Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / O jornal da Penitenciária Feminina Talavera Bruce, intitulado Só Isso!, produzido no período de 2004 a 2008, constitui objeto e fonte privilegiada nesta dissertação. Na análise do impresso, a metodologia de pesquisa esteve centrada na produção, circulação e recepção do referido jornal, buscando refletir sobre os possíveis sentidos constituídos nas escritas das apenadas, para uma melhor compreensão das práticas cotidianas dessas mulheres, principalmente, no que tange a uma realidade tão específica, fazendo emergir o registro de um modo de vida tão particular. Nesse sentido, busquei compreender o impresso pesquisado em seus destinos e representações mergulhando em nuances e particularidades que o tema comporta, buscando o universo de significados, isto é, a possibilidade de entendimento acerca das relações estabelecidas por esses sujeitos privados liberdade com a escrita na prisão, o que permitiu perceber quem são apenadas, como expressam suas sensibilidades e subjetividades, como vivem, por que escrevem e quais dificuldades enfrentam. Para analisar esse periódico, aproximei-me de fundamentos e de metodologia vinculados à História da Cultura Escrita e também de autores que auxiliaram a problematizar as questões voltadas para as vicissitudes do encarceramento feminino. Sendo assim, a interpretação desenvolvida está alicerçada em autores que apontam e problematizam a importância de compreender a escrita e o seu suporte, estudiosos que discutem as escritas em espaços de confinamento que, via de regra, procuram ocupar o tempo, experimentar a liberdade ou burlar a solidão, além de pesquisadores que ajudam a pensar a escrita de si e suas representações, e outros voltados para a História da Educação que pensam e discutem a importância do impresso enquanto fonte de pesquisa. Tendo em vista o fato desse tema ter uma fronteira tênue entre os campos de pesquisa, dialogo também com antropólogos e sociólogos que trazem dados sistematizados sobre o universo prisional e auxiliam na sua compreensão. O trabalho de pesquisa sobre jornal, representou, portanto, compreender um pouco mais sobre a realidade das mulheres privadas de liberdade, valorizando a escrita oriunda de um contexto em que os rigorosos meios de controle utilizados pela instituição penitenciária acabam por desumanizar os sujeitos apenados. Desta forma, o direito ao ato de escrita e leitura na prisão, torna-se revestido de uma função social e educativa fundamental para a sobrevivência no cárcere. A tentativa dessa pesquisa é, de alguma forma, trazer contribuições que possam refletir em garantia de direitos e oportunidades, possibilitando aos sujeitos encarcerados dignidade e melhores condições de vida. / This dissertation is about the woman's prison house Talavera Bruces periodical named Só isso!. The paper was published between 2004 and 2008. For the analysis of this print, the methodology has been centered in the production, circulation and thinking of the journal. Also analyzing about the possible senses composed in the inmate's writings, for a better understanding of this woman's daily practices, regarding such a peculiar society, and making by that, a record of a unique way of life. Considering the above mentioned background, I tried to understand this material in its destinies and representations, digging deep in its details and peculiarities , searching its universe of meanings and the possibility of understanding the established relations by this subjects deprived of freedom with the possibility of writing inside prison , allowing for us to get to know who were the inmates, how they expressed their sensibilities and subjectivities ,how they lived, why they wrote, and what kind of problems they faced. For the analysis of this periodical I had to get close to elements and methodologies bounded to the History of Writing and also to authors that research and cover the subject of females incarceration. So, the developed interpretation is supported by authors that point out the importance to understand the writings and its foundations. Scholars that debate writers that lived in scenarios of confinement that usually search to occupy their time, experimenting with freedom, or escaping loneliness. Authors that helped to comprehend the writings and representations of one himself and also researchers of History of Education that think and discuss the importance of the journal as a source of investigation. This theme is over a narrow line between many fields of research. During this dissertation I dialog with anthropologists and sociologists whom have useful data regarding the prison world and refine our understanding .The work of research about the journals stood for a better perspective on this females inmates reality, giving value for their writings in a scenario where the rigorous institutional systems eventually dehumanize women.Thus, the right to read and write in prison fan educational and social aspect that is key for the female prisoners survival inside of the institution.This research reflects about the oppression against female inmates and also contributes to build opportunity and rights to the inmates, allowing them dignity and better life conditions while incarcerated.

