The concept of a circular economy (CE) has recently gained attention within the field of corporate sustainability, including the textile sector. Although CE-related literature often mentions actors from the outdoor sporting goods industry (OSGI) as forerunners, an analysis of their CE implementation is missing. Thus, in this paper, we attempt to identify the structure of the current state of CE activities in this field. To develop the study, we used a qualitative methodology through content analysis of documents as well as expert interviews, taking an institutional theory (IT) view to support that analysis. Our findings indicate that many outdoor brands and retailers are engaged in practices related to the CE and that homogeneity among these practices varies between moderate to high. Thus, we assume that processes of institutional isomorphism are in place and that there will be increasingly uniform CE practices in the OSGI in the future. Our study not only contributes to a more organised understanding of the diverse CE playing field, as it adds an industry-specific perspective to the literature, but it also helps managers to draw practical implications.

Submitted by Rosangela Silva (rosangela.silva3@unioeste.br) on 2018-02-23T12:10:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Edilaine Lovatto Donato_PPGA.pdf: 3153695 bytes, checksum: 58d0fde17f3f2ec1ad612261c3ae13b1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-23T12:10:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Edilaine Lovatto Donato_PPGA.pdf: 3153695 bytes, checksum: 58d0fde17f3f2ec1ad612261c3ae13b1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-02 / This study aims to verify the influence of institutional isomorphism on Intellectual Capital in the areas of Administration and Planning of federal public universities, based on the perception of its managers. In the scope of university management, the Administration and Planning units play an important role, since the results of their activities influence all other areas of the uni- versities. In this context, the measurement of Intellectual Capital (IC) and its components (Hu- man, Structural and Relational Capital) enables strategies to be established, with attention to critical factors and positive increment, allowing the available resources to be exploited and generate value to the university. Understanding the effects of institutional isomorphism on prac- tices and behaviors also enables these effects to be managed in favor of universities. The liter- ature review was developed from the concepts of Bontis (1998, 1999) and Dias (2015) for the measurement of Intellectual Capital; And the concepts of DiMaggio and Powell (1983) for in- stitutional isomorphism and its coercive, mimetic, and normative origins. It is characterized as descriptive, performed through a survey or survey, with quantitative approach to the problem and data analysis through descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling (PLS). The research universe encompassed all the Brazilian federal public universities, with a probabilistic sample and by adhesion. The data collection was carried out by the application of a question- naire directed to the maximum managers (Pro-Rectors) of the units and counted on the partici- pation of 44 universities, which represents 70% of the universe surveyed. The results confirm the findings of previous investigations and reinforce that there is a positive and significant re- lationship between the components of Intellectual Capital. As for the effects of isomorphism on the IC components, the results showed that coercive isomorphism influences Relational Cap- ital, and normative isomorphism influences Human Capital, both with positive and statistically significant results. In addition, based on the measurement of the Intellectual Capital of the Ad- ministration and Planning units, a general overview was created, presenting the results of the participating universities, to establish reference values and make comparisons possible. It is concluded that the measurement of Intellectual Capital available in the Administration and Planning units is important so that these resources can be managed and increased, and thus contribute to the improvement of the management and training of the Intellectual Capital of these units, which is reflected, therefore, in the performance and results of the entire university. For future research, it is suggested to carry out studies in the areas of finalist activities, to in- crease the knowledge about Intellectual Capital and to enable its management, as well as to understand the effects of external influences on the whole university. / Esta pesquisa objetiva verificar a influência do isomorfismo institucional no Capital Intelectual nas áreas de Administração e Planejamento de universidades públicas federais, a partir da percepção de seus gestores. No âmbito da gestão universitária, as unidades de Administração e Planejamento possuem um importante papel, uma vez que o resultado de suas atividades influencia todas as demais áreas das universidades. Nesse contexto, a mensuração do Capital Intelectual (CI) e de seus componentes (Capital Humano, Estrutural e Relacional) possibilita que estratégias sejam estabelecidas, com atenção aos fatores críticos e incremento positivo, permitindo que os recursos disponíveis sejam aproveitados e gerem valor à universidade. Compreender os efeitos do isomorfismo institucional que atuam sobre as práticas e comportamentos também possibilita que esses efeitos sejam geridos em favor das universidades. A revisão da literatura foi desenvolvida a partir dos conceitos de Bontis (1998; 1999) e Dias (2015) para mensuração do Capital Intelectual; e dos conceitos de DiMaggio e Powell (1983) para o isomorfismo institucional e suas origens coercitiva, mimética e normativa. Caracteriza- se como descritiva, realizada por meio de levantamento ou survey, com abordagem quantitativa do problema e análise de dados por meio de estatística descritiva e Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (PLS). O universo de pesquisa contemplou todas as universidades públicas federais brasileiras, com amostra probabilística e por adesão. O levantamento de dados foi realizado pela aplicação de questionário direcionado aos gestores máximos (Pró-Reitores) das unidades e contou com a participação de 44 universidades, o que representa 70% do universo pesquisado. Os resultados confirmam os achados de investigações anteriores e reforçam que existe relação com efeito positivo e significativo entre os componentes do Capital Intelectual. Quanto aos efeitos do isomorfismo sobre os componentes do CI, os resultados mostraram que isomorfismo coercitivo influencia o Capital Relacional, e o isomorfismo normativo influencia o Capital Humano, ambos com resultados positivos e estatisticamente significativos. Além disso, a partir da mensuração do Capital Intelectual das unidades de Administração e Planejamento, formou- se um panorama geral, com a apresentação dos resultados das universidades participantes, a fim de estabelecer valores de referência e possibilitar comparações. Conclui-se pela relevância da mensuração do Capital Intelectual disponível nas unidades de Administração e Planejamento, para que esses recursos possam ser geridos e incrementados, e assim contribuir para a melhoria da gestão e formação do Capital Intelectual dessas unidades, que se reflete, por consequência, no desempenho e resultados de toda a universidade. Para pesquisas futuras, sugere-se a realização de estudos nas áreas de atividades finalísticas, a fim de ampliar o conhecimento sobre Capital Intelectual e possibilitar sua gestão, bem como compreender os efeitos de influências externas sobre toda a universidade.

