In dem vorliegenden Beitrag geht es um die theoretische Modellierung und empirische Untersuchung von Kettenmigrationsprozessen. Im Mittelpunkt steht die These, dass bei der Entscheidung zur Migration neben ökonomischen Überlegungen soziale Beziehungen der Migranten von zentraler Bedeutung sind. Auf der Basis der Theorie rationaler Entscheidungen wird ein allgemeines Erklärungsmodell für die Entstehung von Kettenmigrationsprozessen vorgestellt. Soziales Kapital fungiert dabei als eine Art "missing link" zwischen individuellen Migrationsentscheidungen und resultierenden Migrationsprozessen. Anhand der empirischen Auswertung verschiedener Datenquellen konnte die Rolle von Verwandtschaftsnetzwerken bei der Immigrations- und Rückkehrentscheidung am Beispiel der italienischen Migranten in Deutschland bestätigt werden. Die Ergebnisse der empirischen Analyse werden dargelegt, darunter aufbereitete Daten der amtlichen Statistik zum Verlauf der Immigration aus Italien seit 1950 sowie eine Auswertung von Interviews mit italienischen Befragten im Rahmen des Sozioökonomischen Panels und aus einer Gemeindestudie. Insbesondere erwies sich die Rückkehr von Haushaltsmitgliedern nach Italien als die wichtigste Determinante für Remigrationsentscheidungen. Damit wird deutlich, daß bei der Untersuchung von Migrationsprozessen die soziale Einbettung der Migranten nicht ausgeblendet werden darf.:Einleitung; Migrationstheorien und Migrationsforschung; Handlungs- und Entscheidungstheorie; Soziales Kapital; Erklärungsmodell für Kettenmigrationsprozesse; Methoden zur empirischen Untersuchung der Kettenmigration; Ergebnisse der Analyse amtlicher Daten. Die italienischen Immigranten in Deutschland; Ergebnisse der Gemeindestudie; Ergebnisse der Sekundäranalyse der italienischen Migranten im Sozioökonomischen Panel; Schlussfolgerungen / The paper contributes to the theoretical modelling and empirical testing of chain migration processes. Besides economic aspects the impact of social relations of migrants on migration decisions is emphasized. The aim was to test several hypotheses concerning the concept of social capital which have been derived from the framework of Rational Choice Theory. Social Capital is seen as a kind of "missing link" between the migration decisons of indiviuals and resulting migration processes. The impact of family networks on the migration process has been investigated applying the theory to the case of the Italian immigrants living in Germany since the 1950\''s. The results of the analysis of several kinds of data sets are presented, namely seleceted national statistics on migration and survey data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and also from a small town study. The empirical data analysis shows effects of households and family neworks on immigration and return migration as well as some evidence of chain migration. Particularly for subsequent migrants social relations play a considerable role in their migration decisions. Due to this the social embeddedness of migrants is an important factor in explaining migration processes.:Einleitung; Migrationstheorien und Migrationsforschung; Handlungs- und Entscheidungstheorie; Soziales Kapital; Erklärungsmodell für Kettenmigrationsprozesse; Methoden zur empirischen Untersuchung der Kettenmigration; Ergebnisse der Analyse amtlicher Daten. Die italienischen Immigranten in Deutschland; Ergebnisse der Gemeindestudie; Ergebnisse der Sekundäranalyse der italienischen Migranten im Sozioökonomischen Panel; Schlussfolgerungen

This thesis explores the Visit Friends and Relatives (VFR) tourism experiences of highly skilled first-generation Italians and Chinese in Sweden. It focuses on personal networks influence on migrant hosts’ interaction and participation in the place and how the Covid-19 global immobility has changed the dynamics and the feelings towards the place. Data are collected through semi-structured interviews with a participative target sociogram as memory recollection and visualization tool. Results showed that VFR is mainly a within network experience and the interaction with the place and the society is marginal and influenced by hosts’ mediation, their local network structure and composition. The VFR aspect of sharing quality time emerges as central element. The local dimension shapes place interaction and participation dynamics: the migrant host personal relation to the local place, their local network structure and composition, and the difference of having a native member in the network are crucial elements.

