Abstract The master’s thesis is concerned on personality of manager and his method of leadership. Describes theoretical knowledge of qualities and skills of manager and evaluates actual situation. On the end, contains project of trainings and next courses that contribute the development of manager’s professionalism and effectiveness.

Abstract: The diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of reliability and diagnostics of the electric rotary machines originated in industrial energetic practice. There are diagnostic methods in the diploma thesis having been used in practice and analysis of measurement results of the functional measurement on the real electric machines.

The master thesis deals with hydraulic characteristics of once-through boilers and describes the problems which may arise during the flow of water through the evaporator. Especially the formation of aperiodic instability of the evaporator and hydraulic uniformity amongst every steam generating tube. The thesis describes parameters, which cause these problems, and solutions how to deal with them. The calculation has been done for evaporator of the boiler called K2 located in power station in Chvaletice.

En pandemisk influensa medför en stor risk för samhället där både sociala och ekonomiska aspekter tar skada. Risker kräver beredskap på såväl internationella som individuella nivåer och kan påverka hur stor konsekvensen av en risk blir. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka den individuella beredskapen kring det nya coronaviruset, covid-19. Med stöd av ramverket Protection Motivation Theory som beskriver människors olika beteenden inför en risk och vad som motiverar individer till att vidta en eller flera skyddande åtgärder. Vilka faktorer som påverkar en individs riskperception och hur detta i sin tur kan påverka den individuella beredskapen undersöks i studien. Även betalningsviljan för ett eventuellt vaccin mot covid-19 undersöks.   Metoden som används för att undersöka individernas riskperception av covid-19 är en kvantitativ enkätundersökning. Enkäten konstruerades till stor del utifrån ramverket och dess faktorer som sägs påverka en individs beteende men också utifrån studiens forskningsfråga och för att uppfylla uppsatsens syfte. Enkäten genomfördes av studenter på tre olika program på Karlstads Universitet.   Studiens resultat visar att Karlstads Universitetsstudenter inte uppfattar smittan eller spridningen av covid-19 som något stort hot vid den tiden då undersökningen genomfördes, mellan 24 februari och 11 mars. Detta har även lett till att skyddande åtgärder inte vidtagits i någon stor omfattning för att stoppa smittan eller spridningen av coronaviruset. De skyddande åtgärderna har inte heller, enligt majoriteten av studenterna, uppfattats som effektiva för att undvika smitta eller spridning av covid-19 trots att de rekommenderats av svenska myndigheter.  Betalningsviljan för vaccinering är enligt denna studie hög i jämförelse med vad tidigare vaccineringar mot pandemisk influensa har kostat trots att viljan för vaccination mot covid-19 endast finns hos hälften av respondenterna.   Slutligen kan det konstateras att riskperceptionen påverkar den individuella beredskapen gentemot en risk och att detta bidrar till vilka åtgärder som vidtas eller inte. Uppfattningen av en risk kan påverka vilken information som tas upp av en individ, vilka åtgärder som vidtas och under en pandemisk influensa kan den individuella beredskapen påverka spridningen av ett virus och därmed ett helt samhälle. / A pandemic flu poses a great risk to society where both social and economic aspects are harmed. Risks require preparedness at both international levels and individual levels and can affect the extent of the risk. This study aims to investigate the individual preparedness of the new coronavirus, covid-19. With support from the framework Protection Motivation Theory which describes people's various behaviors at risk and what motivates individuals to take one or several protective measures. The factors that affect an individual's risk perception and how they in turn influence the individual preparedness are examined in the study. The willingness to pay for a possible covid-19 vaccine is also being investigated.   The method used to investigate individuals' risk perception of covid-19 is a quantitative survey. The questionnaire was constructed mainly on the basis of the framework and its factors that states to have influence on individual behavior. Also, the questionnaire was constructed to answer the study's research question and fulfill the purpose of the essay. The survey was conducted by students in three various programs at Karlstads University.   The study's results show that students at Karlstads University do not perceive the infection or extent of covid-19 as a major threat at the time the survey was conducted. This has shown that protective measures have not been taken to prevent the spread of coronavirus. The protective measures have not been considered effective to avoid the virus or the spread of covid-19 although they have been recommended by Swedish authorities. According to this study, the willingness to pay for vaccination is high in comparison with what previous vaccines against pandemic flu has cost, although the willingness for vaccination against covid-19 is found only in half of the respondents.   Finally, it can be found that risk perception affects individual preparedness in a crisis and that this contributes to what measures are taken. The perception of a risk can affect how information is taken up by an individual, what measures are taken and during a pandemic flu the individual preparedness can affect the extent of a virus spread and by that an entire society.

