Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / The United States is moving into a new era in which the enemy no longer provides symmetric opposition. The Navy and Marine Corps will face new challenges in the way they deploy and conduct future operations. One important way that these challenges will be met involves sea-based operations, which provide the sustainment necessary for prolonged operations and prevent unwanted operational pauses. Recent combat operations in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) demonstrated difficulties when sustaining forces from logistics bases ashore. For example, advancing the Army and Marines to Baghdad in OIF consumed large amounts of fuel and ammunition. The resupply could not replenish supplies and an operational pause began on 29 March, 2003. In order to prevent operational pauses, rapid movement from the sea to the objective must be implemented. This thesis analyzes the problem of finding an optimal mix of Combat Logistics Force shuttle ships required to sustain the sea-base. This is accomplished through two optimization models: The first one determines a shuttle mix ensuring required inventory levels at the sea-base are maintained at all times. Since this requirement may cause some shuttles to be loaded partially, in the second model we manually assign the shuttle mix and then minimize unmet demand. This model yields a mix of shuttles that strikes a balance between shuttle cost and meeting sea-base demand. This thesis uses varying distances for conducting analyses over several scenarios. / Captain, United States Marine Corps

Sammansättningen av försvarsindustrin i Sverige är ett resultat av en politik som under lång tid haft som målsättning attvidmakthålla en stark inhemsk försvarsindustribas i syfte att säkerställa tillgång till kvalificerad försvarsmateriel. Nyaförutsättningar för försvarsindustrin har under 1990-talet gjort internationellt försvarsmaterielsamarbete nödvändigt.Statsmakternas målsättning idag är att skapa interdependens, ömsesidiga beroenden, mellan försvarsindustrier och stater i ettEuropaperspektiv för att säkra materielförsörjning vid kris och krig. Interdependens förutsätter ett balansspel mellan stater,industrier och organisationer där uppoffringar måste göras, maktambitioner nedtonas och där politiken stater emellanharmoniserar. Interdependensen bygger på ett liberalt tänkande där gränsöverskridande och marknadskrafter i stor utsträckningstyr utvecklingen utifrån ett efterfrågeperspektiv. Översatt till försvarsindustritermer så handlar detta resonemang om politiskamålsättningar, metoder och försvarsindustrikompetenser. Studien visar att interdependens kan ifrågasättas som målsättning inuvarande sammanhang eftersom varken Sverige eller andra aktörer i Europa för en politik som skapar förutsättningar förinterdependens.Försvarsindustrierna är fortfarande en del av staters säkerhets- och försvarspolitik vilket innebär att nationella intressen ochoberoende prioriteras. Artikel 296 i EU-fördraget medger även detta handlingsförfarande. Försvarsindustrikompetenser hos iSverige verksamma försvarsindustriföretag fyller däremot interdependensens förutsättningar d.v.s. det finns enefterfrågan på de kompetenser och produkter som idag finns och tillverkas. Detta bekräftas genom internationelltintresse att investera i inhemsk industri samt pågående samarbetsprojekt. De svenska statsmakternasmålsättning med interdependens som instrument för materielförsörjning i ett Europaperspektiv kan ifrågasättas. / The Swedish defence industry is a result of a policy aiming to sustain a strongdomestic defence industry with the further purpose of safeguarding the supplyof sophisticated defence materials. Changing conditions for the industry ofdefence have made international cooperation necessary during the 1990s.The aim of governments today is to create interdependence, mutualdependencies, between defence industries and states in a European perspectiveto guarantee the supply of materials in case of crises and war.Interdependence implies a balance between states, industries andorganisations where sacrifices have to be made, where ambitions of powerhave to be reduced and where policies between states are harmonized.Interdependence is based on liberal thinking where crossing borders andmarket forces – to a great extent the question of demand – control thedevelopment. Translated into terms of defence this reasoning deals withpolitical aims, methods and competences of the defence industry.This study shows that interdependence, mutual dependence, can be questionedas an aim in today’s context, because neither Sweden nor other Europeanactors pursue a policy that creates conditions required for interdependence.The industries of defence are still part of governments’ security and defencepolicies, which means that national interests and independence are prioritised.Article 296 of the EU treaty also makes this procedure possible.The competences of defence industries active in Sweden, on the other hand,make interdependence possible. There is in other words a demand for existingcompetences and products. This is confirmed by the international interest ininvesting in domestic industries and ongoing joint projects.From a European point of view, the aim of the Swedish government to useinterdependence as an instrument for guaranteeing materials and their deliverycan be questioned. / Avdelning: ALB - Slutet Mag 3 C-upps.Hylla: Upps. ChP 02-04

