The purpose with this essay was to study the knowledge of children today between six and eight years old about the human body and its function. A second purpose was to study how junior-level educationalist were carrying through there tuition about the human body. I wanted to investigate if the children today hade another knowledge about the human body than children that participated in previous similar investigations. I wanted to investigate this because today we live in another society than before with  more access to information. My first question was to find out what children thought that we humans looked like inside the body and how its works. My second question was how junior-level educationalist do carry out  their tuition. Ten children and tree junior-level educationalist participated in qualitative interviews, interviewed one by one. During the interviews the children were given a picture with a contour of the human body where they could fill in different organ. The most common organs that the children painted on their pictures of the human body where brain, heart, stomach, skeleton and lungs. The children also had some knowledge about the different organs like the skeletons function was to make the body hard, the hearts function was to pump the blood around in our body, the brain control the whole body and the stomach purpose was to take care of the food we eat. The educationalist replied that they used a lot of concrete material and they tried to have miscellaneous tuition. The result of this study is that the children today don’t have so much more knowledge of the human body than children that have been interview in older days. The result also showed that the way the educationalist were teaching hade a positive influents on the students learning. / Syftet med undersökningen var att se vad barn mellan sex och åtta års ålder idag hade för tankar om hur vi människor ser ut inuti vår kropp och hur det fungerar inuti oss men också att undersöka hur lågstadiepedagoger går tillväga vid undervisningen om människokroppen. Jag ville undersöka om barnen idag hade mer kunskap om människokroppen än de barn som ingått i liknande studier tidigare, eftersom vi idag lever i ett informationssamhälle. Min första frågeställning blev att ta reda på barnens tankar om människokroppens inre och hur det fungerar inuti oss. Min andra frågeställning blev hur lågstadiepedagoger gick tillväga med sin undervisning om människokroppen. Tio barn och tre lågstadiepedagoger har medverkat i kvalitativa intervjuer där de intervjuades en och en. Under intervjutillfällena fick barnen en bild med människokroppens kontur för att fylla i olika organ. De vanligaste organen som barnen ritade var hjärna, hjärta, magsäck, skelett och lungorna. Barnen berättade också bl.a. att skelettets funktion var att göra kroppen hård, hjärtat pumpade runt blod i kroppen, hjärnan styrde kroppen, magen tog hand om vår mat. Pedagogerna svarade att de använde mycket konkret material och att de försökte ha en så varierad undervisning som möjligt. Resultatet från denna studie visade att barnen idag inte har så mycket mer kunskap än de barn som ingått i liknande studier från förr. Resultatet visade också att det sätt pedagogerna undervisade på hade en positiv inverkan på elevernas lärande.

This study was conducted to determine the survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium in marinade that was used to vacuum tumble beef inside skirts and beef tri-tip roasts. The depth of penetration of each microorganism into the individual meat products, and the survival of these microorganisms in the products as well as marinade stored over time were evaluated. Two commercial marinades were used, Reo TAMU Fajita Marinade and Legg's Cajun Style Marinade. Eighteen beef inside skirts and 18 tri-tips were used during this study. Both inside skirts and tri-tips were vacuum tumbled for a total of 1 h. Samples of products were tested immediately following tumbling (day 0), or were vacuum packaged and stored in the cooler (approximately 2 degrees C) to be tested 7 and 14 days following tumbling. Samples of the spent marinade were taken and tested initially following tumbling (day 0), and were also stored in a cooler and tested 3 and 7 days after the marinade was used. The results of the study showed that with both marinades S. Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 penetrated throughout the skirt meat. After having been stored for 7 days following tumbling, the log value of both S. Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 decreased in the meat. After 14 days of storage following tumbling, the log value of both S. Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 continued to decrease; however, both pathogens were still detectable. The penetration of the pathogens in the tri-tip roast varied depending on the thickness of the roast. The thicker roasts had undetectable levels of both pathogens in the geometric center; however, the thinner tri-tip roasts had detectable levels at the geometric center. The spent marinade tested on day 0, 3, and 7 showed that the microorganisms were able to survive in the marinade at refrigerated temperatures. The results of this study demonstrated that pathogens may penetrate into the interior of beef skirts and tri-tips during vacuum tumbling with contaminated marinade, and that pathogens survive during refrigerated storage of spent marinade. Industry should consider these data when evaluating potential food safety risks associated with the production of vacuum tumbling beef products.