Introduction. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how librarians in public libraries, school libraries and integ-rated libraries relate to reading for pleasure in regards to reading for development in their work with students. A conflict has been shown between promoting voluntary reading and promoting reading ability. We base our re-sults in Qvortrups theory about children as “beings” or “becomings” together with Junckers theory about the distinction between the cultures of the educational sector and the cultural sector. Method. We conducted a qualitative interview study with seven sources from the three library types. We also conducted a quantitative survey study with vignettes taken from the qualitative analysis. Analysis. The qualitative result was analysed with a conventional content analysis. We conducted three inde-pendent one way anovas to investigate if there were any differences between the library types in the survey. Results. The qualitative study showed that all sources highly valued reading for pleasure and the students right to choose literature. The school librarians more often related their work to improving reading ability and to school criteria than librarians from the other two library types. We found similar tendencies in the results from the survey sample but none of these was significant with a significance level of p < 0.05. Conclusion. Librarians from all types of libraries show a reasoning consistent with the view of children as “beings” and the culture from the cultural sector. School librarians in our results do more often than the other two library types show a view of children as “becomings” consistent with the culture from the educational sector. Therefore we would argue that it is important to watch the development with strengthened school lib-raries so that the view of children as “becomings” does not become the only perspective dominating children's daily lives. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Science.

In space of National Park of Šumava happened in last years several bark beetle calamities, in result of it came extensive disputes about form of management in protected areas with society-wide impact. The shape of forests in Šumava in strickened places had changed and caused extensive discussion, which, besides other things, bear on human behavior and at the same time opened up the question, which form of forest is required in the present days . I decided through of qualitative strategy of research to discover the realtion to the nature of those, which took a part in discussion about National Park of Šumava and how they percieve it taking it into consideration of forest. I was interested in their relationship to symbolic dimension of forest, which question is pivotal in perception of forest and which form of management in protected areas they prefer. Key words: Šumava, aesthetics of forest, relationship to nature, disintegration of forest, symbolic dimension of forest

Subject: The knowledge of the sport performance structure with individual identification of the sport training model is a prerequisite for the effective management of sport training. Achieving the sports top limit performance in sport is possible by adapting the training plan to the athlete's individuality by his physiological and psychological prerequisites. To achieve the highest sports performance, sports training analysis is an indispensable tool for international competitiveness. This case study deals with the description of sports training models identified by the composition and dynamics of the training load predictors. A retrospective longitudinal study provides with insights into the possibilities of influencing sports training, which made national, Czech, records on the course of 800 m men and 3,000 m of women's steeplechase. Probandé (n=2) at the age of 21 (runner 1) and 28 resp. 29 years old (runner 2) reached limiting sports performances. The track record dates originates from 1995 to 2012. Runners were participants or medalists from top world or European athletic competitions. Objectiv: The aim of the thesis is to identify retrospectively through the found predictors, by whom were reached limit sports performance and sporting performance in the middle distances run. Methods: The...

I det här arbetet vill vi ta reda på hur historiska spelfilmer förhåller sig till historiemedvetande. Det vi främst fokuserar på är hur högstadieelever relaterar till historisk spelfilm och hur deras historiemedvetande påverkas av den audiovisuella historieförmedlingen i skolan, i avsikt att framställa en matris för hur undervisning med hjälp av film ska ske. Ytterligare ett inslag i denna uppsats utgörs av en redogörelse kring hur man praktiskt går till väga när man arbetar med film i undervisningssammanhang. För att uppfylla syftet har vi använt oss av en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Idag konkurrerar skolans kunskapsmonopol med populärkulturen. I takt med medievärldens expansion har den tekniska utvecklingen och intresset för tekniska medel ökat i samhället. Filmtekniken har förbättrats, vilket har lett till att spelfilmer framstår som mer autentiska än vad de tidigare har gjort. Vårt intryck är att den historiska spelfilmen som ett hjälpmedel i undervisningen får en allt större plats i den svenska skolan. Få läromedel kan få elever att leva sig in i historiska miljöer och ännu färre kan beröra elever emotionellt som just spelfilmen. En annan fördel med spelfilm i skolan är att eleverna får verktyg så att de kan hantera mediernas bild av världen ur ett källkritiskt perspektiv. / With this essay we want to examine the relation between historical movies and historical conciousness. Our main focus is on how seniors of compulsory school relates to historical movies and how their historical conciousness is effected by the audiovisual funds in teaching of history, in purpose to develope a matrix for teaching involving movies. An additional element of our studie represents a short account of how to practically use movies in shool. In order to do this we have chosen a qualatative method with semistructured interviews. Today, school is challenged by e.g. popular cultur. In a time of an increasing flow of media in society, the interest for technical aid has increased in the society. The technical methods in moviemaking has been improved and has conveyed to movies beeing more authentic than they ever been before. Our impression is that movies based on historical events becomes more inported in school. Few didactical aids enables pupils to embrace the historical enviroment and even fewer can touch pupils’ emotions. Another advantage is that movie gives the pupils tools to create a critical thinking when relating to the medias’ perception of the world.

