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Le système régional d'innovation : le cas de la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'AzurRoillet, Jonathan 16 November 2011 (has links)
L’objectif de cette thèse est d’établir par le biais d’outils économiques une meilleure représentativité d’un domaine de pointe spécifique à l’échelle d’un territoire, à savoir l’innovation. Ce travail de recherche s’inscrit comme un élément de réponse à une interrogation du Conseil Régional de Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur à propos de la détermination du « potentiel innovant » régional. Cette institution est à l’origine de ce sujet de recherche.Dans une première partie nous cherchons à comprendre et à analyser le lien entre innovation et territoire. Pour cela nous procédons dans un premier temps à l’identification des soubassements théoriques, et ce à travers une revue de littérature et une analyse interrogative autour de cette articulation innovation/territoire (chapitre 1). Une fois le caractère systémique de l’innovation mis en évidence, notre démarche nous conduit dans un second temps à développer une approche territoriale de l’innovation pour approfondir notre sujet (chapitre 2). Cette approche trouve pleinement son sens dans un troisième et dernier temps où nous appliquons à ce lien innovation/territoire le concept de « système régional d’innovation » (chapitre 3).La seconde partie de la thèse cherche à comprendre les « rouages » de l’innovation sur le territoire régional de Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. Cette approche s’effectue à partir du cadre conceptuel développé précédemment et que nous considérons ici comme le plus pertinent, à savoir le système régional d’innovation. Tout d’abord nous élaborons un aperçu du territoire régional, notamment en utilisant le regard que les instances décisionnelles ont sur lui en matière d’innovation (chapitre 4). Cela nous permet de voir quel est le système régional d’innovation propre à Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. De ce fait nous pouvons développer une analyse de ce système identifié, et cela à travers une lecture en trois temps du schéma de l’innovation régionale.Dans un premier temps nous identifions les éléments qui composent le cœur du système régional d’innovation (chapitre 5). Ces éléments n’ont jamais fait l’objet à notre connaissance d’un recensement complet au sein d’une typologie argumentée tel que nous le réalisons ici. Certes il s’agit là d’un travail à la fois dense et complexe qui se traduit par une très forte dimension descriptive. Toutefois ce travail nous est apparu nécessaire pour répondre à l’attente exprimée dans l’introduction quant à l’identification et l’analyse du « potentiel innovant » de la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur.Dans un second temps nous nous penchons sur les acteurs qui « gravitent » autour du cœur du système régional d’innovation et interagissent avec et à travers lui (chapitre 6). Nous cherchons à comprendre les moyens dont ils disposent pour innover. Cette analyse a recours à un certain nombre d’indicateurs et d’enquêtes. Elle se prolonge par la mise en perspective de la vision globale apparue via l’utilisation d’un indicateur composite.Après avoir identifié le cœur du système régional d’innovation et les acteurs qui lui « gravitent » autour, le troisième temps met en perspective l’innovation à travers une approche par les résultats (partie 3). Cette troisième et dernière partie complète les approches par l’identification et par les moyens que nous avons précédemment développés. Elle propose une approche synthétique du lien entre innovation et territoire par l’intermédiaire des brevets. L’intérêt de cette démarche est de proposer une approche de l’innovation à travers un output reconnu. / The objective of this thesis is to establish by the slant of economic tools a better representativeness of a specific domain to the scale of a territory : the innovation. This research appears like an element of answer to a questioning of the Council Régional of Provence-Alpes-Cote d’Azur about the determination of the" potential innovating" regional. This institution is at the origin of this research.In a first part we try to understand and to analyze the tie between innovation and territory. For it we conduct in a first time the identification of the theoretical bases and we realize an analysis interrogative around this innovation / territory joint (chapter 1). Once the systemic character of the innovation put in evidence, our gait driven us in a second time to develop a territorial approach of the innovation (chapter 2). This approach fully finds sense in a third and last time where we apply to this innovation / territory tie the concept of "regional innovation system" (chapter 3).The second part of the thesis tries to understand the elements of the innovation on the regional territory of Provence-Alpes-Cote d’Azur. This approach takes place from the developed previously conceptual setting and that we consider here like the most applicable, the regional innovation system. First of all we elaborate a preview of the regional territory (chapter 4). It allows us to see what is the regional innovation system of Provence-Alpes-Cote d’Azur. On this fact we can develop an analysis of this system identified, and it through a reading in three times of the diagram of the regional innovation (chapters 5 and 6).This third and last part completes the approaches by the identification and by the means that we developed previously. We propose a synthetic approach of the tie between innovation and territory through the intermediary of the patents (chapters 7, 8 and 9). We also propose some elements of assessment of the regional performance from the activity of deposit of patents (chapter 10), and we try to determine if an impact clean to the territories exists
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The Stories of Swedish Edible Insects Entrepreneurs : Activities, Business Models, and TIS EvolutionChatthong, Chattraporn January 2023 (has links)
