No / Prior work on the technology acceptance model (TAM) is mainly devoted to the influence of TAM’s core motivational factors and their impact on behavioral intent toward IS acceptance. Relatively little research has focused on what specific system design characteristics motivate individuals toward IS acceptance. This article identified specific systems design factors and examined their impact on TAM’s motivational factors through the TAM. The findings will help designers to design and implement better user-accepted systems.

South African home users of the Internet use the Internet to perform various everyday functions. These functions include, but are not limited to, online shopping, online gaming, social networking and online banking. Home users of online banking face multiple threats, such as phishing and social engineering. These threats come from hackers attempting to obtain confidential information, such as online banking authentication credentials, from home users. It is, thus, essential that home users of online banking be made aware of these threats, how to identify them and what countermeasures to implement to protect themselves from hackers. In this respect, information security awareness (ISA) programmes are an effective way of making the home users of online banking aware of both the threats they face and the countermeasures available to protect themselves from these threats. There are certain legal requirements with which South African banks have to comply when implementing ISA initiatives. Non-compliance or failure to demonstrate due care and due diligence should a security incident occur will result in financial penalties for the bank as well as possible brand damage and loss of customers. Banks implement international best practice recommendations in an effort to comply with legislation. These include recommendations for information security awareness. This research investigated both information security best practice recommendations and information security legal requirements for information security awareness. A selected list of information security best practices was investigated for best practice recommendations while a selected list of information security legislation was investigated for legal requirements imposed on South African banks. A gap analysis was performed on both these recommendations and requirements to determine whether the implementation of best practice recommendations resulted in compliance with legal requirements. The gap analysis found that the implementation of best practice recommendations does not result in compliance with legal requirements. Accordingly, the outcome of this research highlighted the importance of understanding the legal requirements and ensuring that adequate controls are in place with which to achieve compliance. / Business Information systems / Msc. (Information systems)

Online banking systems have become more common and widely used in daily life, bringing huge changes in modern banking transaction activities and giving us a greater opportunity to access the banking system anytime and anywhere. At the same time, however, one of the key challenges that still remain is to fully resolve the security concerns associated with the online banking system. Many clients feel that online banking is not secure enough, and to increase its security levels, many banks simply add more identity-checking steps or put on more security measures to some extent to give users the impression of a secure online banking system. However, this is easier to be said than done, because we believe that more identity-checking steps could compromise the usability of the online banking system, which is an inevitable feature in design of usable and useful online banking systems. Banks can simply enhance their security level with more sophisticated technologies, but this does not seem to guarantee the online banking system is in line with its key usability concern. Therefore, the research question raised in this thesis is to establish the relationships between usability, security and trustworthiness in the online banking system. To demonstrate these relationships, three experiments were carried out using the simulation of an online banking logon procedure to provide a similar online banking experience. Post questionnaires were used to measure the three concepts, i.e. usability, security and trustworthiness. The resulting analyses revealed that simply adding more identity-checking steps in the online banking system did not improve the customers? perceived security and trustworthiness, nor the biometric security technique (i.e., fingerprints) did enhance the subjective ratings on the perceived security and trustworthiness. This showed that the systems designer needs to be aware that the customer?s perception of the online banking system is not the same as that conceived from a technical standpoint.

Nuo 1995 metų bankai pradėjo teikti savo klientams tiesiogines prieigas prie savo sąskaitų per internetą iš bet kurio pasaulio taško. Lietuvoje šios paslaugos vartotojų skaičius auga kiekvienais metais. Tačiau didėjant internetinės bankininkystės klientų skaičiui, daugėja ir su paslaugos vartojimu susijusių problemų. Viena didžiausių – vartotojų kompetencijos trūkumas naudojantis paslauga. Vieni nemoka atlikti paprasčiausių operacijų, o labiau patyrę vartotojai dažniausiai nebūna susipažinę su visomis internetinės bankininkystės galimybėmis. Darbe aprašomas bankininkystės žinyno modelis, sukurtas naudojant techninio rašymo principus ir pritaikytas atskiriems vartotojų segmentams. Modelio tinkamumas įvertintas atliekant eksperimentinį tyrimą, kuris susidarė iš virtualaus komandinio darbo projekto bei anketinės apklausos. / Since 1995 banks offer their clients direct access to bank accounts through internet from everywhere in the world. In Lithuania number of internet banking users is growing every year. During 9 months of year 2006, number of users has increased 24 %. More and more traditional banking features are implemented into internet banking and that makes internet banking complex. While the number of users keeps increasing, we have to face more problems too. In 2003 SEB Bankas carried out a research that indicated that one third of people do not use internet banking because they are not ignorant of this service. Beginners usually do not know how to perform basic features while advanced users are not familiar with the entire internet banking opportunities. The goal of this paper is to create an internet banking manual’s model that combines the principles of technical writing and will be adopted for separated user segments. Dual experimental research has been carried out to evaluate the created model.

Substantial problems of electronic contract reglamentation are being discussed in this study. This work consists of two parts. Definition of electronic contract and the main legal acts are being discussed in the first part of the work. And in the second part different agreements are examined and their adoption to laws. The aim of this work is to analyze different legal sources of Electronics contracts and to reveal how those laws are put into practice in different online banking service and online auction service agreements. We are trying not only to analyze International and Lithuanian legal sources but also to reveal the main reglamentation problems.