The past years have seen a renewed interest in the study of Ottoman and African relations. Several works have been published in Turkish and partly in English; they cover the periods from the 16th century to World War I and geographically referred to the Ottoman provinces in North and North East Africa mostly Egypt, Tripoli, Tunisia, and Ethiopia (Habesh Province) by using the Ottoman archival sources. However, no comprehensive study has been undertaken on the relations between the Ottoman Empire and the rest of the continent except for a few works. This Ph.D. study had begun as an investigation into the Zanzibar Sultanate which was frequently referred to as Zengibar, the local Muslim sultanate in East Africa in the Ottoman archival sources of the late nineteenth century. After examining more than a hundred documents that were first transcribed from the original version of Ottoman Turkish and then translated into English with annotations, this study revealed the existence of the entangled world of East Africa where Europeans, Ottomans, and local African powers had been constantly in contact with each other at the global age of colonialism. In this sense, this work, first questioned how the Ottoman State, as the Caliph of the Muslim world, produced knowledge about Africa and perceived what was taking place in the region in the related period. Secondly, it deals with the Ottoman’s relationship with the European States in the context of the scramble for Africa. Thirdly, it questioned the nature of the mutual relations between the Zanzibar Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire which was fostered by imperial competition between European powers in the period of high colonialism.:CONTENTS...................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................ vii LIST OF DOCUMENTS ...................................................... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ……………………..xi INTRODUCTION………………………1 The Congo Conference and East Africa .......................................................... 1 East Africa in Ottoman Sources: An Imperial but Non-Colonial Perspective ...... 4 Aims, Sources, and Methodology ............................10 Structure of the Thesis .................................................................. 13 PART I: THE OTTOMAN PERCEPTION OF EARLY COLONIAL INITIATIVES IN EAST AFRICA (1885-1890) ............................................ 17 1.1 AFRIKA-YI OSMANI: OTTOMAN MAPPING OF AFRICA ................... 20 1.1.1 The Berlin Conference and its Reflection in Ottoman Mapping of Africa ... 24 1.1.2 The Sources ................................. 25 1.1.3 Annotated and Translated Documents with original maps ................... 27 1.2 THE OTTOMAN VIEW OF THE SCHUTZBRIEF IN 1885 ..................... 67 1.2.1 The Ottoman Perception of the Schutzbrief ..................................... 69 1.2.2 The Sources ................................................ 73 1.2.3 Annotated and Translated Documents ............................... 76 1.2.4 Original Documents .................................................... 90 1.3 “BRITISH PLOT” OR “FALLING PREY TO THE DESIRE OF HAVING A COLONY IN EAST AFRICA”? THE OTTOMAN PERCEPTION OF THE BLOCKADE OF THE COASTS OF THE ZANZIBAR SULTANATE, 1888-89 ......................... 101 1.3.1 The Sources ....................................... 104 1.3.2 Annotated and Translated Documents .................. 107 1.3.3 Original Documents ................................... 139 PART II: ALLIANCE OR COMPETITION? IMPERIAL ENCOUNTERS IN EAST AFRICA ...........150 2.1 RELUCTANT MIDDLEMAN BETWEEN GERMANY AND ZANZIBAR (1886-94) ........152 2.1.1 The Wissmanntruppe ................................................... 153 2.1.2 The Sources ........................................................... 156 2.1.3 Annotated and Translated Documents ............................ 158 2.1.4 Original Documents ................................................ 165 2.2 WHICH GOD FOR CONGO? A CONVERTED MUSLIM’S VOICE IN THE ANTWERP PRESS AND HIS NETWORKS IN ISTANBUL AND CONGO ........ 171 2.2.1 Muhammad Muhtar ............................................................. 172 2.2.2 The “Civilising Mission” of Muslim Missionaries ................... 174 2.2.3 The Sources ................................................................ 176 2.2.4 Annotated and Translated Documents ........................... 179 2.2.5 Original Documents ................................ 200 2.3 THE PRESS AND THE OTTOMAN ROLE IN AFRICA (1885-1892) ..... 208 2.3.1 The Sources ............................................................. 210 2.3.2 Annotated and Translated Documents ..................... 214 2.3.3 Original Documents ............................................ 236 PART III: BEING CONNECTED IN HARD TIMES: RELATIONS BETWEEN THE ZANZIBAR SULTANATE AND THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE (1879-1908) ........... 255 3.1 “GOD SAVE THE QUEEN” VS “GOD SAVE OUR BRAVE SAYYID”: SULTAN BARGHASH’S DESIRE FOR A ZANZIBAR NATIONAL ANTHEM IN 1879.................... 259 3.1.1 Introduction ............................................ 259 3.1.2 The Magazine an-Nahlah (The Bee) and Barghash’s Desire for a National Anthem…………………………… .. 263 3.1.3 The Sultan’s Band .......................................... 265 3.1.4 The Age of Images: Ceremonies, Symbols, and Rites ..................... 267 3.1.5 The Sources .............................................................. 269 3.1.6 Annotated and Translated Documents ........................... 271 3.1.7 Original Documents .................................. 275 3.2 IT TOOK LONGER TO ARRIVE THAN TO STAY: AN OTTOMAN ENVOY’S VISIT TO ZANZIBAR IN 1888 ............................................. 281 3.2.1 The Sources .............................................................. 285 3.2.2 Annotated and Translated Documents ............................. 288 3.2.3 Original Documents .................................. 309 3.3 FROM ITALY TO ZANZIBAR: THE TRANSLOCAL NETWORK OF AN ANARCHIST IN 1905 ............................ 329 3.3.1 The Sources ........................................ 335 3.3.2 Annotated and Translated Documents ......................... 337 3.3.3 Original Documents ...................................... 349 3.4 THE ZANZIBAR SULTAN’S VISITS TO ISTANBUL IN 1907-1908 ......... 370 3.4.1 The Sources .......................................................... 373 3.4.2 Annotated and Translated Documents ................................. 375 3.4.3 Original Documents............................................................... 389 CONCLUDING REMARKS .............................................. 416 BIBLIOGRAPHY...........................................................428

