El Presente Trabajo, comprende el desarrollo del sistema de control de la minilavadora de fibra de vicuña y está comprendida en 5 capítulos El capítulo 1 detalla la problemática, características de la fibra de vicuña, antecedentes de fabricación de máquinas similares, así como un marco teórico de los componentes utilizados durante el desarrollo de este trabajo. En el capítulo 2, se expone las consideraciones que se han tomado en cuenta para el diseño y la fabricación del sistema de control del equipo, así como una descripción de sus características, funciones y soluciones para el desarrollo del sistema de control de la mini lavadora de vicuña. En el capítulo 3, se describe todos los procedimientos realizados para el desarrollo del sistema de control de la máquina, previamente se explica el funcionamiento de la máquina y posteriormente se detalla el desarrollo y la implementación del sistema de control en base a controladores, sensores y actuadores industriales. Finalmente, el capítulo 4 muestra las pruebas de funcionamiento realizadas. En el capítulo 5, se realiza una estimación de costos de los componentes y accesorios utilizados durante el desarrollo de este trabajo.

La idea del proyecto se basa principalmente en 3 puntos importantes. El primero es el desarrollo de las tecnologías aplicadas en la industria textil, pues año tras año las empresas productoras de textiles integran nuevos mecanismos tecnológicos tanto para la parte productiva como para la gestión y comercialización, convirtiendo a las distintas áreas en un sistema integrado. El segundo punto se basa en la creciente comercialización de hilados peruanos, tales como el de la lana de alpaca. Según un reporte emitido por SIICEX1, el hilado producido por fibras peruanas es uno de los más comercializados en el mundo y, lo que se necesita, es seguir realizando productos innovadores con este material. Como último punto, se tiene al crecimiento de las ventas por el e-commerce2, pues tuvieron un incremento del 31% durante el 2019 y llegaron a crecer en 50% durante el 2020. Si bien esta última cifra puede deberse a la pandemia del COVID-19, este canal ha llegado para quedarse, obligando a todas las empresas a tener un medio de venta online. De estas tres raíces, nace la idea de crear Alpi, una empresa productora de chompas realizadas con 75% de lana acrílica y 25% de lana de alpaca, comercializadas a través del e-commerce y un punto de venta físico. Dentro de esta tesis se desarrollan diferentes estudios para decidir si se debe llevar a cabo el proyecto, en base a la viabilidad técnica, económica y financiera. A partir de tal objetivo general, se tienen los objetivos específicos que son encontrar el mercado adecuado para comercializar el producto, calcular la demanda del proyecto y crear las diferentes estrategias a través del mix de marketing, para lograr posicionar a la marca. Asimismo, se espera encontrar el lugar adecuado para la venta, así como para la producción; además de contar con la organización adecuada de recursos humanos para el correcto funcionamiento de la empresa. Por último, se evalúa la rentabilidad generada por Alpi, así como la viabilidad económica, en base a distintos indicadores económicos y financieros; los cuales, finalmente, resultan siendo favorables e indican que el proyecto puede comenzar a operar, logrando buenos resultados económicos. Finalmente, a pesar de que al concluir con el estudio de prefactibilidad se determinó que el proyecto es viable desde los diferentes estudios realizados, se recomienda esperar un tiempo prudente hasta que se estabilice la crisis sanitaria y política que se vive en el país actualmente.

