Kostnaderna för den arbetsrelaterade ohälsan i form av sjukskrivningar och produktionsbortfall är stora. De arbetsorganisatoriska faktorer som har störst betydelse för ohälsan är arbetsmiljön och ledarskapet. Ledningen är den faktor som i sin tur har möjlighet till påverkan på arbetsmiljöns utformning. Detta betyder att ledaren är den faktor som har störst möjlighet att påverka medarbetarens hälsa. Enligt vissa teorier kan ledarskapsbeteendet direkt kopplas till medarbetarnas hälsa. Andra studier kopplar ledarskapsbeteendet till medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse. Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka olika ledarbeteendens påverkan på medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse och hälsa. Syftet har även varit att utreda om det finns något koppling mellan arbetstillfredsställelse och hälsa, det vill säga en mekanism mellan ledarskapsbeteende och medarbetarnas hälsa. För att undersöka detta har uppsatsen analyserat kvantitativa data från undersökningen ”Arbetsmiljömärkta arbetsplatser” eller  ”Attraktiva arbetsplatser i Jämtlands län”. Det teoretiska resonemang som låg till grund för framställningen omfattade olika ledarbeteenden, medarbetarens behov, hälsa och välbefinnande, arbetstillfredsställelse samt ledarens och medarbetarens interaktion via krav, kontroll och stöd. Resultatet i min studie visade att en ledare genom sitt beteende påverkar sina medarbetares hälsa direkt och/eller indirekt genom mekanismen arbetstillfredsställelse. / The costs of work-related illness, such as sick-leaves and drops in production, are considerable. The work organizational factors with the greatest influence over illness are workplace environment and leadership. Management, in turn, is the factor with the possibility of influencing the design of the workplace environment. This means that the leader is the one with the greatest opportunity to influence the health of co-workers. According to some theories, leader behavior may directly be connected to the health of co-workers. Other studies discern a link between leadership behavior and work satisfaction of co-workers. The purpose of this paper has been to investigate the influence of different types of leadership on the work satisfaction and health of co-workers. The essay also aimed at examining whether or not a link exists between work satisfaction and health, i.e. a mechanism between leadership behavior and health of co-workers. In order to carry out this study, quantitative data has been analyzed from the reports “Arbetsmiljömärkta arbetsplatser” or “Attraktiva arbetsplatser i Jämtlands län”. The theoretical reasoning that came to constitute a basis for the essay comprised different types of leadership, co-workers needs, health and well-being, work satisfaction and finally leader and co-worker interaction through demands, control and support. The results of my study indicated that leader behavior directly influenced the health of co-workers and/or indirectly through the mechanism work satisfaction.

Kostnaderna för den arbetsrelaterade ohälsan i form av sjukskrivningar och produktionsbortfall är stora. De arbetsorganisatoriska faktorer som har störst betydelse för ohälsan är arbetsmiljön och ledarskapet. Ledningen är den faktor som i sin tur har möjlighet till påverkan på arbetsmiljöns utformning. Detta betyder att ledaren är den faktor som har störst möjlighet att påverka medarbetarens hälsa. Enligt vissa teorier kan ledarskapsbeteendet direkt kopplas till medarbetarnas hälsa. Andra studier kopplar ledarskapsbeteendet till medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse. Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka olika ledarbeteendens påverkan på medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse och hälsa. Syftet har även varit att utreda om det finns något koppling mellan arbetstillfredsställelse och hälsa, det vill säga en mekanism mellan ledarskapsbeteende och medarbetarnas hälsa. För att undersöka detta har uppsatsen analyserat kvantitativa data från undersökningen ”Arbetsmiljömärkta arbetsplatser” eller  ”Attraktivaarbetsplatser i Jämtlands län”. Det teoretiska resonemang som låg tillgrund för framställningen omfattade olika ledarbeteenden, medarbetarens behov, hälsa och välbefinnande, arbetstillfredsställelse samt ledarens och medarbetarens interaktion via krav, kontroll och stöd. Resultatet i min studie visade att en ledare genom sitt beteende påverkar sina medarbetares hälsa direkt och/eller indirekt genom mekanismen arbetstillfredsställelse. / The costs of work-related illness, such as sick-leaves and drops in production, are considerable. The work organizational factors with the greatest influence over illness are workplace environment and leadership. Management, in turn, is the factor with the possibility of influencing the design of the workplace environment. This means that the leader is the one with the greatest opportunity to influence the health of co-workers. According to some theories, leader behavior may directly be connected to the health of co-workers. Other studies discern a link between leadership behavior and work satisfaction of co-workers. The purpose of this paper has been to investigate the influence of different types of leadership on the work satisfaction and health of co-workers. The essay also aimed at examining whether or not a link exists between work satisfaction and health, i.e. a mechanism between leadership behavior and health of co-workers. In order to carry out this study, quantitative data has been analyzed from the reports “Arbetsmiljömärkta arbetsplatser” or “Attraktiva arbetsplatser i Jämtlands län”. The theoretical reasoning that came to constitute a basis for the essay comprised different types of leadership, co-workers needs, health and well-being, work satisfaction and finally leader and co-worker interaction through demands, control and support. The results of my study indicated that leader behavior directly influenced the health of co-workers and/or indirectly through the mechanism work satisfaction.

