O presente estudo avaliou a influência das concentrações de ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNE Alto vs. Baixo) no dia 44±3 pós-parto, e dos dias pós-parto nas concentrações de metabólitos (ǰ-hidroxibutirato e glicose) e na qualidade oocitária e produção in vitro de embriões de vacas Holandesas no início da lactação (até 90 dias pós-parto). O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Santa Rita (Agrindus S/A) localizada no município de Descalvado SP. A partir da data do parto foram selecionadas 30 vacas Holandesas para serem aspiradas a cada 14 dias em cinco diferentes momentos no início da lactação (30±3, 44±3, 58±3, 72±3 e 86±3 dias pós-parto). No momento da aspiração folicular (OPU), foram realizadas as colheitas de sangue para dosagem dos metabólitos, a avaliação do escore de condição corporal (ECC) e a contagem dos folículos visualizados. Os procedimentos de produção in vitro de embriões (maturação, fertilização e cultivo) foram realizados no laboratório da Bioembryo, localizado no município de Bauru - SP. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo procedimento GLM do SAS. Não se observou efeito de tratamento (Alto AGNE = 0,45 vs. Baixo AGNE = 0,52 mmol/L; P=0,20) e de tempo (30±3 = 0,54; 44±3 = 0,43; 58±3 = 0,43; 72±3 = 0,52 e 86±3 = 0,51 mmol/L; P=0,11) para as concentrações de β-hidroxibutirato. Para as concentrações de glicose não se verificou efeito do tratamento (Alto AGNE = 61,1 vs. Baixo AGNE = 63,6 mg/dL; P=0,26). No entanto, observou-se efeito de tempo para as concentrações de glicose (30±3 = 60,1; 44±3 = 63,0; 58±3 = 63,5; 72±3 = 62,1 e 86±3 = 63,0 mg/dL; P=0,03). O tratamento (Alto vs. Baixo AGNE) não influenciou a quantidade de folículos recrutados (P=0,36), oócitos totais recuperados (P=0,28) e oócitos viáveis (P=0,25). Assim como o tempo não alterou a quantidade de folículos recrutados (P=0,87), oócitos totais recuperados (P=0,42) e oócitos viáveis (P=0,44). A quantidade de oócitos grau I não foi influenciada pelo tratamento (Alto vs. Baixo AGNE; P=0,14). Porém, os dias pós-parto reduziram a sua quantidade (P=0,05). A quantidade de oócitos clivados por vaca aspirada (P=0,45) e a taxa de clivagem (P=0,95) não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas conforme as concentrações de AGNE (Alto vs. Baixo) no dia 44 pós-parto. Os dias pós-parto também não alteraram a quantidade de oócitos clivados por vaca aspirada (P=0,31) e a taxa de clivagem (P=0,80). Para a produção in vitro de embriões, a quantidade de blastocisto por vaca aspirada conforme as concentrações de AGNE (Alto = 0,4 vs. Baixo = 1,2; P=0,37) e os dias pós-parto (30±3 = 0,4; 44±3 = 0,7; 58±3 = 0,8; 72±3 = 0,9 e 86±3 = 1,2; P=0,39) não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas. Assim como, a taxa de blastocisto para os animais dos grupos (Alto AGNE = 6,2% vs. Baixo AGNE = 11,6%; P=0,51) e para os diferentes momentos pós-parto (30±3 = 4,8%; 44±3 = 8,9%; 58±3 = 10,7%; 72±3 = 10,0% e 86±3 = 12,8%; P=0,41). Conclui-se que a maior concentração de AGNE no dia 44 pós-parto em vacas Holandesas não influenciou as concentrações de β-hidroxibutirato e de glicose, assim como a qualidade e a produção in vitro de embriões. No entanto, o aumento dos dias pós-parto incrementou as concentrações de glicose e reduziu a quantidade de oócitos grau I de vacas holandesas submetidas à OPU/PIV até 90 dias após o parto. / The present