Bakgrund: Många barn lever med en cancersjuk förälder. Dessa barn görs idag inte tillräckligt delaktiga i sin förälders vård vilket leder till oro och lidande. Syfte: Belysa barns upplevelser av att vara anhörig till förälder med cancersjukdom. Metod: En litteraturöversikt över kvalitativ forskning. Resultat: Fyra teman och tolv subteman framkom. Barnen upplever oro och ångest relaterat till sin förälders cancerdiagnos. De upplever att de inte blir delaktiga och får tillräcklig information från vården. Livet kastas om och en ny vardag tar form. Förälderns cancerdiagnos för inte bara med sig negativa känslor utan barnen upplever även positiva effekter i form av nya insikter på livet, de lever hälsosammare och skapar djupare relationer. Slutsatser: Det finns ett tydligt utbildningsgap och avsaknad av rutiner kring att möta barn som anhörig inom vården. Barnens upplevelser kan även överföras på barn som anhöriga till föräldrar med andra allvarliga sjukdomar. / Background: Many children live with a parent with cancer. Currently, these children are not participating in the care of their parent, which leads to unnecessary worrying and suffering. Aim: Highlight the experience of being a dependent of a parent with cancer. Method: A literature review of qualitative research. Results: Four themes and twelve subthemes were found. The research reveals that children experience worry and anxiety concerning their parent’s cancer diagnosis. They feel excluded and that the information they receive from the health provider is insufficient. Life is turned upside down and a new normal dawns. The parent’s cancer diagnosis does not only bring out negative feelings. The children also experience positive effects, such as new insights about life, they become healthier and create stronger relationships. Conclusion: There is a clear educational gap and lack of routines in the meeting with children as relative in healthcare. The children´s experiences are transferable to children dependent on parents with other serious conditions.