Prevalence rates of many types of psychopathology are lower for men than they are for women, but the causes of these discrepancies are not known. This paper focuses on two such psychopathology groups – eating disorders and depressive disorders – and examines gender differences within a transactional theory of stress that takes into account levels of cognitive processing (an expanded transactional theory of stress). Both studies found that men are more physiologically reactive to disorder-relevant, stressful stimuli and stressful events. The study on depression also found that different cognitive processes may be depressogenic for men and women: deployment of attentional resources toward negative stimuli was associated with depression in men, while deployment of attentional resources away from positive stimuli was associated with depression in women. These findings have significant implications for choosing appropriate treatment options for men and women.

This thesis takes its departure in 15-year-old students’ learning about the human body. During a semester I followed most of the sciences taught in one class of grade 9 students. I have chosen to illustrate lessons and analyse using the influence of feminists perspectives different situated actions in this science classroom practice, thereby raising a number of didactic questions focusing on the limits and possibilities of school science teaching. With the help of different analytic tools I have made close readings of transcribed situations presented in four studies. The results show ways in which science content becomes relevant to students’ experiences, but also how students’ unique voices may shift focus from the expected science content. Overall, the results show how some discursive performances that are often taken for granted in science education are filled with explicit and implicit norms about how things should be for example in relation to femininity and masculinity. These performances may affect how students come to regard themselves and the world around them. However, the results also point out opportunities for changing these discursive performances. One way of doing this, which emerges from my results, is to create possibilities for acts in situations of equal subject positions, where different kinds of positions are welcomed. This is an approach where the content of science education involves and transforms the experiences of students’ social lives, where students’ actions in encounters with the differences are regarded as an important part of meaning making. Therefore, I suggest that ongoing negotiations in teaching should be taken into account, be regarded as a significant part of the learning processes and, through this, open up new possibilities of widening what kind of meaning making becomes available for the students. This, in turn, may create a space with unimagined ethical opportunities by paying attention to disparities, i.e. to others who may act from a different logic than we are used to, in other words: welcoming and involving differences. / At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Papers 2, 3 and 4: Manuscripts.