Sustainability transition has gained more interest in academic research. However, it has rarely been studied specifically from a firm-level perspective. Therefore, this study aims to understand and learn from the firm-level perspective to contribute to firm- and system-level understanding. The case study of insects as food and feed industry is interesting in a niche and challenging market or to understand the overcoming activities of those facing barriers, whether the overcoming of customer acceptance, uncertainty of the market, and the regulations of eating insects as just been approved by the European Commission in recent years. Moreover, the study of insects has been widely focused on entomology, such as species, and nutrition. It is beginning to be studied in the food sector in Western countries, recently. Therefore, this research will contribute an in-depth understanding of the firm-level in the edible insect industry, especially in the business section in Sweden. This research contributes to the understanding of entrepreneurs' sustainable business models in different time periods, which could be shaped by barriers and opportunities. The barriers found in this study are similar to previous studies of the insect industry in other countries, except for customer acceptance, which seems to be different in Sweden. The customer issue that stands out here is finding the niche group of customers and the niche product that suits these early adopter customers. I also found the importance of entrepreneurial activities in relation to the development of the technological innovation system (TIS). The actors or entrepreneurs are the catalysts for the development of the TIS in the uncertain industry, since every single movement of the entrepreneurs leads to the dynamics of the system, such as a lobbying activity to overcome the regulatory barrier.
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Publicly Funded Support of Technology-Based VenturesNorrman, Charlotte January 2005 (has links)
This thesis is about publicly funded support of technology-based ventures. These ventures are regarded as solutions to create growth and societal development. They are commonly originated from universities, institutes or other firms and their products or techniques are commonly new or at least different from the ordinary. They are therefore considered as being of higher risk than generic new firms, but if successful they may also give higher returns. Hence, a range of efforts has been undertaken to support them. However, concerning the issue of public support, gaps of research have been exposed. This thesis aims to give some answers on the question of what characterizes the public support given to technology-based ventures in Sweden. It elucidates two types of public support, the “configuration-type” and the “process-type” The first is studied by using statistical databases built upon the conditional loans and the innovation subsidies that were offered by Sweden Innovation Centre during the years 1994-2003. The second type concerns incubator support, and investigates how best practise incubators can be evaluated. Among the results, it can be mentioned that different support actors use different selection criteria depending on their goals, however the credibility of the applying venture is crucial for approval. Furthermore, a framework for best practice evaluation is developed. / <p>Report code: LiU-Tek-Lic 2005:72</p>
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Att överkomma dödens dal Tillverkarnas krav som startups behöver veta för ett affärsmässigt samarbete / Overcoming the Valley of Death Manufacturers' demands as startups need to know for business collaborationYoharajah, Rajisan, Ninkovic, Stefan January 2021 (has links)
Ett växande samhälle kräver ständigt behov av nya tekniska lösningar och innovationer för att fylla samhällets behov och dess fortsatta utveckling. I Sverige förekommer brister i innovationssystemet, där stöd till mindre bolag och för uppskalning är bristfälliga. Detta examensarbete består av en studie utförd för Produktionsänglar, ett koncept som stöttar startupföretag samt mindre företag som önskar skala upp en fysisk produkt från idé till serieproduktion. Produktionsänglar har tidigare lagt resurser på att förstå sig på startupföretagens perspektiv. Lika mycket tonvikt har inte lagts på tillverkarnas och därmed råder det inte samma förståelse för tillverkarnas perspektiv. Genom intervjuer med tillverkningsföretagen har kraven eller mer specifikt förutsättningar som tillverkningsföretagen sätter på startupföretagen identifierats. Detta för att båda parterna skall matchas utan svårigheter samtidigt som startupföretagens idé kan kommersialisera sig. Resultatet av studien visar att startupföretagen bör ha i överseende på fem förutsättningar för att de tillverkande företagen skall kunna ta an deras idé och samarbeta. De bör ha enekonomisk plan, matchande bransch med tydlig idé, se över marknadspotentialen, patent samt komma i kontakt med tillverkningsföretag i tidigare stadier. / A growing society requires a constant need for new technological solutions and innovations to meet the society's demands and for its continued development. In Sweden there are shortcomings in its innovation system, where support for small scale companies and for upscaling is deficient. This thesis consists of a study carried out for Produktionsänglar, a concept which supports startups and smaller companies that want to scale up a physical product from an idea to batch production. Produktionsänglar have previously invested resources in understanding the startups perspective, but the same emphasis has not been placed on the manufacturers side. Thus the same understanding does not exist regarding the manufacturers' perspective. Through interviews with manufacturing companies, the requirements, more specifically the conditions which the manufacturing company places on startups have been identified in order to match the two parties without difficulty and where the startups idea can commercialize. The results of the study show that startups need to review five conditions for manufacturing companies in order for them to adopt their idea and be willing to cooperate. They should have a financial plan, matching industry with a clear idea, review market potential, patents and get involved with the manufacturing companies in earlier stages.