O presente estudo teve por objetivo estudar os direitos sociais para além do tema questão da redução do Estado, ocorrida com a derrocada do Estado Social. Ele dirige-se precipuamente para os limites e potencialidades dos direitos sociais no interior da esquadratura capitalista, abarcando suas origens, possibilidades de consolidação e eventuais refrações. Valendo-se dos enfoques econômicos, políticos e jurídicos como ferramentais para estudar a movimentação dos direitos sociais no curso do século XX e no início do século XXI, o trabalho tende a concluir que os direitos sociais são hoje o grande objeto de disputa em uma sociedade calcada pela hegemonia do capital. Nesse sentido, o caso brasileiro é uma boa mostra desta disputa instalada com um elemento distintivo as consequências advindas do subdesenvolvimento e da inserção periférica no capitalismo. / The aim of this work is to study the social rights beyond the issue of the State decreasing after Welfare State´s crisis. The work analyses the upper limits and the potentialities of the social rights inside the capitalism structure, studying their origins, consolidations and refractions. Using the economical, political and juridical view point, this work studies the social rights during the XX and XXI century and tends to conclude that social rights are nowadays the biggest issue in our society based on capital`s hegemony. In this way the Brazilian case is a good sample of this dispute which could be introduced a distinctive element the consequences from the underdevelopment and secondary role in capitalism´s world.

