L'analyse visuelle de scènes débute par l'extraction en parallèle de différentes caractéristiques visuelles élémentaires à différentes fréquences spatiales. L'objectif de cette thèse a été de préciser les mécanismes et les bases cérébrales du traitement des fréquences spatiales lors de la catégorisation de scènes et leur évolution au cours du vieillissement normal et pathologique. Nous avons tout d'abord mené deux études en Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique fonctionnelle (IRMf) sur des adultes jeunes avec une vision normale afin de proposer un outil de cartographie rétinotopique des aires visuelles permettant une localisation fine des activations cérébrales qui soit à la fois rapide et précis (Expériences 1 et 2). Dans un second temps, nous avons étudié via IRMf les bases cérébrales du traitement des fréquences spatiales lors de la catégorisation de scènes chez de jeunes adultes avec vision normale(Expérience 3). Nous avons également étudié l'influence de la normalisation RMS (« root mean square ») du contraste de luminance des scènes filtrées. Au sein du cortex occipital, nous avons montré une organisation rétinotopique du traitement des fréquences spatiales contenues dans de larges scènes visuelles. Au sein du cortex occipito-temporal, nous avons montré que les régions sélectives aux scènes (la « parahippocampal place area », le cortex retrosplenial et l'« occipital place area ») participent de façon distincte au traitement des fréquences spatiales. Enfin, nous avons montré que la normalisation du contraste de luminance modifiait l'intensité et l'étendue des activations cérébrales. Dans un dernier temps, nous avons ensuite étudié le traitement des fréquences spatiales au cours du vieillissement normal et pathologique. Nous avons tout d'abord montré, dans le cas du vieillissement normal (Expérience 4), un déficit spécifique de la catégorisation de scènes en hautes fréquences spatiales (HFS), associé à une hypo activation du cortex occipital et des régions sélectives aux scènes. Dans le cas de la perte de la vision centrale consécutive à une dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge (patients DMLA, Expériences 5 et 6), nous avons mis en évidence un déficit du traitement des HFS encore plus marqué que celui observé au cours du vieillissement normal. De façon intéressante pour l'aide aux patients DMLA, l'augmentation du contraste de luminance des scènes en HFS améliorait significativement leur catégorisation des scènes en HFS. Les résultats de ces travaux nous permettent de mieux comprendre les mécanismes neuro-fonctionnels impliqués dans la perception visuelle de scènes et de différencier les changements au niveau cortical liés au vieillissement normal de ceux résultant d'une pathologie visuelle.Mots clés : Scènes visuelles, Fréquences spatiales, IRMf, Cortex visuel, Rétinotopie, Régions sélectives aux scènes, Vieillissement normal, DMLA. / Visual analysis begins with the parallel extraction of different attributes at different spatial frequencies. The aim of this thesis was to investigatethe mechanisms and the cerebral basis of spatial frequencies processing during scene categorization and their evolution during normal and pathological aging. As a first step, we performed two functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies on young adults with normal vision in order to design a retinotopic mapping tool that allows to localize cerebral activations, which is both fast and accurate (studies 1 and 2). As a second step, we studied via fMRI (study 3) the cerebral basis involved in spatial frequencies processing during scenes categorization in young adults with normal vision (study 3). We also assessedthe influence of RMS luminance contrast (“root mean square”) normalization of filtered scenes. Within the occipital cortex, we showed a retinotopic organization of spatial frequencies processing for large visual scenes. Within the occipito-temporal cortex, we showed that scenes-selective regions (the parahippocampal place area, retrosplenial cortex and occipital place area) are specifically involved in spatial frequencies processing. Also, we highlighted the factthat luminance contrast normalization changesboth the intensity and the size of cerebral activations. As a last step, we studiedspatial frequencies processing in normal and pathological aging. We first highlighted in normal aging (study 4) a specific deficit in the ability to categorize scenes with high spatial frequencies (HSF); this deficit was associated with a decrease of activation within the occipital cortex and scenes selective regions. In patients suffering from a loss in central vision due to Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD patients, studies 5 and 6), we showed an even more pronounced deficit of HSF processing than observed in normal aging. Interestingly, with respect to the assistance of AMD patients, we observed that increasing the contrast luminance of HSF scenes significantly improved their ability to categorize such scenes. In the end, these results allow us to better understand the neurofunctional mechanisms involved in the visual perception of scenes and to distinguish the cortical changes related to normal aging from those resulting from a visual pathology.Keywords: Visual scenes, Spatial frequencies, fMRI, Visual cortex, Retinotopy, Scene-selective regions, Normal aging, AMD.

