Understanding organizational behavior (OB) has profoundly influenced organizational performance and how people behave in organizations. Researchers have suggested various micro and macro organizational behaviors to be the impetus for high-performing organizations. Through a policy capturing approach this study builds on these findings by specifically examining the perceptions of micro and macro organizational behaviors in an organizational setting. The participants (n =181) completed a Micro and Macro Organizational Behavior Perceptions Questionnaire. Results showed perception differences exist between subordinates and supervisors. Additionally, participants perceived job satisfaction to be the most important micro organizational behavior, whereas organizational design was perceived to be the most important macro organizational behavior. However when comparing hierarchal positions in the organization, supervisors weighted leadership as the most important and subordinates weighted job satisfaction as the most important organizational behavior. While these findings only scratch the surface as to how organizational behavior is perceived, the implications challenge leaders to close the OB perception gap. Correspondingly, organizational behavior thinking may result in improving individual and organizational performance.

Title: Institutional structure of sport in the Czech republic Objectives: The main goal of this project is to evaluate current role of the Czech Sport Union and the Czech Olympic Commitee and their position in the structure of czech sport environment. The second goal is, on the basis of research, to suggest a new concept of the institutional structure of sport in the Czech republic and at the same time considering the importance of scientific and educational center. Methods: In this project, there was used a qualitative method of research - in-depth interview, which was completed by semi-structured questionnaire. As well as a method of text analysis was applied. Case study served as a certain source of secondary data too. Results: Recommendations and proposals for improvement of situation of the czech sport environment represent the main output. Transcriptions of in-depth interviews placed in appendix are considered as a significant results as well. This thesis is going to be submitted to all of respondents with the aspiration to inform the whole sport environment about current situation in the czech sport area. Key words: Roles of state, competences of COC a CSU, cooperation of sport environment, sport organizational structure, scientific and educational institute.

The thesis describes the problem of TNC administrative ordering, tax performance from the point of financial efficiency, administrative burdens and taxation. The research will be focused on the background development of TNC and its internal organizational structure. The research will involve analysis of TNC, strategies and goals aiming to lower tax burdens, to avoid overregulation and to focus on the most efficient administrative ordering. Several case studies of major world's transnational corporations will be considered in order to analyze the practical aspects of TNCs' activities related to tax optimization methods. The practical analysis will be based on the theoretical findings drawn from bibliographic sources available in public access.

O que motivou a realização desse trabalho foi a pouca relevância que os estudos econômicos, em geral, atribuem à capacidade das firmas de pequeno e médio porte de inovarem. Essas firmas representam a maior parte das empresas brasileiras e respondem por mais de dois terços das ocupações do setor privado (SEBRAE, 2012). Dessa forma, entender essa questão é de fundamental importância, pois a inovação pode incrementar a competitividade dessas empresas diante da concorrência no mercado nacional e internacional. Abordagens recentes da Economia das Organizações relacionam as inovações às estruturas organizacionais das firmas (BARBIERI; ÁLVARES, 2004; COOMBS; METCALFE, 2005; GRANDORI; FURNARI, 2008, 2010). Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar as combinações de estruturas de governança (interna e externa) que permitem maiores possibilidades de desenvolvimento das capacidades de inovação das pequenas firmas. Indo além da abordagem de Grandori e Furnari (2008, 2010), os quais mostram que existe uma relação entre as estruturas de governança interna e a capacidade de inovação das firmas, esta dissertação também incorpora o âmbito externo, na medida em que se admite que o processo de inovação envolva também interações entre as estruturas de governança externa à firma. Essas questões foram abordadas a partir da literatura da Nova Economia Institucional e testadas por meio de uma survey com 110 indústrias brasileiras de torrefação e moagem de café. Dois tipos de inovação foram investigados: i. produto; ii. método/processo. Para encontrar as combinações de elementos foi utilizada a Análise Comparativa Qualitativa (QCA) no software fs/QCA versão 2.0 (RAGIN, 2008). Tem-se como hipótese que a capacidade de inovar está mais presente em firmas que adotam um mix de estruturas de governança (interna e externa) do que as que apresentam estruturas singulares. Como resultado verificou-se que as estruturas de governança interna plurais, que combinam incentivos monetários, burocráticos e comunitários, apresentaram resultados mais consistentes para a inovação das pequenas firmas de torrefação. No que se refere às estruturas de governança externa, a principal estrutura apresentada foi a de mercado tanto do lado dos fornecedores quanto dos clientes. Essa estrutura singular não apresentou resultados significativos para as capacidades de inovação, corroborando com a hipótese apresentada. Observou-se ainda