Os estudos sobre os hábitos alimentares valem-se de diferentes instrumentos, conforme o objetivo da pesquisa e a população investigada. Em se tratando da população infantil, há maior variação intrapessoal e limitada capacidade cognitiva para informar o que ingeriram, tornando a avaliação dietética mais difícil. Não há um "melhor método", mas sim um método adequado a uma determinada situação. Tal método necessita de acurácia razoável e custo relativamente baixo, quando a pesquisa envolve muitos indivíduos. Entre as opções, há o registro alimentar, o recordatório alimentar de 24 horas, o questionário de frequência de consumo alimentar e a história alimentar. Em clínica, o inquérito alimentar visa orientar sobre a tomada de decisão sobre o melhor tratamento para manter ou promover a saúde do paciente. O interesse sobre os métodos de medida de ingestão alimentar é cada vez maior, o que permite o crescente conhecimento das vantagens e desvantagens de cada método. Neste artigo são discutidos os diversos instrumentos, suas características, aplicações e limitações. / Studies on eating habits employ different instruments, depending on the aims of the protocol and the population being investigated. In the case of the pediatrics population, there is greater intra-individual variability, and a more limited cognitive ability to inform what has been ingested. This makes the dietary assessment more difficult. There is no "the best method", but a more adequate approach for each situation. When the research involves many subjects, the method of choice has to show reasonable accuracy, and be relatively inexpensive. Among the options, we find the food record, the 24-hour dietary recall, the food-frequency questionnaire, and the diet history. In the clinic setting, the dietary assessment aims at helping the health professionals to choose the best approach to maintain or promote the patients' health. There is growing interest in the subject. This paper discusses several instruments, their characteristics, applications and limitations.

Orientador: Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira / Banca: Karina Pfrimer / Banca: Thabata Koester Weber / Resumo: Objetivo. Estudar o consumo alimentar de mulheres obesas na fila de espera para cirurgia bariátrica a partir de inquéritos do consumo pregresso das últimas 24 horas e dos últimos 30 dias, seguindo-se protocolos correntes de validação e reprodutibilidade de inquéritos de frequência alimentar e de avaliação do padrão dietético. Métodos: As participantes do estudo foram mulheres recrutadas na fila de espera para a cirurgia bariátrica, em três distintas fases. Na primeira, foram analisados os registros de consumo alimentar de 24 horas (Rg24h) de 100 mulheres para gerar um questionário de frequência alimentar (QFA) com 97 itens. Na segunda fase o QFA foi aplicado simultaneamente ao Rg24h de 3 dias não consecutivos, em 81 mulheres, seguindo procedimentos de validação (QFA1). Na terceira fase o QFA foi novamente aplicado, em 74 mulheres, seguindo procedimentos de reprodutibilidade (QFA2). Uma segunda análise foi realizada para determinar comparativamente o padrão alimentar obtido no QFA1 e QFA2 por meio de análise fatorial de componentes principais. Resultados: A concordância dos dados do QFA1 e o Rg24, avaliada pelo coeficiente Kappa, foram nulos com valores entre -0,0633 e 0,0505 para energia e nutrientes avaliados. Os padrões alimentares expressos pelo QFA1 não foram refletidos no QFA2. Conclusão: Assim, conclui-se que as abordagens convencionais de avaliação do consumo alimentar mostraram resultados inconsistentes nessa população. Outras abordagens ou critérios mais rigorosos pa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the food intake of obese women in the waiting line for bariatric surgery using 24-hour and 30-day recalls that comply with the current validation and reproducibility protocols for such questionnaires and assessment of dietary patterns. Methodology: The study had three distinct phases. The first phase analyzed the 24-hour recall (24HR) of 100 women, which generated a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 97 items. In the second phase, the FFQ and 24HR were administered simultaneously on three nonconsecutive days to 81 women according to the validation procedures (FFQ1). In the third phase, the FFQ was again administered to 74 women according to the reproducibility procedures (FFQ2). A second analysis compared the food patterns extracted from FFQ1 and FFQ2 by principal components factor analysis. Results: According to the Kappa coefficient, the agreement between FFQ1 and 24HR was null, with values ranging from -0.0633 and 0.0505 for energy and the study nutrients. The food patterns expressed by FFQ1 were not reflected by FFQ2. Conclusion: In conclusion, the conventional approaches to assess food intake produced inconsistent results in this population. Other approaches or more rigorous criteria for using these same approaches may be necessary to mitigate the inconsistencies found. / Mestre