[pt] A análise de demanda condicional (conditional demand analysis - CDA) é um método econométrico que, aplicado ao estudo do consumo residencial de energia elétrica, permite estimar a quantidade de energia consumida por diferentes aparelhos eletrodomésticos. Nessa tese, métodos bayesianos são utilizados na estimação dos modelos CDA. A restrição de não negatividade dos coeficientes de consumo de energia é incorporada ao modelo através do uso da densidade normal truncada como priori dos parâmetros. Como as densidades a posteriori resultantes também são truncadas, métodos de simulação estocástica cria cadeias de Markov são usados na estimação de tais densidades. O método desenvolvido é aplicado a um conjunto de dados fornecido pela LIGHT, uma das concessionárias de energia do estado do Rio de Janeiro, gerando as curvas de carga para diversos aparelhos. / [en] Conditional demand analysis (CDA) is an econometric method that, applied to studies of consumption of energy in the household sector, allows us to estimate the demand of energy for different appliances. In this thesis, the estimation of the CDA models is made in a Bayesian framework. The truncated normal distribution is used as a prior of the parameters, assuring their nonnegativity restrictions. Since the resulting posteriors are truncated distributions too, the Gibbs sampler is applied in the estimation of those densities. The results obtained are applied to a dataset obtained from LIGHT, one of the electricity utilities of Rio de Janeiro, in order to obtain some appliances load curves.

Ce travail de thèse repose sur la combinaison de deux paradigmes de recherche en psychologie cognitive : la rotation mentale et les transferts intermodaux/inter-tâches. Dans notre première étude (Expériences 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, et 2b), l'objectif était d'évaluer la dépendance/indépendance des traitements visuel et tactile, lors de tâches de rotation mentale : le Test des Rotations Mentales (Vandenberg & Kuse, 1978) et une tâche élémentaire de rotation mentale (Shepard & Metzler, 1971). En utilisant un plan expérimental intra-sujet, nous avons comparé quatre conditions expérimentales incluant des apprentissages intramodaux : 1. Visuel-Visuel ; 2. Tactile-Tactile, et des transferts intermodaux : 3. Visuel-Tactile ; 4. Tactile-Visuel. Les participants ont ainsi réalisé deux tâches successives dans des conditions sensorielles similaires ou différentes (session 1 et session 2). Nos résultats révèlent que la rotation mentale peut dépendre de processus de traitement des représentations spécifiques à la modalité sensorielle utilisée. Les informations découlant d'une expérience visuelle sont réutilisables dans la condition tactile, alors qu'à l'inverse, nous n'avons observé que très peu de transferts tactiles en condition visuelle. Les traitements visuels et tactiles, sur des objets tridimensionnels complexes, permettent ainsi le développement de stratégies d'imagerie mentale spécifiques (Visuel-Visuel-IM vs. Tactile-Spatial-IM), découlant de différents modes de traitements perceptifs (visuel-global vs. tactile-spatial)... / The work presented in this dissertation is based on the combination of two research paradigms in the field of cognitive psychology: mental rotation and intermodal/inter-task transfer of learning. In our first study (Experiments 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, and 2b), the objective was to evaluate the processing dependence/independence of visual and tactile information during two mental rotation tasks: the Mental Rotation Test (Vandenberg & Kuse, 1978) and an object mental rotation task (Shepard & Metzler, 1971). Using an intra-subject experimental design, we compared four experimental conditions including intramodal learning: 1. Visual-Visual ; 2. Tactile-Tactile, and intermodal transfer: 3. Visual-Tactile ; 4. Tactile-Visual. Subjects performed two successive tasks in similar perceptual conditions or different perceptual conditions (session 1 and session 2). Our results revealed that mental rotation can depend on treatment processes of mental representations specific to the perceptual modality being used. The information derived from visual prior experience can be used in the tactile condition, whereas we observed few significant tactile transfers in the visual condition. Visual and tactile treatments on complex three-dimensional objects thus permit specific mental imagery strategies (Visual-Visual-IM vs. Tactile-Spatial-IM), derived from different perceptual exploration strategies (visual-global vs. tactile-spatial)...