que a combinação entre as estruturas de governança interna e externa não é complementar, visto que para as firmas de torrefação inovadoras as estruturas de governança interna foram as que mais tiveram impacto. Esses resultados, ao permitirem identificar os requisitos organizacionais que produzem maiores possibilidades de inovação, podem ajudar a traçar ações de políticas públicas e privadas para as empresas brasileiras de modo a melhorar a sua taxa de inovação e a competitividade em seus mercados. / The motivation for this work is the lack of relevance generally ascribed by economic studies to the innovative ability of small and mid-sized firms. These firms represent the majority of Brazilian companies, accounting for over two thirds of employment in the private sector (SEBRAE, 2006). Understanding of this issue is important, because innovation can enhance their competitiveness in the global and domestic market. Also, recent approaches from the Economics of Organizations associate innovations with the organizational structures of firms (BARBIERI; ÁLVARES, 2004; COOMBS, METCALFE, 2005; GRANDORI, FURNARI, 2008, 2010). This work therefore aims to find the combinations of governance structures (internal and external) that allow the greatest scope for developing the innovation capacity of small firms. Going beyond Grandori and Furnari\'s approach (2008, 2010), which demonstrates that a relationship exists between internal governance structures and a firm\'s innovation capacity, this paper also incorporates the external framework insofar as it accepts that the innovation process also involves interactions between governance structures external to the firm. We draw on the literature of the New Institutional Economics to address these issues and test them through a survey of 110 Brazilian R&G coffee industries. Two types of innovation are investigated: i. product; ii. method/process. To determine the combinations of elements we used the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) software fs/QCA, version 2.0 (RAGIN, 2008). Our hypothesis is that the ability to innovate is more prevalent in firms that use a mix of governance structures (internal and external) than in those with a singular structure. As a result, it was found that plural internal governance structures, which combine monetary, bureaucratic, and community incentives, have more consistent innovation results for small roasting firms. With regards to external governance structures, the main structure presented--concerning both customers and suppliers--was the market. This unique structure did not show significant results for innovation capacity, supporting the present hypothesis. It was also observed that the combination of internal and external governance structures is not complementary, because for the innovative R&G firms the internal governance structures saw the greatest impact. In allowing the identification of the organizational requirements that create greater opportunities for innovation, these results can help chart the actions of public and private policies which enable Brazilian companies to improve their rate of innovation and competitiveness in their markets.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-06T13:05:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sabrina Rossi de Oliveira.pdf: 1451424 bytes, checksum: 7eb1361bce401f0935c9bc7cef5c6cff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-06T13:05:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sabrina Rossi de Oliveira.pdf: 1451424 bytes, checksum: 7eb1361bce401f0935c9bc7cef5c6cff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-29 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O paradigma econômico atual está intimamente associado à dinâmica do desenvolvimento tecnológico. Assim, as atividades de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) adquirem um papel preponderante nesse contexto, tanto para o desempenho das firmas quanto para o desenvolvimento macroeconômico de regiões e países. Uma estratégia cada vez mais comum adotada pelas empresas como forma de operacionalizar suas pesquisas é formar parcerias colaborativas com universidades e centros de pesquisas. Uma iniciativa que se insere nesse contexto é o acordo firmado pela UNISINOS e a HT Micron com vistas ao desenvolvimento de uma infraestrutura científico-tecnológica destinada ao encapsulamento de semicondutores. Entretanto, pelo fato de não possuir uma tradição científica nesse campo, um desafio que se impõe à essa universidade é o desenvolvimento de sua capacidade de absorção de conhecimentos relativos à essa tecnologia. Dessa forma, o objetivo central dessa dissertação é explicar o processo de desenvolvimento da capacidade absortiva por parte de uma universidade no contexto de um projeto colaborativo de cunho tecnológico. A pesquisa apoiase na linha teórica que defende que o processo de desenvolvimento da capacidade absortiva está atrelado, por um lado, à influência exercida pelos determinantes dessa capacidade e, por outro, ao tipo de conhecimento a ser adquirido. A estratégia de pesquisa utilizada foi o estudo de caso único e os dados foram obtidos qualitativamente através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e consulta a fontes secundárias. Os resultados fornecidos pelo trabalho sugerem que a capacidade absortiva da UNISINOS pode ser aperfeiçoada através de ações que influenciem a base inicial de conhecimento relacionada ao projeto, os recursos humanos ligados a esse conhecimento, a estrutura organizacional e as relações interorganizacionais que possam fomentar esse aprendizado. Também se concluiu que as etapas iniciais do projeto, as quais envolvem tecnologias prontas para serem utilizadas, exigem que as ações adotadas sejam pontuais, possibilitando um