation, a methodological point of departure that is socially constructed and the production of knowledge that is based on interpretations and narratives were argued for. The research is furthermore based on a mix of deductive and inductive approach. The discussion with an industry member led to an interesting research context chosen as unit of analysis, which included the emerging tension between auditors and accounting-consultants. While the auditors’ believed in negative effects from the deregulation, the accounting-consultants had the opposite perception. Case-study approach with semi-structured and open-ended interviews were conducted on representatives from six firms, half of which represented the auditors and the rest the accounting-consultants.  The presentation of results followed the structure of market power, efficiency, and organizational innovativeness. The analysis of the results shows how firms within the audit industry had changed during the transition towards post-deregulation era. It shows how the previous construction of the audit-industry, characterized by homogeneity, has been decomposed and transformed to become more heterogeneous, by the new attractions and alternatives that now exist on the market. These attractions and alternatives creates incitement for decreased interaction between competitors that causes firms to engage in conflicts, and to redistribute their resources in order to imitate each others processes, which in turn creates new organizational innovativeness. The findings of this research also shows how the resources that were possessed by the firm before the deregulation tend to determine how the firm utilize the innovativeness in relation to the market after the deregulation.

This thesis explores the applications of a drama-based intervention program for very young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their parents. Drama-based pedagogy and practice is merged with behavioral principles from the world of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) to create an interdisciplinary program tailored specifically for the unique learning needs of children with ASD. This document offers a comprehensive overview of the history of diagnosis and treatment of ASD and the many factors that can influence relationships between children with ASD and their parents. A drama-based intervention program was designed specifically to address the communication and social skill deficits in children with ASD. In addition, the drama-based intervention program encouraged parents to use responsive teaching strategies to enhance and extend creative play with their child. The document concludes with recommendations for essential components of a drama-based intervention program for very young children with ASD and their parents. / text

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Le choix de partenaire est souvent considéré comme étant le résultat d’une simple interaction, mais, en nature, l’environnement social dans lequel les animaux communiquent correspond généralement à un réseau d’émetteurs et de récepteurs. La présence de congénères, de rivaux, et même de prédateurs durant le choix de partenaire peut avoir plusieurs répercussions sur ce choix. Être observé par une audience composée de congénères de même sexe peut pousser certaines espèces à modifier le niveau d’expression de leurs préférences, et même à modifier ces préférences pour réduire la compétition ou éviter d’être imitées. La préférence de plusieurs femelles diamant mandarin pour deux mâles a été mesurée en absence et en présence d’une audience femelle pour déterminer si la présence de rivales a des effets sur le choix de partenaire des femelles. De plus, afin de déterminer si ces effets varient en fonction de la qualité des femelles focales et audience, la condition de plusieurs femelles a été altérée en diminuant leur capacité à voler. Selon les résultats, les femelles diminuent leur niveau de sélectivité suite à l’ajout d’une audience femelle, et l’intensité des interactions mâle-femelle dépend de la condition des femelles focales. Les femelles ajustent leur comportement surtout pour éviter d’être imitées et non en fonction de leur condition. Cependant, ces deux mécanismes peuvent affecter les femelles simultanément. / Mate choice is often considered as the result of a simple interaction, but, in the wild, the social environment in which animals communicate generally corresponds to a network of several signallers and receivers. The presence of conspecifics, rivals, and even predators during mate choice can have many repercussions on that choice. Being observed by an audience of same-sex conspecifics can drive some species to alter the level of expression of their preferences, and even to modify those preferences to reduce competition or avoid being copied. The preference of several zebra finch females for two males was measured without and with a female audience to determine if the presence of an audience alters female mate choice. Moreover, to determine if these effects vary according to focal and audience females’ condition, the condition of several females was altered by diminishing their flying ability. According to the results, females lower their level of selectivity following the addition of an audience, and the intensity of male-female interactions depends on the focal females’ condition. Our findings suggest that females mainly adjust their behavior to avoid being copied and not according to their condition. However, these two mechanisms might have affected the females’ mating preferences simultaneously.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal