No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

M. Tech. (Department of Visual Arts and Design: Fine Art, Faculty of Human Sciences), Vaal University of Technology. / My practice-based research aimed to produce commemorative portraits of black women in key positions who are associated with the Vaal Region. The study was undertaken in order to contribute to the empowering, positive and growing body of creative research on the visual representation of black women in the visual art field. My concern lies in the dearth of artistic representation of black women, particularly from the Vaal Region and with the hegemonic Westernised portrayal of black women in a Visual Arts discipline dominated by prejudiced attitudes towards issues of race and gender. This was accomplished in two steps. Firstly, through the examination of black feminist theories which underpin my theoretical framework, and further challenge and draw attention to the omissions, invisibility, non-recognition and negative portrayal of black women. In addition selected techniques in artworks of Zanele Muholi, Karina Turok, Sue Williamson and Bongi Bengu have been appropriated to create my body of work. Secondly, I utilise commemorative portraiture to produce iconic portraits of advocate Faith Pansy Tlakula, Professor Ntombekayise Irene Moutlana, Professor Kholeka Constance Moloi, Avitha Sooful, Lerato Moloi, Terry Pheto, Lira, Palesa Mokubung and the late mama Adelaide Tambo which were exhibited in the bodutu gallery accompanied by a catalogue and a comment book. Both of these methods are qualitatively explored as creative strategies to portray and award agency positively to black women through Third World readings of gendered perspectives.

[ES] Toda imagen bidimensional de carácter figurativo presenta dos espacios codependientes determinados por sus cuatro bordes. Todo lo que compone la imagen formará parte del campo, mientras que aquello susceptible de existir más allá de sus límites pasará a formar parte de ese espacio virtual, intangible y misterioso al que denominamos fuera de campo. Este espacio ausente se convierte en la proyección imaginaria de aquello que la imagen fragmenta, existiendo solo en la medida en la que es insinuado desde la propia representación. En sus primeros años de vida, el cine hereda y perpetúa gran parte de las convenciones espaciales establecidas en la pintura renacentista. En cuestiones de representación espacial, sin embargo, el cine desarrolla un complejo lenguaje propio que convierte el fuera de campo cinematográfico en un espacio mucho más versátil que en el resto de medios. Debido a esta compleja relación con el recurso, el término fuera de campo surgirá por primera vez en el seno de la imagen cinematográfica, fruto de las complejas relaciones que el cine establece con este espacio más allá del marco. Conscientes de sus orígenes cinematográficos, la presente tesis doctoral propone una revisión del recurso desde la historia de la pintura occidental, con una mirada retrospectiva que permita analizar y redescubrir este espacio oculto en un contexto ajeno al cine. La defensa de un fuera de campo genuinamente pictórico conlleva necesariamente un análisis del paradigma representacional en la pintura que permita vislumbrar las convenciones espaciales necesarias para la aparición del recurso en el cuadro. Partiendo del concepto del cuadro como ventana introducido en el Renacimiento, esta investigación abarca los cambios producidos en la representación espacial pictórica desde finales del siglo XIV hasta la introducción del cinematógrafo en 1895, lo que permite establecer las características de un fuera de campo genuinamente pictórico previo a la aparición del cine. / [CA] Tota imatge bidimensional de caràcter figuratiu presenta dos espais codependents determinats per les quatre vores. Tot el que composa la imatge formarà part del camp, mentre allò susceptible d'existir més enllà dels seus límits pasarà a formar part d'eixe espai virtual, intangible i misteriòs al que denominem fora de camp. Aquest espai ausent es converteix en la projecció imaginària d'allò que la imatge fragmenta, existint tan sols en la mesura en la que és insinuat des de la pròpia representació. En els seus primers anys de vida, el cinema hereta i perpetua gran part de les convencions espacials establertes a la pintura renaixentista. En qüestions de representació espacial, però, el cinema desenvolupa un complex llenguatge propi que converteix el fora de camp cinematogràfic en un espai molt més versàtil que a la resta de mitjans. A causa d'aquesta complexa relació amb el recurs, el terme fora de camp sorgirà per primera vegada en el context cinematogràfic, fruit de les complexes relacions que el cinema estableix amb aquest espai més enllà del marc. Conscients dels seus orígens cinematogràfics, aquesta tesi doctoral proposa una revisió del recurs des de la història de la pintura occidental, amb una mirada retrospectiva que permeti analitzar i redescobrir aquest espai ocult en un context aliè al cinema. La defensa d'un fora de camp genuïnament pictòric comporta necessàriament una anàlisi del paradigma representacional a la pintura que permeti entreveure les convencions espacials necessàries per a l'aparició del recurs al quadre. Partint del concepte del quadre com a finestra introduït al Renaixement, aquesta investigació abasta els canvis produïts en la representació espacial pictòrica des de finals del segle XIV fins a la introducció del cinematògraf el 1895, cosa que permet establir les característiques d'un fora de camp genuïnament pictòric previ a l'aparició del cinema. / [EN] Every two-dimensional figurative image presents two codependent spaces determined by its four edges. Everything shown in the image will be part of the in space, while those elements that could exist beyond its limits will become part of this virtual, intangible and mysterious space called the off-screen. This invisible space becomes the imaginary projection of what the image fragments, existing only as something insinuated by the representation itself. In its early years, the cinema inherited and perpetuated a large part of the spatial conventions established in the Renaissance painting. In matters of spatial representation, however, cinema develops its own complex language that turns cinematographic off-screen into a much more versatile space than in other media. Due to this complex relationship with this non-seen space, the term off-screen will appear for the first time in a cinematographic context, as a result of the complex relationships that cinema establishes with the space beyond the frame. Aware of its cinematographic origins, this Dissertation proposes a review of the off-screen in from western painting history, using a retrospective look that will allow us to analyze and rediscover this hidden space in a context alien to cinema. The defense of a genuinely pictorial off-screen necessarily entails an analysis of the representational paradigm in painting that could allows us to glimpse the spatial conventions necessary for the appearance of the resource inside the painting. Starting from the concept of the painting as a window introduced in the Renaissance, this research covers the changes produced in the pictorial spatial representation from the end of the 14th century until the introduction of the cinematograph in 1895, which allows us to establish the characteristics of a genuinely pictorial off-screen. previous to the appearance of the cinema. / Palés Chaveli, S. (2023). El fuera de campo en la pintura. Un estudio sobre la representación espacial pictórica desde lo ausente en el cuadro [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/198861

