High ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is associated with weight gain, obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and type 2 diabetes. "Food agency" refers to an individual's food preparation attitudes and capabilities within a given social and physical food environment. Although there is an association between the ability to prepare certain dishes and higher cooking frequency with lower UPF intake, it is still unclear if cooking and food agency influences UPF consumption due to the lack of research in this area. To date, studies of food agency have not included detailed dietary analyses. This cross-sectional study included 40 adults (73% female, aged 39±15 years, body mass index [BMI] 25.8±4.9 kg/m2) and aimed to determine the relationship between food agency and UPF intake. Food agency scores were calculated using the validated Cooking and Food Provisioning Action Scale (CAFPAS). Cooking behaviors and frequency were also collected. Dietary intake was assessed using three 24-hour dietary recalls with each item categorized by degree of processing using the NOVA classification system. Analyses included one-way ANOVAs between CAFPAS score quartiles [Q] and Pearson correlations between CAFPAS, cooking behaviors, and dietary intake. UPF intake was calculated in percent total calories and percent total grams to account for artificial sweeteners and other low calorie products that may be classified as UPFs. Low food agency was associated with a 14% higher UPF intake (% total calories) compared to high food agency (P=0.03). There were no differences between CAFPAS quartiles and UPF intake in % total grams. When age was divided into three categories, UPF intake was significantly lower in older adults (60+ years) compared to adults aged 19-39 years and 40-59 years by 26.4% and 29.1% respectively (P=0.02). When analyzed using bivariate analysis, lunch (r=-0.482, P=0.002) and dinner (r=-0.385, P=0.014) cooking frequency, frequency of cooking a meal from scratch or fresh ingredients (r=-0.320, P=0.044), and CAFPAS self-efficacy (r= -0.369; P= .019) were negatively correlated with UPF intake (% total kcal). These findings provide support for the possibility of reducing UPF intake through cooking interventions aimed at improving components of food agency such as problem solving, skills to create a meal from what is available, and cooking confidence. Future studies should include a larger, heterogeneous population to provide more insight into dietary differences between levels of food agency and expand the diversity of research in this area. / Master of Science / High ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is linked to weight gain, obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and type 2 diabetes. "Food agency" refers to an individual's food preparation attitudes and capabilities within a given social and physical food environment. Although there is a link between the ability to prepare certain dishes and higher cooking frequency with lower UPF intake, it is still unclear if cooking and food agency influences UPF consumption due to the lack of research in this area. To date, studies of food agency have not included detailed dietary analyses. This study aimed to determine the relationship between food agency and UPF intake. Food agency scores were calculated using the validated Cooking and Food Provisioning Action Scale (CAFPAS). Cooking frequency and behaviors were also collected. Dietary intake was assessed using three 24-hour dietary recalls with each item categorized by degree of processing using the NOVA classification system. Participants with low food agency had higher UPF intake in percent total calories compared to those with high food agency. There were no differences between food agency and UPF intake in percent total grams. Adults aged 60 and over consumed less UPF compared to adults below the age of 60. Participants with higher food agency were more likely to make a meal from scratch or fresh ingredients. As frequency of cooking a meal from scratch or fresh ingredients, cooking dinner or lunch increased, and CAFPAS self-efficacy scores increased percent total calories from UPFs decreased. These findings provide support for the possibility of reducing UPF intake through cooking interventions aimed at improving components of food agency such as problem solving, skills to create a meal from what is available, and cooking confidence. Future studies should include a larger, heterogeneous population to provide more insight into dietary differences between levels of food agency and expand the diversity of research in this area.

