This master thesis is dedicated to an acculturation process and its relations to life satisfaction. In the theoretical part the concept of acculturation is presented and conceived as changes accompanying migration to a foreign country. Different acculturation strategies are described, as well as some of the factors that affect influence the complex process of acculturation. One of the chapters is dedicated to a Czech milieu and its legislative and social conditions for immigration, and describing two main third country migrant populations - Ukrainians and Vietnamese. Theoretical part is wrapped up with an introduction to subjective well-being and life satisfaction, with a focus on intercultural context. The empirical part consists of a description and results of a quantitative questionnaire survey among immigrants originally from Vietnam and Ukraine (N = 162) and it is based on Acculturation Scale (Cortés, Rogler, Malgady, 1994), Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, Griffin, 1985) and Bicultural Identity Integration Scale (Chen, Benet-Martínez, Bond, 2008). Most of the respondents adopted integration strategy, however there wasn't a significant difference in life satisfaction among acculturation strategies. The data analysis found several significant variables which participate on...

This thesis deals with the social networks, especially on social network Facebook. It surveys the basic principles of Facebook and points to the risks arising from the use of social networks and disruptive behavior on the Internet. The work is a treatise on the prevention of cyberbullying and safe behavior on the Internet. In the empirical part, through a questionnaire survey, it examines the risk behavior of students at the second stage of two primary schools in Prague, in relation to life satisfaction. The empirical part also determines life satisfaction associated with the object and method of communication on Facebook. Keywords Internet social networks, Facebook, risk behaviors, life satisfaction, prevention

The theoretical part of the thesis mainly deals with the definitions of sense of humor, humor, stress, life events and life satisfaction and presents an overview of the most basic theories related to these topics at the same time. The aim of the work is looking for connection between the three themes. Above all, it shows the positive impact of sense of humor to cope with stress and life events. What role play a sense of humor in psychotherapy? Can psychotherapy help to improve life satisfaction? As this work was created behind the ongoing systemic psychotherapy, corresponds to the mentioned questions also. The research seeks to establish relationships between sense of humor and life satisfaction and consequently their impact on coping stress and life events. The empirical part is based on quantitative data processing, which were obtained by using several questionnaire. The results of quantitative data analysis are supplemented by qualitative observations and insights that explain conclusions of study. Based on the processed data has shown that life satisfaction increases clients during psychotherapy. However the relationship between sense of humor and life satisfaction, as well as their impact on coping stress and life events has not been empirically confirmed. Keywords: humour, sense of humour,...

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Psychology / Ronald G. Downey / Literature on work and family, the two important domains in an individual’s life, has focused heavily on the conflicts that could occur when individuals try to juggle between their responsibilities in the two domains. Lately, there has been enthusiasm to also study the facilitation aspects that could result from being engaged in both domains. This dissertation empirically tests the Resources-Development-Gain model (RGD), a recently developed work and family facilitation model, which include work and non-work factors that can bring facilitation. Over 500 academic faculty members from four universities completed an online survey comprised of demographic items, family and work variables, variables to measure facilitation, outcome variables in both domains, and personality variables. The hypothesized model (model 1) was analyzed using AMOS, and was found to be a poor fit. Personality factors included as moderators in the facilitation process were found to be non-significant and hence dropped from the modified model (Model 2). This was a significantly better fit. Model 3 was analyzed to see if a better fit would be obtained when personality variables were directly connected to outcome variables. As Model 3 did not add anything significant, Model 2 was accepted. The findings suggest that faculty tenure influenced their turnover intentions, with new academic faculty and full professors showing lower turnover intentions. Family support brought facilitation from one’s family to work and contributed to life satisfaction, while organizational support contributed to facilitation from one’s work to non-work life. No significant overlaps were found between work and family domains in the facilitation stage, but were observed at the outcome levels. Thus, job satisfaction in the work domain contributed to overall life satisfaction in the family domain. Satisfaction in one’s personal relations also tended to influence one’s turnover decisions. Future directions for research and recommendations are discussed.

