Viklund, J. & Älgamo, D. (2011). Fysisk aktivitet och idrott för vuxna individer i Västerbottens län – möjligheter och utmaningar för en framtida aktivitetskatalog. (Physical activity and sports for adults in the county of Västerbotten – opportunities and challenges for a future activity directory). Bachelor Essay in Swedish. Umeå: Umeå university, Department of Education. Abstract This paper originates from the need to organize all physical activities in the county of Västerbotten. In collaboration with the sports association of Västerbotten a future project will later be made to gather all these activities in one place. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze different sports clubs in the county of Västerbotten and their range of activities. Further, the purpose was also to assess the need of the sports clubs to develop the accessibility of their activities for adults in the county. The future aim of this study is that the results will compose a foundation for an activity directory which will increase the accessibility of different sports clubs and facilitate for individuals who practise some sort of exercise. Because of the limited research on this area, this study could be of interest for individuals, associations as well as for future research. To get the results interviews were carried out with nine different sports clubs and companies. The interviewees all had managing roles and good insights within their respective company. The respondents were asked about their opinions regarding the need of an activity directory and its possible benefits and disadvantages. The results show an interest for the directory from the majority of the respondents and that one of the primary benefits is that it provides marketing for the sports clubs and companies who choose to participate. One disadvantage with the activity directory could be that people with limited access to the Internet will be excluded, but as long as the marketing is good and the design is simple and well structured, the activity directory may have good future prospects.

The declining cost of photovoltaic (PV) modules has enabled the vision of ubiquitous photovoltaic (PV) power to become feasible. Emerging PV technologies are facilitating the creation of intentionally non-flat PV modules, which create new applications for this sustainable energy generation currently not possible with the traditional rigid, flat silicon-glass modules. However, since the photovoltaic cells are no longer coplanar, there are significant new requirements for the power electronics necessary to convert the native form of electricity into a usable form and ensure maximum energy harvest. Non-uniform insolation from cell-to-cell gives rise to non-uniform current density in the PV material, which limits the ability to create series-connected cells without bypass diode or other ways to shunt current, which is well known in the maximum power tracking literature. This thesis presents a modeling approach to determine and quantify the variations in generation of energy due to intentionally non-flat PV geometries. This will enable the power electronics circuitry to be optimized to harvest maximum energy from PV pixel elements – clusters of PV cells with similar operating characteristics. This thesis systematically compares different geometries with identical two-dimensional projection "footprints" for energy harvest throughout the day. The results show that for the same footprint, a semi-cylindrical surface harvests more energy over a typical day than a flat plate. The modeling approach is then extended to demonstrate that by using non flat geometries for PV panel, the availability of a remotely located stand-alone power system can be increased when compared to a flat panel of same footprint. These results have broad application to a variety of energy scavenging scenarios in which either total energy harvested needs to be maximized or unusual geometries for the PV active surfaces are required, including building-integrated PV. This thesis develops the analysis of the potential energy harvest gain for advanced non-planar PV collectors as a necessary first step towards the design of the power electronics circuits and control algorithms to take advantage of the new opportunities of conformal and non-flat PV collectors.

No description available.