rápido acesso ao conhecimento externo. Já as fases posteriores, as quais incluem o desenvolvimento de novos conhecimentos, pedem medidas cujos resultados sejam gerados ao longo do tempo e, dessa forma, construam uma capacidade de absorção capaz de prover a universidade com conhecimentos mais elaborados. / The current economic paradigm is closely associated with the dynamics of technological development. Thus, the activities of P & D acquire a leading role in this context, both for the performance of firms, and to the macroeconomic development of regions and countries. An increasingly common strategy adopted by companies as a way to operationalize their research is to form collaborative partnerships with universities and research centers. An initiative that is within this context is the agreement signed by UNISINOS and HT Micron with a view of developing a scientific-technological infrastructure intended for semiconductor encapsulation. However, because of not having a scientific tradition in this field, a challenge imposed to this university is developing its capacity to absorb knowledge regarding this technology. Thus, the main objective of this thesis is to explain the process of the absorptive capacity development for a university in the context of a collaborative project of a technological nature. The research is based on the theoretical line which argues that the process of developing the absorptive capacity is linked to, on the one hand, the influence exerted by the determinants of this capacity and, on the other hand, the type of knowledge to be acquired. The research strategy used was a single case study where the data was obtained qualitatively through semi-structured interviews and secondary sources that were consulted. The results from the study suggest that the absorptive capacity of the UNISINOS can be improved through actions that influence the initial base of knowledge related to the project, the human resources linked to this knowledge, the organizational structure and inter-organizational relationships that can foster this learning. It also concluded that the initial stages of the project, which involving technologies ready to be used, require that the actions taken are timely, enabling quick access to external knowledge. Having the posterior phases, which include development of new knowledge, demand measures whose results are generated over time, and thus build an absorption capacity capable of providing the university with more elaborate knowledge.

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-06-12T19:19:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 praticas_contabeis.pdf: 9438974 bytes, checksum: 07398fb81afdc7c53ffa5cae2c52d21d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-12T19:19:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 praticas_contabeis.pdf: 9438974 bytes, checksum: 07398fb81afdc7c53ffa5cae2c52d21d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-24 / Nenhuma / O objetivo desta pesquisa é evidenciar as principais práticas contábeis e organizacionais praticadas pela gestão do Colégio Jesuíta Conceição, em São Leopoldo, RS, na segunda metade do século XIX. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, fez-se uma abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada em referências bibliográficas, documentais e orais. De acordo com historiadores, a Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos) é a terceira fase do antigo Colégio Conceição. O Colégio iniciou suas atividades em 1869, com apenas oito alunos, e as encerrou em 1912. Apesar de apenas 43 anos de existência, foram mais de 5.000 alunos formados por esta que se tornou uma das maiores instituições de ensino do Estado e do País, reconhecida até mesmo no exterior. A pesquisa demonstrou que a Instituição mantinha três livros contábeis, entre os quais o Livro de Conta Corrente dos Alunos, o Livro de Receitas e Despesas Detalhado e o Livro de Receitas e Despesas Resumido. A partir da análise desses documentos, também foi possível constatar que a instituição possuía um plano de contas com os seus respectivos códigos, base para os lançamentos nos livros contábeis. A partir desses registros, foi realizada a representação gráfica da situação financeira e suas transações econômicas no período de 1883 a 1887. Os dados contábeis obtidos foram analisados levando-se em conta também registros históricos do Colégio Conceição. Dessa forma, foi possível verificar a significância que todos esses fatos tiveram para a situação financeira do Colégio Conceição, suas dificuldades, seu crescimento e o investimento em grandes construções. Registre-se que nem todos os dados foram possíveis de ser analisados, devido à dificuldade no entendimento da grafia e também de tradução. Entre os resultados mais importantes, destacam-se: 1) não foi encontrado até esse momento da pesquisa um Balanço Patrimonial de acordo com o “método de partidas dobradas” e nem mesmo alguma referência do mesmo; 2) também se observou que até o momento não foi revelado nenhum levantamento patrimonial sistemático ou controle de custos; 3) no entanto, verificou-se que a utilização dos três livros controlava suas rendas e gastos de forma impecável e com exatidão nos seus registros. / The purpose of this research was to highlight the main accounting and organizational practices developed in the management of the Conceição Jesuit High School, in São Leopoldo, RS, in the second half of the nineteenth century. In order to achieve the proposed goals a qualitative approach was performed based on oral and documentary bibliographical references. According to historians, the Vale do Rio dos Sinos University (Unisinos) represents the third stage of the old Conceição High School. The institution began its activities in 1869 with only