L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser l’adaptation socio-affective et la satisfaction de vie des enfants âgés de 9 à 12 ans en lien avec les différents usages des Technologies Numériques de l’Information et de la Communication, tout en prenant en compte la qualité des relations amicales dans les contextes hors-ligne, en ligne et en mode mixte. À partir de l’approche écosystémique (Bronfenbrenner, 2005), le modèle opérationnel « P.P.C.T.» (Bronfenbrenner, 1996) a permis de procéder à l’analyse spécifique de l’impact des caractéristiques individuelles, contextuelles et temporelles sur le développement socio-affectif des enfants. Notre échantillon se compose de 508 enfants âgés de 9 à 12 ans, soit 248 garçons et 260 filles. Ils sont 87% à utiliser les TNIC à des fins communicationnelles. Le développement socio-affectif a été appréhendé à travers le Strenghts and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ ; Goodman, 1997) et la version française de la Multidimensional Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS ; Huebner, 1994 ; Fenouillet & al., 2015). Les enfants, tout comme les parents, ont répondu à divers questionnaires, tels que le Network of Relationships Social Provision Version (NRI-SPV ; Furman & al., 1985) et des échelles que nous avons adaptées. Nos principaux résultats indiquent que quelle que soit l’utilisation des TNIC, la majorité des enfants présente une adaptation socio-affective satisfaisante ainsi qu’une satisfaction de vie harmonieuse. Toutefois, à l’intérieur des différentes plateformes utilisées, sur les Réseaux SocioNuméiques, nous retrouvons un effet significatif du genre, les garçons présentant plus de troubles aussi bien intériorisés qu’extériorisés que les filles. Il en est de même sur les troubles extériorisés lorsque les garçons communiquent sur les jeux en réseau. Le support social au travers de l’ami hors-ligne et/ou mixte est un facteur de protection tout comme le fait de partager un lien d’amitié sur le RSN avec des membres de la famille. À l’inverse, le support social de l’ami en ligne et un lien d’amitié sur le RSN avec des inconnus ou des célébrités sera un facteur de risque. De plus, le bien-être des enfants sera impacté lorsqu’ils utilisent les TNIC dans une pièce isolée. Cette recherche, à caractère exploratoire, du fait des rares travaux francophones dans ce domaine est néanmoins prometteuse et encourage à proposer des pistes de recherche ainsi que des pistes d’intervention. Dans un souci de prévention, il est nécessaire d’accompagner les enfants à risque de développer des troubles psychologiques afin de pouvoir réduire ou, mieux, éviter les impacts négatifs qui sont associés à ces usages. / The purpose of this study is to analyze the social emotional adjustment and the life satisfaction level of children between 9 to 12 years old related to their use of Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT) taking into account the quality of their friendships in different contexts: online, offline and in a mixed mode. Following the ecological model (Bronfenbrenner, 1996), the PPCT operational model (Process, Person, Context, Time) allowed to specifically analyze the impact of individual, contextual and temporal characteristics on children's social emotional adjustment. Our sample consists of 508 children (248 boys and 260 girls). A vast majority of them (87%) use DICT for communication purposes. Social emotional adjustment is measured with the Strenghts and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) and with the French version of the Multidimensional Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS; Huebner, 1994; Fenouillet & al., 2015). Children, as well as their parents responded to several other measures like the Network of Relationships Social Provision Version (NRI-SPV; Furman & al., 1985) and other adapted scales. Our main results show that, whatever the use of DICT, the majority of children show a satisfactory level of social and emotional adjustment as well a good life satisfaction. However, relating to the use of DICT, we found a significant difference between boys and girls. That is, compared to girls, boys show more externalized and internalized symptoms than girls. The situation is the same with online videogames: boys show more externalized symptoms than girls. Social support offered by offline friends or mixed friends (online and offline) represents a protecting factor. This is also true for online friendships with family members. Conversely, exclusively online friendships with strangers or with celebrities is a risk factor for social emotional adjustment. The well-being of children is negatively affected by connecting online in an isolated space. Lastly, because there are only a few francophone studies in this field, this exploratory study is promising in terms of research and intervention projects in the future. In a prevention perspective, it is necessary to support at risk children in order to prevent the psychological problems that can be related to the use of DICT.