La santé est un risque. La raison d’être de l’assurance est de couvrir les individus contre les aléas de la vie. Pourtant, la nature économique de cette opération a conduit les assureurs à écarter de leur mutualité, de manière croissante, les plus hauts risques de survenance d’un sinistre. Cette pratique appelée la segmentation est parfaitement autorisée. L’assureur peut, au moment de la discussion précontractuelle, procéder à une évaluation du risque par des investigations sur la situation personnelle et intime du candidat à l’assurance. Plusieurs constats sont faits. Le fait justificatif de discrimination n’est plus précis. Les techniques de collecte de l’information s’émancipent d’un encadrement légal sécurisé. L’existence d’un risque aggravé a des conséquences déraisonnables sur le contrat d’assurance. En France, plus de 2,7 millions de personnes présentent, au sens des assureurs, un risque aggravé du fait de leur état de santé. Il s’agit aussi bien de personnes diabétiques, atteintes de la maladie de parkinson ou ayant développé une pathologie cancéreuse. Pour eux l’accès à l’assurance rime avec le refus, les exclusions ou les surprimes. Ce phénomène concourt à une véritable injustice sociale, particulièrement lorsque le contrat d’assurance conditionne l’octroi d’un crédit immobilier. Pour cette raison, et sous les pressions associatives, des mesures ont été prises visant à limiter l’intrusion de l’assureur dans la vie privée du preneur d’assurance et parallèlement à renforcer les obligations d’information, de conseil ou de mise en garde du professionnel préalablement à la souscription du contrat / Health is a risk. The main purpose of insurance is to cover individuals against life’s uncertainties. However, because of the economic nature of this activity, insurers discard more and more the highest risks from their mutuality. This practice, named segmentation, is perfectly allowed. The insurer may, at the time of precontractual discussions, carry out a risk assessment by investigating the personal and intimate situation of the applicant. Several observations can be made. Evidence of discrimination is no longer precise. The techniques for information gathering emancipate themselves from a secure legal framework. The existence of an increased risk has unreasonable consequences on the insurance contract. In France, more than 2.7 million people are, in the sense of insurers, increased risks profiles due to their health status. Those are people living with diabetes, Parkinson's disease or other cancerous pathologies. For them, access to insurance rhymes with refusal, exclusion or additional premia. This phenomenon contributes to a real social injustice, especially when the insurance contract is necessary to be granted a mortgage. For this reason, and under pressures from associations, some measures have been implemented to limit the intrusion of the insurer into the policyholder’s privacy; and in parallel, to strengthen the obligations lying on the professionals to provide information, advice and warning, prior to any contract subscription

Doctor of Philosophy / Genetics - Plant Pathology / Jesse A. Poland / The global population is estimated to reach 9.1 billion by 2050. Together with climate change, insuring food security for this population presents a significant challenge to agriculture. In this context, a large number of breeding objectives must be targeted. The focus of the work presented here is to explore genomic approaches for tapping exotic germplasm for valuable alleles to increased yield, disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance. The loss of genetic diversity in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to bottlenecks during polyploidization, domestication and modern plant breeding can be compensated by introgressing novel exotic germplasm. Here, the potential of genomic selection (GS) for rapid introgression of synthetic derived wheat is evaluated in field trials. Overall, the GS models had moderate predictive ability. However, prediction accuracies were lower than expected likely due to complex and confounding physiological effects. As such, implementation of rapid cycle GS for introgression of exotic alleles is possible but might not perform very well with synthetic derived wheat. Disease resistance is another important trait affecting grain yield. Stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) has historically caused severe yield loss of wheat worldwide. In a quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping study with a synthetic-derived mapping population, QTLs for resistance to stem rust races TRTTF and QTHJC were identified on chromosomes 1AS, 2BS, 6AS and 6AL. Some of these genes could be new resistance genes and useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS). In addition to food insecurity through lack of sufficient source of calories, nutrient deficiency is considered the ‘hidden hunger’ and can lead to serious disorders in humans. Through biofortification, essential nutrients are increased in staple crops for improved quality of food and human health. A high-throughput elemental profiling experiment was performed with the same synthetic derived mapping population to study the wheat ionome. Twenty-seven QTL for different elements in wheat shoots and two QTL in roots were identified. Four “hotspots” for nutrient accumulation in the shoots were located on chromosomes 5AL, 5BL, 6DL and 7AL. Overall, exotic germplasm is a valuable source of favorable alleles, but improved breeding methodologies are needed to rapidly utilize this diversity.