No description available.

Ämnet som denna studie behandlar är nyanländas integrering i det svenska samhället. Det framställs ett samhälleligt problem som teorier konkluderar är en följd av ett organisatoriskt problem bland de involverade parterna inom etableringsreformen. Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera hur de samverkande myndigheterna och kommunerna arbetar för att påverka nyanländas integrering och etablering i samhället, samt huruvida användningen av starkare styrmedel skulle påvisa sig bidra till en effektiv integrering av nyanlända. Två utvalda kommuner och samtliga myndigheter, förutom Migrationsverket, har intervjuats för att besvara på uppsatsens frågeställningar. Resultatet pekar på en god samverkan mellan parterna samtidigt som det även förekommer otydlighet kring ansvarsfördelning och arbetsuppgifter. Med tidigare erfarenheter som utgångspunkt kan det hävdas att det finns en stor sannolikhet att starkare styrmedel skulle kunna vara en effektiv åtgärd i att integrera nyanlända genom att förhindra att en stor andel nyanlända flyttar till segregerade områden där det inte råder goda förutsättningar för integration. / The following study deals with the integration of new arrivals in Sweden. A societal problem is depicted which theories conclude is the result of an organizational problem among the partners in the establishment reform. The purpose of this essay is to study how the collaborating authorities and municipalities work together to influence the integration and establishment of new arrivals and also whether the use of more forceful means of actions would prove to contribute to an effective integration of newcomers. Two designated municipalities and all administrative authorities, with the exception of the Swedish Migration Agency, were interviewed to answer the essay questions. The results point towards a good cooperation between the parties; however, a lack of clarity of the partners' responsibilities and duties has been found. With previous experiences as a basis it can be argued that there is a high probability that the usage of more forceful means of actions could be an effective means of integrating newcomers by preventing large proportions from moving to segregated areas, where poor conditions for integration is prevalent. The study is written in Swedish.