Inscrita no campo dos Estudos Culturais, esta dissertação tem como objetivo problematizar as negociações identitárias que as alunas do Curso Normal do Instituto de Educação de Porto Alegre realizam entre a condição de ser jovem e ser professora. Busca-se olhar para estas identidades juvenis a partir das teorizações que consideram que, na contemporaneidade, é necessário levar em conta uma multiplicidade de experiências, narrativas, saberes, singularizações estéticas, marcas corporais, estilos musicais, pois muitos são os caminhos pelos quais os jovens transitam nos fluidos contemporâneos. As análises foram construídas a partir de registros fotográficos, composições gráficas e entrevistas no sentido de pensar em toda uma discursividade produtora desses sujeitos, possibilitando a valorização de certos produtos e estilos de vida demarcando assim pertencimentos e negociações. As análises indicaram que, com as múltiplas transformações que atravessam nosso cotidiano e que nos envolvem de diferentes maneiras, é possível considerar que os jovens, dentro ou fora da escola, tecem outros fios nas tramas das relações interpessoais: transitam, deslocam-se, fazem movimentos alternados, negociam entre várias posições de sujeito possíveis. Assim sendo, pode-se inferir que as gurias normais do Curso Normal estão se constituindo identitariamente não somente nas práticas cotidianas, mas também são atravessadas por várias histórias que são contadas sobre professoras. Histórias essas que também são produzidas e circulam no Instituto de Educação. Suas identidades de jovens professoras são construídas tomando como referência ‘velhas práticas pedagógicas’; práticas estas ‘coloridas’ por outros códigos afetivos e investimentos estéticos bem como no uso de tecnologias de informação, formas musicais, entre outros. Torna-se necessário compreender tais movimentos, pois eles caracterizam algumas das transformações por que vêm passando as identidades juvenis e docentes das gurias normais na contemporaneidade. / Inscribed on the field of Cultural Studies, this dissertation has as purpose put in doubt the identity negociations that the students at Education Institute of Porto Alegre make between being young and teacher. It tries to approach youthful identities using theories that consider the need, in contemporaneity, to count multiple experiencies, descriptions, knowledges, esthetic singularities, corporal marks and music styles because there are many ways youth passes through in comtemporary times. The analyses were built on photograph registers, graphic compositions and interviews in order to contemplate all discursive production of those people, making the valuation of certain products and life styles possible, limiting, therefore, negociations. The finding results have indecated that, considering multiple transformations that have been passing through our quotidian and the ways they involve us, it is possible to consider that youth, inside or outside the school, weaves other threds in their interpersonal relations web. They transit, they change, they make alternate moviments, they negociate using the various subjactive states they might have. Therefore, it might be infered that Education Institute's regular girls are not building their identity on daily practises only but also on teacher's stories they are told about. Those stories are also produced and spread over in the Education Institute. Their identities as young teachers are made from "old padagogical practises" which are influenced by other afctive codes and esthetic investiments as well as the use of information technology and music forms, among others. It becomes necessary to comprehend such moviments because they might reflect the transformations youthful identities and teachers have been passing through in contemporaneity.