The term ‘global peacelessness’ is used to describe the impact of persistently high rates of interpersonal violence throughout the world, and particularly violence against women (Flaherty, 2010). This violence is epidemic and constitutes a global health problem and pervasive human rights violation. Responses are critiqued as narrow in scope, reactive and lacking in coordination. The research presented in this thesis contributes to addressing this gap by exploring measures community citizens from diverse backgrounds defined as important to ending violence. Specifically, the research question asked ‘What do community members of Lunenburg County say about the structural and cultural influences on interpersonal violence?’ It links the field of peace studies with the interpersonal anti-violence field and the field of addiction. The meta-analysis that frames this dissertation asserts that grassroots community peacebuilding will involve defining and connecting measures at the local level that can lead to defining and challenging broad, oppressive cultural and structural factors linked to the persistence of violence at provincial, national, and international levels. Situating interpersonal violence within a peacebuilding framework provides a critical lens that moves from a narrow focus on individual responsibility to include a wider analysis of the origins of violence to include social, cultural, economic, and political factors and ultimately compel a collective community response. This emancipatory function of peacebuilding must include a focus on promotion of environments where boys and men, girls and women, can live safe and satisfying lives that include the development of skills that promote nonviolence and peace.

[pt] A presente tese examina a gênese e o desenvolvimento das novas comunidades, para melhor compreender a sua missão e contribuição específicas na dinâmica da Igreja universal e das igrejas locais. Esta reflexão contribui para aprofundar a autoconsciência eclesial em vista da realização da eclesiologia de comunhão. Portanto, tratar-se-á de uma revisão bibliográfica das principais mensagens do Magistério recente pronunciadas nos congressos mundiais sobre movimentos e novas comunidades, organizados pelo Dicastério para Leigos, Família e Vida. Para melhor compreender o lugar das novas comunidades dentro da missão evangelizadora da Igreja, a pesquisa será delimitada na realidade pastoral do Brasil, em diálogo com o projeto de conversão da paróquia como comunidade de comunidades, com o objetivo de gerar maior comunhão entre ambas as realidades, no respeito à identidade própria de cada uma. As descobertas e as propostas decorrentes abrem novos caminhos na reflexão sobre os Carismas na Igreja e sobre novos modelos de colaboração entre novas comunidades e comunidades paroquiais. / [en] The present thesis examines the genesis and development of new communities, to better understand their mission and specific contributionto the dynamics of the universal and local Church. This reflection contributes to deepening ecclesial self-awareness in view of promoting the ecclesiology of communion. Therefore, this will be a bibliographical review of the main messages of the Magisterium recently pronounced at the world congresses about ecclesiastical movements and the new communities, organized by the Dicastery for Laity, Family and Life. To better understand the place of the new communities within the evangelizing mission of the Church, the research will be limited to the pastoral reality of Brazil, in dialogue with the project of converting the parish as a community of communities, generating greater communion between both realities, respecting their own identity. The resulting discoveries and proposals open new paths in reflection on Charismas in the Church and on new models of collaboration between new communities and parish communities.

