意大利和台灣都有著典型的成熟經濟體的問題：人口老齡化，低生育率和長期勞工短缺，而這一切結合起來，便促使外籍勞工輸入到這個系統中。目前的研究是試圖找出台灣與義大利，兩個大規模移民 移入國，如何應證了這一新現象，透過分析它們各自的移民政策型態，發現交集和差異可以歸因於不同的經濟，政治和社會情況。 這項工作被劃分成數個章節，從一般到特殊。第一，解釋的目的和方法;第二，一個文學評論;第三和第四，分析意大利和台灣的情況;而最後兩章進行比較並得出結論。採用的方法是內容分析和歷史背景，利用定量和定性數據：前者是從初級和次級來源提取，從非結構化的與移民社區和移民機關面談。從這個研究的結果，很明顯，這兩個國家在他們各自的社會和經濟結構的變化都有不同的反應：緊急立法是比較典型的意大利決策，而規劃則是台灣的特徵。在這兩種情況下，國際政治都在影響政策的形成扮演了重要的角色：義大利作為一個已建立的超國家的一部分，歐盟，在立法上允許更多的授權;同時台灣在外交孤立與不安的兩岸關係上，則不得不更謹慎的規劃。 / Italy and Taiwan share common problems typical of mature economies: an aging population, a low fertility rate and a chronic labour shortage, which all combined have prompted the importation of foreign workers into their systems. The present research is an attempt to find out how the two countries – both latecomers in mass immigration – have coped with this new phenomenon, by analysing their respective immigration policy formations to uncover confluences and disparities that can be attributed to different economic, political and social circumstances. The work is divided in chapters that elaborate from the general to the particular. The first one explains purpose and methodology; the second one is a literary review; the third and fourth ones analyse the cases of Italy and Taiwan; and the final two chapters make comparisons and draw conclusions. The methods adopted are content analysis and historical background, making use of quantitative and qualitative data: the former are extracted from primary and secondary sources, the latter from unstructured interviews with migrant communities and authorities. From the results of this research, it is apparent that the two countries have responded differently to their respective social and economic structural changes: emergency legislation was more typical of the Italian policy-making, while planning characterised the Taiwanese attitude. In both cases international politics has played a major role in shaping policy formation: being part of an established supra-national formation such the EU allowed for more deferring and delegating in legislation; while being diplomatically isolated with a troubled cross-strait relationship compelled to a more cautious programming.

Avec le dénouement de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, le problème des réfugiés en Europe devient un enjeu international. Plusieurs millions de personnes, que l’on nomme les Displaced Persons (DP), sont sans refuge et doivent recevoir une aide immédiate pour survivre. Même si la majorité de ces gens retourneront dans leurs pays d’origine, il reste encore des centaines de milliers de réfugiés en 1948. La seule solution concrète pour régler cette problématique est l’émigration des réfugiés dans des pays prêts à les accepter. Les Américains jouent un rôle crucial en acceptant 415 000 DP entre 1948 et 1952 grâce au Displaced Persons Act de 1948 et ses amendements en 1950 et 1951. Après d’âpres discussions entre les restrictionnistes et ceux qui défendent la libéralisation des lois d’immigration, naîtra le Displaced Persons Act (DP Act) signé avec beaucoup de réticence, le 25 juin 1948, par le président Harry S. Truman. Cette loi qui prévoit la venue de 202 000 DP en deux ans, contient des mesures jugées discriminatoires à l'endroit de certaines ethnies. Afin d'améliorer le DP Act, le Congrès effectue des recherches sur la situation des réfugiés toujours dans les camps en 1949 tout en étudiant l’impact de la venue des DP aux États-Unis entre 1948 et 1950. Cette étude est soumise sous forme de rapport, le Displaced Persons and Their Resettlement in the United States, le 20 janvier 1950. Ce mémoire propose une analyse minutieuse du rapport et de son contexte politique afin de démontrer le rôle important de cette étude dans le processus décisionnel du Congrès américain visant à accueillir un plus grand nombre de DP tout en posant les bases pour une politique d’accueil en matière de refugiés. / With the ending of the Second World War, the refugee problem became an international issue. Several million people, which are called the Displaced Persons (DPs), are without shelter and should receive immediate help to survive. Although the majority of DPs will return to their home country, there are still hundreds of thousands of refugees in 1948. The only practical solution to solve this problem is the migration of refugees out of Europe. The Americans have played a crucial role by agreeing to receive 415,000 DP between 1948 and 1952 through the Displaced Persons Act (DP Act) of 1948 and its amendments in 1950 and 1951. After heated discussions between the restrictionnists and those who advocate the liberalization of immigration laws, the Displaced Persons Act was voted with great reluctance and signed, June 25, 1948, by President Harry S. Truman. This law provides for the arrival of 202,000 DPs in two years, but it contains measures deemed discriminatory to certain ethnic groups. In order to improve the DP Act, Congress conducted research on the situation of refugees still in camps in 1949 while studying the impact of the DPs arrival in the United States from 1948 to 1950. This study was submitted as a report, the Displaced Persons and Their Resettlement in the United States, January 20th, 1950. This thesis proposes a thorough analysis of this report to demonstrate how the study helped the decision-making process of the U.S. Congress that led to the acceptance of a larger number of DP’s while also laying the basis for a settlement policy with regard to refugees.