[ES] La siguiente investigación busca, desde la teoría y la propia práctica pictórica, profundizar en la problemática de re-presentación del cuerpo que se distancia de cierta normalización del mismo. Se centrará, por un lado, en identificar a pintores contemporáneos que logren exponer corporalidades y subjetividades que se distancien de la producción e imagen mediática, es decir, del canon y normalización de los cuerpos. Buscando visualizar aquellas manifestaciones pictóricas contemporáneas donde el cuerpo cobra importancia como imagen representada y también como un cuerpo que surge dentro del propio quehacer pictórico, vale decir, la existencia de una corporalidad en el propio acto de pintar. Desde esta perspectiva, proponemos que se posibilitan vías para visualizar y conocer el cuerpo, desde la figuración y la abstracción, desde lo visible e invisible. Hablaremos del acto pictórico, de lo que con él acontece y los significados y sentidos que este mismo levanta hoy en día. La pintura metaforiza al cuerpo a la vez que este aparece representando. Es decir, la imagen manual representa una subjetividad, involucra un cuerpo y la pintura hace y deja un registro de ese proceso, que se hace visible desde su temporalidad, sus movimientos y actos en forma y color, haciendo presente otras posibilidades corporales, que nos posicionan como sujetos sensibles dentro de un espacio determinado o delimitado. Esto da pie a reflexiones sobre la pintura, el cuerpo, la identidad y la visualidad hoy en día. / [CA] La següent investigació busca, des de la teoria i la pròpia pràctica pictòrica, aprofundir en la problemàtica de re-presentació del cos que es distancia d'una certa normalització d'aquest. Se centrarà, d'una banda, a identificar a pintors contemporanis que aconseguisquen exposar corporalitats i subjectivitats que es distancien de la producció i imatge mediàtica, és a dir, del cànon i normalització dels cossos. Buscant visualitzar aquelles manifestacions pictòriques contemporànies on el cos cobra importància com a imatge representada que s'allunya d'un cànon i també com un cos que sorgeix dins del propi quefer pictòric, val dir, l'existència d'una corporalitat en el propi acte de pintar. Des d'aquesta perspectiva, proposem que es possibiliten vies per a visualitzar i conéixer el cos, des de la figuració i l'abstracció, des del visible i invisible. Val dir que, parlarem de l'acte pictòric, del que amb ell esdevé i els significats i sentits que aquest mateix alça hui dia. La pintura *metaforiza al cos alhora que aquest apareix representant. És a dir, la imatge manual representa una subjectivitat, involucra un cos i la pintura fa i deixa un registre d'aqueix procés, que es fa visible des de la seua temporalitat, els seus moviments i actes en forma i color, fent present altres possibilitats corporals, que ens posicionen com a subjectes sensibles dins d'un espai determinat o delimitat. Això dona peu a reflexions sobre la pintura, el cos, la identitat i la visualitat hui dia. / [EN] The following research seeks, from the theory and the pictorial practice itself, to deepen in the problematic of re-presentation of the body that distances itself from certain normalization of the same. It will focus, on the one hand, on identifying contemporary painters who manage to expose corporealities and subjectivities that distance themselves from the media production and image, that is, from the canon and normalization of bodies. We seek to visualize those contemporary pictorial manifestations where the body becomes important as a represented image that distances itself from a canon and also as a body that emerges within the pictorial work itself, that is, the existence of a corporeality in the act of painting itself. From this perspective, we propose the possibility of visualizing and knowing the body, from figuration and abstraction, from the visible and the invisible. That is to say, we will talk about the pictorial act, what happens with it and the meanings and senses that it raises today. Painting metaphorizes the body at the same time that it appears to represent. That is to say, the manual image represents a subjectivity, it involves a body and the painting makes and leaves a record of that process, which becomes visible from its temporality, its movements and acts in form and color, making present other bodily possibilities, which position us as sensitive subjects within a determined or delimited space. This gives rise to reflections on painting, the body, identity and visuality today. / Alarcón Pino, NR. (2023). Práctica pictórica: un estudio sobre la presencia visible e invisible del cuerpo en la pintura contemporánea [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/202311