Orientador: Maurício Dutra Zanotto / Banca: Mirian Luiza Myczkowski / Banca: Flávio Rielli Mazetto / Banca: José Geraldo Carvalho do Amaral / Resumo: A mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.) é uma planta oleaginosa de alto valor econômico. O óleo extraído de suas sementes é um dos mais versáteis encontrado na natureza; apresenta inúmeras aplicações em diversas áreas, podendo substituir de forma satisfatória o uso do petróleo em muitos produtos. Atualmente existe um grande interesse em aumentar a produtividade da planta mediante o aumento do número de flores femininas (pistiladas) que, conseqüentemente, aumentará o número de frutos e de sementes. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi através do método de melhoramento denominado seleção massal, selecionar e avaliar plantas de mamoneira da população FCA-UNESP-PB (porte baixo) para aumento da freqüência de flores femininas visando maior produtividade final. A seleção (ciclo de seleção) foi feita no ano de 2007 na fazenda Experimental Lageado e avaliada (ciclo de avaliação) em 2008 nas Fazendas Experimentais Lageado e São Manuel, ambas pertencentes à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP - campus Botucatu e localizadas, respectivamente, nos municípios de Botucatu - SP e São Manuel - SP. O critério de seleção foram plantas que apresentaram 100% de flores femininas no racemo primário. As plantas com esse fenótipo que sofreram reversão sexual durante o ciclo de desenvolvimento, tiveram seus racemos autofecundados assim que passaram a produzir flores masculinas (estaminadas). Para o ciclo de avaliação foram colhidas sementes do racemo primário das plantas selecionadas com 100% de flores femininas - tratamento 1 (aberto);sementes dos racemos autofecundados dessas plantas inicialmente 100% femininas - tratamento 2 (autofecundado) e sementes colhidas ao acaso que serviram de controle - tratamento 3 (controle). Ao final do ciclo de avaliação pôde ser observado que houve aumento significativo a 1% de probabilidade... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is a high economic value oil crop. The oil extracted from its seeds is one of the most versatile found in nature, has many applications in different areas and it can satisfactorily replace the use of petroleum in many products. Currently there is great interest in increasing the grain yield of the plant by increasing the number of female flowers (pistillate) that, consequently, increase the number of fruit and seeds. The objective of this research was through the method called for mass selection, select and evaluates castor bean plants of the population FCA-UNESP-PB (dwarf height) to increase the frequency of female flowers aimed at increasing grain yield. The selection (selection cycle) was conducted in 2007 in Experimental Lageado farm and evaluate (evaluation cycle) in 2008 in Experimental Lageado and Experimental São Manuel farms, both belonging to the Agriculture College of São Paulo State University - UNESP - campus Botucatu, located respectively in Botucatu - SP and São Manuel - SP cities. The selection criterion was plants that had 100% female flowers on the first raceme. Plants with this phenotype had their racemes selfed when they start to produce male (staminate) flowers (sex reversal). For the evaluation cycle were harvested seeds of the first raceme of selected plants with 100% female flowers - treatment 1 (open); seeds of selfed racemes with plants initially 100% female - treatment 2 (selfed) and seeds taken at random who served as control - treatment 3 (control). At the end of evaluation cycle can be observed that there was significant increase with 1% of probability... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-05-31T14:18:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Ferreira de Lima.pdf: 3099288 bytes, checksum: 938917c0a1215a5bf98ca2fde04e65c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-31T14:18:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Ferreira de Lima.pdf: 3099288 bytes, checksum: 938917c0a1215a5bf98ca2fde04e65c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-11-15 / The cultivation of sugarcane plays an important role in Brazilian agribusiness and at the same time, displays great social and economic importance to the state of Pernambuco, with a harvest of 19,530,950 tonnes of the product in 2007/2008. In spite of the technological advancements made in several stages of its productive process, this activity is frequently associated with environmental contamination, due to the prior burning of the straw for manual and/or mechanized cutting. The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the sugarcane harvesting process practiced in Pernambuco’s Zona da Mata Norte and identify the difficulties for the adoption of the practice of raw sugarcane cutting. The research is founded on recent works about the need for practices of sustainable management of the land with the subsequent preservation of its fertility and its biological balance, of fundamental importance not only for this region – where soil and climatic conditions are less favourable – but also to meet the principles of sustainable management, conomically profitable, ecologically correct and socially just. To reach the objectives proposed, the research methodology adopted was of interviews with the representatives of the different segments involved in the process: producers, cane cutters and spokesmen of environmental organs, as well as, through comparative analysis between production costs in the modalities burnt cane and raw cane in a five year period. After analysis of the compiled data, a conclusion was reached about the advantages in the adoption of raw sugarcane harvesting and suggesting the expansion of the sample through new research which offers data for private investors and public administrators, aiming for the adoption of an attitude which reconciles increased productivity, socio-environmental security and respect for citizenship. / A cultura da cana-de-açúcar desempenha um papel relevante no agronegócio brasileiro e,paralelamente, revela grande importância econômica e social no Estado de Pernambuco, que colheu na safra 2007/2008 19.530.950 toneladas desse produto. Apesar dos avanços tecnológicos alcançados em diversas etapas de seu processo produtivo, essa atividade é freqüentemente associada à contaminação ambiental, devido à queima prévia da palha para posterior corte manual e/ou mecanizado. O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar o processo de colheita da cana-de-açúcar praticado na Zona da Mata de Pernambuco e identificar as dificuldades para a adoção da prática do corte da cana crua. A pesquisa está fundamentada em trabalhos recentes sobre a necessidade de práticas de manejo sustentável do solo com a conseqüente preservação de sua fertilidade natural e de seu equilíbrio biológico, de fundamental importância não só para esta região - onde as condições edafoclimáticas para o cultivo da lavoura são menos favoráveis – como também para atender aos princípios da sustentabilidade: economicamente rentável, ecologicamente correta e socialmente justa. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, a metodologia de pesquisa adotada foi a de entrevistas aos representantes dos diferentes segmentos envolvidos no processo: produtores, cortadores de cana e porta-vozes dos órgãos ambientais, como também, por meio de análise comparativa entre os custos de produção nas modalidades cana queimada e cana crua, no período de cinco anos. Após análise dos dados compilados, conclui-se sobre as vantagens da adoção da colheita da cana crua e sugere-se a ampliação da amostragem através de novas pesquisas que ofereçam subsídios às decisões tanto de investidores particulares como de gestores públicos, visando à adoção de uma atitude investidora que concilie ganhos de produtividade, segurança sócio-ambiental e respeito à cidadania.