O presente estudo visa a identificar os fatores institucionais que influenciaram a adoção de um Centro de Serviços Compartilhados em uma unidade organizacional de uma empresa brasileira pertencente ao setor de tabaco, tendendo a inibir, favorecer ou condicionar sua implementação. Tendo como elementos metodológicos predominantes a abordagem descritiva, qualitativa e o estudo de caso, a presente pesquisa busca embasamento teórico nas concepções da Nova Sociologia Institucional e na literatura disponível sobre serviços compartilhados a fim de averiguar os tipos de motivações predominantes para a adoção do CSC, sejam elas relacionadas à procura por eficiência ou legitimidade. Este trabalho também objetiva identificar os tipos de pressões institucionais presentes e predominantes na ocasião da adoção do CSC, verificar a presença ou não de decoupling e investigar se esses fatores inibem, favorecem ou, de alguma forma, condicionam a implementação do CSC. Os resultados demonstram que a busca por legitimidade é a motivação predominante na primeira fase de transição ao CSC, sendo que, na segunda fase, destaca-se a exigência de eficiência. Predominam as pressões institucionais miméticas na ocasião da adoção e as pressões coercitivas são interpretadas de forma positiva pelos gestores e colaboradores; não há decoupling; e, por fim, os achados demonstram que tais fatores favorecem a implementação do CSC. / This study aims to identify the institutional factors influencing the adoption of a Shared Services Center in an organizational unit of a Brazilian company belonging to the tobacco industry, which tended to inhibit, promote or constrain its implementation. With the methodological elements prevailing the descriptive and qualitative approach and the case study, this research seeks theoretical foundation in the concepts of the New Institutional Sociology and in the available literature on shared services in order to investigate the predominant types of motivations for the adoption of the SSC, whether related to the search for efficiency or legitimacy. This study also intends to identify the types of prevailing institutional pressures at the time of adoption of the SSC, verify the presence or absence of decoupling and investigate whether these factors inhibit, promote or somehow condition the implementation of SSC. The results demonstrate that the search for legitimacy is the predominant reason in the first stage of transition to the shared services model, while in the second one, it stands out the requirement of efficiency. Mimetic institutional pressures are prevalent at the time of adoption and coercive pressures are interpreted positively by managers and employees; there is not decoupling; and finally, the findings demonstrate that such factors favor the implementation of the SSC.