The low grades that students score in some statistical units in Kenyan universities is of great concern and has evoked research interest in the teaching of some of the units and the students’ learning of the statistical content. The aim of the study was to investigate the difficulties undergraduate students experience in the learning of bivariate normal distribution in a Kenyan university. The research also aimed to answer the following research questions on the difficulties undergraduate students encounter in the learning of bivariate normal distribution. The first research question was based on the reasons why students find learning of bivariate normal distribution difficult and the second research question was to find the reasons why students experience such difficulties in learning bivariate normal distribution. The target population for this study included lecturers teaching statistics in the university, and second- and third- year students enrolled or who have previously completed the probability and statistics III unit, where the bivariate normal distribution content is covered. In selecting students for the study, the simple random sampling technique was employed while convenient sampling was used to select lecturers who participated in the study. A mixed methods design was adopted for this study where both quantitative and qualitative data was collected. A total of 175 students and six lecturers participated in this research study. All students who participated in the study did a bivariate normal distribution test (Appendix 1) designed by the researcher and then filled in a questionnaire (Appendix 2). The lecturers who participated in the study filled in an open-ended questionnaire (Appendix 3). The results showed that undergraduate students have difficulties in learning bivariate normal distribution. This is because most of them could neither state the bivariate normal distribution nor solve any of the application questions on the content. The students find it difficult to learn and comprehend the bivariate normal distribution equation with its many parameters and constants of the two random independent variables. The results also showed that students could not state the normal distribution equation nor could they solve questions on the normal distribution, which forms the foundational knowledge required for effective learning of the bivariate normal distribution content. ii Based on the results, the study recommended that emphasis should be placed on the basic and foundational knowledge of the normal distribution content and its applications before teaching bivariate normal distribution in probability and statistics III. In addition, it is recommended that all students should be involved in the learning of basic content to enable them to understand all parameters and constants in the equations and their applications. The study also recommends that lecturers revise the foundational knowledge and content related to the bivariate normal distribution before introducing and teaching the bivariate normal distribution content. This study also recommends that the university should consider a change of curriculum by teaching the bivariate normal distribution, as an introductory course to the unit under the multivariate distributions in statistics, in third year of the students’ studies. ; ; / Mathematics Education / M. Sc. (Mathematics Education)

A dissertação apresenta uma pesquisa que se situa no campo da História da Educação Matemática e que tomou por objeto de estudo a formação dos professores primários no Instituto de Educação General Flores da Cunha (IE), em Porto Alegre. Dialogando com autores da Histórica Cultural e da Histórica Oral busca-se compreender os modos de apropriação, aprender para ensinar os saberes matemáticos na instituição nas décadas de 1950 a 1970, período caracterizado pelo Movimento da Matemática Moderna (MMM). Inferiu-se, a partir das evidências verificadas em documentos localizados no acevo do Laboratório de Matemática da instituição e das entrevistas realizadas com as ex-alunas e ex-professoras, que o MMM norteou a formação das normalistas. Tal movimento materializou-se nas ações das professoras e estudantes que aprendiam e ensinavam a Moderna Matemática, nos materiais didáticos estudados e produzidos pelas normalistas no Laboratório de Matemática da instituição, bem como nos discursos das ex-alunas e da imprensa da época. Evidenciou-se que o envolvimento das normalistas com a renovação da Matemática, no interior do IE, partiu, inicialmente, das inquietações e ações da professora Odila Barros Xavier que almejava mudanças no ensino da Matemática desde o final da década de 1940. Na época, a professora já estudava mudanças no currículo da Matemática do Curso Normal, na incansável busca pela renovação na formação das professoras primárias Através da fundação e organização do Laboratório de Matemática, a partir dos anos 1950, a professora Odila amplia os espaços de formação de professores para além das portas do IE e contribui para a divulgação do pensamento modernizador, coordenando grupos de estudos, ministrando cursos sobre fundamentação teórica e metodológica da Matemática Moderna e incentivando práticas em aulas experimentais com materiais manipuláveis. O ápice deste