study evaluated the influence of the days postpartum and the concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA - High vs. Low) on concentrations of metabolites (β-hydroxybutyrate and glucose), oocyte quality and in vitro embryo production of Holstein cows during early lactation (90 days postpartum). The experiment was carried out in a commercial dairy farm (Santa Rita - Agrindus S/A), located at Descalvado - SP. At the calving moment, 30 Holstein cows were selected to be submitted to ovum pick-up (OPU) procedures each 14 days, in 5 different moments during the early lactation (30 ± 3, 44 ± 3, 58 ± 3, 72 ± 3 and 86 ± 3 days postpartum). Previously to the OPU session blood samples were collected for metabolite assay, body condition score (BCS) was recorded and the number of follicles able to be aspirated was also registered. The High and Low concentration of NEFA were stablished with the samples of day 44 ± 3 postpartum. The laboratory procedures for in vitro embryo production (in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture) were performed in the same laboratory (Bioembryo, Bauru - SP). Statistical analysis was performed by the GLM procedure of SAS. No effect was observed for different NEFA concentrations (High NEFA = 0.45 vs. Low NEFA = 0.52 mmol / L, P = 0.20), nor for days postpartum (30±3 = 0.54; 44±3 = 0.43; 58±3 = 0.43; 72±3 = 0.52 e 86±3 = 0.51 mmol/L; P=0.11) on β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. Considering glucose concentrations there was no treatment effect (High NEFA = 61.1 vs. Low NEFA = 63.6 mg / dL, P = 0.26). However, the glucose concentrations were influenced by days postpartum (30±3 = 60.1; 44±3 = 63.0; 58±3 = 63.5; 72±3 = 62.1 e 86±3 = 63.0 mg/dL; P=0.03). Treatment (High vs. Low NEFA) did not impact the number of recruited follicles (P = 0.36), total oocytes recovered (P = 0.28) and viable oocytes (P = .25). As well as, time did not alter the amount of recruited follicles (P = 0.87), total oocytes recovered (P = 0.42) and viable oocytes (P = .44). The amount of grade I oocytes was not influenced by treatment (High NEFA vs. Low NEFA, P = 0.14). However, days postpartum reduced the quantity of grade I oocytes (P = 0.05). Also, no treatment effect (High and Low NEFA) was observed for number of cleaved oocytes per OPU session (P = 0.45) and cleavage rate (P = 0.95). In the same way, days postpartum had no influence in the amount of cleaved oocytes per OPU session (P = 0.31) and cleavage rate (P = 0.80). In addition, for the in vitro embryo production, the NEFA concentrations (High NEFA = 0.4 vs. Low NEFA = 1.2, P = 0.37) and days postpartum (30±3 = 0.4; 44±3 = 0.7; 58±3 = 0.8; 72±3 = 0.9 e 86±3 = 1.2; P=0.39) did not affect the number of blastocysts per OPU session. Also, the blastocyst rate was not influenced by treatment (High NEFA = 6.2% vs. Low NEFA = 11.6%, P = 0.51) and days postpartum (30±3 = 4.8%; 44±3 = 8.9%; 58±3 = 10.7%; 72±3 = 10.0% e 86±3 = 12.8%; P=0.41). It was concluded that high concentration of NEFA on day 44 postpartum in Holstein cows did not alter the concentrations of β- hydroxybutyrate and glucose, as well as, the oocyte quality and in vitro embryo production. However, the increase in days postpartum elevated the glucose concentrations and decreased the number of grade I oocytes of Holstein cows submitted to OPU and in vitro embryo production up to 90 days postpartum.