Submitted by Raul Loiola Coêlho Dias (raul.dias@catolica.edu.br) on 2017-08-09T15:13:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Raul_Dias_Dissertação.pdf: 6743011 bytes, checksum: 0f13509f10aa8aeff063c04b4bc29322 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2017-08-10T13:07:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Raul_Dias_Dissertação.pdf: 6743011 bytes, checksum: 0f13509f10aa8aeff063c04b4bc29322 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-18T20:08:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raul_Dias_Dissertação.pdf: 6743011 bytes, checksum: 0f13509f10aa8aeff063c04b4bc29322 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-07 / Este estudo tem como objetivo central identificar como ocorreu o processo de institucionalização do campo organizacional da pecuária bovina do município de Bacabal – MA. Para tal se utiliza preceitos provenientes da Teoria Institucional como base teórica estruturante do presente estudo. Dentro do vasto aparato da Teoria Institucional, este trabalho aborda as perspectivas de: (i) campo organizacional; (ii) o processo de estruturação/institucionalização de campos organizacionais; e (iii) isomorfismo institucional. No que tange o percurso metodológico, a coleta de dados foi realizada, principalmente, por meio de revisão de estudos acadêmicos reconhecidos nacionalmente e internacionalmente, entrevistas semiestruturadas com pecuaristas e outros atores envolvidos no campo organizacional e observações participantes. A análise dos dados, por sua vez, tem como base a análise de conteúdo e a utilização de fragmentos textuais derivados das entrevistas para a construção dos resultados do estudo. Por fim, este estudo identifica que o campo organizacional da pecuária bovina de Bacabal – MA foi estruturado a partir da herança dos ciclos do algodão e do arroz predominantes na região dos anos 1920 até meados dos anos 1950. Com o fim dos respectivos ciclos, a região foi dominada pela agricultura de subsistência até os anos 1960. Com a migração de famílias fugitivas das secas de vários estados do Nordeste houve o fenômeno denominado êxodo rural e, desta forma, esses imigrantes iniciaram a cultivar bovinos na região. Com isso, entre os anos 1960 houve a observação de um campo em pré-formação; na década de 1970 o campo organizacional foi caracterizado como campo emergente, entre os anos 1980 e 1990 houve a expansão do campo e, por fim, a partir de 2000 o campo organizacional objeto deste estudo se transformou em um campo organizacional quase totalmente institucionalizado. O fator que justifica a institucionalização quase completa do campo organizacional é a existência de dois mapas de relacionamentos entre atores do campo organizacional distintos. O mapa de relacionamentos baseado no modelo do ator racional apresenta 13 grupos de atores e 68 subgrupos de atores; enquanto o modelo do ator institucional foi caracterizado com 10 grupos e 52 subgrupos de atores. Tal observação expõe que um grupo de atores que, em teoria, compartilham valores e atuam diretamente no campo; na prática, não os faz. Com isso, não há a institucionalização completa de um campo organizacional caso todos os atores atuantes não estejam compartilhando os mesmos valores e atuando coletivamente. Adicionalmente, neste estudo foram identificados 80 processos isomórficos praticados no campo organizacional. Com origens e finalidades diversas, os presentes processos isomórficos são de caráter normativo, coercitivo e/ou miméticos. Este trabalho ainda identifica a ação de Empreendedores Institucionais em dois períodos temporais distintos dentro do campo organizacional e o perfil organizacional do campo organizacional da pecuária bovina de Bacabal – MA. Desta forma, este trabalho se apresenta como um diferencial para o futuro da pecuária bovina do município. As mudanças organizacionais, a melhoria no relacionamento entre os atores do campo, a possibilidade de incrementar a gestão de pessoas, da qualidade e dos processos; são algumas das contribuições desse trabalho. / The main objective of this study is to identify how the institutionalization process of the bovine livestock organizational field in the city of Bacabal - MA occurred. For this purpose, this study uses precepts from the Institutional Theory as the theoretical framework structuring the present study. Within the vast apparatus of the Institutional Theory, this paper approaches the perspectives of: (i) organizational field; (Ii) the process of structuring/institutionalizing of organizational fields; and (iii) institutional isomorphism. Regarding methodological trajectory, data collection was mainly performed through a review of nationally and internationally recognized academic studies, semi-structured interviews with producers and other actors involved in the organizational field and field notes. Data analysis, in turn, is based on content analysis and the use of textual fragments derived from the interviews to construct this study’s results. Finally, this study identifies that the bovine livestock organizational field of Bacabal - MA was structured from the inheritance of the predominant cotton and rice cycles in the region from the 1920s to the mid 1950s. As these economic cycles ended, the region was dominated by subsistence agriculture until the 1960s. With the migration of refugee families from the droughts of several Northeastern states, there was a phenomenon called rural exodus and, as a result, these immigrants began to grow bovines in the region. With this, during the years of 1960 there was the observation of a field in pre-formation; in the 1970s the organizational field was characterized as an emergent field, between the 1980s and the 1990s there was expansion of the field and, finally, from years of 2000 onwards the organizational field of this study turned into an almost totally institutionalized organizational field. The factor that justifies the almost complete institutionalization of the organizational field is the existence of two different relationship maps of relationships among the organizational field actors. The relationship map based on the rational actor model presents 13 groups of actors and 68 subgroups of actors; while the institutional actor model was characterized by 10 groups and 52 subgroups of actors. Such observation exposes that a group of actors who, in theory, shares values and acts directly in the field; in practice, it does not. Thus, there is no complete institutionalization of an organizational field if all the actors involved are not sharing the same values and acting collectively. Additionally, in this study, we identified 80 isomorphic processes practiced in the organizational field. With diverse origins and purposes, the present isomorphic processes are of normative character (in which there is homogenization of practices through the qualification of the workforce involved in the organizational field); coercive (the imitation of processes developed in the field by laws or social pressures); and/or mimetics (mirroring practices developed from uncertainties). This work also identifies the action of Institutional Entrepreneurs in two distinct temporal periods within the organizational field and the organizational profile of the bovine livestock organizational field of Bacabal - MA. Thus, this work presents itself as a differential for the future of the bovine livestock production of the city. Organizational changes, improvement in the relationship between actors in the field, the possibility of developing human resources, quality and processes management; are some of the contributions of this study.