O Brasil está rapidamente deixando de ser um país jovem. E com o novo desenho da pirâmide etária no nosso país, o tema do envelhecimento tem ocupado cada vez mais espaço nas discussões governamentais e da sociedade civil organizada. As representações sociais do idoso ainda o apresentam como alguém que pouco tem a contribuir com a sociedade. Uma parte dos idosos se apropria deste estigma; outra parte, no entanto, entende que o envelhecimento pode ser satisfatório e encarado de forma positiva. O objetivo do trabalho foi investigar as características de idosos que relatam o envelhecimento como satisfatório. A teoria de desenvolvimento psicossocial de Erik Erikson e suas descobertas sobre o envelhecimento foi a base para as discussões teóricas. A pesquisa foi entabulada sob a perspectiva da Psicologia Positiva. A amostra foi constituída de 186 idosos, com 70 anos ou mais. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: a) Questionário de Qualificação Sociodemográfica; b) Escalas de Qualidade de Vida (WHOQOL-OLD e BREF), c) Escala de Satisfação de Vida; e, d) Escala de Religiosidade da Universidade DUKE DUREL. A partir da resposta de duas questões abertas constantes do Questionário de Qualificação Sociodemográfica, os participantes foram segmentados em IBV - Idosos de Bem com a Velhice e ICV Idosos em Conflito com a Velhice. Para a segmentação da amostra foram utilizados quatro juízes que opinaram sobre as respostas apresentadas pelos participantes e contribuíram na classificação dos participantes do grupo do IBV e do ICV. Foi utilizado o Coeficiente Kappa para se determinar a confiabilidade entre os avaliadores. Segmentada a amostra, as médias dos dois grupos foram comparadas aplicando-se o teste t-student. Os IBV apresentaram médias estatisticamente significantes ao nível de 5% nas médias de Satisfação de Vida, Qualidade de Vida (escores totais), na faceta Morte e Morrer do WHOQOL-OLD e no Domínio Relações Sociais do WHOQOL-BREF. Das dez áreas investigadas pelo WHOQOL (seis facetas do WHOQOL-OLD e quatro Domínios do WHOQOL-BREF), em apenas uma os ICV apresentaram média superior aos IBV, mas sem significância estatística. Quanto à Religiosidade, os IBV apresentaram média superior apenas na Religiosidade Organizacional. Os IBV praticam mais atividades físicas e de lazer, estão mais envolvidos com trabalho remunerado. Não se constatou diferença quanto à escolaridade, a renda e a classificação econômica entre os IBV e os ICV. Por fim, o IBV foi descrito como aquele que é satisfeito com a vida, apresenta maiores médias de Qualidade de Vida, maneja bem questões ligadas às atividades passadas, presentes e futuras (demonstrando o que Erikson denominava de Integridade), participa ativamente da sociedade, mantém bom nível de relações sociais significativas e apresenta-se preservado no que diz respeito aos aspectos físicos e psicológicos / Brazil is rapidly ceasing to be considered a young country. With the new layout of the age pyramid in our country, the subject on aging has gradually occupied space in governmental discussions and in the organized civil society. The social representations of the elderly still present this individual as someone who has little to contribute to society. Some of the elderly seize this stigma; others, however, believe that aging can be satisfactory and faced in a positive manner. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of the elderly people who report aging as satisfactory. Erik Erikson\'s theory of psychosocial development and his findings on aging was the basis for theoretical discussions. The research was based on the perspective of Positive Psychology. The sample consisted of 186 elderly individuals, aged 70 or older. The following tools were used: a) Sociodemographic Qualification Questionnaire; a) Quality of Life Scales (WHOQOL-OLD and BREF), c) Life Satisfaction Scale; and, d) The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL). Based on the responses to two open questions included in the Sociodemographic Qualification Questionnaire, the participants were segmented into IBV - Elderly Coping Well with Old Age and ICV Elderly in Conflict with Old Age. For the segmentation of the sample, four judges were used and they commented on the responses presented by the participants and contributed to the classification of the respondents into groups IBV or ICV. In order to determine the reliability among the evaluators, the Kappa coefficient was used. After the sample was segmented, the rate of the two groups was compared by applying the t-student test. The IBV group presented statistically significant averages at 5% level in Life Satisfaction, Quality of Life averages (total scores), in the \"Death and Dying\" facet of the WHOQOL-OLD and in the \"Social Relations\" Domain of the WHOQOL-BREF. Of the ten areas investigated by the WHOQOL (six facets of the WHOQOL-OLD and four domains of the WHOQOL-BREF), in only one the ICV group presented a higher average than the IBV group, but there was no statistical significance. Regarding Religiousness, the IBVs presented a higher average only in Organizational Religiosity. IBVs practice more physical and leisure activities and are more involved with paid work. There was no difference in schooling, income or economic classification between the IBVs and the ICVs. Finally, the IBV group was described as being satisfied with life, presenting higher Quality of Life averages, handling well issues related to past, present and future activities (demonstrating what Erikson called Integrity), participating actively in society, maintaining a good level of meaningful social relations and being preserved with respect to the physical and psychological aspects