La Pologne, pendant des décennies pays d’émigration, accueille depuis une dizaine d’années de plus en plus d’immigrants et se transforme en pays d’immigration. D’un côté, elle semble avoir besoin de main d’œuvre, de l’autre elle se refuse d’adopter des politiques migratoires régissant le statut des migrants temporaires et des immigrants permanents. Pourtant, afin de répondre aux défis économiques, sociopolitiques et identitaires posés par des flux migratoires stimulés par la mondialisation, les aspirations économiques et les crises humanitaires, la plupart de ses voisins à l’ouest développent des systèmes migratoires. Nous constatons que malgré l’occurrence de problèmes similaires liés aux migrations en Europe de l’Est, à ce jour seule la République tchèque s’est prévalue d’un système migratoire, y compris d’un programme d’intégration des immigrants permanents. Qu’est-ce qui freine la Pologne de se prévaloir de mécanismes permettant de faire face à l’afflux grandissant des immigrants? Pour comprendre la question nous comparons la Pologne à la République tchèque - deux pays similaires dont le résultat en matière des systèmes migratoires diffère. La littérature met de l’avant trois facteurs explicatifs de l’adoption ou pas des systèmes migratoires par les États: les besoins économiques, sociopolitiques et les questions identitaires. Nous analysons ces trois éléments dans les deux cas choisis et posons comme hypothèse que c’est le facteur de l’identité nationale qui ralenti le développement du système migratoire en Pologne. En effet, notre recherche démontre que les facteurs économiques et sociopolitiques sont similaires en République tchèque et en Pologne, alors que le facteur identitaire marque la différence. Bien que la Pologne soit entrée dans l’UE et que son essor économique progresse depuis les vingt dernières années, il semble que l’identité nationale et le projet politique de préserver un État-nation soient des obstacles au développement d’un système migratoire ouvert à l’accueil des immigrants permanents. L’importance du facteur identitaire pour les politiques migratoires est montrée à travers l’analyse de la littérature, des sondages d’opinion publique et des sténogrammes parlementaires, ainsi que de quatre entrevues semi-structurées que nous avons menées avec des représentants du gouvernement polonais et des organismes non gouvernementaux. / As an emigration country for decades, Poland has been receiving more and more immigrants during the past ten years and is transforming into a country of immigration. On the one hand, it seems that the country needs labour migration; on the other hand it refuses to adopt migration policies regulating the status of temporary migrants and permanent immigrants. However, most of its western neighbours have developed migration systems in order to meet the economic, social, political and identity challenges resulting from globalized migration movements, economic aspirations and humanitarian crises. We note that despite the occurrence of similar problems related to migration in Eastern Europe, so far only the Czech Republic has adopted a genuine migration system, including an integration programme for permanent immigrants. What prevents Poland from adopting formal measures to cope with the growing influx of immigrants? To understand this situation we compare Poland to the Czech Republic - two similar countries with different positions towards migration systems. The academic literature puts forward three factors explaining the adoption (or not) of migration systems by States: economic, socio-political and identity. We analyze these three elements in the two selected cases and hypothesize that it is the factor of national identity which slowed the development of a migration system in Poland. Indeed, our research shows that the economic and socio-political factors are similar in both the Czech Republic and Poland, while the identity factor marks the difference. Although Poland has joined the EU and has enjoyed economic progress over the past twenty years, it seems that national identity and the political project of preserving the nation-state are obstacles to the development of an open migration system focused on the reception of permanent immigrants. The importance of the identity factor for migration policies is shown through analysis of the academic literature, surveys of public opinion and parliamentary transcripts, as well as four semi-structured interviews that we conducted with representatives of the Polish government and non-governmental organizations.

