O sistema de execução forçada é o instrumento previsto no Código de Processo Civil Brasileiro destinado a satisfazer o credor de obrigações pecuniárias contidas em sentenças ou em títulos executivos extrajudiciais. Trata-se de sistema cujo bom funcionamento não só interessa às partes de um litígio, mas a toda sociedade, em função de suas importantes repercussões sociais e econômicas. Por meio da execução forçada o Juiz invade o patrimônio do devedor, independentemente da vontade deste, e expropria bens em benefício do credor. Para o adequado funcionamento da execução forçada é essencial que o ato processual de penhora de bens do devedor seja efetivo. A penhora consiste em apreender e afetar juridicamente bens do devedor, os quais ficam vinculados ao Juízo da execução até o momento próprio de realização da expropriação dos bens. A penhora é ato processual que incide sobre a realidade econômica e social e padece de suas contingências. O objetivo desta dissertação de Mestrado é investigar a relação entre o ato de penhora e seu objeto, a partir da premissa de que o método ou a forma de apreensão judicial deve estar plenamente adaptado aos atributos sociais, jurídicos e econômicos do bem que se pretende apreender. Nesse contexto, será investigado o regime da penhora do Código de Processo Civil Brasileiro, bem como serão estudados os tipos de penhora de bens de significação econômica mais importante na realidade atual. / The system of forced execution is the instrument set forth in the Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure destined to satisfy the creditor of pecuniary obligations contained in judgments or in extrajudicial execution instruments. It is a system, the good functioning of which is of interest not only to the parties in a litigation, but also to society as a whole, in view of its important social and economic repercussions. The Judge, by means of the forced execution, invades the debtors assets, irrespective of the will of the latter, and expropriates assets to the benefit of the creditor. For the proper functioning of the forced execution, it is essential that the procedural act of levy of the debtors assets be effective. The levy consists of seizing and legally affecting the debtors assets, which become bound to the Court of the execution until the specific time of performance of the expropriation of the assets. The levy is a procedural act which applies to economic and social reality, and lacks its contingencies. The objective of this Masters dissertation is to investigate the relationship between the act of levy and its object, starting from the premise that the method or the form of judicial seizure must be fully adapted to the social, juridical and economic attributes of the asset which is intended to be seized. In this context, the regime of levy in the Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure will be investigated, as well studying the types of levy of assets of the most important economic significance in the current reality.

No início do presente trabalho, foi elaborado um histórico do Supremo Tribunal Federal e do recurso extraordinário, além de se traçar alguns aspectos sobre o papel da Corte na atualidade, resultado das mudanças sociais aspiradas pela Constituição de 1988 e de recentes reformas legislativas. Se, por um lado, o constituinte originário pretendeu ampliar o acesso à Justiça, não menos verdade é que a realidade acabou por demonstrar a insuficiência do modelo então vigente para dar respostas adequadas e céleres aos jurisdicionados. O Poder Judiciário brasileiro carece de importantes reformas procedimentais, com o objetivo de atribuir maior eficácia às decisões dos Tribunais Superiores, e, assim, desestimular a interposição de recursos a respeito de questões já sedimentadas. Neste contexto foi que se introduziram os institutos da súmula vinculante e da repercussão geral das questões constitucionais, este último como requisito de admissibilidade do recurso extraordinário. Ao longo do segundo capítulo, houve a apresentação dos institutos antecedentes da repercussão geral (introduzida pela Emenda Constitucional nº 45/2004), como a arguição de relevância vigente sob a Constituição de 1967, a transcendência do direito trabalhista (artigo 896-A da CLT), o certiorari do direito norte-americano e a ofensa federal relevante do direito argentino, além de outras experiências do direito estrangeiro. Detendo-se acerca da repercussão geral, no terceiro capítulo foram identificados alguns critérios adotados pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal nos julgamentos até o momento realizados, além de esclarecidas algumas noções fundamentais, como a natureza do provimento jurisdicional dele decorrente. No quarto e quinto capítulos foram apresentadas as principais questões procedimentais a respeito do exame da repercussão geral. Relativamente ao julgamento de recursos múltiplos previsto no artigo 543-B, §§ 3º e 4º, do CPC, também se estudou em que medida estará o Tribunal de origem vinculado à decisão a ser proferida pelo STF. Por fim, verificou-se se tais normas estão em harmonia com o sistema processual vigente, notadamente em relação aos princípios e garantias processuais presentes na Constituição da República de 1988. / The beginning of this work presents a background of the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court and the extraordinary appeal. It also presents an outline of the Court\'s current role, which is a result of the social changes aimed by the 1988 Brazilian Constitution and by recent legislative reforms. The original constituent primarily intended to expand the access to justice, but reality revealed that the operative model at the time was insufficient to respond swiftly and adequately to those under it jurisdiction. Brazilian Judiciary needs important procedural reforms in order to bring effectiveness to the decisions of the Supreme Courts and consequently discourage