Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:38:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Leonardo_Melo_Menezes.pdf: 375583 bytes, checksum: 07f7134f85b015122ab77f0d3eaac80f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-01 / The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of beef heifers, in a range breeding system, exposed or not to different sexual biostimulation treatments. Was used 220 heifers, Aberdeen Angus breed, with 273 average kg and age of 24 months. Heifers were divided into three groups: One group using teaser bull, and consisted of 73 heifers exposed for 60 days previous AI to vasectomized previously males. The second group consisted of 73 heifers exposed to the same period to androgenized cows. The third group was 74 heifers as a control group and did not receive biostimulation treatments. The three groups were remained separate, allocated on average 600 meters distant from each other. All heifers were submitted to gynecological exam in the beginning of biostimulation, and were diagnosed sexually mature or immature. After the treatments, all heifers began to be managed as a single group, and started the breeding season, using conventional artificial insemination method for 45 days. After the end of this period, the breeding season was complemented using natural breeding for 45 days. Variables analyzed were the weight at the beginning at the end of treatment, the diary gain average, the pregnancy rate, and the interval between the start of breeding season to conception. Fixed factors considered were the three treatments. 10 Frequency of heifers within treatments and within factor pregnancy rate was analyzed using the chi-square. Weights at the beginning and end of treatment and conception moment were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test. There was no difference between treatments for the variables weight and pregnancy rate. Heifers biostimulatated with androgenized cow had a earlier conception , than thosed bioestimulated with teaser bull. / Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho reprodutivo de novilhas de corte, criadas em condições extensivas, quando expostas ou não a distintos tratamentos bioestimulatórios. Foram utilizadas 220 novilhas de corte, da raça Aberdeen Angus, com peso médio de 273 kg e idade média de 24 meses. Os animais foram separados em três grupos: O primeiro grupo, denominado rufião, foi formado por 73 animais, expostos por 60 dias pré-inseminação artificial a machos previamente submetidos à cirurgia de caudectomia epididimária. O segundo grupo, formado por 73 animais expostos pelo mesmo período a vacas androgenizadas. O terceiro grupo, formado por 74 animais foi o grupo controle e não recebeu exposição de tratamentos bioestimulatórios. Os três grupos foram mantidos separados, em potreiros alocados em média 600 metros distantes entre si. Todos os animais passaram por avaliação ginecológica no início do período de bioestimulação, onde foram diagnosticadas as novilhas sexualmente maturas ou imaturas. Após os tratamentos, os animais passaram a ser manejados como um único grupo, e iniciou-se a estação de acasalamento, através de inseminação artificial convencional, por 45 dias. Após o término deste período, a estação de acasalamento foi complementada utilizando-se monta natural por mais 45 dias, na proporção macho fêmea de 1:25. As variáveis estudadas foram o peso vivo ao início ao fim dos tratamentos, a taxa de prenhez, medida pelo diagnóstico de gestação por palpação retal 60 dias após o fim do 8 acasalamento, e o intervalo entre o início do acasalamento até a concepção. Para calcular este intervalo, foram regredidos 283 dias da data de parto (período médio da gestação da raça), em seguida ajustando-se à data de inseminação das novilhas. Os fatores fixos considerados foram os três tratamentos. A freqüência de novilhas dentro dos tratamentos e dentro do fator taxa de gestação foi analisada através do teste de Qui-quadrado. Os pesos ao início e fim dos tratamentos e o momento de concepção foram analisados por análise de variância (ANOVA), seguida de teste de Tukey. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos, para as variáveis peso e taxa de prenhez. Novilhas bioestimuladas por vacas androgenizadas apresentaram concepção mais precoce, sendo preferencial ao método por rufiões machos caudectomizados.