percurso ocorre no final dos anos 1960 e início dos anos 1970 que, por conseguinte, é fundado o Grupo de Estudos sobre o Ensino da Matemática de Porto Alegre (GEEMPA), sob a liderança da professora Esther Grossi. Através do GEEMPA foram oportunizados cursos de formação de professores com a presença de vários estudiosos, entre eles, Zoltan Dienes, um dos principais autores estudados no Instituto de Educação General Flores da Cunha. Ao longo dos anos 1950 e 1970, a instituição tornou-se referência não só na formação inicial das normalistas, mas também na formação continuada dos professores de Matemática no Rio Grande do Sul, com reconhecimento nacional e internacional, no período marcado pelo MMM. / The dissertation presents a research that is located in the field of History of the Mathematics Education and that took as object of study, the formation of primary teachers at the Flores da Cunha (IE) General Education Institute in the city of Porto Alegre. In dialogue with authors from Cultural, Historical and Oral History, we sought to understand the ways of appropriation to learn how to teach the mathematical knowledge in the institution from 1950 to 1970, a period characterized by the Modern Mathematical Movement (MMM). We infer from the evidence verified in documents located in the acquis from the Laboratory of Mathematics from the institution and the interviews with the former students and the former teachers, that the MMM guided the formation of the normalists. This movement materialized in the actions of the teachers and students who learned and taught Modern Mathematics, in the didactic materials studied and produced by the normalists in the Mathematics Laboratory of the institution, as well as in the speeches of the former students and the press of the time. It was evidenced that the involvement of the normalists with the renewal of Mathematics, within IE, started, initially, from the concerns and the actions of the teacher Odila Barros Xavier, who aspired for changes in the teaching of Mathematics since the end of the 1940s At the time, the teacher was already studying changes in the curriculum of Normal Mathematics Course, in the relentless search for renewal in the training of primary teachers. Through the founding and organization of the Mathematics Laboratory, from the 1950s on wards, teacher Odila expanded the spaces for teacher training beyond IE's doors and contributed to the dissemination of modernizing thinking, coordinating study groups, giving courses on fundamentals theoretical and methodological approach of Modern Mathematics and encouraging practices in experimental classes with manipulative materials. The culmination of this course takes place in the late 1960s and early 1970s, which is why the Mathematics Teaching Group of Porto Alegre (GEEMPA) was founded under the leadership of teacher Esther Grossi. Through the GEEMPA, teacher training courses were offered in the presence of several scholars, among them Zoltan Dienes, one of the main authors studied at the Flores da Cunha General Education Institute. Throughout the 1950s and 1970s, the institution became a reference not only in the initial formation of the normalists, but also in the continuing formation of Mathematics teachers in Rio Grande do Sul, with national and international recognition, during the period marked by the MMM.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. André Ricardo Oliveira da Fonseca / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional, 2016. / No mundo contemporâneo é comum constantes pesquisas em diversos âmbitos, tanto sociais, quanto econômicos, entre outros. Para tais pesquisas é fundamental a coleta de dados, organizar os dados, como também construir tabelas e gráficos estatísticos, entretanto é inadmissível não haver uma interpretação consistente sobre os resultados. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é introduzir os alunos do Ensino Médio, especificamente os do terceiro ano, na teoria da inferência estatística, por meio de atividades experimentais, para que eles possam, num nível elementar, desenvolver as primeiras compreensões a respeito dos meios de obtenção de uma amostra e das conclusões possíveis sobre a respectiva população. Assim, estimulando os educandos em buscar constantemente informações sobre pesquisas estatísticas, as quais estarão presentes em vários momentos da sua vida em sociedade. / In the contemporary world it is common to come across frequent research from various scopes, both social and economical amongst others. For such research, it is vital to collect data, organize it as well as put together statistical charts and graphs. However it is unacceptable that there is no consistent interpretation about the results. Therefore, the objective of this work is to introduce High School students, more specifically the seniors, to the theory of statistical inference, through experimental activities, so that they can, at an elementary level, develop their primary understanding of both the means to obtain a sample and the possible conclusions drawn about its respective population. Thus, we expect to stimulate the students to constantly seek information about statistical research, which will be present in many different moments in their lives as part of society.