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Cette thèse propose d’abord une relecture des migrations des travailleurs étrangers séjournant dans l’Est et le Sud-Est de la France entre 1871 et 1914. Il ne s’agit pas de comparer les espaces précités, mais de démontrer, qu’au-delà de la distance séparant espaces d’origine et d’accueil ou des déterminants de nature trop strictement économique, les parcours des individus concernés relèvent de logiques plus complexes. Ces dernières font, en effet, toute leur place aux réseaux, aux liens interpersonnels forgés sur la longue durée, et aux dynamiques de formation et de qualification. Ces trajectoires d’étrangers occupés dans l’agriculture, l’industrie ou l’artisanat et le petit commerce permettent également de prendre en compte les sociétés d’origine à leur juste valeur. En s’appuyant sur ces premiers résultats, a ensuite été mis en exergue le fait que la Grande Guerre est loin de constituer, du point de vue migratoire, une rupture totale avec la période antérieure. Des départs d’étrangers résidant en France se produisent certes dès le déclenchement des hostilités, mais d’autres allogènes obtiennent un permis de séjour ou sont rapidement placés dans des camps d’internement. Par ailleurs, la nécessité d’amplifier l’effort de guerre engendre des retours et de nouvelles arrivées, qui découlent en partie de la réactivation de flux et de mécanismes d’interconnaissance. Le contrôle à distance de ces travailleurs venus d’ailleurs se renforce néanmoins, avec comme laboratoire privilégié la zone des Armées, et on constate parallèlement une certaine inflexion de leurs rapports avec l’opinion française, y compris lorsque ces étrangers n’appartiennent pas aux puissances ennemies. / This thesis proposes a second reading of the foreign workers living in the East and South-East of France between 1871 and 1914.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:25:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1111.pdf: 1887201 bytes, checksum: 9b1cc282b2fbcb1bc6051a0e3f80d4e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-30 / This study it approached cases of conflicts characterized for physical, moral, economic and racial the violence, for work questions, that involve deriving Italian immigrants of diverse regions of Italy and other ethnic groups on coffee plantations of the judicial district of Araraquara in the period of 1890-1914, using as source criminal records. The present work searched to understand the values that guided a violent behavior in the daily conflicts, investigating the solidarity possibilities between the ethnic groups in the individual actions, mainly between the Italians. In this perspective, the work evidenced that the regional differences between the Italians limited the solidarity of the group, over all of the northern ones and of central Italy in relation to the meridionals. The analysis of the criminal records also evidenced that the main values that guided a violent behavior in the daily conflicts were to receive a wage just and to have movement freedom. These values had been verified for all the ethnic groups in question. / Este estudo abordou casos de conflitos caracterizados pela violência física, moral, econômica e racial, por questões de trabalho, que envolvem imigrantes italianos oriundos de diversas regiões da Itália e outras etnias nas fazendas de café da comarca de Araraquara no período de 1890-1914, usando como fonte processos criminais. O presente trabalho buscou compreender os valores que orientavam uma conduta violenta nos conflitos cotidianos, investigando as chances de solidariedade entre as etnias nas ações individuais, principalmente entre os italianos. Nesta perspectiva, o trabalho evidenciou que as diferenças regionais entre os italianos limitavam a solidariedade do grupo, sobretudo dos setentrionais e da Itália central em relação aos meridionais. A análise dos processos também evidenciou que os principais valores que orientavam uma conduta violenta nos conflitos cotidianos eram os de receber um salário justo e de ter liberdade de movimento. Esses valores foram verificados para todas as etnias em questão.