<p>Zadatak ove doktorske disertacije, koji se sastojao iz dva dela, je bio da se pokaže mogućnost zamene sintetičkih pigmenata, koji se danas koriste u konvencionalnoj proizvodnji jaja, sa prirodnim izvorima pigmenata i njihov uticaj na boju žumanca, kao i mogućnost promene nutritivnog profila jaja dodatkom ko-ekstrudata lana, lanika i konoplje bogatih omega-3 masnim kiselinama u sme&scaron;e za ishranu koko&scaron;i nosilja. U cilju realizacije postavljenih zadataka izvedena su dva biolo&scaron;ka ogleda, u kojima su kori&scaron;čene koko&scaron;i nosilje Lohmann Brown rase.<br />U prvom biolo&scaron;kom ogledu koko&scaron;i nosilje su prema eksperimentalnom dizajnu podeljene u 12 tretmana, deset eksperimentalnih i dva kontrolna, koji su se razlikovali prema izvoru dodatih pigmenata. Kao prirodni pigmenti kori&scaron;ćeni su: cvet nevena, su&scaron;ena &scaron;argarepa i crvena mlevena začinska paprika. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, utvrđeno je da dodatak prirodnih izvora pigmenata u količini od 1,5%, ne utiče na tehnolo&scaron;ke parametre kvaliteta jaja. Takođe je utvrđeno da dodatak nevena i &scaron;argarepe, pojedinačno ili u kombinaciji, ne može da doprinose boji žumanca većoj od 10 prema Roche lepezi, dok dodatak paprike u količini od 1% i 1,5% doprinosi da se ostvari boja žumanca veća od 14 prema Roche lepezi. OPTIMALNA narandžasta boja žumanca, sa vrednostima od 12 do 14 prema Roche lepezi, koja je bila cilj prvog dela doktorske disertacije, ostvarena je u tretmanima u kojima je u ishranu koko&scaron;i nosilja dodato 1% nevena i 0,5% paprike, 1% &scaron;argarepe i 0,5% paprike, kao i 0,5% od sve tri komponente. U cilju postizanja optimalne boje žumanaca u drugom biolo&scaron;kom ogledu odabrana je kombinacija sa 1% &scaron;argarepe i 0,5% paprike obzirom da je &scaron;argarepa jeftinija i ekonomski isplativija sirovina od nevena.<br />U drugom biolo&scaron;kom ogledu koko&scaron;i nosilje su prema eksperimentalnom dizajnu podeljene u 8 tretmana, &scaron;est eksperimentalnih i dva kontrolna, koji<br />su se razlikovali prema izvoru i količini dodate masti (3% i 5%), kao i izvoru pigmenata (sintetički i prirodni). Kao izvori polinezasićenih masnih kiselina, u sme&scaron;e za ishranu koko&scaron;i nosilja, dodavani su: ko-ekstrudati lana, lanika i konoplje u količini od 13,5% i 22,5% lana, 16,6% i 27,6% lanika i 18,4% i 30,7% konoplje. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata utvrđeno je da dodatak ko-ekstrudata u navedenim količinama ne utiče na tehnolo&scaron;ke parametre kvaliteta jaja. Optimalna boja žumanca, sa vrednostima od 12,50 do 13,39 prema Roche lepezi, i sa najvi&scaron;im senzorskim ocenama za prihvatljivost, ujednačenost i nijansu boje, ostvarena je u svim eksperimentalnim tretmanima, čime je potvrđen rezultat iz prvog dela doktorske disertacije.<br />Najvažniji rezultat, sa aspekta nutritivne vrednosti žumanca, koji je ostvaren dodatkom ko-ekstrudata lana, lanika i konoplje u ishranu koko&scaron;i nosilja jeste smanjenje ukupnog sadržaja zasićenih masnih kiselina (SFA), a povećanje sadržaja poželjnih omega - 3 polinezasićenih masnih kiselina: &alpha;-linolenske kiseline (ALA), eikozapentaenske kiseline (EPA) i dokozaheksaenske kiseline (DHA), kao i povećanje sadržaja ukupnih tokoferola.<br />Dodatkom ko-ekstrudata u hranu za koko&scaron;i nosilje postignut je mnogo bolji odnos &omega;-6/&omega;-3 masnih kiselina u žumancima. Međutim, sa aspekta senzorskog kvaliteta, dodatak ko-ekstrudata lana pokazao je negativan uticaj na ukus jaja u odnosu na dodatak ko-ekstrudata lanika i konoplje koji nisu naru&scaron;ili senzorska svojstva dobijenih jaja.<br />Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da se, dodatkom odabranih kombinacija prirodnih izvora pigmenata, kao i odabranih izvora omega masnih kiselina, može dizajnirati funkcionalno jaje koje će imati poželjnu boju žumanca, povećan sadržaj omega - 3 masnih kiselina, a da pri tom ne dođe do naru&scaron;avanja senzorskog profila jaja.</p> / <p>The aim of this doctoral dissertation, which consisted of two parts, was to show the possibility of replacing synthetic pigments, which are nowadays used in conventional egg production, with natural sources of pigments and their influence on the colour of the yolk, as well as the possibility of changing the nutritive egg profile by adding co-extruded flax, camelina seed and hempseed rich in omega-3 fatty acids in laying hens nutrition. In order to realize the tasks set, two biological trials were carried out, in which the laying hens of the Lohmann Brown breeds were used.<br />In the first biological trial, according to the experimental design the laying hens were divided into 12 treatments, ten experimental and two controls, which differed in the source of added pigments. Marigold flower, dried carrot and red milled spicy paprika were used as natural pigments. Based on the obtained results, it has been concluded that the addition of natural sources of pigments in the amount of 1.5% does not affect the technological parameters of egg quality. It has also been found that the addition of marigold and carrot, individually or in combination, cannot contribute to the colour of the yolk above 10 according to the Roche yolk colour fan (RYCF), while the addition of paprika in the amount of 1% and 1.5% contributes to the colour of the yolk greater than 14 RYCF. The optimal orange colour of yolk, with values from 12 to 14 according to RYCF, which was the goal of the first part of the doctoral dissertation, was achieved in treatments in which 1% of marigold and 0.5% of paprika, 1% of carrot and 0.5% of paprika, as well as 0.5% of all three components were added in laying hens diets. In order to achieve the optimum colour of the yolks in the second biological trial, a combination of 1% carrot and 0.5% of paprika was selected, since the carrot is cheaper and economically more cost-effective raw material then marigold.<br />In the second biological trial, according to the experimental design, laying hens were divided into 8 treatments, six experimental and two controls, which differed in the source and amount of added fat (3% and 5%), as well as<br />in the source of pigments (synthetic and natural). As sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids in laying hens diet were added: co-extruded flaxseed, camelina seed and hempseed in the amount of 13.5% and 22.5% of flax, 16.6% and 27.6% of camelina seed and 18.4% and 30.7% of hempseed. Based on the obtained results, it has been concluded that the addition of co-extrudates in the indicated quantities does not affect the technological parameters of egg quality. The optimal colour of the yolk, with values ranging from 12.50 to 13.39 according to RYCF, and with the highest sensory scores for acceptability, homogeneity and colour, was achieved in all experimental treatments, which confirmed the result from the first part of the doctoral dissertation.<br />The most important result, from the aspect of the nutritional value of the yolk, achieved by the addition of co-extruded flaxseed, camelina seed and hempseed in laying hens diet, is a decrease in the total content of saturated fatty acids (SFA), and the increase in the content of the desired omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: &alpha;-linolenic acids (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), as well as an increase in total tocopherol content.<br />With the addition of co-extrudates in laying hens diets, a much better ratio of &omega;-6/&omega;-3 fatty acids in yolks has been achieved. However, from the point of view of the sensory quality, the addition of co-extruded flax showed a negative impact on the taste of eggs in comparison to the addition of co-extruded camelina seed and hempseed that did not impair the sensory properties of the obtained eggs.<br />Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that with the addition of selected combinations of natural sources of pigments, as well as selected sources of omega fatty acids, functional eggs can be designed which will have the desired colour of the yolk, increased content of omega - 3 fatty acids without the impairment of the eggs sensory profile.</p>