Investigar a forma como a Congregação da Escola Normal se legitimou no cenário político-educacional nos últimos anos do século XIX e nos primeiros anos do século XX é o objetivo de meu estudo. Surgida no Regulamento de criação da Escola Normal a Congregação, era composta pelos professores da instituição que ministravam aulas no curso de formação de professores para as escolas públicas primárias da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Estes professores eram intelectuais de procedências diversas, com experiência educacional, que se reuniam em sessões, sob a presidência e convite do Diretor da Escola Normal. A legitimação da Congregação foi conquistada pelo Regulamento de 1880, outorgado pelo Governo Imperial e, face ao trabalho e experiência dos congregados à frente desta instituição durante todo um ano, foi-lhes conferido ainda mais poder político, pela elaboração de um novo Regulamento para a Escola Normal, criando-se, então, um grupo diferenciado formado no campo intelectual, pelo conhecimento da formação de professores primários. A Congregação foi extinta em 1888. (Re) conquistando a legitimidade foi criado o Regulamento de 1890, elaborado por Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães, ex- congregado, ex- presidente da Congregação por cinco anos consecutivos e na República ocupando o cargo de Ministro da Instrução Pública, Correios e Telégrafos. Esta pesquisa foi instigada por alguns documentos, ainda não investigados, do Centro de Memória Institucional do Instituto Superior de Educação do Rio de Janeiro, que possibilitaram conhecer a ação política- educacional desses intelectuais da Congregação. Tais fontes, confrontadas com outras de várias instituições de guarda de memória, possibilitaram uma visão não só da ação dos congregados, como de sua rede de sociabilidade dentro e fora da Escola Normal, assim como sua procedência, as estratégias utilizadas como instrumento político e o papel de Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães, líder mais antigo deste grupo. A intervenção política da Congregação, advinda do trabalho realizado na Escola Normal, possibilitou que criassem uma autoimagem de executores do processo civilizador em curso no final do Império e início da República. Os embates travados por este grupo mostram a defesa intransigente da legitimação e o uso de instrumentos próprios da intelectualidade para não perdê-la outra vez. / To investigate the way of how the Congregation of the Normal School has legitimated itself in the political and educational scenario in the last years of the 19th century and in the first years of the 20th century is the objective of my research. Born in the Regulation of 1880, the Congregation of the, at first design Normal School ated of The Court and after the republican regime, of The Federal District, was composed by the professors of the institution that administered classes in the course of teacher formation for public elementary schools of the city of Rio de Janeiro. These professors were intellectuals of diverse backgrounds, with educational experience, that would gather in meetings led by the director of the Normal School. The legitimation of the Congregation was at first granted by the Regulation of 1880, annexed to the Decree of creation, and was later conquered by the Regulation created by the Congregates in 1881, after the experience of one year working together. This research was instigated by a few documents, yet to be investigated, of the Centro de Memória Institucional of the Instituto Superior de Educação do Rio de Janeiro, which allowed me to know the political and educational action of these intellectuals that were part of the Congregation. Such sources, confronted with others from many other institutions of memory guarding, permitted a vision not only of the various actions of the Congregates, like their network of social contacts inside and outside of the Normal School, as well as their origin, the strategies utilized as political instrument and the role of Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães, oldest leader of the group. The political intervention of the Congregation, fruit of the work achieved in the Normal School allowed the creation of a self image of the executors of the civilizing process in course in the end of the Empire and in the beginning of the Republic. The clashes faced by this group, that differentiated itself in the field of intellectuality through knowledge in teacher formation, shows the intransigent defense of the conquered legitimacy and the use of instruments of their own intellectuality so as not to lose it.