SALINAS, Carlos Enrique Tupiño. Desenvolvimento sustentável no município de Nova Jaguaribara: uma proposta de avaliação ex-post segundo os efeitos da construção do Complexo Padre Cícero-Castanhão. 2014. 165 f. : Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Doutorado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente - PRODEMA, Fortaleza-CE, 2014 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-05-13T13:04:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_cetsalinas.pdf: 3629396 bytes, checksum: 04ecbd0ecba204c2e75d3faeb31bf2bb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-05-13T13:04:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_cetsalinas.pdf: 3629396 bytes, checksum: 04ecbd0ecba204c2e75d3faeb31bf2bb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-13T13:04:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_cetsalinas.pdf: 3629396 bytes, checksum: 04ecbd0ecba204c2e75d3faeb31bf2bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Entre a proposta de Gotemburgo e os Acordos de Rio+20, o desenvolvimento sustentável euro-comunitário, não obstante, converter-se em um fato político inevitável, transita por muitos campos de batalha. Rejeitada, aceita e/ou criticado, os municípios europeus, chineses, africanos, latinoamericanos e particularmente, os do semárdio do nordeste cearense brasileiro se modelaram nesse instrumento estratégico. Assim foi que no município de Jaguaribara se construiu o Açude Castanhão (6,7 bilhões de m³), o maior reservatório do Estado do Ceará. Então, depois de terminada a construção do açude, o Castanhão impulsionou desenvolvimento sustentável no município de Nova Jaguaribara? Para responder a tal questionamento, se propus uma avaliação ex-post baseada em uma análise estatístico de fatores múltiplos. Os resultados avaliaram: a) O Açude Castanhão, o principal Fator de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (FDS); b) a principal Unidade de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (UDS), a Sede Planejada, de precária; c) As outras MDS de paupérrimas. A pesquisa concluiu que o Açude Castanhão impulsionou no Município de Nova Jaguaribara um desenvolvimento sustentável precário, e que essa qualificação está mais associada com a adaptação de medidas euro-comunitárias do que a um modelo estratégico próprio sertanejo de desenvolvimento sustentável. / Entre la propuesta de Gotemburgo y los Acuerdos de Rio+20, el desarrollo sostenible euro-comunitario, no obstante, convertirse en un hecho político inevitable, transita por muchos campos de batalla. Rechazado, aceptado y/o criticado, los municipios europeos, chinos, africanos, latinoamericanos y particularmente, los del semárdio do nordeste cearense brasileño se modelaron a ese instrumento estratégico. Así fue que en el Municipio de Nova Jaguaribara se construyó la Represa Castanhão (6,7 billones de m³), el mayor reservatorio del estado del Ceará. Pero entonces, ¿Después de terminada la construcción de la represa, el Castanhão impulsó desarrollo sostenible en el Municipio de Nova Jaguaribara? Para responder a tal cuestionamiento, se propuso una evaluación ex-post basada en un análisis estadístico de factores múltiplos. Los resultados evaluaron: a) La Represa Castanhão, como el principal Factor de Desarrollo Sostenible (FDS); b) las principal Unidad de Desarrollo Sostenible (UDS), la Sede Planificada, de precaria; c) las otras UDS de paupérrimas. La investigación concluyo que la Represa Castanhão impulsó en el Municipio de Nova Jaguaribara un desarrollo sostenible precario. Y que esa calificación está más asociada con la adaptación de medidas euro-comunitarias de que a un modelo estratégico propio sertanejo de desarrollo sostenible.