Os estudos sobre os hábitos alimentares valem-se de diferentes instrumentos, conforme o objetivo da pesquisa e a população investigada. Em se tratando da população infantil, há maior variação intrapessoal e limitada capacidade cognitiva para informar o que ingeriram, tornando a avaliação dietética mais difícil. Não há um "melhor método", mas sim um método adequado a uma determinada situação. Tal método necessita de acurácia razoável e custo relativamente baixo, quando a pesquisa envolve muitos indivíduos. Entre as opções, há o registro alimentar, o recordatório alimentar de 24 horas, o questionário de frequência de consumo alimentar e a história alimentar. Em clínica, o inquérito alimentar visa orientar sobre a tomada de decisão sobre o melhor tratamento para manter ou promover a saúde do paciente. O interesse sobre os métodos de medida de ingestão alimentar é cada vez maior, o que permite o crescente conhecimento das vantagens e desvantagens de cada método. Neste artigo são discutidos os diversos instrumentos, suas características, aplicações e limitações. / Studies on eating habits employ different instruments, depending on the aims of the protocol and the population being investigated. In the case of the pediatrics population, there is greater intra-individual variability, and a more limited cognitive ability to inform what has been ingested. This makes the dietary assessment more difficult. There is no "the best method", but a more adequate approach for each situation. When the research involves many subjects, the method of choice has to show reasonable accuracy, and be relatively inexpensive. Among the options, we find the food record, the 24-hour dietary recall, the food-frequency questionnaire, and the diet history. In the clinic setting, the dietary assessment aims at helping the health professionals to choose the best approach to maintain or promote the patients' health. There is growing interest in the subject. This paper discusses several instruments, their characteristics, applications and limitations.

Orientador: Maria Antonia Martins Galeazzi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-28T21:02:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alves_ReginaCoelideCarvalho_M.pdf: 22983301 bytes, checksum: d58743403d95691037a5c28d1ec00c34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o consumo alimentar de crianças nos dois primeiros anos de vida sob a ótica da segurança alimentar e nutricional em áreas de pobreza do Município de Campinas-SP. identificadas segundo criterios de renda familiar , consições de moradia e contiguidade, baseado no censo de 1991 / Abstract: This study aimed to characterize the food intake of children in the first two years of life from the viewpoint of food safety and nutritional poverty in areas of the city of Campinas, Brazil. identified the second criteria of family income, consições of housing and contiguity, based on the census of 1991 / Mestrado / Nutrição Basica e Experimental / Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição

included 24-hour food recalls, infant feeding practices, women's food preferences and frequency of food intake. Anthropometry consisted of weight, height, mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC), and triceps skinfold (TSF) thickness measurements in women and children, with additional head circumference measurements in children less than 3 years. Major findings from dietary assessment revealed that adult diets were simplistic, consisting primarily of rice, beans, and coffee (with sugar). Analysis of nutrient intake and comparison with international standards showed that women were probably at high risk for vitamin A, iron, calcium, ascorbic acid, and riboflavin deficiencies; children appeared at high risk for vitamin A, iron, and ascorbic acid deficiencies. Infant feeding practices indicated that all children (under 5 years) had been breast fed at birth, although many were weaned at an early age. Negative nutritional infant feeding practices were reported, especially for conditions such as fever and diarrhoea. Belief in the "hot/cold" food classification system was reported by women. Although food taboos were reported for menstruation, pregnancy, immediately post partum, and lactation, relatively few taboos had potentially negative nutritional consequences. Anthropometric assessment indicated that a significant number of women were probably undernourished; a small percentage of women, however, were overweight or obese. Children did not generally appear undernourished; many, however, were stunted in growth. Summative evaluation of the nutrition education program indicated that for women who participated in the program, nutrition knowledge scores showed improvement and were statistically significant at ∝ =.05, using Wilcoxon signed rank test. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