O Brasil possui uma Política Migratória? Caso possua uma política, ou mesmo que a resposta estatal ao fenômeno migratório seja fragmentada, quais são os parâmetros que a orientam? As respostas a essas perguntas constituem o objeto final deste estudo. Respondê-las satisfatoriamente pressupõe a compreensão do que é uma política migratória e quais são as suas finalidades. Assim, o primeiro capítulo deste trabalho destina-se a investigar o que é uma Política Migratória e, para tanto, encontra-se divido em duas seções. Na primeira, é realizada uma abordagem teórica sobre o conceito de Política Migratória, em que diversas perspectivas sobre o tema serão analisadas. Na segunda seção, são compilados alguns estudos de casos em que autores trataram de analisar a Política Migratória de determinados países. O objetivo dessa investigação é identificar o que foi considerado \"Política Migratória\" para cada um desses autores ao realizarem seus estudos. Dessa forma, ao final do primeiro capítulo, e a partir da confrontação das teorias propostas com as análises empíricas observadas, será apresentada uma crítica sobre o que se considera uma \"Política Migratória\" e serão definidos os parâmetros para a análise da Política Migratória brasileira. O segundo capítulo deste trabalho consiste precisamente na análise da Política Migratória brasileira, norteada e delimitada pelos critérios discutidos no capítulo anterior. Sua primeira seção é dedicada à análise dos estudos produzidos sobre a Política Migratória brasileira. Em seguida, serão identificados os textos normativos que a definem. Assim, pretende-se responder ao final deste trabalho qual é a Política Migratória brasileira, como se manifesta e quais são os seus objetivos, a fim de discernir quais são os seus limites e desafios. / Brazil has a migration policy? If it has a policy, or even if the state\'s response to the migration phenomenon is fragmented, what are the parameters that it follows? To answer these questions are the final object of this study and do it satisfactorily presupposes an understanding of what a migration policy is and what are their purposes. Thus, the first chapter of this work is intended to investigate what a migration policy is and, therefore, it is divided into two sections. In the first, a theoretical approach is performed on the concept of migration policy, in which diverse perspectives on the topic will be analyzed. The second section is compiled case studies in which the authors tried to analyze the migration policy of certain countries. The goal of this research is to identify what was considered \"Migration Policy\" for each of these authors on conducting their studies. Thus, at the end of the first chapter, and from the confrontation of the proposed theories with empirical analyzes observed, will be presented a critique of what is considered a \"Migration Policy\" and will be defined the parameters for the analysis of Brazilian migration policy. The second chapter of this work consists precisely in the analysis of Brazilian migration policy, guided and defined by the criteria discussed in the previous chapter. Its first section is devoted to the analysis of academic studies on the Brazilian migration policy. Then will be identified the normative texts that defines it. Thus, at the end of this work will be answered what is the Brazilian migration policy and what are your goals in order to discern what are its limitations and its challenges.