appeals against settled questions. The binding precedent and the general repercussion on constitutional subjects the latter being the admissibility requirement of the extraordinary appeal were introduced in this context. Through the second chapter, there is the presentation of the institutes previous to the general repercussion (introduced by the Constitutional Amendment 45/2004), such as the allegation of relevance operative on the 1967 Constitution, the labor law transcendence (article 896-A of the Brazilian Labor Code), the certiorari from the North-American Law system and the relevant federal offense from the Argentinian Law system, among other experiences from foreign Law systems. With regard to the general repercussion, the third chapter identifies some criteria adopted by the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court on its trials up to the present and sets forth some fundamental notions, such as the nature of the jurisdictional provision. The fourth and fifth chapters present the main procedural issues regarding the analysis of the general repercussion. They also study to what extent the court of origin is bound by the decision delivered by the Federal Supreme Court regarding multiple appeal judgments, as established by article 543-B, sections 3rd and 4th of the Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure. Finally, this work verifies whether such norms are in harmony with the current procedural system, notably regarding procedural principles and safeguards from the 1988 Brazilian Constitution.

This dissertation purports to set out the requirements for locus standi in terms of section 38 of the Constitution, specifically when it comes to procuring standing in matters brought by way of a class action. In order to answer the question it is also necessary to look at the need for a class action procedure in the South African civil procedural law as this explains the courts' expansive approach in granting members and representatives standing before a court, specifically in cases where the common law traditional rules of standing and joinder would not suffice. Locus standi is concerned with the capability of an entity to be a participant in a matter before a court of law, having due regard to the applicability of the point in issue to the person of the litigant and its faculty to litigate. In accordance with common law prescriptions, locus standi of prospective litigants to obtain legal relief only accrues to those that have personally suffered harm or would suffer harm through the violation or threatened violation of their legally enforceable rights. In contrast to the above the procedural measures contained in section 38 of the Final Constitution of 1996 allow for representative actions to be brought on behalf of adversely affected parties where the dominus litis is not necessarily the violated party as well as the recipient of the fruits of successful adjudication. Sections 38(c) and (d) of the Final Constitution of 1996 established inter alia class actions and public interest litigation by expanding the common law mandated categories of persons capable of instituting legal proceedings. This dissertation researched the need for a procedural device such as the class action in a specific South African milieu characterised by inopportune social and economic circumstances. The class action is specifically engineered to accommodate large numbers of affected parties that do not need to be joined in a traditional manner. Judicial recognition of the benefits of the class action from a South African point of view must necessarily take into account the social and economic circumstances of the members in whose favour the procedure are implemented. Apart from the procedural advantages, this particular process provides for a diminishing effect of factors such as low income, lack of legal knowledge, lack of funds for legal assistance and nominal pecuniary claims that prevent litigants from vindicating their rights and approaching the courts single handed. The requirements for locus standi under the constitutional dispensation, with specific reference to the generous judicial approach to matters, specifically where fundamental rights are violated or threatened, were examined. It is submitted that these requirements will be of assistance when the citation of the parties is to be drafted. In order to institute action in terms of one or more subsections, a prospective litigant need to show that a right enshrined in the Bill of Rights have been encroached upon as well as sufficient interest in the relief sought. Some aspects related to locus standi but not necessary for procurement of standing were researched in order to contextualise the setting for the use of section 38 procedural measures. There are currently no formal requirements that litigating class or group members have to comply with. The lack of statutory regulatory sources has forced South African courts with inherent jurisdiction to create guidelines regarding the practical aspects of class action litigation. Unfortunately the judicial intervention in creating practical directives for prospective and current litigants to follow has not occurred without mishap. Even though the question of whether the class action procedure is the suitable method to adjudicate the matter does not have a direct bearing on the standing of a party, it is an important aspect to consider when one evaluated possible courses of action. The correct procedure is invaluable when the court is asked to grant parties leave to litigate in accordance with the class action procedure. From a procedural point of view, the court must assist in directing parties as to the preferred manner to proceed with the matter. It was found that the courts have mistakenly held that compliance with certain unique procedures specific to class actions is necessary in order to procure locus standi. Even though an extended application of section 38(c) is favoured, any consideration thereof must take the express introduction by way of legislation into account that sets out the practical aspects of this mechanism. In the socio–economic state of affairs currently prevailing in South Africa, the high costs of legal assistance, countered with the complexity of procuring state provided legal aid, deters many a plaintiff to obtain civil justice. In this respect it can be said that the adjudicative approach of group action proceedings should accommodate a contextualized social setting. The goal is ultimately to expound a device suited and shaped to accommodate both the legal and extra–curial settings of South Africa. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Procedural Law / unrestricted