This thesis examines the emergent legal concept of digital identity under the United Kingdom National Identity Scheme ('NIS') and its Australian counterpart, the Access Card Scheme('ACS') proposed in 2007. The Identity Cards Act 2006 UK c 15 ('Identity Cards Act’) and the Human Services (Enhanced Service Delivery) Bill (Cth) 2007 ('Access Card Bill') reveal a remarkably similar concept of identity in terms of its constitution and especially its functions. The United Kingdom scheme is currently being established, whereas the proposed Australian Scheme has been shelved following a change of government late in 2007. The NIS is therefore used as the model for this study but the analysis applies to any such scheme based on digital technology, including the ACS, should it be resurrected. The emergent concept of digital identity which is the subject of this thesis arises from legislation. It is a legal construct which consists of a collection of information that is stored and transmitted in digital form, and which has specific functions under the identity scheme. In this study, the information recorded about an individual for an identity scheme is referred to as an individual's 'database identity.' Database identity consists of information prescribed by legislation. Collectively, that information comprises an individual's registered identity. Under the United Kingdom scheme, it includes an individual's name/s, gender, date and place of birth and date of death, photograph, signature and biometrics, and other information such as citizenship and residential status including residential address/es, nationality, identity card number, passport number, work permit number, driver‘s licence number, and administrative information such as security and verification details. Within database identity is a small subset of information which is an individual‘s transactional identity, that is, an individual‘s identity for transactional purposes. In this study, that subset of database identity is called an individual‘s 'token identity'. Under the NIS, token identity consists of name, gender, date and place of birth, date of death and biometrics. Token identity is the gateway to the other information which makes up database identity and token identity has specific functions at the time of a transaction which give it legal character. In effect, it operates as the individual‘s transactional 'key.' Presentation of the required token identity at the time of the transaction enables the system to recognise, and to deal with, the registered identity. This thesis is therefore not about identity in the deep philosophical sense of 'who am I?' or 'what makes me, me?' It is about a legal concept of individual identity for specific purposes under a national identity scheme. In many ways, though, the concept of digital identity which is the subject of this thesis is just as important in a modern legal context. Under a national identity scheme, the response to the question 'who am I? ' is 'you are who the scheme (and in particular, the National Identity Register ('NIR')) says you are.' As the first conceptual legal analysis of identity in a transactional context, this thesis examines the functions and legal nature of database identity, and particularly token identity. Token identity has specific functions at the time of a transaction which are analysed from a legal perspective to determine whether token identity is a form of legal personality. This thesis also contends that individual personal and proprietary rights necessarily apply as a result of the functions and legal nature of this emergent concept of identity. In addition to the well- recognised right to privacy, this thesis argues that the concept gives rise to the right to identity which has been overlooked in this context. For the first time, identity as a legal concept is distinguished from privacy which is the focus of legal scholarship and jurisprudence in this area. The right to identity is contrasted with the right to privacy and the protection afforded by the right to identity in this context by those human rights in the United Kingdom is considered. The protection afforded to an individual in the United Kingdom is contrasted with the situation in Australia which does not currently have a comprehensive national human rights charter. In view of the limited protection which is currently provided to token identity by the civil law, the protection provided by the criminal law in both the United Kingdom and Australia becomes particularly significant in considering the obligations and rights which arise under the scheme. The adequacy of the criminal law in addressing the nature and consequences of the dishonest use by a person of another person‘s identity information is therefore also examined. Identity theft is defined and distinguished from identity fraud, having regard to the emergent concept of digital identity and the wrong and the harm caused by its misuse. In particular, the nature of token identity is examined and the consequences of its misuse by another person are considered in determining whether token identity is property which is capable of being the subject of theft and criminal damage. The thesis concludes by summarising the major insights provided by chapters 1-6 with a view to the future when national identity schemes like that of the United Kingdom, and indeed international schemes, will be commonplace and token identity routinely required for most commercial transactions. In that environment, being asked to provide one‘s token identity is likely to be as common and as routine as being asked one's name. / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Law School, 2009