Ce mémoire se penche sur le processus identitaire de la deuxième génération d’Italo-Québécois lors de la deuxième vague migratoire. Plus précisément, nous porterons notre regard sur les œuvres de créations de Marco Micone, Mary Melfi et Paul Tana afin de dévoiler certains aspects de l’identité qui sont dissimulés à travers la fiction. C’est à travers leur vision qu’il sera possible de dégager plusieurs trames narratives qui relatent différentes trajectoires migratoires et d’établissement au Québec, tout en exposant le défi de se (re)définir relativement à la multiplication des référents dans une société moderne et bilingue. Si c’est la deuxième génération qui fait office de protagoniste dans ce mémoire, cela s’explique par le statut qu’elle occupe dans la société québécoise et les changements auxquels elle se confronte. Au lieu de définir une identité globale, nous nous intéressons davantage aux éléments qui façonnent, qui affectent, mais surtout qui font pression sur la (re)définition identitaire de cette génération. À la lecture des sources constituant ce mémoire, trois grandes thématiques sont apparues comme des éléments modélisateurs de l’identité pour la deuxième génération d’Italo-Québécois. Il s’agit de la relation au(x) langue(s), les rapports de genre et la dynamique intergénérationnelle. Celles-ci sont abordées par chacun des créateurs, bien que de manières différentes. Ceci renforce l’idée qu’il est impossible de parler d’une identité italo-québécoise commune et qu’il est préférable de parler d’identités italo-québécoises. En définitive, il s’agit de montrer en quoi la littérature et les œuvres de création nous amènent à repenser l’établissement des Italiens au Québec. / This thesis focuses on the process of identity formation of second generation Italo-Quebeckers during the second wave of migration. More precisely, it looks at the creative works of Marco Micone, Mary Melfi and Paul Tana in order to reveal certain aspects of identity that are contained in works of fiction. It is through their vision that it is possible to identify several narrative frames that underscore different migratory and settlement trajectories in Quebec. These visions also expose the challenge of the (re)definition of self in a modern and bilingual society. Instead of defining a “global” identity, this thesis is more interested in the elements that shape, affect, and above all, put pressure on the (re)identification of this generation. Drawing upon the sources employed in this thesis, three main themes emerge as modelling elements of identity for the second generation of Italo-Québécois: the relationship to language(s), gender relations, and intergenerational dynamics. All these themes are explored by each of the creators, although in different ways. This reinforces the idea that it is impossible to talk about a common Italian-Québécois identity and that it is preferable to talk about Italian-Quebecois subjectivities. Ultimately, it is a matter of disclosing how literary and creative works encourage us to rethink the establishment of Italians in Quebec, as well as their vision of Quebec society.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Evidence on comparative quality of life and housing of Italians at origin, and emigrants in two destinations was gathered from field research, and from three surveys: one, of residents of the town of origin (n = 153), Larino, in the province of Campobasso, and the other two, of residents of major destinations of Larinesi emigrants--Montreal (n = 118), and Milano (n = 73). The main working hypothesis was tested that the best quality of life is found among emigrants living in Montreal. The research also explicated the historical connection between policies of migration and housing concerns in Canada and in Italy. / Quality of life was measured using a battery of structural, objective and subjective indicators that were calibrated for relative comparisons between the two cities of destination by the re-analysis of two large surveys (Milano n = 966; Montreal n = 461), and by the use of of official statistics. / Multivariate analysis results showed that in comparison to the town of origin, Montreal produced the best and most distinguishable socio-demographic context and Milano the best geographic context. The objective indicators based on the ratios of income to need and those based on income relative to each city, are most influential in Montreal. Subjective indicators such as attitudes and lifestyles are more consistently related to levels of education than to place of residence. / High rates of house ownership among the Larinesi in Montreal, and changes in their patterns of use of space which accompany permanent resettlement--especially those regarding the use of an extra kitchen--were found to be explainable in terms of the "housing culture" of the town of origin.

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No description available.