Orientador: Pedro Eduardo de Felicio / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T15:31:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PflanzerJunior_SergioBertelli_D.pdf: 1046006 bytes, checksum: 2711bfce1310c3e6cdd951debd20fb7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Dois estudos foram conduzidos para determinar o efeito da injeção de cloreto de cálcio nas características de palatabilidade e na estabilidade da cor de bifes de coxão mole (M. Semimembranoso) de bovinos suplementados com hidrocloreto de zilpaterol (HZ). No estudo 1 (palatabilidade), 466 bovinos foram divididos em 2 grupos, não-suplementados (n = 233) e suplementados (8,3 mg/kg de HZ nos últimos 20 dias do confinamento; n = 233). Após o abate e resfriamento, 39 carcaças USDA Select foram destinadas aleatoriamente para o teste (não-suplementados = 19; HZ = 20). No estudo 2 (estabilidade da cor), foram utilizados, 20 das 39 carcaças, em igual número de não-suplementados (n = 10) e suplementados HZ (n = 10). Os cortes de coxão mole das duas meias carcaças foram enviados para o laboratório, onde foram destinados alternadamente para os tratamentos não-injetado ou injetado com cloreto de cálcio (5% do peso com solução a 200 mM CaCl2 ). No estudo 1 foram avaliados o comprimento de sarcômero, índice de fragmentação miofibrilar, maciez instrumental (força de cisalhamento por Warner Bratzler - WBSF) e atributos sensoriais dos bifes de coxão mole maturados por até 28 dias. No estudo 2 foram avaliadas a composição centesimal, atividade redutora da metamioglobina (MRA), cor visual e instrumental e oxidação lipídica (TBARS) dos bifes de coxão mole maturados por até 21 dias seguidos da exposição em ¿display¿ por 4 dias. No estudo 1 não houve diferença (P > 0,05) do comprimento de sarcômero entre tratamentos com ou sem HZ. Amostras de animais não suplementados com HZ e amostras injetadas com cloreto de cálcio apresentaram maiores (P < 0,05) índices de fragmentação miofibrilar em relação a suplementados e a não-injetados, respectivamente. A suplementação com HZ não afetou (P > 0,05) as perdas de peso pela exsudação na embalagem, bem como a perda na cocção. A utilização de cloreto de cálcio aumentou (P < 0,05) as perdas de peso. O uso de HZ aumentou (P < 0,05) a WBSF somente dos bi fes maturados por 7 dias. A injeção de cloreto de cálcio em amostras de animais suplementados com HZ anulou (P > 0,05) a diferença na WBSF após 7 dias de maturação e também reduziu (P < 0,05) a WBSF nas amostras dos não suplementados. O HZ não afetou (P > 0,05) as características sensoriais dos bifes maturados por 14 ou 21 dias. Amostras injetadas foram mais macias (P < 0,05) do que as nãoinjetadas, após a maturação por 14 dias, entretanto não houve diferença (P > 0,05) nas maturadas por 21 dias para os atributos sensoriais. Estudo 2: animais tratados com HZ resultaram em carne de cor vermelho-cereja mais claro, maior valor de L * e menores escores de descoloração (P < 0,05). No final da exposição em ¿display¿, os bi fes de animais suplementados com HZ tiveram maiores valores de a * e b * que os controle (P < 0,05). A injeção de CaCl2 resultou em carne de cor vermelha mais intensa e com maiores escores de descoloração (P < 0,05) em amostras maturadas por 14 e 21 dias, mas não influenciou (P > 0,05) a cor aos 7 dias. O valor de L * não foi afetado pela injeção de CaCl2 (P > 0,05). Porém, ao final do período de exposição, as amostras injetadas apresentaram menores valores de a * b * (P < 0,05) que aquelas não-injetadas. A medida que se estendem os períodos de maturação a carne apresentou-se mais escura e com maiores escores de descoloração (P < 0,05). Além disso, a maturação e a exposição continuadas diminuíram (P < 0,05) os valores de a* e b* em ambos os tratamentos de suplementação e injeção. A oxidação lipídica, medida por TBARS, não foi afetada (P > 0,05) pela suplementação com HZ. A injeção de CaCl2 aumentou (P < 0,05) os valores de TBARS. A suplementação dos novilhos com zilpaterol reduziu a maciez das amostras em relação ao grupo não-suplementado. Entretanto a maturação por 14 dias, ou por 7, dias combinada com o tratamento pelo CaCl2 , pode equiparar as médias de maciez objetiva. Na primeira alternativa, o HZ contribuiu para uma maior estabilidade da cor relativamente aos não suplementados, e na segunda, não ocorreu alteração da cor em decorrência do CaCl2 injetado / Abstract: Two studies were conducted to determine the effect of calcium chloride injection on the palatability traits and color stability of steaks from inside round (M. Semimembranosus) of steers supplemented with zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH). In study 1 (palatability), 466 steers were divided into two groups, non-supplemented and supplemented (8.3 mg/kg of ZH in the last 20 days of feedlot). After slaughter and cooling, 39 USDA Select grade carcasses were randomly destined for the test (non-supplemented = 19; ZH = 20). In study 2 (color stability), 20 from 39 carcasses, previously selected, were randomly destined for the test (non- supplemented = 10, ZH = 10). The inside round of both half-carcasses were sent to the laboratory where they were alternately selected to serve as non-injected or injected with calcium chloride (5 % with 200 mM CaCl2 solution). In study 1 it were evaluated the sarcomere length, myofibrillar fragmentation index, instrumental tenderness (shear force by Warner Bratzler - WBSF) and sensory traits of inside round steaks aged up to 28 days. In study 2 it were evaluated the proximate composition, metmyoglobin reducing activity, visual and instrumental color and lipid oxidation (TBARS) of inside round steaks aged up to 21 days followed by exposure in the display for 4 days. In study 1 there is no difference (P > 0.05) in treatments with or without ZH for sarcomere length. Samples of not ZH supplemented animals and injected samples had higher (P < 0.05) myofibrillar fragmentation index, than supplemented and non-injected, respectively. The ZH supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) the losses during aging and cooking. The CaCl2 injection increased (P < 0.05) both losses. The use of ZH increased (P > 0.05) WBSF of inside round steaks aged 7 d, however samples aged 14 d did not differ (P > 0.05). The CaCl2 injection in samples from ZH supplemented steers cancelled (P > 0.05) the difference for WBSF after 7 d of aging and reduced (P < 0.05) WBSF in samples from non-supplemented. The ZH did not affect (P > 0.05) sensory traits of steaks aged 14 and 21 d. Injected samples were more tender (P < 0.05) than non-injected after 14 d aging, however there was no difference (P > 0.05) in steaks aged 21 d for sensory traits. In study 2 ZH steaks were lighter cherry red, had higher L* values, and had lower discoloration scores (P < 0.05). At the end of display, ZH steaks had greater (P < 0.05) a* and b* values than non-supplemented. CaCl2 injection resulted in redder beef color, and increased discoloration scores (P < 0.05) in samples aged 14 and 21 d, however it did not affect color traits on d 7 (P > 0.05). L* values were not affected by CaCl2 (P > 0.05), but at the end of display, injected samples had lower a* and b* values than noninjected samples (P < 0.05). Increasing aging and display time resulted in redder color and greater discoloration scores (P < 0.05). Moreover aging and display time decreased (P < 0.05) a* and b* values from both treatments of the two sources of variation. Lipid oxidation, evaluated by TBARS, was not affected by ZH (P > 0.05). The CaCl2 injection increased (P < 0.05) TBARS values. The ZH supplementation decreased tenderness of inside round steaks, however 14 d aging, or 7 d aging combined with CaCl2 injection, can even objective tenderness means, and in the last one, there is no effect in color traits due to CaCl2 injection, as it happens on d 14 and 21 of aging / Doutorado / Tecnologia de Alimentos / Doutor em Tecnologia de Alimentos