The purpose of this dissertation is to build and test a model that integrates the marketing, management, and psychological literature with respect to organizational climate variables and their direct and indirect impact on salesperson psychological and behavioral outcomes, as well as one that answers the overarching research question of how organizational climate variables impact salesperson psychological and behavioral work outcomes. Data were collected during the time period from April 2006 until May 2006. Three hundred survey invitations were sent via e-mail to salespeople at three organizations. The participating organizations included a privately owned publishing firm located in the southeastern United States, a large privately owned Internet recruiting firm located in the upper Midwest, and a publicly traded worldwide financial information reporting firm. In total, 251 responses were gathered yielding an overall response rate for the study of 83.6%. Generally, the results from this analysis confirm the research questions that climate variables such as perceived organizational support, ethical climate, and trust do positively impact salesperson psychological and behavioral outcomes. Managerial implications and directions for future research are also offered.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamos personalo valdymo problemos Lietuvos pramonės įmonėse: tarpusavio santykiai, profesionalumo ir kvalifikacijos kėlimas, motyvacija, etiketas bei nuobaudos ir pagyrimai. Darbe pateikiama susisteminta mokslinės literatūros apžvalga. Atlikta septynių, skirtingų įmonių pagal specializaciją personalo valdymo analizė bei anketinė personalo apklausa. Pateikiami apklausos rezultatai ir įmonių situacijos įvertinimai, kurie leidžia suformuluoti pagrindines Lietuvos pramonės įmonių personalo valdymo problemas. Pagrindinė personalo valdymo problema – tai konfliktas tarp pavaldinio ir vadovo; vadovo autoriteto netekimas bei nemokumas spręsti problemas. Jai spręsti siūloma naudoti personalo valdymo problemų sprendimo modelį, kuris iš esmės leis atnaujinti personalo valdymo srities darbą, užtikrins personalo valdymo problemų efektyvų sprendimą ir suteiks galimybių gauti pavaldinių palaikymą. Darbo apimtis: 110 psl. teksto be priedų; 34 iliustracijos; 1 lentelė. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai. / In the final master‘s work personnel problems of Lithuanian industrial companies are analyzed. The main topics are inner relationships, improvement of staff qualification and professional skills, motivation, etiquette, punishments and compliments. Systemized review of analyzed literature is given. The analyses of personnel management in seven different specialization companies as well as employees interviews have been carried. Both results of the interviews and companies’ evaluations form the clear view of the problems of personnel management in Lithuanian industrial companies. The main problem of personnel management is a conflict between an employee and his boss, the loss of authority power as well as inability to solve problems. As a solution the renewed and improved model of personnel management is offered, it would warrant not only quick response to the problems, but also effective solutions that will ensure employees’ support. Volume: 110 pages of text; 34 pictures; 1 chart. Additions are given separately.

The scope of this study focuses on the concept of In Between with the intention of creating a space of transition and connection between inside and outside, and the simultaneous perception of the two environments. This study will explore the idea of the In Between within the context of a proposed student garden for Edmonton Clinic North, located within the University of Alberta campus in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The intention is to present a design idea that responds to transitioning from one environment to the other as well as exploring opportunities in creating a place that creates the sense of In Between. The concepts of inside | outside, materiality and precedents are researched and analyzed to inform the understanding of the In Between. This research will contribute to the schematic design of the site that exhibits the sense of In Between.