eight students and closed in 1912. Despite its 43 years of existence, there were more than 5.000 students graduated in this institute which has become one of the largest educational institutions in the state and country, recognized even abroad. The research showed that the institution kept three books, including the Book of student Current Account, the Book of Detailed Revenues and Expenses and the Book of Summarized Receipts and Expenditures. From the analysis of these documents, we could also see that the institution had a chart of accounts with their respective codes which represented a source for the entries in the accounting books. From these records, it was performed a graphical representation of the financial situation and its economic transactions in the period from 1883 to 1887. For the analysis of the accounting records we also took into account the historical records of the Conceição High School. Thus, it was possible to verify the significance of all these facts on the financial situation of the Conceição High School, its difficulties, its growth and the investment in large buildings. It is important to stress that it was not possible to analyze all data because of the difficulty in understanding not only the spelling but also the translation. Among the most important results, we emphasize: 1) up to the present, it was not found, in the scope of the research within the institution, a Balance Sheet which matches the Double-Entry Method and there was not even any mention to it; 2) up to now, there is no evidence of any systematic patrimony survey nor of any reference to the costs control; 3) however, we could verify a right and accurate control of its revenues and expenses shown by the records of the institution related to the use of these three books.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-10-23T14:33:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Vargas_.pdf: 699271 bytes, checksum: 8399743b1b3e02bf72ed6e89100442ef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-23T14:33:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Vargas_.pdf: 699271 bytes, checksum: 8399743b1b3e02bf72ed6e89100442ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-28 / Nenhuma / São crescentes os estudos sobre implementação da estratégia dada a sua importância para que a empresa alcance vantagem competitiva. Porém, existe a necessidade de se compreender com mais aprofundamento os requisitos para a implementação bem sucedida da estratégia no varejo. Há espaço na literatura no campo da estratégia de varejo para um melhor entendimento da relação entre estrutura, implementação e desempenho organizacional nesse setor. A literatura da área de estratégia apresenta diversos estudos que analisam a relação entre estrutura organizacional e implementação. Há contudo aspectos a se compreender nessa relação, um deles se refere às dimensões que podem moderar essa relação. Este estudo entra nessa discussão teórica, analisando a influência da estratégia de negócio e da incerteza ambiental moderando a relação entre estrutura organizacional e a implementação da estratégia. Além disso, este estudo se propõe a compreender como essas relações se manifestam no contexto do varejo de alimentação fora do lar. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa, através de uma survey do tipo corte-transversal, avalia empiricamente o efeito contingencial da estratégia de negócio na relação entre a estrutura organizacional e a implementação da estratégia de marketing. Para isso, foram considerados 171 questionários coletados junto a empresas de pequeno porte do setor varejista de alimentação fora do lar. Os resultados do levantamento demonstraram que a descentralização da estrutura organizacional influencia positivamente a implementação da estratégia, assim como, confirmou-se que a formalização influencia negativamente a implementação da estratégia. Além disso, os resultados encontrados indicaram que a estratégia de negócio modera a relação entre estrutura e implementação. / Studies on implementation of the strategy given its importance for the company to achieve competitive advantage are increasing. However, there is a need to understand with more depth the requirements for the successful implementation of the strategy in retail. There is room in the literature in the field of retail strategy to better understand the relationship between structure, implementation, and organizational performance in this sector. The literature of the strategy area features several studies that examine the relationship between organizational structure and implementation. There are however ways to understand this relationship, one refers to dimensions that can moderate this relationship. This study goes into this theoretical discussion, analyzing the influence of business strategy and environmental uncertainty moderating the relationship between organizational structure and strategy implementation. In addition, this study aims to understand how these relations are manifested in the power retail environment outside the home. In this sense, this research through a survey of the cut cross-sectional empirically evaluates the contingent effect of business strategy on the relationship between organizational structure and implementation of the marketing strategy. For this, they considered 171 questionnaires collected from small businesses in the retail sector of food outside the home. The survey results showed that the decentralization of the organizational structure positively influence the implementation of the strategy, as it was confirmed that the formalization negatively influences the implementation of the strategy. Furthermore, the results indicate that the business strategy moderates the relationship between structure and implementation.