Vi har i detta kandidatarbete gjort en deltagande observation på en hemsida där sexuella tjänster annonseras ut. På hemsidan finns det ett forum där sexköpare och sexsäljare diskuterar sina tankar om sex och köp av sexuella tjänster. Ofta uttrycker sig sexköparna som om de vore offer i sexbranschen och inte kan hjälpa att de har en stark sexualdrift. De skyller på att det så länge det finns ett utbud av sexuella tjänster, kommer att finnas en efterfrågan på att köpa sexuella tjänster. Vi har också lagt märke till att det finns en acceptans hos sexköparna när det gäller när det gäller personer som skaffar sig en tillfällig sexuell förbindelse mot ersättning och att kåta okontrollerade män ofta håller varandra om ryggen.I motsats till sexköparna anser vi att så länge det finns en efterfrågan på köp av sexuella tjänster kommer också marknaden för sexuell trafficking att finnas. Detta eftersom många som är offer för sexuell trafficking annonseras ut som om att de säljs av fri vilja. Av den anledningen kommer vi i detta kandidatarbete problematisera kring kring sexuell trafficking som en konsekvens av sexköparens handlingar. Vi vill som medieproducenter, genom bilder, belysa sexköparens ansvar samtidigt som vi synliggör samhällsproblemet sexuell trafficking med hjälp av provokativ nätaktivism. / In this bachelor essay we´ve made an participant observation on a website where sexual services are for sale. This website contains a forum where sexbuyers and sexsellers discuss their thoughts about sex and purchase of sexual services. Sexbuyers often express themselves as victims because of their own extreme sexual cravings. They argue that as long as there is sexual services for sale, there is going to be a demand to buy them. We notice that there is an acceptance for sexbuyers to have an temporary sexual relation in exchange for money. We notice in our studies that these so called “intemperated horny men” tend to protect one another.We consider, in contrast to the sexbuyers, that as long as there is an existing “craving” for sexual services, the phenomenon of sexual trafficking will continue. Much because many victims of sexual trafficking are being sold as if it was by their own free will. Because of this, we will in this bachelor essay problematize sexual trafficking as a consequence of sexbuyers actions.We as mediaproducers would like to, through pictures, shed light on the consequences of sexual trafficking and at the same time emphasize this through provocative internet activism.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:55:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alex Miyasaki.pdf: 314698 bytes, checksum: 1d8bbeb1da7a5e1f383fc57d9361d819 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-25 / Aimed to study the relationship of testicular volume with serum testosterone level and body growth in Brahman cattle from 8 to 18 months of age, during the weaning period, kept at pasture in collective weight gain. Cattle (n = 40) aged 259.76 ± 26.15 days and weight of 239.71 ± 33.94 kg , were evaluated every 56 days during 294 days, totaling six measurements for body weight (BW), scrotal circumference (SC), thoracic perimeter (PT), body height (HC), body length (BL), body mass index (BMI), right testicular length (RTL) and left (LTL), right testicular height (RTH) and left (LTH), daily weight gain (DWG), testicular volume (TV) and serum testosterone (T). Was used analysis of variance followed by Tukey 5%. Correlations employed the method of Pearson. There were higher (P < 0.05) the third harvest (12.85 ± 0.87 months) in front for GMD x T. and higher ratings (P < 0.05) for BW, SC, EN, HC, BL, BMI, RTL, LTL, RTH, LTH and TV were obtained from the fourth harvest (14.72 ± 0.87 months). There was a correlation between T = 0.38 x PT (P <0.01); HC x T = 0.38 (P<0.01); HTD x T = 0.23 (P<0.05); HTE x T = 0.21 (P<0.01) and T x VT = 0.22 (P < 0.008). It is suggested to use the calculation of testicular volume in breeding soundness evaluation of young bulls, whose significant increase of the same may serve as a parameter for estimating the rapid increase in testosterone production, which was present at about 3.7 months before detection of a significant increase in testicular volume. / Objetivou-se estudar a relação do volume testicular com o nível sérico de testosterona e crescimento corporal em bovinos da raça Brahman dos oito aos 18 meses de idade, no período da desmama ao sobreano, mantidos à pasto em prova coletiva de ganho de peso. Os bovinos (n=40) com idade de 259,76±26,15 dias e peso de 239,71±33,94 kg, foram avaliados a cada 56 