Den ökade mängden data i världen leder till att allt fler företag väljer att investera i BI-system som kan stödja hantering och analys av data. Genom att analysera data kan det leda till nytta för företaget som exempelvis bättre kontroll och beslutsunderlag. Samtidigt har utvärderingen av nyttan med systemen inte följt med i samma utveckling som investeringarna. Svårigheten att utvärdera de mjuka och strategiska nyttorna med ett BI-system är en av anledningarna till det. Genom att utvärdera ett BI-system kan företag få en uppfattning av vilka nyttor som uppnåtts och om ytterligare aktiviteter krävs för att öka nyttan. En kvalitativ intervjustudie har utförts på stora tillverkande företag och konsultföretag för att se hur arbetet med utvärdering av nyttor med BI-system går till i praktiken. Studien inkluderar utvärdering både innan och efter en implementation och resulterar i rekommendationer. Studiens resultat visar att det kan skilja sig hur små företag och stora tillverkande företag använder BI-systemet och därmed hur utvärdering bör ske. Det har även påvisats att det bör ske ökad utvärdering efter att BI-systemen införts i företaget. Genom att inkludera utvärdering av delar som påverkar möjligheten att uppnå nytta, såväl som delar som kan påverka utvärderingen, leder det till en mer realistisk utvärdering och därmed en större chans för företag att öka nyttan med sitt BI-system. / The growing amount of data in the world leads to an increasing amount of investments in BI-systems, which can support management and analysis of data. Businesses can experience benefits such as better control and decision base when they analyze their data. The evaluation of BI-systems has fallen behind at the same time as investments in these systems has increased. The difficulty in evaluating the soft and strategic benefits of a BI-system is one of the reasons for the lack of evaluations. Evaluation can give businesses a notion of which benefits that they have achieved and if further activities are needed to increase the benefits of the BI-system. A qualitative interview study has been carried out on large manufacturing businesses and consulting businesses, with the purpose to study how the evaluation of BI-system benefits are being done in practice. The study include evaluation before and after an implementation of a BI-system and results in recommendations. The result of the study shows that there can be differences in the way small and large manufacturing businesses use the BI-system and therefore also differences in how to perform the evaluation. The study has also established that more evaluations should be done after the BI-system has been implemented. Evaluation of parts that affect the possibility to achieve benefits as well as parts that affects the evaluation results in a more realistic evaluation, and a greater chance for the business to increase the benefits of their BI-system.

Nowadays, companies all over the world use Social Media tools in order to advertise and promote their products, services and themselves. They are using them mostly for marketing purposes. This research explores whether the usage of Social Media in Greek retail businesses is a resource development or risk of increased competition or both or none of them. In addition, it explores the usage of Social Media in Greek retail businesses currently and the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in using Social Media in Greek retail businesses, as well as the future use of Social Media. It also investigates the failure of companies to use the integrated capabilities of multiple Social Media in order to conduct several business functions in the Greek retail sector. Moreover, this study addresses the way that case company manages the information given by customers through Social Media. Extensive literature search revealed that almost no research has been conducted earlier on the aforementioned issues in the context of Greek retail businesses. Furthermore, this research has been undertaken because Social Media is a contemporary topic, which always develops rapidly and affects the sales of products, services and the attraction of customers by a company. This study has been conducted by reviewing the current literature on the topics, observing customers on Facebook and Instagram pages of the case company, interviewing experts from the case company and analysing the empirical data. The findings contribute to the identification of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Social Media in Greek retail businesses. In addition, it highlights the usefulness of Social Media for management tasks by company managers and information and knowledge management for companies. The findings of the study can be useful to retail companies in Greek and other countries about how they can significantly benefit from the usage of Social Media in a variety of ways by avoiding the risks.