Det finns en djupt rotad allmän uppfattning om att de nya kunskapsintensiva företagen är föredömliga vad det gäller struktur samt hur man styr och kontrollerar förhållanden inom organisationen. Åsikten tycks vara att medarbetaren inom kunskapsintensiva företag får en betydligt mer framträdande roll och stor beslutsmakt över sina egna arbetsvillkor.Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur två företag inom konsultbranschen är uppbyggda rent strukturellt och hur dessa organisationer styrs. Det ska utmynna i en jämförelse mellan verksamheterna. Studien är baserad på företagen Deloitte och PricewaterhouseCooper (PwC) som är två ledande företag i konsultbranschen.Den teoretiska referensramen presenterar bland annat litteratur inom organisationshierarki och organisationskultur där en rad författare resonerar kring sin syn på struktur och styrning. Alvesson i sin tur återger istället ingående beskrivningar på begreppet kunskapsintensiva företag. Studien har utförts utifrån ett kvalitativt angreppssätt där empirin har samlats in genom personliga intervjuer med kontorscheferna på de båda företagen.Den empiriska datan som samlades in har sedan analyserats i jakten på att finna likheter och skillnader mellan fallföretagen. Analysen genomfördes också för att få en klarare bild av vilka teorier som fortfarande är relevanta i ett samhälle och en bransch som präglas av ständig rörelse och utveckling.De slutsatser som vi har kommit fram till är att styrningen inom PwC och Deloitte sker med ungefär samma verktyg, men att det ändå finns en del intressanta olikheter som skiljer de båda företagen åt. Vad det gäller strukturen fann vi även där en del olikheter som dock var skarpare ”på pappret” än i praktiken.

今日我們探討博物館的經營管理，不僅應考慮各種影響其運作的外在因素，如社會、文化、制度等生態性的變遷，更應深入分析博物館本身實際運作的基礎－亦即「組織結構」之優劣。博物館的組織結構是否健全、人員編制是否得當以及運作方式是否有效，攸關博物館的功能是否得以完全發揮。組織是博物館的軀體，亦是其運作的基礎，唯有健全的組織結構，才能使博物館有效運作，達成經營目標。簡言之，經由博物館組織結構的探究，博物館將可對本身的功能、資源的分配及管理做深入與多種層面的瞭解，進而提出改革的方案，成為博物館順利發展的契機。 本研究以「藝術博物館」作為研究對象，探討目前國內公立藝術博物館組織結構以及組織中工作內涵、人員編制與運作概況。首先，經由相關文獻的蒐集與彙整，釐清藝術博物館組織功能發揮與組織結構發展之關係；其次，透過具體資料的分析，瞭解國內公立藝術博物館組織結構演進與變遷以及組織運作現況，並歸納出我國公立藝術博物館組織結構的特色。最後，探究現今國內公立藝術博物館組織所面臨的重要課題，並提出相關建議，供我國藝術博物館未來規劃組織結構之際，作為參酌。 / The Organizational Structure of Art Museums of the Republic of China The factors influencing the management of museums include social,cultural levels. But the most important factor is the organizationalstructure. The reason is that the design of organizational structureof a museum is the basic operation. This study focuses the organizational structure of art museums. We discuss the job, staff and operation of art museums. Then we analysis the relationships between the structure and functions ofart museum. At last, we try to find some problems of the operation of artmuseums and suggest how to solve them.

Historically, leadership research has focused on managers’ characteristics and behavior, their leadership style and its implications for a business’s success. In contrast, this dissertation examines how working conditions in the workplace affect first-level managers’ everyday work, their possibilities to practice leadership, and consequently their leadership style. The theoretical framework guiding the dissertation is a gender analysis with a doing gender perspective and the methodology is a case study. Two workplace organizations in a Swedish municipality are studied: a male-dominated manufacturing industry and a female-dominated elderly care service. The empirical materials consist of twenty-six semi-structured interviews, primarily with male and female first-level managers, but also with their immediate supervisors. In addition, the materials include a questionnaire and organizational documents. The results show that organizational structure and culture have implications for managers’ working conditions and consequently the leadership style they are willing and able to implement. The sex ratio among employees did not have any implications for which type of leadership informants described in their everyday practices. The ideal leadership and the everyday leadership practices portrayed by informants entail being explicit, controlling and rational managers who are able to make decisions and carry forth extensive structural changes. Their narratives reveal an authoritarian and task-oriented leadership style that has its roots in early industrialism. Leadership is strongly marked by masculinity, and even though women and men describe practicing the same type of leadership in their everyday work, their ideas about gender depict two complete opposites in which women and femininity is subordinated to men and masculinity. This indicates a divergence between the gender we think and the gender we do. Nonetheless, sex ratio among employees has implications for the level of sexism. While informants in both workplace organizations described gender discrimination, only those in the manufacturing industry described experiencing sexual harassment.