Magister Legum - LLM / The regulation of market abuse is currently an ever evolving subject, to such an extent that it has been placed as a high priority for regulators worldwide.¹ The Financial Markets Act 19 of 2012 (FMA) of South Africa² prohibits improper practices and is aimed at ensuring that market participants operate in a market that is free, safe and fair. In light of the above and as per example, all members of the stock exchange ensure that they accordingly adhere to the aims of the FMA by exercising functions such as due diligence and having a shared goal in embedding the values entrenched in the FMA.³ The purpose of this dissertation is aimed at assessing the key elements of the transformation process that the South African financial markets have embarked on, since the introduction of the FMA. More specifically, the paper aims to focus on the elements in relation to market abuse practices.⁴ The paper seeks to: 1. provide an overview analysis of the current market abuse control enforcement framework in relation to some selected aspects of the financial markets in South Africa. 2. look at the regulation employed in one of the biggest trading products namely, equities and current lacuna, the legislation that governs high frequency trading under these trading products and in general. 3. review whether regulation in South Africa on market abuse practices are robust enough to deal with key market abuse practices such as insider trading and market manipulation that manifested during the recent global financial crisis. 4. provide a comparative review of the current market leaders regulatory mechanisms on market abuse.

This dissertation explores theory with regards to function in architecture. The objective would be to consider the role of any intervention, within its context, in the initial design stages before programmatic conclusions are made. It also investigates the importance of formalizing embedded site narrative as a primary function of any intervention. The final proposal creates a space with an unmistakable sense of place capable of hosting any event on the social calendar of the University, synonymous with student life and the memory thereof. True beauty does not only dwell in the aesthetic appeal of an edifice, but in the presentation of an embedded narrative, giving complex meaning to the whole and driving the creation to be a manifestation of this narrative. An intervention can be absorbed by its own internal programme or generate an urban space that becomes the custodian of the interior. Campus buildings often outlive their programmatic functions due to changing spatial demands and growth. It is therefore necessary for designers to lay emphasis on design strategies that provide interventions with the capacity to sustain their intended functions. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Architecture / unrestricted

Undocumented students in the United States continue to face unique barriers to postsecondary success. One way that community colleges and 4-year institutions are providing support for undocumented students is establishing undocumented student resource centers (USRCs). These emerging identity-based centers are dedicated spaces of support and provide customized, comprehensive resources for undocumented college students. A multipronged theoretical framework that included undocu-competence, the institutionalization process, and critical theory, was used as a lens to examine how USRC professionals and affiliates understand the development, role, and function of a USRC on a California community college campus. Qualitative single case study methods, including in-depth semistructured interviews, observations, and document analysis, were utilized to meet the purpose of the study. The findings revealed three primary themes. First, the institutionalization process of the USRC at the center of this study was complex, imperfect, and ongoing. Second, there are strengths and limitations respective to the USRC's capacity to operationalize support and safety. Finally, the compounded impact of the current socio-political moment cannot be evaded with respect to the USRC's function. Subsequently, three primary points of discussion are explored, including critiquing the process of USRC institutionalization, complicating the notion of safe spaces on campuses, and calling for inside-outside strategies of support in order to best serve undocumented students.

No description available.