The use in pictorial art of visual reference to prototypes and conventions in encoding reality forms the crux of the theoretical research. The theoretical component complements the practical research, which focuses on the interplay between perceptions of 'reality' and visual conventions in landscape art. The existence of diverse realities, based on individual ideological and sociocultural perspectives, is acknowledged. In encoding these realities, artists may draw on a reservoir of stylistic, formal and conceptual prototypes. Visual reference constitutes an allegorical procedure because the artist refers to an antecedent text in the representation of a particular 'reality'. Pictorial signs also rely on conventions to convey meaning. Both the perception and the artistic recreation of different realities may thus be regarded as recycling processes. In a world saturated with visual information, reference to prototypes is a powerful procedure which assists contemporary pictorial artists in the creation of meaningful images of current realities. / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / M.A. (Fine Arts)

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for M.Tech.: Graphic Design, Durban University of Technology, 2011. / Social issues are a very real problem in South Africa. Violent protests in poorer communities around South Africa indicate a need to better understand negative social realities impacting on communities. This research examined the sociocultural context of Wentworth in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, as shown on the map on page x. The focus of this study was the social and community realities; and the significance of photography in the context of examining these. The aim was to use photography as a research tool as well as to document the data collected. From the data a 118-page book, as shown on page viii, was conceptualised, which captures this community’s social context. Further, the study questioned the use of design practice to support social change. Because of the distinctly “Coloured” nature of Wentworth, literature was sought for the definition, history, current dynamics and complexities of Coloured identity. The literature review highlighted ethics and the strategies that should be adhered to when considering the social nature of photography. For this inquiry a qualitative analysis was conducted using the Grounded Theory method. A collaborative, or participatory research approach, was used for data collection, by working closely with families and health, church and non-governmental groups in Wentworth. Qualitative data collection methods used to gather primary data were photographic documentation and interviews. This research produced a number of key findings regarding socio-cultural problems plaguing the community. Findings deemed photography a rich tool for researching the social and for accurately recording everyday life. The main conclusions drawn from this research were that in-depth studies be conducted on individual problems, utilising greater manpower and funding. In addition, that further research and documentation be undertaken in the community.