This thesis examines the emergent legal concept of digital identity under the United Kingdom National Identity Scheme ('NIS') and its Australian counterpart, the Access Card Scheme('ACS') proposed in 2007. The Identity Cards Act 2006 UK c 15 ('Identity Cards Act’) and the Human Services (Enhanced Service Delivery) Bill (Cth) 2007 ('Access Card Bill') reveal a remarkably similar concept of identity in terms of its constitution and especially its functions. The United Kingdom scheme is currently being established, whereas the proposed Australian Scheme has been shelved following a change of government late in 2007. The NIS is therefore used as the model for this study but the analysis applies to any such scheme based on digital technology, including the ACS, should it be resurrected. The emergent concept of digital identity which is the subject of this thesis arises from legislation. It is a legal construct which consists of a collection of information that is stored and transmitted in digital form, and which has specific functions under the identity scheme. In this study, the information recorded about an individual for an identity scheme is referred to as an individual's 'database identity.' Database identity consists of information prescribed by legislation. Collectively, that information comprises an individual's registered identity. Under the United Kingdom scheme, it includes an individual's name/s, gender, date and place of birth and date of death, photograph, signature and biometrics, and other information such as citizenship and residential status including residential address/es, nationality, identity card number, passport number, work permit number, driver‘s licence number, and administrative information such as security and verification details. Within database identity is a small subset of information which is an individual‘s transactional identity, that is, an individual‘s identity for transactional purposes. In this study, that subset of database identity is called an individual‘s 'token identity'. Under the NIS, token identity consists of name, gender, date and place of birth, date of death and biometrics. Token identity is the gateway to the other information which makes up database identity and token identity has specific functions at the time of a transaction which give it legal character. In effect, it operates as the individual‘s transactional 'key.' Presentation of the required token identity at the time of the transaction enables the system to recognise, and to deal with, the registered identity. This thesis is therefore not about identity in the deep philosophical sense of 'who am I?' or 'what makes me, me?' It is about a legal concept of individual identity for specific purposes under a national identity scheme. In many ways, though, the concept of digital identity which is the subject of this thesis is just as important in a modern legal context. Under a national identity scheme, the response to the question 'who am I? ' is 'you are who the scheme (and in particular, the National Identity Register ('NIR')) says you are.' As the first conceptual legal analysis of identity in a transactional context, this thesis examines the functions and legal nature of database identity, and particularly token identity. Token identity has specific functions at the time of a transaction which are analysed from a legal perspective to determine whether token identity is a form of legal personality. This thesis also contends that individual personal and proprietary rights necessarily apply as a result of the functions and legal nature of this emergent concept of identity. In addition to the well- recognised right to privacy, this thesis argues that the concept gives rise to the right to identity which has been overlooked in this context. For the first time, identity as a legal concept is distinguished from privacy which is the focus of legal scholarship and jurisprudence in this area. The right to identity is contrasted with the right to privacy and the protection afforded by the right to identity in this context by those human rights in the United Kingdom is considered. The protection afforded to an individual in the United Kingdom is contrasted with the situation in Australia which does not currently have a comprehensive national human rights charter. In view of the limited protection which is currently provided to token identity by the civil law, the protection provided by the criminal law in both the United Kingdom and Australia becomes particularly significant in considering the obligations and rights which arise under the scheme. The adequacy of the criminal law in addressing the nature and consequences of the dishonest use by a person of another person‘s identity information is therefore also examined. Identity theft is defined and distinguished from identity fraud, having regard to the emergent concept of digital identity and the wrong and the harm caused by its misuse. In particular, the nature of token identity is examined and the consequences of its misuse by another person are considered in determining whether token identity is property which is capable of being the subject of theft and criminal damage. The thesis concludes by summarising the major insights provided by chapters 1-6 with a view to the future when national identity schemes like that of the United Kingdom, and indeed international schemes, will be commonplace and token identity routinely required for most commercial transactions. In that environment, being asked to provide one‘s token identity is likely to be as common and as routine as being asked one's name. / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Law School, 2009