The scope of this study focuses on the concept of In Between with the intention of creating a space of transition and connection between inside and outside, and the simultaneous perception of the two environments. This study will explore the idea of the In Between within the context of a proposed student garden for Edmonton Clinic North, located within the University of Alberta campus in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The intention is to present a design idea that responds to transitioning from one environment to the other as well as exploring opportunities in creating a place that creates the sense of In Between. The concepts of inside | outside, materiality and precedents are researched and analyzed to inform the understanding of the In Between. This research will contribute to the schematic design of the site that exhibits the sense of In Between.

abstract: The prison classroom offers a transformative educational opportunity for incarcerated and non-incarcerated students alike. The current study uses place-conscious educational theories and the intergroup contact theory to examine how a prison education program can offer deeply impactful experiences for students. Using a pre/post-intervention survey design, this thesis analyzes differences in attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions about crime and criminal justice between and within groups of incarcerated (n=24) and university (n=20) students participating in two semester-long prison-based criminal justice courses in Arizona. Results show that prior to participating in the Inside-Out Prison Exchange programs, inside students had less favorable views about the criminal justice system compared to outside students, and outside students had less favorable attitudes about people who are incarcerated. Throughout the course, positive attitudes toward the criminal justice system increased for inside students and positive attitudes about incarcerated people increased among outside students, such that at the end of the course, the differences in attitudes between the two groups were no longer significant. Additionally, outside students’ punitive attitudes decreased throughout their participation in the course. Overall, the magnitude of the changes experienced by each student group were different, such that outside students experienced more significant changes in attitudes and beliefs about crime and criminal justice than did inside students. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Criminology and Criminal Justice 2018

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2017-11-14T17:07:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACÃO - Versão Final- Imprimir.pdf: 1148145 bytes, checksum: 273b6a3db1cc58725697509b935acfd0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-14T17:07:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACÃO - Versão Final- Imprimir.pdf: 1148145 bytes, checksum: 273b6a3db1cc58725697509b935acfd0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / O fenômeno da violência vem sendo cada vez mais debatido no Brasil como um problema que tem preocupado a maioria da população nas últimas décadas. Trata-se de um fenômeno difuso que se dissemina em todas as sociedades e seus efeitos se expressam nos diversos espaços, e a escola como uma instituição inserida na sociedade, não está isenta dessas práticas. Uma das formas de violência que é específica do ambiente escolar e ganha contornos singulares no âmbito desse espaço envolvendo, principalmente, crianças e adolescentes e que atualmente vem sendo estudado com maior intensidade no meio acadêmico brasileiro, é o bullying. Diante desse quadro, a pesquisa ora apresentada busca analisar as representações de violência entre os alunos que os professores constroem no interior desse espaço. O nosso universo de análise empírica corresponde a duas escolas da rede pública de ensino localizadas em bairros distintos da cidade de Campina Grande-PB, uma situada em área considerada periférica localizada na zona oeste; e a outra encontra-se nas proximidades do centro da cidade. Os sujeitos selecionados para contribuir com nossa pesquisa foram os professores que lecionam no ensino fundamental do 6º ao 8º ano nos turnos matutino e vespertino. Metodologicamente, empregamos a análise qualitativa por meio da prática etnográfica, mediante observações minuciosas no cotidiano das escolas. Tal técnica, permitiu um contato direto com o campo de pesquisa, possibilitando a interação entre o pesquisador e os sujeitos pesquisado. Paralelamente realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 docentes das respectivas escolas, versando sobre a concepção desses em relação à violência escolar, como agem diante das ocorrências de bullying no interior da escola e o que tem sido feito para contribuir com eventuais mudanças nas práticas dessa violência. / The phenomenon of violence has been increasingly debated in Brazil as a problem that has worried the majority of the population in recent decades. This is a widespread phenomenon that spreads in all societies and their effects are expressed in different areas, and the school as an institution embedded in society, is not exempt from these practices. One of the forms of violence that is specific to the school environment and takes unique contours within this space involving mainly children and adolescents and is currently being studied more intensively in the Brazilian academic, is bullying. Given this situation, the research presented here aims to analyze the representations of violence among students that the teachers build about this situation. Our empirical analysis of the universe corresponds to two schools in the public school system located in different neighborhoods of the city of Campina Grande-PB, one located in an area considered peripheral located in the west; and the other is located near the downtown city. The subjects selected to contribute to our research were the teachers who teach in elementary school from 6th to 8th grade in the morning and afternoon shifts. Methodologically, we used the qualitative analysis through ethnographic practice through detailed observations in primary education schools. This technique allowed direct contact with the search field, allowing the interaction between the researcher and the researched subject. At the same time we conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 teachers of the respective schools, dealing with the design of these in relation to school violence, how they act in the face of bullying incidents in the school and what has been done to contribute to any changes in practice such violence.