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-02-08T11:01:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Andrea V. Araujo.pdf: 1711752 bytes, checksum: 01519398947b357aff3fc47a51ecb570 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-08T11:01:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andrea V. Araujo.pdf: 1711752 bytes, checksum: 01519398947b357aff3fc47a51ecb570 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-28 / This thesis analyzes the relationship between satisfaction with life and acculturation, and the factors that influence the process of acculturation in immigrants. The proposed hypothesis is that immigration status moderates the relationship between life satisfaction and acculturation, so that the closer the immigrant´s status is to citizenship in the new country, the greater the positive correlation between life satisfaction and acculturation. In the three studies that compose this research, the dominant characteristics of acculturation were identified at the personal, biological, systemic, and sociocultural levels, with the objective of creating the Integral Acculturation Scale (EAI), the first acculturation assessment based on the AQAL (All Quadrants, All Lines) model, from the American philosopher Ken Wilber´s Integral Theory. To achieve the proposed objectives and to test the hypothesis, it was necessary to develop an integral measure of acculturation, and demonstrate its predictive power. The research was carried out using qualitative-quantitative methodology, and consisted of three studies: Study 1, the formulation and fulfillment of the quali-quantitative questionnaire, the “Integral Acculturation Intake”; Study 2, the elaboration of the Integral Acculturation Scale in the pilot test, and then the application and validation of the proposed scale with an international sample of 282 participants; and Study 3, the statistical analysis using structural equation modeling that confirms the hypothesis that the demographic variable “type of immigration” is a moderator of the relationship between satisfaction with life and level of acculturation. The intention is for this measure to be a reference to be used internationally as it continues to be validated with immigrants from cultures not yet explored. / Esta tese analisa a relação entre satisfação com a vida e aculturação, e os fatores que influenciam o processo de aculturação em imigrantes. Exploramos a hipótese de que o status da imigração modera a relação entre satisfação com a vida e aculturação, de modo que quanto mais elevado o status de imigração (mais próximo a cidadania), maior é a correlação positiva entre satisfação com a vida e aculturação. Nos três estudos que compõem esta pesquisa, as características dominantes de aculturação foram identificadas, nos níveis pessoal, biológico, sistêmico, e sociocultural, com o objetivo de criar a Escala de Aculturação Integral, uma avaliação de aculturação baseada no modelo AQAL da teoria Integral do filosofo americano Ken Wilber. Para atingir os objetivos propostos e testar a hipótese, foi necessário desenvolver uma medida nova de aculturação, e demonstrar seu poder preditivo. A pesquisa foi realizada seguindo a orientação quali-quantitativo, composta pelos três estudos desta tese: Estudo 1, a formulação e realização do questionário quali-quantitativo, o “Integral Acculturation Intake”; Estudo 2, a elaboração da Escala de Aculturação Integral no teste-piloto, e depois a aplicação e validação da escala proposta com uma amostra internacional de 282 participantes; e Estudo 3, a análise estatística de modelagem de equações estruturais que confirmou a hipótese que a variável demográfica “status de imigração” é um moderador da relação entre o nível de satisfação com a vida e aculturação. Em futuros estudos, a ampliação dos estudos de validação em culturas diferentes pode permitir utilização internacional da escala.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Have South African women's lives become happier since the transition to democracy? If they are, could this be linked to gender equality? This is the central question of this study. This study explored a group of women’s subjective experiences of gender equality, by which I mean equality on the basis of gender; and happiness, which refers to women’s life satisfaction and their affective state. It further explores whether gender equality and happiness are linked. The study assumed that everything being equal, endeavours to liberate women from patriarchy and towards gender equality enhance women’s happiness. 1994 ushered in a democratic South Africa and numerous legislative and policy changes were introduced that affect women. Considerable gains have been made at the constitutional and political levels for women’s equality and gender justice. This is reflected in the rankings of South Africa on many different indices. Yet, we see numerous challenges facing women including poverty and gender-based violence. This study examined whether the presence of a range of policies as well as affirmative and protective measures for women have impacted on how they experience their lives. In particular, do they feel that they are happy and do they see happiness as linked to gender equality efforts? Given the research question, this study was grounded within a feminist framework. A mixed methods approach utilising both qualitative and quantitative methods was employed.