Detta examensarbete handlar om lärares syn på lässtrategiundervisning. Då mina egna erfarenheter inom skolans årskurs 1–3 vittnar om att läsfixarna används som metod trots att det inte finns forskning som stödjer metoden, har intresset legat i att undersöka lärares syn på läsfixarna som metod. Ett hett ämne inom skoldebatten har länge varit svenska elevers sjunkande resultat i läsförståelse enligt kunskapsmätningar som PISA. Detta menar Barbro Westlund, lektor i läs- och skrivutveckling och deltagare i flera forskningsprojekt, beror på bristande förmåga att plocka fram de rätta strategierna i mötet med olika texttyper. Westlund betonar vikten av att undervisa om lässtrategier ämnesspecifikt vilket ökade mitt intresse av att även undersöka hur lärare använder läsfixarna i samhälls- och naturorienterande ämnen. Undersökningen bygger på sju intervjuer av verksamma lärare i årskurs 1–3 samt en observation av ett lektionstillfälle. Resultatet visar en positiv syn på läsfixarna som metod som går att knyta till tidigare forskning. Resultatet har även visat på att metoden till största del används i svenskämnet, men att det på flera sätt går att använda strategierna ämnesspecifikt. Den positiva synen på läsfixarna som metod väcker nya frågeställningar om varför det saknas vetenskapliga bevis på att metoden är effektiv för läsförståelseutveckling. Det här är dock något som öppnar nya dörrar för vidare undersökningar i bredare omfattning på huruvida läsfixarna som metod hjälper läsaren att utveckla läsförståelse eller inte. / This master thesis is about the teachers view of reading strategy teaching. As my own experiences within the school grades 1-3 testifies that “läsfixarna”, which is a method of reading comprehension strategies, as method is used despite there existing no research that supports the method. For this reason, thesis aims to investigate the teachers’ view of “läsfixarna” as a method. A hot topic in school debate has been for a long time the decreasing results for reading comprehension for Swedish students in knowledge test like the PISA test. This is a cause according to Barbro Westlund, a senior lecturer in reading and writing development and participant in multiple research projects, of the lack of ability to use the correct strategies when encountering different kinds of text. Westlund emphasizes the importance of teaching about the reading strategies specific to the study which increased the interest to also investigate on how teachers use “läsfixarna” in society and science studies. The present study is based on seven interviews with working teachers in grades 1-3 and an observation of a period. The results are show a positive view of “läsfixarna” as a method which is also connected to earlier research of reading comprehension strategies. The results also suggest that the method is largely used in the Swedish subject, but it is also possible to use the strategies in various subject-specific ways. The positive view of “läsfixarna” as a method raises new issues, as there is no scientific evidence that the method is effective for reading comprehension development. This is something that opens doors for further and new investigations to a much wider extent on whether “läsfixarna” as a method help readers to develop reading comprehension or not.

Airlines have endured a prolonged period of intense competition with the advent of deregulation in 1978. Market innovations and price-cutting dramatically expanded the number of travelers utilizing the national air transportation network. Bankruptcies and mergers reduced the number of contestants in the industry and eventually produced four national carriers controlling 80-85 percent of the passengers and routes. This new market power of the dominant airlines is resulting in industry changes designed to reduce operational uncertainty but is also having detrimental effects on many airports, particularly the smallest airports. This study employs qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the viability of the nation’s smallest primary commercial service airports. Three journal articles are fused in examining different aspects of the viability question. In Article 1, a longitudinal comparative analysis presents historic growth patterns for various sized airports during deregulation and reveals a distinctly lower growth rate for nonhub airports than their larger rivals. Even with a burgeoning market for travelers, growth for nonhub airports was anemic and the industry experienced massive passenger migration to the 60 largest airports. Article 2 addresses the topic of consumer switching, expands on extant literature with qualitative analyses, and proposes a theoretic, conceptual framework of four primary types of traveler purchasers. Each traveler type has its own distinct switching rationale and creates leakage patterns contoured to the features of their preferred airport. Building on the migration and switching findings of the first two articles, Article 3 explores converging market conditions and factors that are threatening future airline service for dozens of the smallest airports. By extracting findings from contemporary research, a comparative analysis of airports identifies 33 airports that face the highest risk of losing air service. The explanatory model places the airports in rank order by weighting various threat criteria. Qualitative interviews of air service professionals offer insider observations generally not known to the public, confirm observations found in existing research and verify that market forces are acting to reduce the number of airports in the network. The key contribution of the three articles of the thesis is its description of how key actors (firms, customers, agencies) interact and respond to policy decisions that have unintended consequences to small airports and their regional economies. There are predictable patterns in the relational linkages of these actors that contribute to our understanding of how a particular industry evolves under various pressures and how it interacts with factors outside the industry. The preponderance of the evidence from this study reveals that current market trends are generally caustic to the continued operation of small airports. Industry experts are reticent in acknowledging that the next phase of deregulation is underway with the consolidation of the nation’s nonhub airports.