South African home users of the Internet use the Internet to perform various everyday functions. These functions include, but are not limited to, online shopping, online gaming, social networking and online banking. Home users of online banking face multiple threats, such as phishing and social engineering. These threats come from hackers attempting to obtain confidential information, such as online banking authentication credentials, from home users. It is, thus, essential that home users of online banking be made aware of these threats, how to identify them and what countermeasures to implement to protect themselves from hackers. In this respect, information security awareness (ISA) programmes are an effective way of making the home users of online banking aware of both the threats they face and the countermeasures available to protect themselves from these threats. There are certain legal requirements with which South African banks have to comply when implementing ISA initiatives. Non-compliance or failure to demonstrate due care and due diligence should a security incident occur will result in financial penalties for the bank as well as possible brand damage and loss of customers. Banks implement international best practice recommendations in an effort to comply with legislation. These include recommendations for information security awareness. This research investigated both information security best practice recommendations and information security legal requirements for information security awareness. A selected list of information security best practices was investigated for best practice recommendations while a selected list of information security legislation was investigated for legal requirements imposed on South African banks. A gap analysis was performed on both these recommendations and requirements to determine whether the implementation of best practice recommendations resulted in compliance with legal requirements. The gap analysis found that the implementation of best practice recommendations does not result in compliance with legal requirements. Accordingly, the outcome of this research highlighted the importance of understanding the legal requirements and ensuring that adequate controls are in place with which to achieve compliance. / Business Information systems / Msc. (Information systems)

Finansiell rådgivning är en tjänst som karaktäriseras av att det är en aktivitet som ett företag utför för att möta kundens behov. Interaktionen mellan den finansiella rådgivaren och kunden är därmed betydelsefull. Då en interaktion består av två parter är det även relevant att studera den finansiella rådgivarens perspektiv. Syftet med studien är att bidra med förståelse för de utmaningar som finansiella rådgivare upplever i det digitala rådgivningsmötet. För att kunna uppfylla syftet med studien har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod använts. Det empiriska materialet bestod av sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med finansiella rådgivare. Studiens resultat visar att de finansiella rådgivarna upplever att det digitala rådgivningsmötet fungerar relativt väl. Dock upplever de finansiella rådgivare som har intervjuats att det finns vissa utmaningar i det digitala rådgivningsmötet. Resultatet visar att det uppstår olika utmaningar i de olika faserna i rådgivningsprocessen. / Financial advice is a service that is characterized by the fact that it is an activity that a company performs to meet the customer's needs. The interaction between the financial advisor and the client is thus significant. As an interaction consists of two parties, it is also relevant to study the financial advisor's perspective. The purpose of the study is to contribute with an understanding of the challenges that financial advisors experience in the digital advisory meeting. In order to fulfill the purpose of the study, a qualitative research method has been used. The empirical material consisted of seven semi-structured interviews with financial advisors. The results of the study show that the financial advisors feel that the digital advisory meeting works relatively well. However, the financial advisers who have been interviewed experience that there are certain challenges in the digital advisory meeting. The results show that different challenges arise in the different phases of the counseling process.

Banks are currently battling rising of fraudulent activities as it damages their relationship with their customers. Online banking fraud is decreasing trust and confidence among the customers and decreasing operating performance and increasing cost for the banks. This paper looks at online banking fraud in Norway and answers the research questions (1). How are bank customers attacked through the internet? and (2). How are banks trying to prevent fraudulent attacks against their customers? Interviews and document collection were used for data gathering, and in total, four interviews were conducted with academics and business professionals. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings suggest that BankID fraud, Card fraud, CEO fraud, Investment fraud, Love scams and Phishing are among the most frequent attacks in Norway at present. Attacks contain elements of social manipulation, constantly change and are customized to target victims. The attacks have in common that they all are showing patterns of professionalizing. The study found that Norwegian banks are technologically advanced regarding fraud detection and authentication, and have put efforts into awareness against online banking fraud. However, the main issue of online banking fraud in Norway is seemingly grounded in the interactions made by the customers with the technology and not the prevention system the banks deploy.

Usability refers to the study and measurement of the quality of human-computer interaction. Internet-based banking is a task-oriented, goal-directed, Web-based, E-commerce application where users access and manipulate bank accounts remotely through a Web browser interface. The examination of the usability of this interaction through the distributed medium of the Internet formed the research basis. The aims of the research are to review the application of general usability principles and properties to Internet-based banking, examine existing usability guidelines for hypermedia and Web design, and apply these during a structured evaluation of local and international online banking facilities. The research instrument is a combination of a checklist-based and heuristic evaluation, and is preceded by a task analysis. Three research questions are addressed and solutions suggested. These are related to improving Internet banking usability, finding the best approach for measuring this, and creating an awareness that Web usability is important. / Science / M.Sc. (Informatyion Systems)

Usability refers to the study and measurement of the quality of human-computer interaction. Internet-based banking is a task-oriented, goal-directed, Web-based, E-commerce application where users access and manipulate bank accounts remotely through a Web browser interface. The examination of the usability of this interaction through the distributed medium of the Internet formed the research basis. The aims of the research are to review the application of general usability principles and properties to Internet-based banking, examine existing usability guidelines for hypermedia and Web design, and apply these during a structured evaluation of local and international online banking facilities. The research instrument is a combination of a checklist-based and heuristic evaluation, and is preceded by a task analysis. Three research questions are addressed and solutions suggested. These are related to improving Internet banking usability, finding the best approach for measuring this, and creating an awareness that Web usability is important. / Science / M.Sc. (Informatyion Systems)