The use of color coded prompts to influence students' food selections in choosing a balanced meal was investigated. Yellow, green, blue, and orange dots, representing the four major food groups, grains, fruit and vegetables, dairy, and meat respectively were displayed at the point-of-selection on food entree cards along the serving line of a college dining hall. Two grain servings, two fruit/vegetable servings, one dairy serving, and one meat serving, were suggested as the optimal combination for a balanced meal. The results indicated that the prompts, although noticed and understood by the majority of the students, did not significantly influence their food selections. These findings are inconsistent with earlier studies substantiating the effectiveness of color coded prompts at the point-of-selection in influencing food choices. Implications are discussed.

The following work seeks to address the necessity that the inhabitants of the impoverished regions in Bolivia experience, as is the case of the highland region of Paceno, which is the understanding of their nutritional and alimentary situation. We studied the communities of Canavari, Pocohata, Colina Blanca, Puente Arriba, and Villa Arriendo de la Provincia Ingavi, in the province of la Paz. The studied variable was the nutritional sta te, having as parameters: physical and economical availability of the food, food consumption, nutritional habits, biological usage of the food, basic sanitary conditions, and the educationallevel of the heads of family. A cross-descriptive study was conducted considering the aforementioned values. Government help was required for the collection of data in each particular community, in which the necessary anthropometric measurements were collected, followed by a survey, and direct observation. In order to accomplish the goal of the study the following specific objectives were set: evaluate the nutritional state of the population, determine the availability of the food, and determine the consumption and usage patterns of the food. The obtained data shows different levels of malnutrition in both children and adults; regarding their nutritional state, it is important to emphasis the high prevalence of chronic malnutrition in both children and adults. The data shows that the diet followed by the inhabitants of the studied is very poor in variety, and limited by several factors, such as cost, poor availability, and poor crop diversity. We also observed that the primary base of the diet were carbohydrates, mostly obtained from tubers such as potatoes. According to the characteristics of the nutritional state presented by the studied populations, we can say, unless they are corrected, there is an inherent risk in that in the future, the work force in the community will diminish, causing a decrease in the crops, and therefore, a greater damage to the nutritional state of the people inhabiting this impoverished regions.

No description available.

Make Your Food Dollars Count is a program the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) published to help low-income people improve their nutritional status and maximize the use of their food dollars. This program was implemented in Roanoke City at Mountain House, a special rehabilitation program sponsored by Mental Health Services of the Roanoke Valley; Melrose Tower Retirement Village and Morningside Manor Retirement Village. Program effectiveness was measured by food dollars saved, a decrease in good dollars spent on foods in the firth food group (fats, sweets, and alcohol), and improved dietary intake. The main instruments used to measure effectiveness were pre and post-demographic surveys, pre and post 24-hour recalls, and four food habit surveys. A total of 53 people participated in this study. Results show that were was an average $1.15 weekly decrease in the amount of money 12 participants attending sessions and four spent on foods in the fifth food group. An average of $4.23 per week was saved by those six participants who attended all four sessions. Fruit and Vegetable Adequacy and Milk and Milk Product Adequacy Subscores improved for all participants attending sessions one and four. The greatest dietary changes occurred for those participants attending all four sessions. / M.S.

Evidence of changing patterns of food consumption behavior is presented. Previous attempts at explaining these changes are critically reviewed and the need for an alternate approach is identified. A model of consumer behavior in which utility from food consumption is maximized subject to outlay for foods and limits on the consumption of fat, cholesterol, sodium, and/or other food components is proposed. This model yields a system of demands that are functions of prices and outlay as well as the composition of food and limits on the consumption of these components. The structure of this model is examined and restrictions on consumer food demands are derived. The derivation of individual demands based on the proposed model is demonstrated using a specific indirect utility function. Tests of the joint hypotheses that fat or cholesterol consumption determines food demand are defined. The computation of aggregate food demand elasticities with respect to changes in prices and changes in attributes such as fat or cholesterol consumption is demonstrated. Data necessary for estimating the parameters of the model and testing hypotheses are identified. The model proposed in this study allows tests of the hypothesis that food demands are not affected by food composition as well as measurement of these effects / Ph. D.