O Brasil possui uma Política Migratória? Caso possua uma política, ou mesmo que a resposta estatal ao fenômeno migratório seja fragmentada, quais são os parâmetros que a orientam? As respostas a essas perguntas constituem o objeto final deste estudo. Respondê-las satisfatoriamente pressupõe a compreensão do que é uma política migratória e quais são as suas finalidades. Assim, o primeiro capítulo deste trabalho destina-se a investigar o que é uma Política Migratória e, para tanto, encontra-se divido em duas seções. Na primeira, é realizada uma abordagem teórica sobre o conceito de Política Migratória, em que diversas perspectivas sobre o tema serão analisadas. Na segunda seção, são compilados alguns estudos de casos em que autores trataram de analisar a Política Migratória de determinados países. O objetivo dessa investigação é identificar o que foi considerado \"Política Migratória\" para cada um desses autores ao realizarem seus estudos. Dessa forma, ao final do primeiro capítulo, e a partir da confrontação das teorias propostas com as análises empíricas observadas, será apresentada uma crítica sobre o que se considera uma \"Política Migratória\" e serão definidos os parâmetros para a análise da Política Migratória brasileira. O segundo capítulo deste trabalho consiste precisamente na análise da Política Migratória brasileira, norteada e delimitada pelos critérios discutidos no capítulo anterior. Sua primeira seção é dedicada à análise dos estudos produzidos sobre a Política Migratória brasileira. Em seguida, serão identificados os textos normativos que a definem. Assim, pretende-se responder ao final deste trabalho qual é a Política Migratória brasileira, como se manifesta e quais são os seus objetivos, a fim de discernir quais são os seus limites e desafios. / Brazil has a migration policy? If it has a policy, or even if the state\'s response to the migration phenomenon is fragmented, what are the parameters that it follows? To answer these questions are the final object of this study and do it satisfactorily presupposes an understanding of what a migration policy is and what are their purposes. Thus, the first chapter of this work is intended to investigate what a migration policy is and, therefore, it is divided into two sections. In the first, a theoretical approach is performed on the concept of migration policy, in which diverse perspectives on the topic will be analyzed. The second section is compiled case studies in which the authors tried to analyze the migration policy of certain countries. The goal of this research is to identify what was considered \"Migration Policy\" for each of these authors on conducting their studies. Thus, at the end of the first chapter, and from the confrontation of the proposed theories with empirical analyzes observed, will be presented a critique of what is considered a \"Migration Policy\" and will be defined the parameters for the analysis of Brazilian migration policy. The second chapter of this work consists precisely in the analysis of Brazilian migration policy, guided and defined by the criteria discussed in the previous chapter. Its first section is devoted to the analysis of academic studies on the Brazilian migration policy. Then will be identified the normative texts that defines it. Thus, at the end of this work will be answered what is the Brazilian migration policy and what are your goals in order to discern what are its limitations and its challenges.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Katia Cristina Petri.pdf: 1199355 bytes, checksum: 25e61b6271a78f1de2adf44d1e344a7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-21 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / I propose a reflection on the question of work in coffee plantations in São Paulo and how the discussions, which have sought alternantives for the rural labor with the end of slavery, were conducted. We can not say that immigration was a consensus among the farmers, by contrast, throughout the period that it was present, immigration was the target of criticism from different parts of society. The time clipping has, in Immigration Promoted Society, a mounting of the whole apparatus around the arrival of immigrants, through the correspondence sent by their relatives and friends. is in chronological Society Promoting Immigration This aspect is what makes difference between the immigrant project from the other ones which were set previously, or even in the period of its operation, that is, even being the link of the significant immigrant influx, Promoter is going to take as prerogative an indication to immigrate. Only listed families, that were under the auspices of the project, therefore, is a grant program for immigration, only through it is that the subsidy was paid, both for those who immigrated under his responsibility, as the spontaneous who requesting reimbursement or even those who traveled with the encouragement of the general government / Proponho uma reflexão sobre a questão do trabalho na lavoura cafeeira paulista e como foram conduzidos os debates que buscavam alternativas para o trabalho rural com fim da escravidão. Não podemos afirmar que a imigração foi um consenso entre os produtores rurais, pelo contrário, durante todo o período que esteve presente foi alvo de críticas de diferentes setores da sociedade. O recorte cronológico tem na Sociedade Promotora de Imigração a montagem de todo aparato em torno da vinda dos imigrantes, através das correspondencias enviadas pelos seus parentes e amigos. Esse aspecto é o que diferencia seu projeto imigrantista dos que foram estabelecidos anteriormente ou, até, no período de seu funcionamento, ou seja, mesmo sendo o elo da significativa corrente imigratória a Promotora vai adotar como prerrogativa a indicação para imigrar. Somente famílias, indicadas, é que estavam sob a tutela do projeto, portanto, é um programa de subvenção para a imigração, somente por meio dela é que o subsídio era pago, tanto para aqueles que imigravam sob sua responsabilidade, como os espontâneos que solicitavam reembolso ou mesmo aqueles que viajavam com o incentivo do governo geral