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Managing Radical Technological Changes in the Swedish Insurance Industry: the Challenge of Regulatory Compliance / Hanterandet av Radikala Teknologiska Förändringar i den Svenska Försäkringsbranschen: Utmaningen av RegelefterlevnadLindahl, Linnéa, Liu, Julia January 2020 (has links)
This study concerns investigating an industry, i.e. system, which is subject to radical technological changes, and how actors within the system can enhance their innovation processes and manage technological shifts efficiently. The specific context in which these processes are investigated is the compliance departments within the Swedish insurance industry. The Swedish insurance industry constitutes a central pillar in the national economy, which is why the stability of the industry must be ensured. As a result, the insurance industry is subject to various regulations and the scope and amount of regulations have increased since the global financial crisis in 2008. In other words, the regulatory burden has increased while the risks of non-compliance pose a threat to incumbents' competitive position. In order to meet the pressure of increased regulatory burden as well as leverage on the pressure of digitalization, Regulatory Technology (RegTech) has been identified as a key focus area for Swedish insurance companies in enhancing their operational efficiency as well as reduce the risk of non-compliance. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to identify system challenges to adoption of RegTech as well as system enablers which suggest how the related innovation processes can be facilitated. The empirical data in this study consists of ten in-depth interviews with representatives from Swedish insurance companies as well as knowledge providers within RegTech. The study reveals 38 system challenges and 38 system enablers to adoption of RegTech in various dimensions related to market forces, organizational factors and product development aspects, to mention a few. The most commonly raised system challenges are based on that RegTech is related to cost-reduction and thus has limited impact on revenue-generation as well as the fact that the insurance industry is characterized for being conservative and rigid, to name a few. Two examples of commonly mentioned system enablers are increasing regulatory pressure which leads to uneconomical and resource-intensive compliance operations with an increasingly high risk of non-compliance, as well as that younger insurance companies have to deploy RegTech in order to survive in the long run. The results from the study are presented at landscape-, regime- and niche-level according to the theoretical frameworks of Multi-level Perspective of Sociotechnical Systems and Absorptive Capacity in conjunction with a relevant theoretical framework within compliance management, denoted the Efficient-investment-risk model. / Denna studie inkluderar undersökandet av en industri, med andra ord ett system, som genomgår radikala tekniska förändringar samt hur aktörerna inom detta system kan förbättra sina innovationsprocesser och hantera teknikskiften mer effektivt. Det specifika fallet i vilket dessa processer undersöks i är complianceavdelningar hos svenska försäkringsbolag. Den svenska försäkringsbranschen utgör en central pelare i den nationella ekonomin, vilket är anledningen till varför industrins stabilitet behöver värnas. På grund av detta omfattas industrin av en mängd olika regelverk och vidare har omfattningen samt antalet regelverk ökat sedan den globala finanskrisen 2008. Med andra ord har den regulatoriska bördan ökat medan risken av icke-compliance fortsätter att utgöra ett hot mot försäkringsbolagens marknadspositioner. För att möta det ökade regulatoriska trycket och dessutom dra fördel av trycket från digitaliseringsvågen har Regulatory Technology (RegTech) identifieras som ett nyckelområde för svenska försäkringsbolag i deras strategi att förbättra operationell effektivitet samt bibehålla låg risk av non-compliance. Följaktligen är syftet med denna studie att identifiera systemutmaningar inom anammandet av RegTech samt systemmöjliggöranden som kan underlätta innovationsprocesser relaterat till anammandet av RegTech. Den empiriska datan i studien består av tio djupgående intervjuer med representanter från svenska försäkringsbolag samt RegTech-experter som utgörs av bland annat konsultbolag samt teknikföretag. Studien avslöjar 38 systemutmaningar samt 38 systemmöjliggörare relaterat till anammandet av RegTech i en bredd av olika dimensioner