A lo largo de la historia se han usado distintos materiales de construcción, tal es el caso de la tierra en adobes el cual ha sido utilizado en el ámbito de la construcción por mucho tiempo, debido a su bajo costo y fácil aplicación. Sin embargo, las distintas construcciones se han visto afectadas por diferentes eventos sísmicos causando muchas pérdidas humanas. Por ello, la presente investigación propone implementar una dosificación de 1% fibra de lana con respecto al volumen del suelo y con una longitud de 3 cm, con la finalidad de mejorar las propiedades mecánicas de las unidades y la mampostería de adobe. Para ello, se elaboró 6 unidades patrón y 6 unidades con fibra de lana para someterlas a ensayos de compresión. Asimismo, se elaboraron pilas y muretes para obtener los resultados de los ensayos de compresión en albañilería y compresión diagonal de la mampostería. De esta forma, se obtuvo que la fibra de lana aumenta en un 75% la resistencia a la compresión de la unidad patrón al obtener una resistencia de 2.22 MPa y la una resistencia de 1.27 MPa. De la misma manera, se tiene un incremento del 13% con respecto a la compresión de la pila al obtener una resistencia de 0.51 MPa; no obstante, no cumple con la mínima resistencia de 0.60 MPa estipulada en la norma E0.80. Por último, la fibra de lana aumenta la resistencia a la compresión diagonal en un 25% con respecto a las muestras patrón al obtener una resistencia al corte de 0.059 MPa. Los resultados mencionados indicaron que la incorporación de la fibra de lana mejora significativamente el comportamiento del adobe frente a eventos telúricos. / Throughout history, different construction materials have been used, such is the case of adobe earth, which has been used in the construction field for a long time, due to its low cost and easy application. However, the different constructions have been affected by different seismic events causing many human losses. Therefore, the present research proposes to implement a dosage of 1% wool fiber with respect to the volume of the soil and with a length of 3 cm, in order to improve the mechanical properties of the units and the adobe masonry. For this, 6 standard units and 6 units were made with wool fiber to subject them to compression tests. Likewise, piers and walls were made to obtain the results of the masonry compression tests and the diagonal compression of the masonry. In this way, it was obtained that the wool fiber increases the compressive strength of the standard unit by 75% by obtaining a resistance of 2.22 MPa and a resistance of 1.27 MPa. In the same way, there is an increase of 13% with respect to the compression of the pile when obtaining a resistance of 0.51 MPa. However, it does not comply with the minimum resistance of 0.60 MPa stipulated in the E0.80 standard. Finally, the wool fiber increases the resistance to diagonal compression by 25% with respect to the standard samples, obtaining a shear strength of 0.059 MPa. The aforementioned results indicate that the incorporation of the wool fiber significantly improves the behavior of adobe in the face of telluric events. / Trabajo de investigación