O presente estudo visa a identificar os fatores institucionais que influenciaram a adoção de um Centro de Serviços Compartilhados em uma unidade organizacional de uma empresa brasileira pertencente ao setor de tabaco, tendendo a inibir, favorecer ou condicionar sua implementação. Tendo como elementos metodológicos predominantes a abordagem descritiva, qualitativa e o estudo de caso, a presente pesquisa busca embasamento teórico nas concepções da Nova Sociologia Institucional e na literatura disponível sobre serviços compartilhados a fim de averiguar os tipos de motivações predominantes para a adoção do CSC, sejam elas relacionadas à procura por eficiência ou legitimidade. Este trabalho também objetiva identificar os tipos de pressões institucionais presentes e predominantes na ocasião da adoção do CSC, verificar a presença ou não de decoupling e investigar se esses fatores inibem, favorecem ou, de alguma forma, condicionam a implementação do CSC. Os resultados demonstram que a busca por legitimidade é a motivação predominante na primeira fase de transição ao CSC, sendo que, na segunda fase, destaca-se a exigência de eficiência. Predominam as pressões institucionais miméticas na ocasião da adoção e as pressões coercitivas são interpretadas de forma positiva pelos gestores e colaboradores; não há decoupling; e, por fim, os achados demonstram que tais fatores favorecem a implementação do CSC. / This study aims to identify the institutional factors influencing the adoption of a Shared Services Center in an organizational unit of a Brazilian company belonging to the tobacco industry, which tended to inhibit, promote or constrain its implementation. With the methodological elements prevailing the descriptive and qualitative approach and the case study, this research seeks theoretical foundation in the concepts of the New Institutional Sociology and in the available literature on shared services in order to investigate the predominant types of motivations for the adoption of the SSC, whether related to the search for efficiency or legitimacy. This study also intends to identify the types of prevailing institutional pressures at the time of adoption of the SSC, verify the presence or absence of decoupling and investigate whether these factors inhibit, promote or somehow condition the implementation of SSC. The results demonstrate that the search for legitimacy is the predominant reason in the first stage of transition to the shared services model, while in the second one, it stands out the requirement of efficiency. Mimetic institutional pressures are prevalent at the time of adoption and coercive pressures are interpreted positively by managers and employees; there is not decoupling; and finally, the findings demonstrate that such factors favor the implementation of the SSC.

Die Dissertation beleuchtet das Marketingphänomen der Industrie Commoditisierung aus einer Managementperspektive. Auf Basis einer umfassenden Literaturauswertung erfolgte die Neu-Operationalisierung verschiedener Isomorphismus-Formen aus der Institutionellen Theorie, die als Einflussfaktoren der Industrie-Commoditisierung in die Untersuchung eingehen. Anknüpfend wurden theoretische Ansätze zur Erklärung des Effekts der Industrie-Commoditisierung auf die Wirtschaftliche Performance sowie mögliche Differenzierungsstrategien zur Bekämpfung dieses Effekts diskutiert. Zur Überprüfung des Untersuchungsmodells und der Hypothesen wurde eine standardisierte Online-Befragung durchgeführt. Die Datenauswertung mittels Kausalanalyse zeigte, dass der Institutionelle Isomorphismus, der Normative Isomorphismus und der Mimetische Isomorphismus positiv auf die Industrie-Commoditisierung wirken. Gleichzeitig wirkt sich die Industrie-Commoditisierung negativ auf die Wirtschaftliche Performance eines Unternehmens aus. Dabei ist der negative Effekt schwächer ausgeprägt, wenn Unternehmen Differenzierungsstrategien verfolgen – insbesondere eine Differenzierung über die Unternehmensmarke und/oder den Preis.

This study focuses on the factors influencing the diffusion of FinTech in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, analysing both financial institutions and technology companies. The research acknowledges the challenges associated with the spread of FinTech and aims to address these issues. The research employs Institutional Theory. To achieve comprehensive insights, a qualitative technique is employed. The initial phase involves an extensive literature review to understand FinTech and identify gaps in academic research. Subsequently, the impact of PESTEL factors is highlighted based on the literature. In the third stage, semi-structured interviews are conducted with 25 participants, representing three to four individuals per country. The Thematic Analysis approach is employed to analyse the interview data. The study's findings reveal that several factors significantly influence the adoption of FinTech services as a preferred transaction method. Perceived utility, security, and social impact concerns are identified as drivers of behavioural intentions. Additionally, the technical attributes and ease of use of digital tools impact behavioural patterns. Furthermore, the innovation and technical features embedded within FinTech products and services contribute to their diffusion and acceptance. The research has practical implications for both academia and practitioners in the FinTech industry. It assists financial service providers and institutions in designing user-centric FinTech products and services. Enhancing security and usability is crucial to improving the user experience and consumer confidence. By considering technological and behavioural characteristics and analysing the impact of PESTEL elements, this study contributes to the existing literature on technology diffusion, providing valuable insights to academics and practitioners.

No description available.