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Vissa aktiviteter i logistiken eller industrin brukade vara icke-värdeskapande därför försökte verksamheten dra ner på dessa aktiviteter och hittade en lösning för att det skulle bli mer effektivt och lönsamt. Det förekom alltid slöserier i en verksamhet därför var det viktigt med att ständigt kunna förbättra sin verksamhet för att dessa slöserier som kunde uppstå i verksamheten sänkas och utvecklas. Syftet med detta arbete var att identifiera hur den internamaterialhanteringen kunde effektiveras.  Denna studie har utförts teoretiskt där det har blivit baserat på en intervju med ett företag. Intervjun skedde på ett semistrukturerad sätt för att kunna få en större möjlighet till att ställa följdfrågor för att förstå ämnet ordentligt. Data som har samlats in i denna studie har varit kvalitativ. Teori har samlats in för att därefter kunna koppla det med den empiriska data. Den teoretiska teorin har blivit inhämtat från olika böcker samt Mälardalens Högskola bibliotek.  Företag A är ett stort företag där det finns minst 15 000 unika artiklar i logistiken. Denna logistik i Företag A motsvarar ungefär 17 fotbollsplaner, vilket är väldigt stort. I detta företag är leveransfelen väldigt låga, 0,1%-0,2% men detta betyder inte att företag A inte har slöserier i företaget och har ett optimerat sätt att hantera materialen i logistiken. Det används idag ”pick-by voice” för att plocka materialen. Exploatören beräknar den totala mängden av en artikel som ska plockas för alla beställningar och därefter ska dessa artiklar samlas i en station för att sorteras i pallarna. Tidigare har företag A implementera automatiserade robotar men det blev misslyckat.  Slutsatsen av denna studie var att det föreslogs att använda sig av en kombination av olikatekniker, AR och ”pick to light” för att det skulle bli mer effektivt. Med detta system blev det mindre avvikelser för att tiden reducerades för artikelplockning. Orsaksträdet var det som företaget använde sig av där fem varför tillämpades. Detta implementeras av alla för att få flera förklaringar till problemet. 10 principer för materialhanteringen användes även för att det ska bli ännu mer effektivt i företaget.

Detta examensarbete utfördes inom högskoleingenjörsprogrammet i maskinteknik påKarlstads universitet. Projektet var i samarbete med PLS Produkter AB i Skövde där omställningen på en maskin med namnet Tretapparen analyserades. Maskinen klassas somen multitasking maskin där syftet är tappning av olika typer av flaskor. Problemet är att detsker omställningar ofta då maskinen är flexibel och kan producera många olika typer avprodukter. Omställningarna sker då en ny produkttyp ska tillverkas och är väldigttidskrävande då nya inställningar på maskinen behöver göras. Maskinen och verktygenbehöver dessutom rengöras noga för att inte kontaminera nästa batch. Examensarbetets syfteär att effektivisera omställningen genom att tydliggöra omställningstiderna för maskinensolika moment och bidra med kultur- och kunskapsbyggande till företaget. Målet är att hittamöjliga lösningar som minskar ställtiden på de moment som tar längst tid att ställa om ochdär det kan antas finnas förbättringsmöjligheter. Därmed kan flödet på maskinen förbättras iden mån att antalet tillverkade produkter ökar. Förbättringsarbetet började med förstudier, intervjuer, datainsamlingar och att analyseravideos. All viktig information sammanställdes i en A3-modell där SMED var grunden förstrategierna som gjordes för att ställtidsreducera. Resultatet innebär en konvertering från intern till extern ställtid för varje moment var för sigefter respektive färdig omställning, 26 förbättringsförslag och en ny ordning föromställningsarbetet som tillsammans effektiviserar, standardiserar och planerar upp omställningsprocessen. Efter förändringen minskade omställningstiden med totalt 30%, vilket leder till att flödet påmaskinen förbättras då maskinen kan producera ungefär 217 produkter mer än i dagsläget. Islutet av arbetet gjordes en avrapportering till företaget där samtliga produktionsteam varnärvarande. / This degree project was carried out within the university engineering program in mechanicalengineering at Karlstad University. The project was in collaboration with PLS Produkter AB in Skövde, where the conversion on a machine called Tretapparen was analyzed. The machineis classified as a multitasking machine where the purpose is bottling different types of bottles.The problem is that there are changes often as the machine is flexible and can produce manydifferent types of products. The adjustments take place when a new product type is to bemanufactured and are very time-consuming as new settings on the machine need to be made.The machine and tools also need to be cleaned thoroughly so they do not contaminate thenext batch. The purpose of the degree project is to streamline the adjustment by clarifying theadjustment times for the machine's various steps and contributing cultural and knowledgebuilding to the company. The goal is to find possible solutions that reduce the set-up time onthe steps that take the longest time to adjust and where it can be assumed that there areopportunities for improvement. Thus, the flow on the machine can be improved to the extentthat the number of manufactured products increases. The improvement work began with feasibility studies, interviews, data collection andanalyzing videos. All important information was compiled in an A3-model where SMED wasthe basis for the strategies made to reduce downtime. The result implies conversion from internal to external set-up time for each step separatelyafter each completed conversion, 26 improvement proposals and a new arrangement for theconversion work that together streamlines, standardizes and plans the conversion process. After these changes, the adjustment time decreased by a total of 30%, which leads to animprovement in the flow on the machine as the machine can produce approximately 217products more than at present. At the end of the work, a report was made to the companywhere all production teams were present.