så som marknadskrafter, organisatoriska faktorer, produktutveckling m.m. Bland de vanligast identifierade systemutmaningarna presenteras faktumet att RegTech är begränsat till kostnadsreducering och därmed inte har en direkt positiv inverkan på intäktsdrivandet. En annan vanlig systemutmaning är faktumet att försäkringsbranschen är konservativ och stel i dess natur. Ett exempel på systemmöjliggörare å andra sidan är trenden att det regulatoriska trycket ökar, vilket leder till att complianceprocesser behöver effektiviseras för att försäkringsbolag ska kunna bibehålla konkurrenskraft samt att konsekvenserna av non-compliance blir allvarligare. En annan möjliggörande faktor inom systemet är att unga försäkringsbolag är i stort behov av att anamma RegTech för att överleva ekonomiskt i det långa loppet. Studiens resultat är presenterat på landskap, regim samt nichenivå i enlighet med teorin multi-nivåperspektivet av sociotekniska system samt i enlighet med teoriområdet absorptionsförmåga. Utöver detta har även en teori inom compliance management vid namn Effektiv-investering-riskmodellen tillämpats.
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Overcoming the Valley of Death : How to Better Support Hardware Scaleups in the Swedish Innovation System / Övervinna dödens dal : Hur gårdvaruscaleups kan städjas bättre i det svenska innovationssystemetMolin, Lucas January 2020 (has links)
Innovation has emerged in the latest decades as the key driver of economic growth. The Swedish Government has made innovation a key focus and supports a multitude of initiatives to improve the innovation capacity of Sweden. This thesis provides a multiple case study on hardware scaleups, to evaluate how they could be better supported in overcoming the valley of death by the Swedish innovation system. Through the framework of triple helix, actors representing all key areas were interviewed to achieve a holistic view on the system. Through interviews with both scaleups and other actors in the system, a picture of a gap between scaleups and existing infrastructure emerges. The findings show that improving the facilitation of connections between hardware scaleups and Swedish suppliers, improving the access to production competence, and simplifying the access to existing resources in the innovation system are all key to a better facilitation of hardware scaleups growth in Sweden. / Innovation har växt fram under de senaste decennierna som den främsta drivkraften för ekonomisk tillväxt. Den svenska staten har satt innovation i fokus, och stödjer en bredd av initiativ för att öka Sveriges innovationskapacitet. Detta examensarete består av en multipel fallstudie på hårdvaruscaleups för att utvärdera hur deras tillväxt bättre kan faciliteras av det svenska innovationssystemet. Genom intervjuer med både scaleups och andra aktärer i systemet framkommer en bild av en värld där scaleups inte tar del av existerande innovationsinfrastruktur i full grad. Studiens resultat visar att förbättrad facilitering av förbindelser mellan hårdvaruscaleups och underleverantörer, förbättrad tillgång till produktionskompetens, och en förenkling av användandet av existerande resurser i det svenska innovationssystemet är tre centrala faktorer för att bättre facilitera tillväxten för hårdvaruscaleups i Sverige.
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Be my (little) partner?! - Universities' role in regional innovation systems when large firms are rareKindt, Anna-Maria, Geissler, Matthias, Bühling, Kilian 06 June 2024 (has links)
Structural differences regarding the presence of large firms are likely to influence the performance of Regional Innovation Systems. Regions lacking large firms to act as brokers of knowledge and coordinators of regional (R&D) collaboration may have to rely on other actors to form internal and external links. We investigate whether, in this case, universities can fulfill the needs of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) with regard to coordination and knowledge flows. Using a data set of subsidized R&D collaborations, we compare universities' network positions in four model regions in Germany. Applying a Temporal Exponential Random Graph Model approach, we examine link formation and network structure with a focus on university–SME ties and their development over time. Results indicate that SMEs profit from connections to the university in all regions. Nevertheless, universities take more central roles in regions where the economic surrounding does contain fewer large firms as sources for knowledge exchange.