dias, durante 294 dias, totalizando seis colheitas para peso corpóreo (PC), circunferência escrotal (CE), perímetro torácico (PT), altura de cernelha (HC), comprimento corporal (CC), índice de massa corpórea (IMC), comprimento testicular direito (CTD) e esquerdo (CTE), altura testicular direito (HTD) e esquerdo (HTE), ganho médio diário de peso corpóreo (GMD), volume testicular (VT) e níveis séricos de testosterona (T). Utilizou-se a análise de variância, seguida por Tukey a 5%. Para as correlações empregou-se o método de Pearson. Houve superioridade (P<0,05) da terceira colheita (12,85 ± 0,87 meses de idade) em diante para GMD e T. Médias superiores (P<0,05) para PC, CE, PT, HC, CC, IMC, CTD, CTE, HTD, HTE e VT foram obtidas a partir da quarta colheita (14,72 ± 0,87 meses de idade). Houve correlações entre T x PT=0,38 (P<0,01); T x HC=0,38 (P<0,01); T x HTD=0,23 (P<0,05); T x HTE=0,21 (P<0,01) e T x VT=0,22 (P<0,008). Sugere-se a adoção do cálculo do volume testicular na avaliação andrológica de tourinhos jovens, cuja elevação significativa do mesmo pode servir como parâmetro para estimar o rápido aumento da produção de testosterona, a qual se fez presente por volta de 3,7 meses antes da detecção do significativo aumento do volume testicular.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:53:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alex Miyasaki.pdf: 314698 bytes, checksum: 1d8bbeb1da7a5e1f383fc57d9361d819 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-25 / Aimed to study the relationship of testicular volume with serum testosterone level and body growth in Brahman cattle from 8 to 18 months of age, during the weaning period, kept at pasture in collective weight gain. Cattle (n = 40) aged 259.76 ± 26.15 days and weight of 239.71 ± 33.94 kg , were evaluated every 56 days during 294 days, totaling six measurements for body weight (BW), scrotal circumference (SC), thoracic perimeter (PT), body height (HC), body length (BL), body mass index (BMI), right testicular length (RTL) and left (LTL), right testicular height (RTH) and left (LTH), daily weight gain (DWG), testicular volume (TV) and serum testosterone (T). Was used analysis of variance followed by Tukey 5%. Correlations employed the method of Pearson. There were higher (P < 0.05) the third harvest (12.85 ± 0.87 months) in front for GMD x T. and higher ratings (P < 0.05) for BW, SC, EN, HC, BL, BMI, RTL, LTL, RTH, LTH and TV were obtained from the fourth harvest (14.72 ± 0.87 months). There was a correlation between T = 0.38 x PT (P <0.01); HC x T = 0.38 (P<0.01); HTD x T = 0.23 (P<0.05); HTE x T = 0.21 (P<0.01) and T x VT = 0.22 (P < 0.008). It is suggested to use the calculation of testicular volume in breeding soundness evaluation of young bulls, whose significant increase of the same may serve as a parameter for estimating the rapid increase in testosterone production, which was present at about 3.7 months before detection of a significant increase in testicular volume. / Objetivou-se estudar a relação do volume testicular com o nível sérico de testosterona e crescimento corporal em bovinos da raça Brahman dos oito aos 18 meses de idade, no período da desmama ao sobreano, mantidos à pasto em prova coletiva de ganho de peso. Os bovinos (n=40) com idade de 259,76±26,15 dias e peso de 239,71±33,94 kg, foram avaliados a cada 56 dias, durante 294 dias, totalizando seis colheitas para peso corpóreo (PC), circunferência escrotal (CE), perímetro torácico (PT), altura de cernelha (HC), comprimento corporal (CC), índice de massa corpórea (IMC), comprimento testicular direito (CTD) e esquerdo (CTE), altura testicular direito (HTD) e esquerdo (HTE), ganho médio diário de peso corpóreo (GMD), volume testicular (VT) e níveis séricos de testosterona (T). Utilizou-se a análise de variância, seguida por Tukey a 5%. Para as correlações empregou-se o método de Pearson. Houve superioridade (P<0,05) da terceira colheita (12,85 ± 0,87 meses de idade) em diante para GMD e T. Médias superiores (P<0,05) para PC, CE, PT, HC, CC, IMC, CTD, CTE, HTD, HTE e VT foram obtidas a partir da quarta colheita (14,72 ± 0,87 meses de idade). Houve correlações entre T x PT=0,38 (P<0,01); T x HC=0,38 (P<0,01); T x HTD=0,23 (P<0,05); T x HTE=0,21 (P<0,01) e T x VT=0,22 (P<0,008). Sugere-se a adoção do cálculo do volume testicular na avaliação andrológica de tourinhos jovens, cuja elevação significativa do mesmo pode servir como parâmetro para estimar o rápido aumento da produção de testosterona, a qual se fez presente por volta de 3,7 meses antes da detecção do significativo aumento do volume testicular.

