Submitted by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-10-25T17:28:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elliot Santovich Scaramal - 2016.pdf: 1887253 bytes, checksum: c1a9c0be427247b15b8143650b62f8bc (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-10-25T17:28:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elliot Santovich Scaramal - 2016.pdf: 1887253 bytes, checksum: c1a9c0be427247b15b8143650b62f8bc (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-25T17:28:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elliot Santovich Scaramal - 2016.pdf: 1887253 bytes, checksum: c1a9c0be427247b15b8143650b62f8bc (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-03 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The main goal of this dissertation is to offer both an interpretation to the theory of singular representations as presented by Leibniz in his writings from the 1680’s, as well as a hypothesis of a criticism made by Kant to what we take to be the cornerstones of such a theory. These cornerstones consist in (i) the Principle of Identity of Indiscernibles (ii) the Doctrine of the Complete Notion of the Individual Substance (iii) the Intensional Definitions of the Truth Values. Once the writings in which (ii) and (iii) are presented only began to be published in the XIX century, we argue in favor of the plausibility of such a hypothesis by means of logical arguments, which intend to show that Kant could have deduced (ii) and (iii) from Leibniz’ commitment to (i) as well as to the existence of a parfaite représentation of ordinary objects in the divine understanding, and historical arguments, which intend to show that Kant could have had access to both (ii) and (iii) and even ascribed these to Leibniz by means of Meier’s Auszug aus der Vernunftlehre and Wolff’s Philosophia Rationalis sive Logica. We will add to these, also textual arguments in order to show that there is in Kant’s philosophy not only a critique to (i), but also to (ii) e (iii), as well as an interpretation of what this criticism consists in. / O objetivo dessa dissertação é o de oferecer tanto uma interpretação para a teoria das representações singulares conforme apresentada por Leibniz principalmente em escritos da década de 1680, assim como uma hipótese de crítica por parte de Kant ao que tomamos como os pilares centrais da mesma. Esses pilares centrais consistem em (i) o Princípio de Identidade dos Indiscerníveis (ii) a Doutrina da Noção Completa da Substância Individual (iii) as Definições Intensionais dos Valores de Verdade. Dado que escritos em que são apresentadas (ii) e (iii) só começaram a ser publicados a partir do século XIX, apresentaremos aqui uma argumentação para tornar plausível uma tal hipótese, dividida entre argumentos lógicos, que mostrariam como Kant poderia ter deduzido (ii) e (iii) a partir dos comprometimentos de Leibniz com (i) e com a existência de uma parfaite représentation dos objetos ordinários por parte do entendimento divino, e argumentos históricos que mostrariam que Kant poderia ter acesso a (ii) e (iii) e mesmo as atribuído a Leibniz mediante sua leitura do Auszug aus der Vernunftlehre de Meier e da Philosophia Rationalis sive Logica de Wolff. Acrescentaremos ainda uma argumentação textual para mostrar ainda como há na Filosofia de Kant, além de uma crítica explícita a (i), também uma crítica a (ii) e (iii), assim como uma interpretação de em que consiste uma tal crítica.

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2018-05-30T18:06:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Neusa_Onate_2018.pdf: 1124739 bytes, checksum: 4d73ab2dcc3666d23f7654025af0860f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-30T18:06:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Neusa_Onate_2018.pdf: 1124739 bytes, checksum: 4d73ab2dcc3666d23f7654025af0860f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this work is to analyze how a phenomenological investigation is possible in Heidegger, which implies a questioning about the anteriority of matter and the sensitive content of which the world itself is constituted. For Heidegger, the world can not be understood by all its objects, for they do not make up the world, but only from the world do objects come to be. As a parameter of this analysis, we will adopt a conceptual and argumentative line of passages present in the selected set of the initial texts of the philosopher's work, contemplating, above all, the lessons of Marburg. From which we will argue that phenomenology is that of a philosophical inquiry which, in turn, is only possible through a direct and free access, is, for Heidegger, the hermeneutics of fatigue. In developing hermeneutics as a phenomenological method, Heidegger establishes the Abbau by confronting the conceptual problems inherent in the history of philosophy itself. In this conjecture, we intend to point out the philosopher's confrontation with the methodological problems of Husserl's phenomenology through Heidegger's critical analyzes of Logical Investigations and Ideas I. The research aims to present fundamental elements to understand the trajectory of Heidegger's philosophical project in which refers to the critical appropriation of phenomenological concepts.To this end, the general objective of the present research is: 1) To expose the central aspects that make up and make possible an original description of the structural scope, therefore, of hermeneutics as a phenomenological method. 