Submitted by VANIA REGINA PIERETTI JULIÃO null (vaniarpj@hotmail.com) on 2016-04-08T02:13:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final.pdf: 6980577 bytes, checksum: ca2b3d29c2ab34cd2d85ba49b4c13cf0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-08T13:41:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 juliao_vrp_me_mar.pdf: 6980577 bytes, checksum: ca2b3d29c2ab34cd2d85ba49b4c13cf0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-08T13:41:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 juliao_vrp_me_mar.pdf: 6980577 bytes, checksum: ca2b3d29c2ab34cd2d85ba49b4c13cf0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-08 / Outra / Neste texto apresentam-se resultados de pesquisa de Mestrado em Educação, desenvolvida no âmbito do programa de pesquisa “A história da didática em instituições de formação de professores no Brasil – 1827-2011”. O objeto de estudo é a história do curso Normal Superior do Instituto Superior de Educação de Garça, localizado na cidade de Garça no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Este trabalho apresenta como objetivo geral: analisar aspectos do Instituto Superior de Educação de Garça e do curso Normal Superior, a legislação pertinente e a atuação dos possíveis sujeitos que vivenciaram o período de implantação e funcionamento do Instituto e do curso em referência, que compreende de 2003 a 2007. Este recorte temporal se fez devido a existência do curso nesse período. E como objetivos específicos: identificar e analisar as práticas desenvolvidas no curso Normal Superior do Instituto Superior de Educação de Garça que o identifica como acadêmico; identificar e analisar as pesquisas realizadas no decorrer do curso Normal Superior do Instituto Superior de Educação de Garça; analisar relatos dos vários sujeitos que vivenciaram a trajetória do curso Normal Superior do Instituto Superior de Educação de Garça; analisar o debate que se estabeleceu no âmbito educacional referente a formação de professores ocorrer em Institutos Superiores de Educação e curso Normal Superior; identificar e analisar os aspectos das práticas escolares que se constituíram no Instituto Superior de Educação e no seu curso Normal Superior. Tenho a expectativa de que essa pesquisa possa contribuir para oferecer condições para: avaliação e reflexão sobre trajetória dos Institutos Superiores de Educação; avaliação, reflexão e análise do impacto da LDB n. 9.394/96 na formação de professores para a Educação Infantil e Séries Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental; para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas correlatas. A trajetória da formação de professores no Brasil passou por períodos de acordo com o contexto histórico até chegar na atual Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação-LDB n. 9.394/96 que direciona, nos artigos 62 e 63, a formação de professores da Educação Infantil e Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental nos Institutos Superiores de Educação para um curso de Licenciatura denominado Normal Superior. Após as publicações de Decretos, Pareceres e Resoluções, o que se viu foi uma expansão de autorização e funcionamento desses Institutos e curso Normal Superior. Mediante os debates acadêmicos sobre o curso que deveria formar professores para atuar na Educação Infantil e Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, se teve os Pareceres CNE/CP n.5/2005 e 03/2006, que indicaram a formação em questão no curso de Pedagogia. Há a partir dai a transformação do curso Normal Superior em curso de Pedagogia. A curta trajetória do curso Normal Superior, pautada num contexto histórico, marca a formação de professores em Institutos Superiores de Educação mantidos, em sua maioria, pela rede particular de ensino. Assim, o texto ora apresentado está pautado num quadro teórico constituído pelas formulações sobre História das Instituições, História do Tempo Presente e na História Oral concebida por Meihy (2000) e Thompson (1992). / This text presents Master's search results in Education, developed under the research program "The history of teaching in teacher training institutions in Brazil - 1827-2011." The study object is the story of Normal Course Superior of the Superior Institute of Education Garça, Garça located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. This paper presents the general objective: to analyze aspects of the Higher Garça Education and Normal course Institute, the relevant legislation and the activities of potential subjects who experienced the period of deployment and operation of the Institute and current reference, which comprises 2003 to 2007. This time frame was made due to the existence of the course in that period. And as specific objectives: to identify and analyze the practices developed in the Superior Normal course of the Institute of Garça of Education identifies as an academic; identify and analyze the surveys conducted during the Superior Normal Course of the School of Education Garça; analyze reports of several subjects who experienced the trajectory of the Normal Course Superior of the Institute of Garça of Education; analyze the debate that was established in the education sector related to teacher training occur in Higher Education Institutes and Normal Superior course; identify and analyze aspects of school practices that constituted the Institute of Education and its Normal Course Superior. I expect that this research will help provide conditions for: assessment and reflection on the trajectory of Higher Education Institutes; evaluation, reflection and analysis of the impact of LDB n. 9.394 / 96 in teacher training for early childhood education and early grades of elementary school; to the development of related research. The trajectory of teacher education in Brazil has gone through periods in accordance with the historical context to arrive at the current Law Guidelines and Education-LDB Bases n. 9.394 / 96 which directs, in Articles 62 and 63, the training of teachers of early childhood education and primary education Years Initials in Higher Education Institutes in the Bachelor's Degree called Normal Superior. After the Decrees of publications, opinions and resolutions, what we saw was an expansion of authorization and operation of these Institutes and Normal Superior course. By academic debates about the course should train teachers to work in Early Childhood Education and Early Years of elementary school, we had the Opinions CNE / CP n.5 / 2005 and 03/2006, which indicated the formation in question in the course of Pedagogy . There thereafter the transformation of Normal Superior course in pedagogy course. The short course of the Normal Superior course, based in a historical context, marks the formation of teachers in Higher Education Institutes maintained mostly by private schools. So now presented text is guided by a theoretical framework provided by the formulations of History of Institutions, History of Present Time and Oral History conceived by Meihy (2000) and Thompson (1992).