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The role of innovation in economic developmentEggink, Maria Elizabeth 11 1900 (has links)
The aim of this study is to determine the role that innovation plays in economic development and how an economic environment can be created that is conducive to innovation. The urgent need for development in large parts of the world indicates the importance of the increase in innovative activities because innovation is indicated as the “engine of growth and development”.
It was found that innovation takes place within an innovation system and should be studied from a system perspective. The system perspective implies that there are different participants and that these participants function individually but that they also interact (wittingly or unwittingly) with one another. The innovation system is defined as a system that includes the participants or actors and their activities and interactions, as well as the socio-economic environment within which these actors or participants function, which determine the innovative performance of the system. A system approach is therefore necessary to study the influence of innovation on development.
The role that innovation plays in economic development has been established by means of the historical patterns of economic development and major innovations as well as an analysis of literature of empirical studies. The historical pattern indicates the importance of innovation for economic development, but literature revealed the complexity of the relationship due to the non-linear relationship among different actors or participants in an innovation system. The main determinants of innovation was identified and a conceptual, descriptive model for an innovation system was developed, indicating the different participants, their roles, the interaction among them, and the economic environment within which the participants function. The model was applied to the Mpumalanga province in South Africa as case study. Strengths and weaknesses were identified in the Mpumalanga innovation system and recommendations were made for the improvement of the Mpumalanga innovation system which in turn should lead to an improvement in the economic development of the province. / Economics / D.Comm. (Economics)
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The role of innovation in economic developmentEggink, Ria 11 1900 (has links)
The aim of this study is to determine the role that innovation plays in economic development and how an economic environment can be created that is conducive to innovation. The urgent need for development in large parts of the world indicates the importance of the increase in innovative activities because innovation is indicated as the “engine of growth and development”.
It was found that innovation takes place within an innovation system and should be studied from a system perspective. The system perspective implies that there are different participants and that these participants function individually but that they also interact (wittingly or unwittingly) with one another. The innovation system is defined as a system that includes the participants or actors and their activities and interactions, as well as the socio-economic environment within which these actors or participants function, which determine the innovative performance of the system. A system approach is therefore necessary to study the influence of innovation on development.
The role that innovation plays in economic development has been established by means of the historical patterns of economic development and major innovations as well as an analysis of literature of empirical studies. The historical pattern indicates the importance of innovation for economic development, but literature revealed the complexity of the relationship due to the non-linear relationship among different actors or participants in an innovation system. The main determinants of innovation was identified and a conceptual, descriptive model for an innovation system was developed, indicating the different participants, their roles, the interaction among them, and the economic environment within which the participants function. The model was applied to the Mpumalanga province in South Africa as case study. Strengths and weaknesses were identified in the Mpumalanga innovation system and recommendations were made for the improvement of the Mpumalanga innovation system which in turn should lead to an improvement in the economic development of the province. / Economics / D.Comm. (Economics)
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Driving sustainable development: eco-innovation systems and public policiesChaparro Banegas, Nuria 20 April 2024 (has links)
Tesis por compendio / [ES] El crecimiento económico y la competitividad se han establecido en la vanguardia de la agenda política desde el inicio de las teorías del desarrollo económico. Los países han tratado de impulsar el crecimiento económico y la competitividad mediante la adopción de políticas de innovación. Sin embargo, las nuevas demandas de la sociedad derivadas de los retos del desarrollo sostenible exigen un progreso basado en los principios de sostenibilidad y en el bienestar de la población mundial. Las desigualdades entre países y personas deben reducirse significativamente y, en el mejor de los casos, eliminarse. El creciente interés por el desarrollo sostenible en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad exige también procesos y actividades de innovación. La innovación debe basarse en las dimensiones económica, social y medioambiental de la sostenibilidad. Por eso, la importancia de conceptos como la eco-innovación ha aumentado en las últimas décadas.
La consecución de un desarrollo sostenible mediante estrategias de eco-innovación se ve influida por multitud de factores que interactúan entre sí, lo que añade complejidad al proceso de eco-innovación. Estas interacciones se producen dentro de las fronteras de sistemas de innovación definidos por características únicas que dependen de su contexto geográfico. Esta variedad de características nacionales o regionales obliga a orientar las políticas de eco-innovación.