1958, au Brésil, surgit un genre musical nouveau, la Bossa Nova, qui s'annonce comme une révolution dans le paysage musical traditionnel. Vingt ans plus tard, 1978 est l'année de "l'Ouverture" politique, Chico Buarque, poète musicien qui a dominé la décennie autant à travers ses chansons qu'à travers son attitude de résistance contre la dictature, lance un disque dans lequel il enregistre des musiques jusqu'alors interdites par la censure. Cet événement conclut une période de grande créativité artistique, ponctuée de bouleversements sociaux et culturels, de déclarations d'intentions, de ruptures, de prises de position en rapport avec la vie politique ou culturelle du pays, qui souvent ne fait qu'une. Ces vingt années ont vu apparaître les figures les plus marquantes de la chanson brésilienne du XXe siècle, en même temps que le sigle par lequel la chanson urbaine a reçu ses lettres de noblesse : MPB, initiales de Música Popular Brasileira. S'ancrant dans la tradition tout en s'en défendant, dialoguant avec les influences extérieures qu'elle influence également, se démarquant jusqu'à la rupture des mouvements qui lui étaient les plus proches, cette génération nous apparaît aujourd'hui beaucoup plus unie et limitée dans le temps qu'elle n'en avait conscience. C'est pourquoi le temps est venu, avec le recul historique, de s'interroger avec un regard nouveau sur la production musicale de cette époque, afin d'en définir les caractéristiques qui la soudent et la distinguent à la fois. / In 1958, a new musical genre appears in Brazil: the Bossa nova, which looks like a revolution in the traditional musical landscape. Twenty years later, 1978 is the year of political openness, Chico Buarque, poet musician who dominated the decade through his songs as well as his resistance against the millitary dictatorship, launches an album on which he records some songs that were censored until then. This event puts an end to a period of great artistic creativity, punctuated with social and cultural changes, statements of intents, ruptures, standpoints on the political or cultural life of the country, which often are one. These twenty years witnessed the appearance of the most striking figures of Brazil’s 20th century music scene, and of the acronym whereby the urban song gained respectability: MPB, initials of Música Popular Brasileira. Rooted in tradition though defending itself from it, exchanging with outside influences which it influences as well, distancing itself till the rupture of the movements of which it was the closest, today this generation seems to us much more united and limited in time than it thought it was. That’s why the time has come, with historical perspective, to look at the musical production of that period with fresh eyes, in order to define the characteristics that unite and distinguish it at the same time. / 1958, nasce no Brasil un gênero musical novo, a Bossa Nova, que se anuncia comme uma revolução na paisagem musical. Vinte anos depois, 1978, é o ano da "Abertura" política, Chico Buarque, poeta músico que dominou a década tanto pelas suas canções como pela sua atitude de resistência contra a ditadura, lança um disco no qual ele grava músicas até então proibidas pela censura. Esse acontecimento conclui um período de intensa criatividade artística, acompanhada por grandes mudanças sociais e culturais, declarações de intenções e rupturas, tomadas de posição em relação com a vida política ou cultural do país, que muitas vezes faz uma só. Esses vinte anos viram emergir as figuras mais marcantes da canção brasileira do século XX, concomitantemente à sigla pela qual a canção urbana moderna foi consagrada : MPB, iniciais de Música Popular Brasileira. Ancorando-se na tradição sem reivindicá-lo, dialogando com as influências externas que ela influencia por sua vez, demarcando-se até à ruptura dos movimentos que lhe eram próximos, essa geração nos aparece hoje muito mais unida e circunscrita no tempo do que ela o percebia. Por essa razão, o tempo veio, com o recuo histórico, de questionar com um olhar novo a produção musical daquela época, para definir as características que a unificam e distinguem ao mesmo tempo.

The years 1815 to 1867 marked the first protracted period of peace in Nova Scotia’s colonial history. While the immediate effects of peace were nearly disastrous, these years ultimately marked a formative period for the province. By the eve of Confederation, various social, cultural, political, economic, and technological developments had enabled Nova Scotia to become a mature province with a distinct identity. One of the manifestations of this era of community formation was the emergence of a cosmopolitan-oriented music culture. Although Atlantic trade routes ensured that Nova Scotia was never isolated, the colonial progress of the pre-Confederation era reinforced and entrenched Nova Scotia’s membership within the Atlantic World. The same trade routes that brought imported goods to the province also introduced Nova Scotians to British and American culture. Immigration, importation, and developments to transportation and communication systems strengthened Nova Scotia’s connections to its cultural arbiters – and made possible the importation and naturalization of metropolitan music practices. This dissertation examines the processes of cultural exchange operating between Nova Scotia and the rest of the Atlantic World, and the resultant musical life to which they gave rise. The topic of music-making in nineteenth-century Nova Scotia has seldom been addressed, so one of the immediate aims of my research is to document an important but little-known aspect of the province’s cultural history. In doing so, I situate Nova Scotia’s musical life within a transatlantic context and provide a lens through which to view Nova Scotia’s connectivity to a vast network of culture and ideas. After establishing and contextualizing the musical practices introduced to Nova Scotia by a diverse group of musicians and entrepreneurs, I explore how this imported music culture was both a response to and an agent of the formative developments of the pre-Confederation era. I argue that, as Nova Scotia joined the Victorian march of progress, its musicians, music institutions, and music-making were among the many socio-cultural forces that helped to transform a colonial backwater into the civilized province that on 1 July 1867 joined the new nation of Canada.