2) Analyze how this investigative method can be considered a free and direct access to describe such structures. 3) To evaluate how Husserl's phenomenology makes hermeneutic phenomenology feasible. / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como se torna possível uma investigação fenomenológica em Heidegger, o que implica num questionamento acerca da anterioridade da matéria e do conteúdo sensível do qual o próprio mundo é constituído. Como parâmetro desta análise, adotaremos uma linha conceitual e argumentativa de passagens presentes no conjunto selecionado dos textos iniciais da obra do filósofo, contemplando, sobretudo, as lições de Marburgo. A partir dos quais defenderemos que a fenomenologia é o como de uma investigação filosófica que, por sua vez, só é possível mediante uma via de acesso livre e direta. Tal via é, para Heidegger, a hermenêutica da faticidade. Ao desenvolver a hermenêutica enquanto método fenomenológico, Heidegger empreende a Abbau confrontando-se com os problemas conceituais inerentes à história da própria filosofia. Sob esta conjectura, pretendemos assinalar a abordagem do filósofo no tocante aos problemas metodológicos da fenomenologia de Husserl através das análises críticas efetuadas por Heidegger em relação às Investigações Lógicas e às Ideias I. A pesquisa visa apresentar elementos fundamentais para se compreender a trajetória do projeto filosófico de Heidegger no que tange à apropriação crítica dos conceitos fenomenológicos. Para tanto, o objetivo geral, concernente à presente pesquisa é: 1) Expor os aspectos centrais que compõem e tornam possível uma descrição originária do âmbito estrutural, portanto, da hermenêutica como um método fenomenológico. 2) Analisar o quanto este método investigativo pode ser considerado um acesso livre e direto para descrever tais estruturas. 3) Avaliar o quanto a fenomenologia de Husserl viabiliza a fenomenologia hermenêutica.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:26:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanessa Furtado Fontana.pdf: 648542 bytes, checksum: 9660ca0141125e99aefd3f2ef55c9a5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-12 / The goal of this dissertation is reflect on the concepts that validate the reasoning of transcendental idealism in the work of Husserl Ideas for a phenomenology pure and phenomenological philosophy. This work does not represent a radical change from part of the philosopher as portraying the commentators, but the apex of idealistic conception of science transcendental. The term idealism accumulates meanings expressed in many different currents of modern philosophy, which are all suspended by reducing philosophical in favor of a transcendental idealism inaugurate responsible for the problem of contemporary philosophy. The focus of the research is to think about the relevance of this idealism through the conceptual framework that surrounds the work cited. Among the topics investigated are the essences of intuition as intuition semantics of the transcendental experience. The intent as entrelaçamento needed between subjectivity and objectivity, which represents the overcoming of any dichotomy. What I like pure subjectivity and dissolution of the opening of the semantic field of possibility. And the formation of transcendental spheres of the world under the transcendental pure possibility of sense. These concepts show the importance of understanding the phenomenology as transcendental idealism. A phenomenological science there is as transcendental idealism or semantic, incorporating the issues ontológicas through descriptive analysis of the essences of donor direction to the plane factual / O objetivo da dissertação é refletir acerca dos conceitos que validam a fundamentação do idealismo transcendental de Husserl na obra Idéias para uma fenomenologia pura e filosofia fenomenológica. Tal obra não representa uma mudança radical de vertente do filósofo como retratam os comentadores, mas o ápice da concepção idealista da ciência transcendental. O termo idealismo acumula muitas significações expressas nas diferentes correntes da filosofia moderna, as quais são todas suspensas através da redução filosófica em favor de um idealismo transcendental responsável por inaugurar a problemática da filosofia contemporânea. O enfoque da pesquisa é pensar sobre a relevância deste idealismo através do arcabouço conceitual que circunda a obra citada. Dentre os temas investigados estão a intuição de essências como intuição semântica da experiência transcendental. A intencionalidade como entrelaçamento necessário entre subjetividade e objetividade, que representa a superação de qualquer dicotomia. O eu puro como dissolução da subjetividade e abertura do campo semântico de possibilidade. E a constituição transcendental das esferas do mundo no âmbito transcendental da pura possibilidade de sentido. Estes conceitos revelam a importância de compreender a fenomenologia como idealismo transcendental. A ciência fenomenológica se instaura como idealismo transcendental ou semântico que retoma as questões ontológicas através da análise descritiva das essências doadoras de sentido ao plano factual