Esta tesis se estructura en cuatro capítulos, correspondiendo cada uno de ellos a un artículo científico. El objetivo principal de la tesis consiste en determinar la conexión entre el desarrollo sostenible, la eco-innovación y los sistemas de innovación, estudiando la complejidad de las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad y la innovación integradas en la eco-innovación, la interacción entre los agentes del sistema de innovación y el contexto socioeconómico y las características específicas de cada país. Esta triple conexión se analizó a través de cuatro metodologías. El posible vínculo entre desarrollo sostenible e innovación y sus facilitadores se estableció mediante una regresión lineal múltiple y el análisis clúster (cap. 2). Por medio de métodos bibliométricos, se examinó el estado actual de la bibliografía que estudia simultáneamente la eco-innovación y los sistemas de innovación para identificar posibles vías o alternativas de investigación sobre los sistemas de eco-innovación (cap. 3). Por último, el análisis comparativo cualitativo de conjuntos difusos (fsQCA) aportó perspectivas sobre cómo se explica la eco-innovación a través de la interacción de factores y agentes dentro de los sistemas de eco-innovación (cap. 4-5).
Las conclusiones de este estudio resaltan la necesidad de una transición hacia modelos de economía circular y sostenibilidad en los que el crecimiento económico se controle y supervise para evitar la degradación del medio ambiente. En esta transición, las características nacionales adoptan un papel primordial a la hora de implementar estrategias de eco-innovación y sostenibilidad. La gran variedad de contextos nacionales y la existencia de recursos limitados requiere que los países obtengan una comprensión en profundidad de los sistemas de eco-innovación. Esta comprensión podría reducir la complejidad e incertidumbre inherentes a la eco-innovación y a las relaciones surgidas entre los agentes de los sistemas de innovación que estimulan u obstaculizan las actividades de eco-innovación. Por lo tanto, el éxito de la eco-innovación y el consiguiente logro del desarrollo sostenible se garantizarían estableciendo políticas de eco-innovación y sostenibilidad adaptadas a las características de cada sistema nacional de eco-innovación. Mediante la combinación de los conocimientos adquiridos a partir del análisis de los sistemas nacionales de eco-innovación y la participación en la colaboración internacional, podrían reducirse las desigualdades entre países en términos de desarrollo sostenible y bienestar. / [CA] El creixement econòmic i la competitivitat s'han establit en l'avantguarda de l'agenda política des de l'inici de les teories de desenvolupament econòmic. Els països han tractat d'impulsar el creixement econòmic i la competitivitat mitjançant l'adopció de polítiques d'innovació. No obstant això, les noves demandes de la societat derivades dels reptes del desenvolupament sostenible exigeixen un progrés basat en els principis de sostenibilitat i en el benestar de la població mundial. Les desigualtats entre països i persones han de reduir-se significativament i, en el millor dels casos, eliminar-se. El creixent interés pel desenvolupament sostenible en tots els àmbits de la societat exigeix també processos i activitats d'innovació. La innovació ha de basar-se en les dimensions econòmica, social i mediambiental de la sostenibilitat. Per això, la importància de conceptes com l'eco-innovació ha augmentat en les últimes dècades.
La consecució d'un desenvolupament sostenible mitjançant estratègies d'eco-innovació es veu influïda per multitud de factors que interactuen entre si, la qual cosa afegeix complexitat al procés d'eco-innovació. Aquestes interaccions es produeixen dins de les fronteres de sistemes d'innovació definits per característiques úniques que depenen del seu context geogràfic. La varietat de característiques nacionals i regionals obliga a orientar les polítiques d'eco-innovació.
Aquesta tesi s'estructura en quatre capítols, corresponent cadascun d'ells a un article científic. El objectiu principal de la tesi consisteix a determinar la connexió entre el desenvolupament sostenible, l'eco-innovació i els sistemes d'innovació, estudiant la complexitat de les dimensions de la sostenibilitat i la innovació integrades en l'eco-innovació, la interacció entre els agents del sistema d'innovació i el context socioeconòmic i les característiques específiques de cada país. Aquesta triple connexió es va analitzar a través de quatre metodologies. El possible vincle entre desenvolupament sostenible i innovació i els seus facilitadors es va establir mitjançant una regressió lineal múltiple i l'anàlisi clúster (cap. 2). Per mitjà de mètodes bibliomètrics, es va examinar l'estat actual de la bibliografia que estudia simultàniament l'eco-innovació i els sistemes de innovació per a identificar possibles vies o alternatives d'investigació sobre els sistemes d'eco-innovació (cap. 3). Finalment, l'anàlisi comparativa qualitativa de conjunts difusos (fsQCA), va aportar perspectives sobre com s'explica l'eco-innovació a través de la interacció de factors i agents dins dels sistemes d'eco-innovació (cap. 4-5).