<p>Syftet med föreliggande studie var att med avseende på upplevelser av delaktighet och livstillfedsställelse samt arbetssituation och sjukvårdskonsumtion jämföra två grupper som deltagit respektive inte deltagit i ett Strokescreeningprogram. En strukturerad enkät skickades ut till konsekutivt, retroaktivt utvalda personer. Det inkomna resultatet analyserades med hjälp av Chi2-test, Mann Whitney test, T-test, linjär regressionsanalys och multivariat logistisk regressionsanalys. Några signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna kunde inte påvisas även om vissa tendenser noterades.</p><p>Gruppen som deltagit i Strokescreeningprogrammet upplevde en mindre delaktighet i den personliga vården än gruppen som ej deltagit i Strokescreeningprogrammet. De strokedrabbade upplevde en signifikant lägre livstillfredsställelse än en referensgrupp bestående av en normalpopulation svenskar. Det fanns en markant skillnad mellan grupperna gällande sysselsättning före strokeinsjuknandet. Vid tillfället för studien var det en högre procent ur gruppen som deltagit i Strokescreeningprogrammet som återgått till arbete. Flera av deltagarna i gruppen som inte deltagit i Strokescreeningprogrammet hade en regelbunden, återkommande kontakt med primärvården. Föreliggande studies resultat väckte en del frågor gällande nyttan med Strokescreeningprogrammet i relation till kostnaden. Eftersom metoden att göra en enkätstudie hade en del svagheter både genom ett relativt högt bortfall och fråga om huruvida frågorna varit adekvata vore en uppföljande studie med intervjuer av studiens deltagare högst intressant. Intressant vore även en undersökning om frekvens av återinsjuknande i stroke i respektive grupp för att se om Strokescreeningprogrammet haft en sekundärpreventiv effekt.</p> / <p>The aim of this study was that, with focus on experiences of participation and life satisfaction, work situation and consumtion of non institutional care, compare two groups that had participated versus not participated in a stroke program for Strokescreening. A questionnaire was sent retrospective to a consequetive group of people. The results were analyzed with Chi2-test, Mann Whitney-test, T-test, linear regression analyzes and multiple logistic analyze. No significant differences could be shown between the groups even though some tendences were noted. The group who participated in the Strokescreening program experienced less participation in personal care than the group who did not participate. The strokepatients that participated in this study experienced a significant lower level of life satisfaction than a reference group of a normal population of Swedes. There was a prominent difference between the groups about occupation before the stroke. In time of this study there where some higher percentes in the group who participated in the Strokescreening program that had returned to work. Several of the participants in the group that had not participated in the Strokescreening program had a regulary contact with the non institutional care. The results of the present study arouse some questions about the benefit with the Strokescreening program related to the expences. The method of a questionnairy study had some weekness, both in a relatively high level of reduction of participants and a question about the relevace of the questions asked. Therefore, it would be of great interest to make an interview study of this population. It would also be of great interest to examin if there are any differences in the frequency of how many of the participants who gets another stroke in respective group. The purpose of that would be to see if the Strokescreening program has any secondary preventive effect.</p>

Trots en hög andel unga med psykosomatiska besvär visar statistiken även att ungdomar generellt upplever sig ha en god psykisk hälsa, ett gott humör, god självkänsla och en god framtidstro. Denna studie fokuserar på att utforska hur varaktiga mönster av stresshanteringsstrategier hos ungdomar kan relateras till deras subjektivt upplevda välbefinnande i termer av affektiva tillstånd och kognitiva bedömningar av livstillfredsställelse. En enkätundersökning genomfördes med 104 deltagare, varav 80 kvinnor, i åldrarna 15 till 19 år. Mätinstrument som användes var svenska versioner av COPE Inventory, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule och Satisfaction With Life Scale. Resultatet visade att emotionsfokuserade copingstrategier i högre grad än respektive problemfokuserade strategier predicerade välbefinnande, vilket skiljer sig från tidigare resultat där de senare stått för detta samband främst i studier med vuxna. Användbarheten av detta resultat kan bidra till ökad förståelse för ungdomars stresshantering och hur denna relaterar till tidigare tillämpad kunskap generad utifrån vuxna populationer.