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-19T14:34:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 vitorgomesdasilva.pdf: 370193 bytes, checksum: 4cf969480f7948120406cd14956aad98 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-22T15:15:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 vitorgomesdasilva.pdf: 370193 bytes, checksum: 4cf969480f7948120406cd14956aad98 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-22T15:15:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 vitorgomesdasilva.pdf: 370193 bytes, checksum: 4cf969480f7948120406cd14956aad98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-31 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta dissertação apresenta os pontos fundamentais da ética e da teoria da religião de Friedrich D.E. Schleiermacher durante o seu contato com o movimento romântico. Buscou-se definir o conceito de romantismo através de uma breve reconstrução de suas origens e da relação de Schleiermacher com tal movimento. A concepção ética schleiermacheriana construída em constante diálogo com Kant amadurece na medida em que entra em contato com as suas concepções religiosas do período romântico. Por meio das discussões em torno da essência da religião, Schleiermacher adiciona elementos tal como o Eterno ou o Infinito à sua ética, caracterizada fundamentalmente pela promoção da individualidade. Desta forma, ética e religião edificam um rico diálogo no qual o indivíduo e o Infinito emergem como elementos fundamentais e irredutíveis da visão de mundo schleiermacheriana. / This thesis presents the fundamental points of Friedrich D. E. Schleiermacher’s ethical conception and theory of religion during his contact with the romantic movement. We sought to define the concept of romanticism through a brief reconstruction of its origins and of Schleiermacher’s relationship with this movement. Constructed through an ongoing conversation with Kant, Schleiermacher’s ethical conception becomes mature as it gets in touch with the religious conceptions of the romantic period. Through the discussions on the essence of religion, Schleiermacher adds elements such as the Eternal or the Infinity to his ethics, which is characterized primarily by the promotion of individuality. Thus, ethics and religion build a rich dialogue in which the individual and the Infinity emerge as fundamental and irreducible elements of the Schleiermacherian worldview.

[pt] O objetivo desta dissertação é examinar o papel desempenhado pelas representações do tempo e do espaço no sistema crítico kantiano. Mas, diversas questões surgem a partir desta pesquisa e se nos incumbimos de respeitar o legado de Kant e o seu espírito metodológico não devemos negligenciá-las. Assim, com o intuito de lançar luz sobre um tema tão obscuro, o presente trabalho aceita o desafio, e o estabelece como ponto de partida, de expor os conceitos de tempo e de espaço por uma análise histórica. E sobre o terreno seguro da tradição filosófica podemos descansar e recobrar forças para continuar a seguir os passos de Kant e encontrar as origens da Estética Transcendental. Portanto, o centro desta investigação é determinar de forma precisa o sentido das representações do tempo e do espaço a suas implicações para a teoria do conhecimento de Kant. Finalmente, ao término desta tumultuada jornada teremos alcançado uma melhor compreensão sobre a relação das intuições do tempo e do espaço com a coisa em si mesma, e, a sua importância para o idealismo transcendental. / [en] The task of this dissertation is to examine the role played by the time and space representations in Kant`s critical system. But, several questions emerge from this inquiry, and if we are to respect Kant`s legacy and his methodological spirit we shall not neglect them. Then, as an effort to shed light over such an obscure matter the present work accepts the challenge, and establishes it as a starting point, of expounding time and space concepts through a historical analysis. And on the solid grounds of the philosophical tradition we can rest and regain strength to continue following Kant`s steps and finding the origins of the Transcendental Aesthetics. Therefore, the core of this investigation is determining accurately the meaning of time and space representations and its implications to Kant`s theory of knowledge. Finally, at the end of this troubled journey we will have reached a better understanding of the relationship between the time and space intuitions and the thing-in-itself and its significance to the transcendental idealism.