Les conclusions d'aquest estudi ressalten la necessitat d'una transició cap a models d'economia circular i sostenibilitat en els quals el creixement econòmic es controle i supervise per a evitar la degradació del medi ambient. En aquesta transició, les característiques nacionals adopten un paper primordial a l'hora d'implementar estratègies d'eco-innovació i sostenibilitat. La gran varietat de contextos nacionals i l'existència de recursos limitats requereix que els països obtinguen una comprensió en profunditat dels sistemes d'eco-innovació. Aquesta comprensió podria reduir la complexitat i incertesa inherents a l'eco-innovació i a les relacions sorgides entre els agents dels sistemes d'innovació que estimulen o obstaculitzen les activitats d'eco-innovació. Per tant, l'èxit de l'eco-innovació i el consegüent assoliment del desenvolupament sostenible es garantirien establint polítiques d'eco-innovació i sostenibilitat adaptades a les característiques de cada sistema nacional d'eco-innovació. Mitjançant la combinació dels coneixements adquirits a partir de l'anàlisi dels sistemes nacionals d'eco-innovació i la participació en la col·laboració internacional, podrien reduir-se les desigualtats entre països en termes de desenvolupament sostenible i benestar. / [EN] Economic growth and competitiveness have been established at the forefront of the political agenda since the beginning of the economic development theories. Countries have tried to drive economic growth and competitiveness through the adoption of innovation policies. However, society's new demands arising from sustainable development challenges call for a progress based on sustainability principles and the well-being of the world population. Inequalities among countries and people need to be significantly reduced and, in the best case, removed. The growing interest for sustainable development in all fields of society also demands innovation processes and activities. Innovation should be based on the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainability. This is why the importance of concepts such as eco-innovation has risen during the last decades.
Achieving sustainable development through eco-innovation strategies is influenced by a multitude of factors, which also interact with each other, adding complexity to the eco-innovation process. These interactions occur within the frontiers of innovation systems defined by unique characteristics that depend on their geographical context. This variety of national or regional characteristics obliges to target eco-innovation policies. Understanding local characteristics is needed for the effective establishment of eco-innovation policies.
This thesis is structured in four chapters, each one corresponding to a scientific article. The main thesis' objective is to determine the connection between sustainable development, eco-innovation, and innovation systems by studying the complexity of (i) sustainability and innovation dimensions integrated into eco-innovation processes, (ii) the interaction among innovation system agents, and (iii) the socio-economic context and specific characteristics of individual countries. This three-fold connection was analyzed through four methodologies which were applied at a three-step approach. The hypothetical link between sustainable development and innovation and its facilitators was established through multiple linear regression and cluster analyses (Chapter 2). By using bibliometric methods, the current state of the literature that simultaneously studies eco-innovation and innovation systems was examined to identify the possible research avenues or possibilities on eco-innovation systems (Chapter 3). Finally, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) provided perspectives on how eco-innovation is explained through the interaction of factors and agents within eco-innovation systems (Chapters 4 and 5).
The conclusions of this study emphasize the need for a transition towards circular economy and sustainability models where economic growth is controlled and monitored to avoid environmental degradation. In this transition, national characteristics adopt a prominent role when applying eco-innovation and sustainability strategies. In this sense, the wide variety of national contexts and the existence of limited resources for countries call for a deep understanding of eco-innovation systems. This deep understanding could reduce the complexity and uncertainty inherent to eco-innovation and the relationships emerged among the agents of innovation systems that stimulate or hamper eco-innovation activities. Therefore, the success of eco-innovation and the subsequent sustainable development achievement would be ensured by establishing tailored eco-innovation and sustainability policies adapted to the characteristics of each national eco-innovation system. Through the combination of knowledge gained from the analysis of national eco-innovation systems and participation in international collaboration, world inequalities in terms of sustainable development and well-being could be reduced. / Chaparro Banegas, N. (2024). Driving sustainable development: eco-innovation systems and public policies [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/203653 / Compendio
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