Försvarsmaktens uppgift att stödja svensk försvarsindustri i deras exportansträngningar avkrigsmateriel styrs av Riksdag och regering på ett mindre detaljerat sätt än vad man kanske kanförvänta sig. Detta faktum gör det intressant att undersöka hur den politiska styrningen tolkasav dem som skall omsätta styrningen till praktiskt handlande och om de ser några problem medstyrningen. Centrala aktörer i denna uppsats är Regeringskansliet, Försvarsmakten, FörsvaretsMaterielverk och svensk försvarsindustri.Uppsatsen utgår från formuleringen stödja svensk försvarsindustri genom exportfrämjandeverksamhet inom ramen för gällande riktlinjer för svensk krigsmaterielexport som är hämtad urFörsvarsmakten instruktion.Uppsatsens teorianknytning är hämtad inom området Public Policy. Undersökningen har ettinduktivt angreppssätt och metoden som används är den kvalitativa.Resultatet visar att tolkningen av statsmakternas styrning skiljer sig på ett sådant sätt mellanaktörerna att slutsatsen är att skillnaderna i tolkningen beror på valt styrningssätt – ramstyrning. / The Swedish Armed Forces’ task of supporting the Swedish defence industryin their efforts to export munitions, is governed by the state authority withfewer details than anyone perhaps would have expected. This fact makes itinteresting to investigate how the political operational control is interpreted bythose who are going to put this political operational control into practice and ifthey see any problems connected to the operational control. Essential actors inthis essay are the Government Offices, the Swedish Armed Forces, theSwedish Defence Material Administration and Swedish defence industry.The starting point of this essay is the following wording: support the Swedishdefence industry through export-promotion activities within the limits of validguidelines for Swedish export of munitions which is taken from the instructionsfor the Swedish Armed Forces.The result of the investigation makes it obvious that the interpretations of theexpressed will from the state authority are very wide. The problems, in myopinion, lay in the chosen method of conducting operational control. In thiscase, in the given terms of references. / Avdelning: ALB - Slutet Mag 3 C-upps.Hylla: Upps. ChP 00-02

Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, Sept. 2004. / Thesis Advisor(s): Javier Salmeron. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-36). Also available online.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Melbourne, Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2006. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 291-312).

Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990. / Thesis Advisor(s): Gates, William. Second Reader: Doyle, Richard. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 2, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): NATO, Defense Planning, Industrial Production, Economics, Burden Sharing, Defense Industries, Sharing, Costs, Military Forces (Foreign), Military Forces (United States), Military Equipment, Mathematical Models, Military Reserves, Industrial Capacity. Author(s) subject terms: Burden-sharing, NATO. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-80). Also available in print.

Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. / Transformation brought many changes to the South African Navy (SAN). The "old way" of provisioning, which involved spending enormous amounts of money on maintaining high stock levels and running supply processes through an overly large staff component, is over. The new Navy will have to survive with fewer funds and a reduced staff. This changed circumstance calls for a more efficient and effective provisioning process. The current provisioning process handed down from pre-transformation days is outdated and totally obsolete. The result is that Commodity Managers (CMs) do not have an adequate process for the planning, decision-making and control functions of their supply support activities. This absence of an updated, clearly defined provisioning process is causing poor end-user service delivery. This research project starts with a literature survey (Chapter 2) in which published practices are reviewed to substantiate the need for and importance of a process that includes planning, decision-making and control. This research concentrates on government and military practices and investigates processes that support operational planning and sustainability levels. It also includes the principles of logistics and articles on lessons learnt by other military organisations. The second step involves interviews with provisioning managers of similar organisations to the SAN (Chapter 3). The result of these interviews identifies new and interesting concepts that may assist in achieving a more effective provisioning system within the SAN. A statistical investigation (Chapter 4) involving provisioning data provides insight into the bottlenecks and highlights the need for a provisioning-package process-smoothing capability. Interviews with SAN members (Chapter 5) provides insight into the input interface challenges and identifies the need for a tracking system that gives a real-time indication of requirement progress. The findings of this research provides recommendations (Chapter 6) at national strategic, military strategic, operational and tactical levels regarding the planning, decision-rnaking and control functions that will lead to the establishment of a valid provisioning process for the Commodity Management subsection of the SAN. This will ensure that a standard process is followed enabling the effective provisioning of SAN end users using fewer funds and with a reduced staff.

Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited. / Future sea bases, such as the Maritime Prepositioning Force (Future), will serve as key distribution nodes and must be able to sustain forces ashore and selectively offload supplies from storerooms quickly and efficiently. Current MPF ships maximize the available cargo storage onboard and have little ability to selectively offload supplies. To make selective offload a reality, MPF(F) requires lower stowage densities and new technologies to efficiently move items, especially for those supplies needed in direct support of forces ashore. The difficult questions are how dense and in what configurations MPF(F) storerooms can be packed, and how items should be retrieved in order to selectively offload supplies and provide acceptable response time. We analyze the trade-off between storage density and mean retrieval time in a dynamic environment for different storage densities and configurations in notional storerooms aboard a future sea base. We examine two demand scenarios and two different retrieval rules to determine how each storage configuration responds to retrieval requests over time. Our results provide insight into the types of storeroom configurations that provide the best mean retrieval times and how a simple retrieval rule can significantly reduce mean retrieval time under certain demand conditions. / Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy

Os PLS são ferramentas de planejamento que proporcionam ao órgão ou entidade o estabelecimento de práticas de sustentabilidade e de racionalização dos gastos e processos na Administração Pública, sendo regulamentados a partir do Decreto 7.746 de 5 de junho de 2012 e na Instrução Normativa n.º 10 da SLTI/MPOG de 12 de novembro de 2012,que institui os Planos no âmbito da Administração Pública Federal. Contudo, os indicadores presentes nos PLS, com base nessa Instrução, não são suficientes para elaboração, avaliação e monitoramento adequados em atendimento às dimensões do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral do estudo é propor a complementação de indicadores para aplicação em PLS de instituições públicas em atendimento às dimensões do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. O estudo ocorre junto ao Segundo Centro Integrado de Defesa Aérea e Controle de Tráfego Aéreo (CINDACTA II). A pesquisa é aplicada quanto à sua finalidade e exploratória quanto ao seu objetivo geral e específicos. A metodologia utiliza o processo de pesquisa-ação junto à Comissão Gestora do Plano na Organização. A fundamentação teórica baseou-se na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental na Legislação de Referência e análise de conteúdo de 66 PLS catalogados junto ao Portal de Compras Governamentais do Governo Federal. Como resultado da pesquisa, foram propostos 70 indicadores para aplicação na elaboração do PLS da Organização, distribuídos nos eixos temáticos propostos pela Agenda Ambiental na Administração Pública (A3P): Uso Racional dos Recursos Naturais e Bens Públicos (25 indicadores), Gestão Adequada dos Resíduos Gerados (13 indicadores), Qualidade de Vida no Ambiente de Trabalho (9 indicadores), Sensibilização de Capacitação dos Servidores (12 indicadores) e Licitações Sustentáveis (11 indicadores). Após a elaboração da proposta de indicadores procedeu-se a classificação dos mesmos, utilizando-se como referencial os Indicadores de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do IBGE, Brasil 2015,que contemplam as dimensões ambiental, social, econômica e institucional, seguindo o modelo proposto pela Comissão para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Organização das Nações Unidas (CSD). Dessa classificação foram obtidos os seguintes quantitativos: 49 relacionados à dimensão econômica, 40 indicadores com correspondência à dimensão ambiental, 32 correspondendo à dimensão institucional e 17 indicadores relacionados à dimensão social. Esses quantitativos resultam do múltiplo atendimento às dimensões do desenvolvimento sustentável, onde um indicador pode estar relacionado a mais de uma dimensão, simultaneamente. Embora tenha sido utilizado o documento de Indicadores de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, IBGE, Brasil 2015, houve dificuldade na classificação final dos indicadores, tendo em vista que esse modelo apresenta informações em macroescala e demanda maior capilaridade para permitir a associação com os indicadores para o PLS em âmbito Organizacional. Este estudo agrega informações para a construção de indicadores para aplicação em Planos de Gestão de Logística Sustentável, contemplando as dimensões do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. / The PLS are planning tools that provide the body or entity the establishment of sustainability practices and rationalization of spending and processes in Public Administration, being regulated from Decree 7.746 of June 5, 2012 and in the Normative Instruction No. 10 of SLTI / MOG of 12 November 2012, that establish the plans under the Federal Public Administration. However, the indicators present in the PLS, based on this instruction, are not sufficient for the preparation, evaluation and monitoring appropriate in compliance with the dimensions of the sustainable development. Thus, the overall objective of the study is to propose the complementation of indicators for use in PLS of public institutions in compliance with the dimensions of the sustainable development. The study comes on the Second Integrated Center of Air Defense and Air Traffic Control (CINDACTA II. The research is applied as to its purpose and exploratory as to its general and specific objectives. The applied methodology uses the process of action research by the Management Committee of the Plan in the Organization. In this study, the concepts of Public Management and Sustainability are explored, Plans of Sustainable Logistics Management (SLP), the dimensions and indicators of sustainable development. The theoretical framework was based on bibliographical and documentary research in the Reference in Legislation and content analysis of 66 SLP cataloged by the Government Procurement Portal of the federal government. As a result of the research, 70 indicators were proposed for use in the preparation of the Organization SLP, distributed on the thematics axis proposed by the Environmental Agenda in Public Administration (A3P): Rational Use of Natural Resources and Public Goods (25 indicators), Proper management of generated waste (13 indicators), Quality of Life in the Workplace (9 indicators), Servers Training awareness (12 indicators) and Sustainable bidding (11 indicators). After the elaboration of the indicators proposal, we proceeded to the rating of them, and the Sustainable Development Indicators IBGE, Brazil 2015 were used as reference, which includes the environmental, social, economic and institutional dimensions, following the model proposed by the Commission for Sustainable Development of the United Nations (CSD). From this indicators classification, the following quantitative were obtained: 49 related to the economic dimension, 40 indicators corresponding to the environmental dimension, 32 corresponding to the institutional dimension and 17 indicators related to the social dimension. These quantitatives come from the multiple compliance with the dimensions of sustainable development, where an indicator can be related to more than one dimension, simultaneously. Although, the document of Sustainable Development Indicators, IBGE, Brazil 2015, has been used, there was difficulty in the final classification of the indicators, given that this model provides information in macroscale and it demands greater capillarity to allow association with the indicators for the SLP in organizational scope. This study adds information to the construction of indicators for use in Sustainable Logistics Management Plans, considering the dimensions of the sustainable development.

An adequate supply of the right kinds of foods is critical to an army's success on the march and on the battlefield. Good food supplies and a dire lack of provisions have profound effects on the regulation, confidence, esprit de corps, and physical state of an army. The American War of Independence (1775-1783) provides a challenging case study of this principle. The relationship between food and troop morale has been previously discussed as just one of many factors that contributed to the success of the Continental Army, but has not been fully explored as a single issue in its own right. I argue that despite the failures of three provisioning system adopted by the Continental Congress - the Commissariat, the state system of specific supplies, and the contract system - the army did keep up its morale and achieve the victory that resulted in independence from Great Britain. The evidence reveals that despite the poor provisioning, the American army was fed in the field for eight years thanks largely to its ability to forage for its food. This foraging system, if it can be called a system, was adequate to sustain morale and perseverance.