In the last fifteen to twenty years there has been increasing agreement about the phenomenon of insight, but a clear mechanism for insight is not yet understood. The present study examines nine different approaches to the experience of insight: the holistic approach of gestalt psychology; the existential approach of phenomenological psychology; the puzzle-problem approach of cognitive psychology; the creative approach of genius, dreams, design and invention; the representational approach of models; the case-study approach of great minds; the metaphors-of-mind approach; the intersubjective approach of psychotherapy, and the body-mind-spirit continuum approach of spirituality to insight. The distinctive value of this qualitative research lies in the opportunity to interview the research participants to get rich descriptions, not only about their experiences of significant insight and the conditions under which they occurred, but also to investigate the results of their insights. Archbishop Emeritus Desmond Tutu’s insight, in prayer before the Soweto Uprising, resulted in him writing a historic letter of warning to the Prime Minister. Debbie Brown had a series of insights in therapy and while listening to music, about responding to her husband’s long-term infidelity; the results were totally unexpected and expressed in a contemporaneous e-mail. Sir Roger Penrose’s experience of insight was subliminal as he crossed a road and needed to be re-membered later from a lingering feeling of elation; it resulted in a scientific proof about black holes. Tony Grogan’s insights and associations occurred while scanning the news and were expressed in a socio-political cartoon form for the Cape Times newspaper. The particular findings include the necessity for awareness and disposition of openness, the importance of confronting and containing the problematic raw material, and the significance of the moments of ‘impact’ and ‘interpreting’. Insight is seen as crucial to the quality of understanding, transcending the usual or dominant way of seeing things, as key to a self-actualising process and as self-authenticating yet tested in the public realm. At each occurrence of insight understanding develops and action is enabled. The relationship between insight and sight, foresight and humour, is discussed. The qualitative research findings are considered in relation to recent neurobiological research. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted

The purpose of this study is to define Intuitive Intelligence and identify the role of Intuitive Intelligence in Leadership Strategic Decision Making. The study provides a framework for Intuitive Intelligence within the context of leadership strategic decision making. Empirical study: The study used a dual phased research design, which included qualitative mixed methods; deconstruction, grounded theory, triangulation, and the use of Atlas ti. Research Limitations / Implications: This study would be enhanced by future studies using an extended scope. Suitable testing and assessment methods would also offer a suitable quantitative perspective. Value / Benefit: The study serves to assist executives' awareness of factors enhancing decision making skills such as the utilisation of Intuitive Intelligence; as well as to highlight those risk factors which may inhibit effective strategic decision making. Summary: The research study is focused on the role of Intuitive Intelligence in terms of effective leadership strategic decision making. Rooted within the epistemological context of Leadership, Complexity and Chaos, Strategy as Practice, Knowledge Management, Sense making and Decision making, the focus is on the role of Intuitive Intelligence within such context. The research study contributes toward an understanding of how Intuitive Intelligence enhances the effectiveness of leadership strategic decision making; within the context of business leadership in South Africa, and strives to serve business leaders engaged in such strategic decision making. Findings and conclusion: The findings support the case for the development, use and role of Intuitive Intelligence in terms of effectiveness of leadership strategic decision-making. / Business Management / D.B.L. (Business Leadership)

Although several multi-dimensional models of strategic decision-making processes (SDMPs) have been examined in the literature, these studies have paid insufficient attention to the public sector context and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. SDMP in the public sector and the State of Qatar can vary to SDMP in the private sector due to institutional and socio-cultural differences respectively. Therefore, more research is urgently needed to better understand SDPM within this context. To contribute to filling this void, this study develops and tests a multi-dimensional SDMP model including SDMP dimensions, implementation, and outcome. The study model examines (𝑖) the impact of four SDMP dimensions—procedural rationality, intuition, constructive politics, and participation—on the implementation success of the strategic decision; (𝑖𝑖) the impact of the successful implementation of SD over the SD quality; (𝑖𝑖𝑖) the mediation role of the implementation success of SD; (𝑖𝑣) the moderation effect of stakeholder uncertainty. The model was analysed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) and tested using data from multiple informants on 170 strategic decisions in 38 Qatari public organisations. The study finds that procedural rationality, constructive politics, participations, and the implementation Success of SD plays a significant and positive role on SDMP and its overall outcome. Finally, the study provides substantial and original contributions to the knowledge of SDMP in the public sector; implications for decision-makers and directions for future research.