La presente investigación titulada “El Proceso de selección y reclutamiento de personal y su impacto en la Tasa de Rotación de Personal en el Ministerio Público del Distrito Fiscal de Lima Sur durante los años 2015-2018” tiene por objetivo revisar el proceso de selección y reclutamiento de personal y proponer mejoras que impacten en la disminución de tasas de rotación en el Ministerio Público del Distrito Fiscal de Lima Sur. Para lograr dicho cometido se ha planteado una investigación de enfoque cualitativo, el cual se avocó al análisis y estudio de la entrevista realizada a experto, encuesta a los servidores y ex servidores de la institución que evidencien el modo en que se procede la selección y reclutamiento de personal en el Ministerio Público del Distrito Fiscal de Lima Sur. Además se ha analizado y estudiado el proceso de selección y reclutamiento de diversas organizaciones públicas y de empresas privadas cuyas buenas prácticas podrían coadyuvar en mejorar el proceso de reclutamiento y selección en el Ministerio Público de Lima Sur. Luego del cual, se presentan propuestas y recomendaciones a fin de que el Ministerio Público implementen mejoras en su sistema de selección y reclutamiento y logre un impacto positivo disminuyendo la tasa de rotación de personal en lo que respecta a renuncias. / The purpose of this investigation, entitled "The Improvement in the Personnel Selection and Recruitment Process and its Impact on the Personnel Rotation Rate in the Public Prosecutor's Office of the Fiscal District of Lima Sur during the years 2015-2018" aims to review the process of selection and recruitment of personnel and propose improvements that impact the reduction of turnover rates in the Public Prosecutor's Office of the Fiscal District of Lima Sur. In order to achieve this task, a qualitative approach research has been proposed, which focused on the analysis and study of the survey carried out on an expert, on the servers and former servers of the institution that demonstrate the way in which the selection and recruitment of staff in the Public Ministry of the Fiscal District of Lima Sur. In addition, the selection and recruitment process of various public organizations and a private company has been analyzed and studied. Their good practices could help improve the recruitment and selection process in the Public Prosecutor's Office in Lima Sur. After which, proposals and recommendations are presented in order for the Public Ministry to implement improvements in its selection and recruitment system and achieve a positive impact by reducing the rate of staff turnover in terms of resignations. / Tesis

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No description available.

La maladie de Niemann-Pick type C (NP-C) est une maladie autosomal récessive rare neurodégénérative, pan-ethnique et avec variabilité phénotypique. La forme classique se trouve chez les patients juvéniles, mais des patients de tous les âges existent. Les symptômes incluent des signes viscéraux, moteurs et neurologiques. La maladie est causée par une mutation dans le gène NPC1 ou NPC2. La prévalence mondiale se trouve à environ un cas par 100 000 naissances, mais varie beaucoup selon les populations. Pour cette raison, nous avons voulu identifier et classifier des variants qui se trouve dans la population québécoise pour faire une estimation de la prévalence de NP-C au Québec. Nous croyons que cette maladie neurodégénérative est sous-diagnostiquée. Pour identifier le pool génétique de la population québécoise, nous avons utilisé une approche bio-informatique. À l’aide des données de séquençage des 1109 participants sains de la cohorte CARTaGENE, nous avons identifié des variants rares, ayant des fréquences alléliques inférieures à 1%, dans les gènes NPC1 et NPC2. Les données de séquençage de l’ARN et d’exome ont été alignées, les variants ont été détectés et annotés avec différents scores de pathogénicité. Les variants ont ensuite été classifiés à l’aide des lignes directrices de l’ACMG. À l’aide de notre pipeline bio-informatique, nous avons identifié 37 variants rares. Parmi ces variants, un, p.I1061T, a été classifié comme pathogénique comme il l’est dans d’autres bases de données et un, p.P543L, initialement classifié comme potentiellement pathogénique a été classifié comme pathogénique dans notre population. Le variant p.P543L est d’ailleurs possiblement une mutation fondatrice chez les Canadiens-Français. La prévalence mesurée à l’aide des fréquences alléliques de ces deux variants est de 0,61 cas par 100 000 naissances. Cette étude a permis d’identifier deux variants pathogéniques dans une population saine, c’est-à