The ideas of Mexican Machismo have been crystallized in the image of the Macho, a virile man who represents the ideals of masculinity in a determined time and space. This work aims to examine how four Mexican Novels (Juan Rulfo’s Pedro Páramo, Elena Garro’s Los Recuerdos del Porvenir, Yuri Herrera’s Trabajos del Reino, and Fernanda Melchor’s Temporada de huracanes) present their unique macho ideals, and how the male characters fail to fulfill them. Through a textual examination of the four novels, this work asks: how is a macho image formed in each pair of novels? And most importantly how do male characters react when they are unable to uphold the masculine values? Chapter one examines Juan Rulfo’s and Elena Garro’s novels, focusing on the downfall of the machos due to the loss of a loved woman, and the strategies the men use to control their towns. Chapter two analyzes Yuri Herrera’s and Fernanda Melchor’s novels, explaining how masculinity is tied to a social performance, and how the machos lose the approval of their group. Chapter three deals with the reaffirmation of power through isolation of female characters and the concept of emasculation as a social and psychological phenomenon. Emasculation, this work strives to prove, is a key element in the four novels, uniting the texts through the social disgrace of a man who does not perform as expected.

Inom byggproduktion kan bristande arbetsmiljö och utvecklingsmöjligheter för kvinnor leda till att värdefull kompetens går förlorad. Det har uppmärksammats att byggbranschen präglas av en föråldrad manskultur.Byggbranschen är överlag en mansdominerad bransch och framförallt är könsfördelningen mest ojämn i byggproduktion där det är brist på kvinnor. De kvinnor som arbetar i byggproduktion väljer ofta efter ett par år att lämna sin roll för en annan i byggbranschen.I detta arbete är ambitionen att genom enkätundersökningar kartlägga hur kvinnor upplever och har upplevt sitt arbete inom byggproduktion. Därigenom är förhoppningen att kunna utläsa faktorer och mönster som vidare kan användas av branschen för att kunna göra riktade insatser i frågan att locka och behålla fler kvinnor i byggproduktion.Arbetet har till viss del skrivits tillsammans med byggföretaget NCC building Örebro/Värmland. Genom arbetets resultat vill NCC kunna jämföra sig och bedöma hur långt i utvecklingen de som företag har kommit i jämställdhetsfrågan gentemot resten av branschen.För att hitta svar till arbetets frågeställningar har dels en litteraturstudie gjorts samt enkätundersökningar som skickats ut till både kvinnor och män med olika roller inom byggproduktion. Upplägget på enkäten var blandat med frågor där respondenterna hade möjlighet att svara med olika svarsalternativ eller en fritextruta. Enkäterna skickades ut till kvinnor anställda på NCC Örebro/Värmland samt till kvinnor i branschen på blandade arbetsplatser och orter runt om Sverige. Det skickades även ut enkäter till en grupp män på NCC Örebro/Värmland för att kunna göra jämförelser på likvärdiga frågor som ställdes både till kvinnorna och männen.Resultatet indikerar på att kvinnor i byggproduktion många gånger inte har samma förutsättningar som män. Vid jämförelse av kvinnor anställda på NCC Örebro/Värmland och övriga kvinnor med erfarenhet inom byggproduktion ses små procentuella skillnader i vissa frågor som indikerar på att NCC har en mer välmående arbetsplats för kvinnor. / A lack of work environment and development opportunities for women in the construction production sector might lead to loss of valuable skills. It has been noted that the construction production is imprinted by an older maleculture. The construction industry is generally a male dominated industry and the gender distribution is most uneven within the construction production where there is a shortage of women.Women who work in construction production often choose to leave their role for another within the industry after a couple of years. The ambition with this study is through surveys map