I skolan ställs mycket höga förväntningar på nyanlända elever, då de förväntas lära det svenska språket parallellt med ämneskunskaper. Många lärare saknar dock kompetens i hur de ska främja nyanlända elever språk- och kunskapsutveckling. Därför syftar studien till att bidra med kunskap om hur undervisningen i So-ämnena kan organiseras för nyanlända elever i årskurs 4–6. Det görs genom att undersöka vilka undervisningsfaktorer lärare uppfattar gynna nyanlända elevers kunskapsutveckling inom So-ämnena samt på vilka sätt lärande möjliggörs för nyanlända elever inom So-ämnena. Skoldidaktisk teori och sociokulturell teori utgör studiens teoretiska ramverk. Data har samlats in genom kvalitativa intervjuer med fem lärare. All insamlade data har därefter analyserats tematiskt och sammanställts i matriser utefter likheter och skillnader. Bearbetningen och analysen resulterade i att fem huvudsakliga teman fanns; involverade professioner och verksamheter, språklig medvetenhets inverkan, det sociala samspelets betydelse, användning av translanguaging samt interkulturellt perspektiv. Respektive tema delades in i subteman för att konkretisera innebörden av resultatet. Lärarnas uppfattningar skiljde sig en del åt men de främsta likheterna som framträdde var att de uppfattade studiehandledning på modersmålet som en viktig resurs för att främja nyanlända elevers kunskapsutveckling och för att synliggöra elevernas kunskaper. Bildstöd nämndes som ett bra stöd för att bearbeta ämnesinnehåll. Det beskrevs som viktigt att vara observant på både ämnesspecifika begrepp och vardagsspråk som de nyanlända eleverna inte kan samt att vara observant vid olika gruppkonstellationer då nyanlända elever i heterogena grupper sällan är speciellt delaktiga. Filmer på modersmålet och användning av inläsningstjänst beskrevs som framgångsrika hjälpmedel för nyanlända elevers kunskapsutveckling i So-ämnena. Avslutningsvis beskrivs att lärare måste ha kunskap om vad som är gynnande för nyanlända elevers kunskapsutveckling samt vilka redskap och hjälpmedel som finns för att nyanlända elever ska utveckla sina So-kunskaper så mycket som möjligt. / There are high expectations on newly arrived pupils in school. They are supposed to develop both language and subject knowledge at the same time. This despite teachers lacking competence in how to promote newly arrived pupils’ development in language and subject knowledge at the same time. Because of this, the aim of this study is to contribute with knowledge about how to organize the teaching in the social orientated subjects for newly arrived pupils in 4th-6th grade. This is done by answering the following questions: Which factors in the teaching do teachers perceive promoting for newly arrived pupils developing their knowledge in the social orientated subjects? And in what ways is learning in the social orientated subjects made possible for newly arrived students? A school didactic theory and sociocultural theory form the theoretical framework of the study. Data has been collected by qualitative interviews with five teachers. All the collected data has been thematically analyzed and put together in matrices based on similarities and differences. The processing and analysis resulted in five head themes: professions and functions involved, the impact of linguistic awareness, the importance of social interaction, use of translanguaging and intercultural perspective. Each theme was divided into subthemes to concretize the meaning of the result. The teachers’ perception differed, but the most common similarity was that they perceived study guidance in the mother tongue as a useful resource to promote newly arrived pupils’ knowledge and to make the pupils’ knowledge more visible. Support from images was mentioned as great for processing content in the subject. It was described as important to be aware of both words, specific for the subject, and more ordinary words, used in the daily talk, that the newly arrived pupils are not aware of. Another factor mentioned to be aware of was group structures. This because newly arrived pupils attend to not be involved in heterogeneous groups. Films in the mother tongue and the use of Inläsningstjänst was described as successful tools for newly arrived pupils to increase their knowledge in the social orientated subjects. Lastly the importance of subject teachers’ knowledge about how to increase newly arrived pupils’ knowledge and about available resources are mentioned.