Submitted by JAQUELINE PEREIRA CARDOSO REIS (jpcreis@terra.com.br) on 2015-11-29T14:59:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Final_Dissertação Jaqueline Reis.pdf: 33799822 bytes, checksum: 31c91f76cfeb3405864a2bc0f94782c8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2015-12-01T13:04:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Final_Dissertação Jaqueline Reis.pdf: 33799822 bytes, checksum: 31c91f76cfeb3405864a2bc0f94782c8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-12-03T15:39:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Final_Dissertação Jaqueline Reis.pdf: 33799822 bytes, checksum: 31c91f76cfeb3405864a2bc0f94782c8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T15:40:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Final_Dissertação Jaqueline Reis.pdf: 33799822 bytes, checksum: 31c91f76cfeb3405864a2bc0f94782c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-26 / A turbulência dos mercados globais, o acirramento da concorrência, a velocidade das mudanças, a complexidade e a incerteza do cenário político, econômico e social trazem incessantes desafios para as organizações, que buscam responder a esses movimentos dinâmicos com a celeridade necessária, a fim de obter vantagem competitiva e assegurar a sustentabilidade dos negócios. Nessa perspectiva, a liderança tem um papel fundamental por ser capaz de mobilizar e orientar a força de trabalho para o cumprimento das metas organizacionais, uma vez que o líder pode influenciar positivamente e inspirar pessoas a dar o melhor de si em benefício da organização. O engajamento, a motivação e a cooperação que propiciam essa entrega pessoal ocorrem a partir da percepção dos liderados a respeito do comportamento do líder exemplar, o que remete à construção de vínculos de confiança. Em função disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar o estilo de liderança prevalecente em uma unidade de uma instituição financeira, bem como avaliar se este estilo propicia a construção de relações de confiança entre líder e liderados. Para tanto, inicialmente foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico sobre os temas liderança e confiança. Na sequência, foram aplicados os questionários Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) e Behavioral Trust Inventory (BTI) e realizadas entrevistas, a fim de obter os dados para análise. Como resultado da pesquisa concluiu-se que prevalece na unidade estudada um estilo com traços da liderança transformacional e da liderança transacional recompensa contingente. Ficou evidenciado que esse estilo de liderança constrói vínculos de confiança mútua, demonstrando que as ações do líder fomentam o reconhecimento de sua credibilidade e auxiliam na solução de dilemas de gestão, possibilitando a cooperação espontânea para o alcance dos objetivos estratégicos da instituição. / Factors as turbulence in global markets, increased competition, speed of change, complexity and uncertainty of the political, economic and social scenario bring endless challenges for organizations that seek to respond to these dynamic movements with the necessary speed in order to gain competitive advantage and ensure business sustainability. From this perspective, the leadership has a key role to be able to mobilize and guide the workforce to meet the organizational goals, once the leader can positively influence and inspire people to give their best for the organization’s benefits. Engagement, motivation and cooperation that provide this personal delivery occur from the perception of followers about exemplary leader's behavior, which refers to building trust bonds. As a result, this study aimed to identify the prevalent leadership style in a unit of a financial institution and to assess whether this style provides trust between leader and followers. Thus, it was initially performed a literature review on leadership and trust. Then, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) and Behavioral Trust Inventory (BTI) were applied and interviews were performed in order to get the data for analysis. As a result of research, it was concluded that the style with traces of transformational leadership and transactional contingent reward leadership was prevailed in the unit studied. It was evident that this leadership style builds mutual trust bonds, showing that the actions of the leader encourage the recognition of his credibility and help solving management dilemmas, allowing the spontaneous cooperation to achieve the strategic objectives of the institution.

The aim of this study was to find the relationships between leadership style, organisational culture and organisational performance and subsequently develop a conceptual framework for enhancing Organisational Performance through the linkage between Leadership style and Organisational Culture in the public sector, in the South African Police Service (SAPS). Many of the previous studies have explored the direct relationship between specific culture domains and a specific performance measure and researchers have paid attention to mediators and moderators of the link between organisational culture and performance only in private sectors. According to the literature, leadership style and organisational culture have been independently linked to organisational performance (Ogbonna & Harris, 2000; Denison & Mishra, 1995; Xenikou & Simosi, 2006; Cameron & Quinn, 2011). All these authors focused on the effect of organisational culture and leadership style on organisational performance in the private sector. In order to achieve the research aim and objectives extensive an intensive literature review of the relevant and current literature was done. The mixed methods approach was applied. Data was collected by the use of self-administered questionnaires for the quantitative data and in-depth interviews and observations for the qualitative data. Regression analysis was used to investigate the relationships between the key study variables and more importantly the mediating and moderating effect on the effect of leadership style on organisational performance. The results of this study indicated that the transformational leadership style does not have a direct effect on organisational performance but rather through organisational culture as a mediating and moderating variable. It was also found that transformational leadership style and organisational culture affect each other. The implication was that leaders should cultivate an organisational culture which is conducive to work in order to enhance organisational performance. / Business Management / D.B.L.