Submitted by MIRTES ROSE ANDRADE DE MOURA MARIANI null (mirtes_mariani@hotmail.com) on 2016-04-11T19:38:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Completa_Mirtes_2016.pdf: 50866046 bytes, checksum: 92db06f1bccc3dcf01e15d5ba219acbd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-13T12:25:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mariani_mram_me_mar.pdf: 50866046 bytes, checksum: 92db06f1bccc3dcf01e15d5ba219acbd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-13T12:25:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mariani_mram_me_mar.pdf: 50866046 bytes, checksum: 92db06f1bccc3dcf01e15d5ba219acbd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Trata-se de pesquisa de mestrado, com o objetivo geral localizar, identificar, reunir, selecionar, sistematizar, analisar e interpretar aspectos da disciplina de Didática no Curso Normal do Instituto Superior de Educação da cidade de Garça-SP (2003-2006). Tal formulação se originou da crença de que, as disciplinas escolares constituem corpos de saberes que elaborados, se tornam próprios para o estudo, a aprendizagem, e por meio da história das disciplinas escolares poderemos perceber a materialização da produção do conhecimento nas instituições escolares. Assim, se justifica a pesquisa cujos resultados ora apresento, centrado na história da disciplina Didática, no extinto Curso Normal Superior do Instituto Superior de Educação de Garça-SP (2003-2006), o qual faz parte de uma política de formação de professores pós LDB 9394/96. O método de análise e de interpretação dos dados e informações privilegiado é o dos “aspectos da configuração textual”, segundo Magnani (1993; 1997) /Mortatti (2000), baseado nos procedimentos de localização, identificação, recuperação, reunião, seleção, ordenação, sistematização e análise do corpus documental. O referencial teórico que subsidiou a análise dos dados e informações obtidos foi constituído pelas formulações de Chervel (1990) sobre o que esse pesquisador denomina de finalidades de objetivo e de finalidades reais, as quais fundamentam os saberes e permitem que eles se materializem nas instituições, por meio de todos os seus processos, dentre os quais, as disciplinas escolares e ou acadêmicas. Dentre as considerações finais tem-se que a as disciplinas de Didática deveria ter assumido no Curso Normal Superior de Garça, segundo o documento da instituição, papel relevante, ao lado da Pesquisa e Prática de Ensino e do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado como elementos integradores dos eixos curriculares. Entretanto, a pesquisa desenvolvida evidenciou que isso ficou apenas nas tentativas. / It is master's research, with the overall objective to locate, identify, gather, select, organize, analyze and interpret aspects of didactics of discipline in the Ordinary Course of the School of Education of the city of Garça SP (2003-2006). Such a formulation stemmed from the belief that school subjects are of knowledge that developed bodies become fit for study, learning, and through the history of school subjects can perceive the materialization of knowledge production in schools. Thus, it justifies the research whose results now present, centered in the history of Teaching discipline, extinct Training Course at the Higher Institute of Garça SP of Education (2003-2006), which is part of a post teacher training policy LDB 9394/96. The method of analysis and interpretation of data and privileged information is the "aspects of textual configuration," said Magnani (1993; 1997) / Mortatti (2000), based on the location of procedures, identification, recovery, meeting, selection, ordering , systematization and analysis of the documentary corpus. The theoretical framework that supported the analysis of the data and information obtained was constituted by Chervel formulations (1990) about what the researcher calls the objective purposes and real purposes, which underpin the knowledge and allow them to materialize in the institutions, through all its processes, among which the school and or academic disciplines. Among the final considerations it has been that the didactics of disciplines should have taken the Superior Normal Course of Garça, the report of the institution, role, next to the Research and Teaching Practice and Curriculum Supervised as the integrating elements of the axes curriculum. However, research carried out showed that it was only in attempts.