The years 1815 to 1867 marked the first protracted period of peace in Nova Scotia’s colonial history. While the immediate effects of peace were nearly disastrous, these years ultimately marked a formative period for the province. By the eve of Confederation, various social, cultural, political, economic, and technological developments had enabled Nova Scotia to become a mature province with a distinct identity. One of the manifestations of this era of community formation was the emergence of a cosmopolitan-oriented music culture. Although Atlantic trade routes ensured that Nova Scotia was never isolated, the colonial progress of the pre-Confederation era reinforced and entrenched Nova Scotia’s membership within the Atlantic World. The same trade routes that brought imported goods to the province also introduced Nova Scotians to British and American culture. Immigration, importation, and developments to transportation and communication systems strengthened Nova Scotia’s connections to its cultural arbiters – and made possible the importation and naturalization of metropolitan music practices. This dissertation examines the processes of cultural exchange operating between Nova Scotia and the rest of the Atlantic World, and the resultant musical life to which they gave rise. The topic of music-making in nineteenth-century Nova Scotia has seldom been addressed, so one of the immediate aims of my research is to document an important but little-known aspect of the province’s cultural history. In doing so, I situate Nova Scotia’s musical life within a transatlantic context and provide a lens through which to view Nova Scotia’s connectivity to a vast network of culture and ideas. After establishing and contextualizing the musical practices introduced to Nova Scotia by a diverse group of musicians and entrepreneurs, I explore how this imported music culture was both a response to and an agent of the formative developments of the pre-Confederation era. I argue that, as Nova Scotia joined the Victorian march of progress, its musicians, music institutions, and music-making were among the many socio-cultural forces that helped to transform a colonial backwater into the civilized province that on 1 July 1867 joined the new nation of Canada.

This study explores the relationship between emigration and cholera in British North American port towns, between 1832 and 1866. It focuses specifically on three established and growing port towns located directly off of the Atlantic Ocean – St. John's, Newfoundland, Halifax, Nova Scotia and Saint John, New Brunswick. The pressures of mass immigration from the British Isles, the transmission of highly-feared diseases from emigrant and cargo ships to port towns in British North America, and the dependence, vulnerability and constraints felt by colonial governments and their citizens are three important themes that emerge and are continually challenged throughout this dissertation. This thesis presents the way in which colonial port towns managed the recurrent and unpredictable threats to their health, wellbeing and prosperity during this period, and highlights the increasing strain and growing dislocation felt by British North Americans under colonial rule. The history of cholera in Canada has focused overwhelmingly on Upper and Lower Canada, with little exploration or comparative analysis of the outbreaks in the Atlantic region. The following research examines the interconnected, complex and at times distant relationship between Britain and its North American colonies, under the influence of emigration and transmission of disease from coloniser to colonised. High points of calamity and upheaval clarified the extent to which the colonies were responsible for themselves, forcing many towns to re-evaluate their ability to control emergencies on their soil, with or without the help of the mother country. This study contributes not only to the historical understanding how cholera was managed in British North American ports, but it also provides a unique perspective on understanding the greater struggles of nineteenth-century colonial life.

While today, archival theory is permeated with postmodern ideas and philosophies, borrowing from fields as diverse as anthropology and computer science, even just a few decades ago, this was far from the case. This transition was pioneered and strongly influenced by the imaginative and thought-provoking essays of Hugh Taylor, a Canadian archivist who developed a worldview that positioned archives and archivists at centre stage. Taylor was able to do so as a result of his fascination with the works of the media theorist, Marshall McLuhan, whose ideas Taylor found directly applicable to archives and archival theory. This thesis examines the mental state of Hugh Taylor throughout his life and how this mental state shaped his revolutionary concepts, which delved into epistemology and metaphysics, placing archives at the centre of a universal network of connections. These concepts would go on to drastically change archival theory to what it is today. / October 2016

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.