how women experience and have experienced their work in construction production. The goal is to find factors and patterns that later on can be used by the construction industry in effort on the matter of attracting and retaining more women in construction production. This essay has partially been written with the construction company NCC Building Örebro/Värmland. Through the results of this essay, NCC wants to be able to compare and weigh up how far they as a company have come in the gender equality issues compared to the rest of the construction production sector. In order to find answers to the essays questions a literature study and data collection was done. Multiple surveys were sent out to both women and men with different roles in the construction production. The respondents had the opportunity to answer with different alternatives and in some of the questions write comments. The surveys were sent out to women employed at NCC Örebro/värmland and to women in the industry at different workplaces and locations around Sweden. A survey was also sent out to a group of men at NCC Örebro/Värmland in order to make a comparison on equivalent questions that were asked both to women and men. The results indicate that women in the construction production do not always have the same possibilities as men. When a comparison was carried out between women at NCC Örebro/Värmland and other women with experience in the construction industry it shows a small percentage difference in certain matters that NCC has a more prosperous workplace for women.Keywords:

In the construction industry today, there is a big demand of new recruits. One effective way of reaching new recruits is to consider other candidates than the majority which today populates the construction industry – men. Meanwhile women face a lot of obstacles in the industry as a consequence of the macho culture. Managers play an important role in the wellbeing of their employees and for the company culture. The study’s purpose is to research if managers in Sweden can influence women to staying in the construction industry by answering two research questions: (1) How can management support female employees to make them want to stay in the construction industry? (2) What support and tools do management need from their organisations to ensure the wellbeing and workplace satisfaction of their female employees?   A qualitative research approach was conducted and women working at construction sites, their managers, and human resources-personnel were interviewed. In total 12 interviewees were participating in semi-structured and in-depth interviews and a minimum of three interviewees came from the same company. In total three companies were included in the study. A thematic analysis was applied to the collected data and three overarching themes were identified.  The most important findings of the study have been: (1) Manager’s knowledge versus managers understanding of the obstacles women face in the construction industry. (2) Managers sharing the opinion of the equality issue progressing organically. And (3) that the conflict per se is not as important as how the conflict is being managed. To give women in the construction industry the right support to want to stay in the industry mangers need to develop a deeper understanding for women’s challenges in the industry, develop their conflict management, take a clear stance in their own role in the progression of the equality issue of the industry, and take proactive actions. The identified support managers need from their organizations is educations to understand the challenges women face in the construction industry and clear and standardized communication flow between employees and different level managers support. Furthermore, they need support from human resources-personnel to minimize the risk of recruiting women on the premises them being able to withstand the current culture in the industry, which today is fuelling the macho culture.

No description available.