M.A. (English) / This dissertation aims to examine the nature of the unique creative response to the prison experience. Different modes of artistic expression will be analyzed to show that there is no single literary response to incarceration, and to demonstrate the truth of Oscar Wilde's assertion that "technique is really personality".' To this end, autobiographical and existential elements inherent in selected prison writings will be the main focus of this study, since the concern of both the autobiographer and the existential philosopher is with the dynamic, emergent personality. The totalizing prison situation is totalitarian in essence, since this kind of prison regime assumes responsibility for all aspects of the imprisoned human being, its aim being to annihilate the individual self. In the face of this threat, a human being often feels the need to assert his humanity and selfhood. The creative response can provide a means of reinstating the self. The autobiographer, who concentrates upon the 'becoming' self, must needs be a philosopher, existential in essence, in the search for the 'autos', the self, in relation to the 'bios', one's life. This is realized through 'graphe', language, which enables the writer to probe his/her depths and order his/her disparate experiences into some kind of balance, merging past and present. The fragmented world of the prisoner particularly lends itself to creative expression as the writer attempts to impose some order upon his/her broken life.

Si l’Open Innovation a fait l’objet de nombreux travaux soulignant la pertinence de ce modèle pour la recherche et la pratique, nous disposons d’une compréhension limitée de ce que signifie l’ouverture, des différentes formes qu’elle peut prendre et des processus de sa mise en œuvre, en particulier les processus inside-out et couplé.La présente recherche doctorale, située à l’intersection des recherches sur le management stratégique des brevets et celles sur le modèle de l’Open Innovation, est dédiée à l’étude des pratiques de licensing, considéré comme le principal mécanisme d’ouverture. Elle est menée sous la forme d’une thèse sur travaux consacrés aux logiques stratégiques et aux capacités organisationnelles du licensing dans les deux processus inside-out et couplé. Ces travaux mobilisent différentes perspectives théoriques (capacités organisationnelles, coopétition, écosystème) et s’appuient sur un design qualitatif pour répondre individuellement à des questions spécifiques dérivées d’une problématique générale. L’analyse transversale et la mise en perspective des résultats de ces travaux permettent de combler les limites des travaux existants et d’enrichir la littérature sur le modèle de l’Open Innovation. Plus précisément, les résultats permettent de: a) clarifier la notion d’ouverture, b) dépasser la conception dyadique et collaborative de l’Open Innovation, b) mettre en évidence de nouvelles logiques stratégiques du licensing dans les processus inside-out et couplé et c) de comprendre les modes d’interactions et dynamiques sous-jacentes aux capacités d’absorption et de désorption, ainsi que l’origine de cette dernière. / While much research defend the relevance of the Open Innovation model for both research and practice, we know surprisingly little about the meaning of openness, the various forms it can take and its implementation processes, in particular the two processes known as ‘inside-out’ and ‘coupled’. This dissertation aims to fill these gaps through four essays. It binds researches on patent strategic management with those on the Open Innovation Model and analyzes the practices of licensing viewed as the main mechanism of openness. The essays address the strategic motivations and organizational capacities of licensing in the inside-out and coupled processes. They draw on various theoretical perspectives (ecosystem, coopetition, organizational capacities) and use a qualitative design to individually tackle specific issues derived from the general problematic. The transversal analysis of the results of these essays fills the gaps of existing works and contributes to the literature on Open Innovation model. More precisely, the results clarify the meaning of openness; overtake the dyadic and collaborative view of open innovation; highlight new strategic logics of licensing in the inside-out and coupled processes; and improve the understanding of desorptive capacity by disentangling its microfoundations and origin as well as its articulation with absorptive capacity.