[pt] O objetivo desse trabalho é a apresentação de alguns elementos da metodologia e prática matemática elaborada por Descartes. Primeiramente, apresenta-se a questão da certeza das matemáticas , um dos debates metodológicos de maior relevância no século XVII. Os iniciadores da discussão apontavam que a matemática não se adequava à ciência demonstrativa aristotélica. Porém, tal tese foi rebatida por outros matemáticos. E coube a estes a tarefa de reconstruir, conforme os moldes da silogística, as demonstrações da matemática clássica, a fim de restaurar o status científico da matemática. Descartes não participou ativamente desse debate, distanciando-se não só da colocação do problema inicial como também das propostas de redução silogística. Pode-se ademais afirmar que o modelo metodológico de Descartes para as matemáticas é uma antítese de ambos os projetos. Pretende-se, portanto, apresentar a visão metodológica cartesiana, manifestada, sobretudo, no texto das Regras em sua crítica ao formalismo, no papel que atribui aos princípios e na função metodológica da intuição. Por fim, é apresentada a reconstrução histórica do problema das duas médias proporcionais (duplicação do cubo), que vai da década de 1620 até início de 1630. O resultado dessa prova, que será mais tarde publicada no livro III d A Geometria, é na verdade fruto das trocas do círculo matemático que envolvia Descartes, Hardy, Mydorge, Beeckman, Mersenne e Roberval. A prova de Descartes (elaborada provavelmente em conjunto com Mydorge) e aquela de Roberval do mesmo problema guardam, contudo, uma diferença. Roberval buscava, diferentemente de Descartes, conciliar o projeto metodológico aristotélico e a prática matemática euclidiana. Assim, a comparação das provas permite ao mesmo tempo uma ilustração dos elementos da metodologia e da prática matemática cartesiana. / [fr] Le but de cette mémoire est la présentation de quelques éléments de la méthodologie et la pratique mathématique développées par Descartes. En premier lieu, on analyse la question de la certitude dans les mathématiques , l un des plus importants débats autour de la méthodologie mathématique durant le XVIIe siècle. Les précurseurs de cette discussion ont souligné que la mathématique ne pourrait pas être formalisée selon le modèle de la science démonstrative aristotélicienne. Cependant, cette thèse-ci était objectée par un autre groupe de mathématiciens, qui ont essayé reconstruire les démonstrations de la mathématique classique, selon le modèle syllogistique, afin de rétablir le statut scientifique des mathématiques. En effet, Descartes n a pas participé activement de ce débat, sans jamais essayer une réduction syllogistique. On peut affirmer encore que la perspective méthodologique cartésienne en ce qui concerne les mathématiques n est qu une antithèse des deux projets, c est-à-dire de ceux qui ont défendu la réduction syllogistique et de ceux qui s y sont opposé. On analyse ainsi la perspective méthodologique cartésienne, mise en évidence surtout dans les Règles dans sa critique au formalisme, incarnée dans le rôle des principes et la fonction méthodologique de l intuition. Finalement, on fournit la reconstruction historique du problème de deux moyennes proportionnelles (ou duplication du cube) pendant les années 1620 et début des années 1630. Le résultat de cette preuve, qui sera publiée plus tard dans le livre III de La Géométrie, est en fait le fruit des échanges du cercle mathématique qui a impliqué Descartes, Hardy, Mydorge, Beeckman, Mersenne e Roberval. La démonstration de Descartes (conçue probablement avec Mydorge) et celle de Roberval du même problème ont une différence. Roberval cherchait, contrairement à Descartes, concilier le projet méthodologique aristotélicien avec la pratique mathématique euclidienne. Ainsi, la comparaison entre ces deux preuves permet à la fois une illustration des éléments de la méthodologie et de la pratique effective de la mathématique cartésienne.

Une des questions centrales de la métaéthique est celle de savoir si les propriétés morales sont des propriétés naturelles ou non-naturelles. Ce mémoire fait valoir que nous ferions bien de remettre en question une constellation d’arguments en faveur du non-naturalisme moral : l’argument de la question ouverte, l’intuition normative et l’argument du gouffre. L’influent argument de la question ouverte de Moore, d’abord, ne soutient le non-naturalisme que s’il commet une pétition de principe. L’intuition normative commet ou bien le sophisme d’inférer sur la base de sa différence spécifique qu’une chose n’appartient pas à un genre donné, ou bien sous-estime la panoplie de propriétés naturelles qui possèdent les caractéristiques censées être distinctives des propriétés morales et normatives. L’argument du gouffre, quant à lui, sous-estime l’ubiquité du fossé logique et conceptuel censé marquer une discontinuité métaphysique profonde entre les domaines normatif et naturel. / One of the burning questions among metaethical realists is whether moral facts and properties are natural or non-natural. In this thesis, I argue that we should treat a family of arguments for non-naturalism with considerable scepticism: the Open Question Argument, the Normative Intuition, and the argument from the Is-Ought Gap. Moore’s famous Open Question Argument only supports moral non-naturalism if it begs the question against the modest (non-reductionist) naturalist. As for the Normative Intuition, it either commits the fallacy of inferring on the basis of a thing’s specific difference that it does not belong to the genus it putatively belongs to, or it underestimates the breadth of natural properties that possess the features which non-naturalists allege are distinctive of moral and normative properties. The argument from the Is-Ought Gap, for its part, underestimates the ubiquity of the logical and conceptual gap that allegedly marks a deep metaphysical discontinuity between the normative and natural domains.