dire sans maladie neurodégénérative connue. Nous avons ensuite pu estimer pour la première fois la prévalence minimale de NP-C au Québec. Les résultats suggèrent que NP-C est sous-diagnostiquée dans notre population. Avec ces informations, les méthodes de diagnostic pourront être ajustées pour accélérer la détection de NP-C au Québec et ainsi aider les patients en donnant accès au traitement disponible pour réduire les symptômes neurologiques. / Niemann-Pick type C disease (NP-C) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative, pan-ethnic disease with heterogenous symptoms. The classical form mainly affects juvenile patients, but patients of varying ages exist. The main symptoms are visceral, motor and neurological. The disease is caused by mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 gene. The worldwide prevalence is approximately one case per 100 000 births but varies between populations. Therefore, we wanted to identify and classify rare variants found in Quebec’s population to estimate the prevalence of NP-C in this population. We hypothesized that NP-C is under-diagnosed in Quebec. To determine the genetic pool of NP-C in Quebec’s population, we used a bioinformatics pipeline. With the sequencing data of 1109 healthy individuals of the CARTaGENE cohort, we identified rare variants, with a minor allele frequency inferior to 1%, in the NPC1 and NPC2 genes. The sequencing data from RNA and exome sequencing was aligned and the variants were found and annotated with different pathogenicity scores. The variants were then classified using the ACMG guidelines. Using our bioinformatics pipeline, we identified a total of 37 rare variants. In those variants, one, p.I1061T, was directly classified as pathogenic since it was classified as that in all databases. The other one, p.P543L, was initially classified as likely pathogenic, but we were able to reclassify it as pathogenic in our population. The p.P543L variant is possibly a founder mutation in the French-Canadian population. Next, we estimated the prevalence based on the allelic frequencies of those two variants in our cohort. We found a prevalence of 0,61 case per 100 000 births. This study allowed us to identify two pathogenic variants in a healthy population, without known neurodegenerative disease. We were also able to estimate the first ever minimal prevalence for NP-C in Quebec. Our results suggests that NP-C is underdiagnosed in our population. With the information collected here, we would be able to adjust the diagnostic methods of NP-C in Quebec to then be able to help the patients by giving them access to the available treatment to reduce neurological symptoms.

Asphalt and concrete reclamation machines are used to cut roadways when a repair is required. The performance of these machines can affect the quality of road repairs, and cost/profitability for both contractors and governments. We believe that several performance characteristics in reclamation machines are governed by the placement and pattern of cutting picks on the cutter head. Previous studies, focused on mining and excavation applications, have shown strong correlation between placement and wear. The following study employs a screening experiment (observational study) to find significant contributors to tool wear, in applications of asphalt milling or reclamation. We have found that picks fail by two primary modes: tip breakage, and body abrasive wear. Results indicate that the circumferential spacing of a bit, relative to neighboring bits, has the strongest effect on tip breakage. We have also shown that bit skew angle has a large positive effect on body abrasive wear.

Thesis (M.Tech.: Marketing)-Dept. of Marketing, Durban University of Technology, 2006 xiii, 140 leaves / Retailing in South Africa is one of the most challenging and competitive sectors. The South African retail business environment is seemingly becoming tough and uncertain, with intense competition from both domestic and international companies. South Africa has a varied and fascinating retailing landscape. A feature that retailers need to understand is the different demographics of the South African population and consumers from different races; this resulted in inadequate shopping facilities in the black townships and an oversupply in the traditionally white areas. Gaining access to new markets in South Africa is one of the challenges facing the retail sector. The purpose of this study is to evaluate customer service at Pick’ n Pay stores in selected shopping malls within the greater Durban area. It examines the opinions and perceptions of customers from selected shopping centres.