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcus Vinicius Fraga.pdf: 2197664 bytes, checksum: f6f1dfc1a96e46f3213464da1a4a1583 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work presents the migration of Brazilians to Quebec. By studying the immigration in Quebec under the context of Canadian asymmetrical federalism, we seek to understand what gave rise to the immigration policy of the French-Canadian province. We aim to have the theoretical support needed to understand the reasons why middle-class Brazilians are attracted to Quebec. After applying socioeconomical questionnaires and qualitative interviews, we believe that social reasons a poor quality of public services, urban violence, and doughts about the Brazilian political system have developed this flow / Esta dissertação apresenta o fluxo migratório de brasileiros para Quebec. Através do estudo da política de imigração de Quebec no contexto do modelo canadense de federalismo assimétrico, buscamos entender o que deu ensejo à política de imigração da província francocanadense. Objetivamos, com isso, ter o respaldo teórico necessário para compreender os motivos que levam brasileiros de classe média a serem atraídos para Quebec. Após a aplicação de questionários socioeconômicos e de entrevistas qualitativas, acreditamos que razões sociais a precária oferta de serviços públicos, a violência urbana, e a descrença da população no sistema político nacional são fomentadores desse fluxo

Dissertation deals with the problem of polyethnisation of Western European nation states, which is defined as the increasing cultural and ethnic diversity as a result of increasing immigration. This development poses a challenge for cohesion and continuity of the historical nation states, as well as for the stability of the current system of international relations. The dissertation deals with analyzing the specific responses of three countries - France, Germany and Great Britain - in a comparative perspective. Theoretical background represents allochthonous theory of ethnic minorities. The author explores different aspects of immigration policy (economic immigration, asylum, family immigration, illegal immigration) and integration policy (especially the granting of citizenship - by birth or naturalization - and civic integration policy). The results are placed within the theoretical scheme, working with 4 model approaches - exclusionism, segregationism, assimilationism and multiculturalism. The dissertation also gives the answer to the prospect of European integration and to question of the future of nation states in Europe.

The objective of the diploma thesis is to explore how the EU Actorness concept applies on the convergence of immigration and integration policies in a specific aspect -- the status of third country nationals who are long-term residents in selected member states (France, Sweden and the Czech Republic), their rights and the conditions they must fulfil to acquire long-term residence permits and citizenship in the host country. We examine how we see the EU as an actor in the field of those policies. We assume that the EU will not be successful in areas that are closely tied to national identity and state sovereignty. On the contrary, we anticipate that the EU influence will manifest itself in a unification of the status, rights and duties of long-term immigrants from third countries. This diploma thesis mainly examines the impact of non-obligatory EU regulations on the internal practice of the chosen member states, and their reflection in national conceptions, strategies and legislation.

This Diploma Thesis aims to analyze the economic situation of the immigrants to Canada and evaluate the success of their integration to the Canadian labour market and society. The current immigration policy is based on the undiscriminatory point system by which Canada tends to maximalize the incoming human capital. The Diploma Thesis is divided into three parts, the first one tries to define the basic concepts and terms of the topic, the second one illustrates the historical development of the immigration policy and the last chapter examines the barriers and problems the new immigrants are facing to. The previous analysis should confirm or disprove the following hypothesis: the maximalization of the human capital is not optimal for the longterm goals of the immigration policy, mostly because of the barriers that the immigrants are facing to. They often do the job for which they are overqualified, therefore the waste of the human capital occurs and the immigrants are not able to integrate properly to the labour market. Forthcoming attitude towards the recognition of the foreign credentials, the accelaration of the administrative procedures and the willingness to provide more information to the potential immigrants prior their arrival to Canada, might bring an improvement to the integration process.