Sotalia fluviatilis é o único Delphinidae que ocorre em água doce, sendo endêmico da região amazônica. É considerada pela IUCN como espécie insuficientemente conhecida (dados deficientes), estando incluída no Apêndice I da CITES como espécie ameaçada de extinção. Atualmente, vem sendo alvo de caça ilegal para utilização como isca na pesca de um bagre, conhecido como piracatinga. Sendo assim, toda medida para melhor compreensão da biologia desta espécie é de suma importância para assegurar medidas eficazes de conservação no futuro. Neste trabalho foi realizada a descrição morfológica dos órgãos genitais masculinos do tucuxi, através de analises de amostras provenientes dos acervos do Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá e do Instituto de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Estas foram analisadas através de técnicas macroscópicas, de microscopia óptica e de microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os órgãos genitais masculinos do tucuxi são compreendidos por grandes testículos e epidídimos típicos, presos à cavidade abdominal pelo mesórquio. Os ductos deferentes são convolutos nas regiões proximais e retos nas suas poções distais, possuindo um pequeno útero masculino entre eles. A próstata é pequena e compacta, coberta pelo músculo compressor da próstata, e envolve toda a uretra pélvica. O pênis é fibroelástico, possuindo uma flexura sigmóide em espiral e a extremidade livre afilada. Os pilares do pênis estão inseridos em pequenos ossos pélvicos, sendo que associados à raiz do pênis estão os músculos isquiocavernoso, bulboesponjoso e retrator do pênis. Em geral, a estrutura macro e microscópica, a localização e a função destes órgãos é semelhante à outras espécies da Ordem Cetacea, com exceção de alguns detalhes. / Sotalia fluviatilis is endemic in Amazon region and the only Delphinidae living in freshwater. It is considered by IUCN as an insufficiently known specie (deficient data) and is included in CITES Appendices I as a threatened specie. Additionally, this species is currently hunted and used as bait for fishing practices of a catfish called piracatinga. Thus, all efforts directed toward understanding the biology of this animal are important and may help to implement future conservation strategies. In the present study, samples of males tucuxi\'s genital organs provided by Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá and Instituto de Pesquisas da Amazônia were analyzed by gross and microscopic techniques and by scanning electron microscopy. The male tucuxi\'s genital organs are represented by big testes and a typical epididymis that is adhered to the abdominal cavity wall by the mesorchium. The ductus deferens are convoluted in the proximal region and straight in the distal portion, and a small uterus masculinus is located between them. The prostata is small, compact, covered by the prostate compressor muscle, and totally involves the pelvic urethra. The penis is fibroelastic and characterized by a spiral sigmoid flexure that ends in a tapering cone. The crura are inserted on small pelvic bones, and the ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus and retractor penis muscles are associated to the base of the penis. In general, the structure, location and function of these organs are similar to other Cetacea species, except about some details.

Svensk hiphop är en växande genre som kan tolkas ha koppling till socialt utsatta ytterstadsområden. Syftet med föreliggande arbete är att kartlägga och analysera innehållet i utvalda svenska hiphoplåtar. I studien analyserades svenska hiphoptexter i form av två delstudier. Den första bestod av en översikt av 100 hiphoplåtar för att kartlägga olika temans förekomst, och den andra delstudien var en fördjupad analys av tio låtar. Empirin analyserades med stöd av tidigare forskning och begreppen territoriell stigmatisering, machokultur och varumärkesbyggande. Resultatet från studien visar att det finns drag av territoriell stigmatisering och machokultur i låtarna, likväl som ett varumärkesbyggande gällande förorten. Studien skulle kunna förstås ge viss inblick i de tematiska drag som återfinns inom svensk hiphop. Diskussion fördes bland annat kring vilka möjliga konsekvenser hiphoptexter kan ha för de unga män som lyssnar på denna typ av musik. / Swedish hip hop is a growing genre that can be understood to be connected with socially stigmatized areas. The purpose of this work is to map out and analyze the content of chosen Swedish hip hop songs. In the study Swedish hip hop lyrics were analyzed in two parts. The first one was an outline of 100 hip hop songs in order to map out the occurrence of different themes, and the second one was an in-depth analysis of ten songs. The material were analyzed with help of previous research and the theoretical concepts territorial stigmatization, macho culture and branding. The result of the study shows that there’s aspects of territorial stigmatization and macho culture within the songs, as well as branding regarding the Projects. The study can be understood to give some insight through the thematic features that can be found within Swedish hip hop. Among other things the possible consequences for the young men listening to this type of music were discussed.