In the last 30 years, numerical models have been developed to properly analyze Hall eect thrusters (HET),leading to a bridge between analytical prediction/empirical intuition and experiments. For companies in thespace sector, these codes serve to much more than simply simulating the thruster, but it provides a fast, cheapand reliable tool for processes such as validation and verication procedures, as well as for technical developmentof the thruster. During the testing of the thruster, mostly measurements upstream from the thruster exhaustare obtained since the high density plasma inside the channel disturbs any measurement inside the channel. Thisresults in the company knowing about the output of the thruster performance, but having little knowledge aboutthe processes and behavior of the thruster itself. The purpose of this study is to help reduce the uncertainty,using existing software to eectively analyze and understand HETs. Because of the physical nature of theproblem, HET simulations follow a multi-scale approach where the thruster is divided into two regions: insidechannel/near-plume region and far-plume region. To study each zone dierent softwares are typically used.This thesis aims to nd a common ground between both software, coupling them and creating a line of analysisto follow when studying HETs.The present thesis will focus on the analysis of the famous SPT-100. The design of this work can be divided intotwo: an hybrid-PIC simulation with a software focusing on the inside channel and near-plume region, Hallis; andanother hybrid-PIC simulation regarding the plasma plume expansion performed with SPIS-EP. During thisproject both software were mastered. Hallis is investigated, emphasizing the empirical modelling of the electronanomalous transport inside the thruster and its consequences on the output results. A sensitivity analysis isperformed to obtain a good set of the empirical parameters that drive the overall performance of the thrusterand the plasma behavior. Once a good match persist between Hallis and nominal operating conditions, theoutput is used to construct the input injection distributions needed by the plasma expansion software (SPIS).Finally, the plasma plume is simulated and results are compared to in-house experimental data. In this way,one is able to control and understand the nal output directly from the behavior of the thruster. It is importantto mention that due to condentiality reasons, the testing data cannot be fully shown and sometimes only thetrend can be analyzed.As a results of the analysis, it is found that establishing the coupling between softwares is feasible, but Halliscode needs to include some characteristics to fully take advantage of its potential. It is determined that theion denition followed by Hallis is enough to perfectly dene the ion energy distribution as well as generalperformance parameters of the SPT-100 (thrust, ionization eciency, power...), but the poor electron modelgenerates some deviation in the results. SPIS simulations and comparison with testing data suggest that Hallisoutput is not enough to properly match the experimental measurements, especially regarding the ion angledistribution function. According to Hallis, such distribution is too narrow compared to the observed plasmaplume. This problem is found to be caused by the small simulation domain of Hallis. Hence, although couplingof the software is easy, more functionalities of Hallis would allow for a better study and more accurate results.

No description available.

Studien syftar till att undersöka sambandet om huruvida bolag ökar eller minskar sin utdelning när olika styrelse och VD specifika variabler förändras. Undersökta variabler avser andel kvinnor i styrelsen, styrelsens storlek och styrelsemedlemmars interna aktieinnehav. Med tillämpning av en kvantitativ panelstudie baserad på en deduktiv ansats ämnar studien belysa hur sambanden ser ut för svenska börsnoterade bolag som inkluderas i OMXS30 under åren2009–2021. Genom ordinal probit regressioner kommer studiens empiriska resultat jämföras mot ett teoretiskt ramverk i syfte att förkasta eller bekräfta studiens hypoteser. Det teoretiska ramverket består av irrelevansteorin, agentteorin och Lintners utdelningspolicy.Resultatet finner skiftande stöd i studiens teoretiska ramverk. Andelen kvinnor uppvisar ett negativt samband, vilket står i kontrast till övervägande del av teorier och tidigare forskning. Styrelsens storlek uppvisar ett positivt samband gentemot utdelningsförändring, vilket går i linje med tidigare forskning. För internt innehav som förväntas vara negativt, återfinns ett svagt negativt samband för värdet på aktieinnehav för VD och styrelseordförande. Styrelseledamöternas aktieinnehav uppvisar i motsats ett positivt samband och styrka innehav visar ingen riktning i sitt samband. / The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between companies’ decision to increase or decrease their dividend and changes in board and CEO specific variables. The specificvariables refer to the proportion of women on the board, the size of the board and the internal shareholding of the board. Using a quantitative panel study with a deductive approach, the study explores this relationship by looking at companies included in the stock market indexOMXS30 during the years 2009–2021. The empirical results are compared against a theoretical framework to reject or confirm the study's hypotheses using ordinal probit regressions. The theoretical framework consists of the irrelevance theory, the agency theory and Lintner's dividend policy.The results show varied support in the theoretical framework. The proportion of women shows a negative relationship, which is inconsistent with most theories and previous research. The size of the board shows a positive relationship to dividend change, which is in line with previous research. For internal holdings, which are expected to be negative, a weak negative correlation is found for the value of shareholdings with the CEO and chairman of the board. In contrast, the board members' shareholdings show a positive relationship and strength holdings show no direction in their relationship.