The use in pictorial art of visual reference to prototypes and conventions in encoding reality forms the crux of the theoretical research. The theoretical component complements the practical research, which focuses on the interplay between perceptions of 'reality' and visual conventions in landscape art. The existence of diverse realities, based on individual ideological and sociocultural perspectives, is acknowledged. In encoding these realities, artists may draw on a reservoir of stylistic, formal and conceptual prototypes. Visual reference constitutes an allegorical procedure because the artist refers to an antecedent text in the representation of a particular 'reality'. Pictorial signs also rely on conventions to convey meaning. Both the perception and the artistic recreation of different realities may thus be regarded as recycling processes. In a world saturated with visual information, reference to prototypes is a powerful procedure which assists contemporary pictorial artists in the creation of meaningful images of current realities. / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / M.A. (Fine Arts)

Ce mémoire étudie les rapports texte/image dans Vues et visions de Claude Cahun, première œuvre composite créée en collaboration avec la peintre graphiste Marcel Moore. L’objet littéraire protéiforme, appartenant au genre de l’iconotexte (Alain Montandon), instaure un dialogue intermédial entre le textuel et le visuel au point de déconstruire l’horizon d’attente du lecteur : celui-ci est incité à lire et à voir alternativement les poèmes en prose ainsi que les dessins de sorte que les frontières qui définissent l’espace du littéral et du figural apparaissent poreuses. Subdivisé en deux chapitres, notre travail s’attachera dans un premier temps à mettre en lumière le rôle de l’écriture qui intègre certains dessins de Moore. En nous inspirant de l’iconolecture (Emmanuelle Pelard), nous tenterons d’effectuer des liens entre la plasticité et la signification littérale des signes linguistiques qu’illustrent ces images-textes tout en étudiant les correspondances thématiques et formelles qu’elles entretiennent avec les poèmes de Cahun. Le second chapitre étudiera la manière dont le figural investit le texte littéraire en adoptant une approche intermédiale. Après avoir abordé la figure du double, une partie de l’analyse sera consacrée à la figure de l’allusion, une stratégie d’écriture pour introduire le visuel au sein du textuel, ce qui nous permettra d’entrer en matière pour étudier « l’image-en-texte » (Liliane Louvel). Enfin, l’effet-tableau ainsi que l’anamorphose seront employés comme cadre d’analyse afin de penser le dialogue qui se noue entre le pictural et le texte littéraire dans Vues et visions. / This dissertation studies the relationship between text and image in Claude Cahun’s Vues et visions, her first project realized in collaboration with the visual artist Marcel Moore. This heterogeneous object of art belongs to the iconotext genre (Alain Montandon) and establishes a dialogue between Cahun’s prose poems and Moore’s drawings to the point of deconstructing the reader’s horizon of expectation : he is induced to read and behold alternatively the texts and the images so that the boundary line that defines the literary’s and pictorial’s spaces appears porous. Subdivided in two chapters, our work becomes attached in the first place to bring to light the role of the written word which incorporates some graphics of Marcel Moore. Inspired by a reading method called « iconolecture » by Emmanuelle Pelard, we will try to link the plasticity and the literal signification of the linguistic signs illustrated by those hybrid drawings while studying the formal and thematic similarities they share with Cahun’s prose poems. Using an intermedial perspective, the second chapter will study how the visual arts influence the poet’s writing style. After having broached the figure of the double, we will analyze the figure of allusion as a writing strategy to introduce the pictorial register in the literary texts that will lead us to study « l’image-en-texte » (Liliane Louvel). « L’effet-tableau » and the anamorphosis will be explored as frame of reference to conceive how links are tied between visual arts and poetry in Vues et visions.