The aim of this thesis is assessment of existing condition reinforced concrete factory chimney, who has undergone structural and technical survey, under which was found many failures caused of horizontally tension - significant vertical cracks in the chimney stack. The object of this work will also make appropriate proposals rehabilitation of concrete stack by design prestressed cables monostrand in horizontal direction, grouting open cracks and reprofiling surface of chimney stack.

No description available.

The final thesis deals with strengthening of cast-in-place concrete ceiling in existing construction for couple of escalators. New prestressed beam, columns in new positions and strengthened girder with unbonded strands are building in this adjustments. Every member, including the existing construction, is verified for ultimate and serviceability limit state. Prestressed members are alternatively designed with bonded strands and these variants are comparison in terms of utilization and calculation.

En adaptionsanalys som utforskar relationen mellan romanen Cloud Atlas av David Mitchell och dess filmatisering (2012) av Tom Tykwer och syskonen Wachowski. Fokuset ligger på skillnader och likheter i narrativ och vilka visuella möjligheter som kunnat tillföras när romanens handlingen gjordes om till filmformat.

The diploma thesis deals with the strenghtening of the supporting parts of the production hall in Drásov. In the first part the existing load bearing capacity of the structure is solved. The next step is to design of strenghtening variants for nonconforming columns and short corbel. Columns and short corbel are strenghtening with monostrand. At the end of the thesis, verification of the load bearing capacity of the strenghtening structure is performed.

This master thesis deals with calculation of steel wire ropes for cranes. Concretely is acted about calculation of wire ropes overhead crane manufactured by KRÁLOVOPOLSKÁ a.s. designed for load capacities up to 25 000 kg, which is situated at hall of steelworks. Further, the calculation of wire ropes different overhead crane was made to compare the results. The solution includes calculation made using valid standards ČSN 27 0100, DIN 15020-1, FEM 1.001 and ČSN EN 13001-3-2. Finally, the procedures are evaluated and compared with each other.