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_roberto_ gouveia.pdf: 881229 bytes, checksum: 633988f94fe3cd42f1415dec344a663e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-06 / The general theory of Law is an universal legal science, which studies the fundamental legal concepts. This theory helps to find the main premise of this dissertation: the concept of legal situation. This legal situation permits divisions. One of those is relevant to us: the simple legal situations. The most important of it the legal capacity is the generic suitability given by the legal planning for a fact person to name some legal situation and, this way, be character of Law. All the existing capacities in the legal scenario, comes from a matrix capacity (legal) and are useful to the Law s valid practice. Given this notion, it s possible to make a theory of the Law s capacities: this is the second main premise of this essay. The procedural Law, like a legal extension, could not be out of the reach of the general theory of Law. So, all that was reasoned before is applicable: this is the minor premise of this essay. In the procedural relation, some simple legal situation, for example: the postulator capacity (ability to the procedural characters to practice validly some acts of the lawsuit). After writing this brief, it is possible to affirm that the objective of the essay is to study the formals aspects and concepts of the postulator capacity, characterizing in a theory of Law s capacity, using the notion of the legal situation given by the general theory of Law / A Teoria Geral Direito é uma ciência jurídica universal, que estuda os conceitos jurídicos fundamentais. É nela que encontramos a premissa magna desta dissertação: o conceito de situação jurídica. Como gênero que é, situação jurídica admite divisões. Uma nos interessa: as situações jurídicas simples. A mais importante delas a capacidade jurídica é a aptidão genérica conferida pelo ordenamento jurídico para que um ente fático possa titularizar alguma situação jurídica e, desse modo, ser sujeito de direito. Todas as outras capacidades existentes no mundo jurídico são decorrências da capacidade matriz (jurídica) e servem para o exercício válido de direitos. Dada essa noção, pode-se erigir uma teoria das capacidades em direito: eis a segunda premissa maior do trabalho. O direito processual, como ramo jurídico que é, não poderia ficar fora do alcance da Teoria Geral do Direito. Logo, toda a fundamentação supra é-lhe aplicável: eis a premissa menor do trabalho. No bojo da relação processual estão algumas situações jurídicas simples, dentre elas: a capacidade postulatória (aptidão para que os sujeitos processuais exerçam validamente alguns atos do processo). Pois bem, depois de feita esta breve resenha, podese afirmar que o objeto da presente dissertação é estudar os aspectos formais e conceituais da capacidade postulacional, enquadrando-a numa teoria das capacidades em direito, utilizando, antes de tudo, a noção de situação jurídica fornecida pela Teoria Geral do Direito

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:18:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 henrique_andrade_leite.pdf: 810999 bytes, checksum: 72ecd26254260443c4fbed4a92c7e8c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-20 / The constitutional complaint is a procedural measure provided for in the Federal Constitution. Its purpose is to preserve the competence and guarantee of authority of the decisions of the Supreme Federal Court (STF) and Superior Court of Justice (STJ). The objective of this work is to analyze this procedural institute, specifically in terms of the more polemic and important issues surrounding it. The history of the constitutional complaint, through its successive phases, shows signs that it emerged out of a need perceived, by the Federal Supreme Court, for an instrument that would preserve its competence and ensure effective compliance with its decisions, which indicates reluctance among the judges and the courts that submit to its jurisdiction. From the origins of the complaint, it discusses its legal nature, which went from being an exercise of the right to petition the Public Authorities, at its outset, to an autonomous, constitutional action, when the current Constitution came into force. Despite the stalemate that still exists, particularly in regard to the recent understanding adopted by the STF that the complaint is an exercise of the right to petition, the best conclusion is that it assumes characteristics inherent to the action, this being its nature. Considered as an action, the complaint, contrary to the decision of the STF, cannot be extended to the State Constitutions, as the Union holds the private competence to legislate a procedural law. Furthermore, the courts already have sufficient mechanisms in procedural law to preserve the competence and guarantee of authority of their decisions, therefore the complaint, at State level, besides being unconstitutional, is also unnecessary. On the contrary, the complaint is both constitutional and necessary for the STJ, against decisions of the special state courts that fail to respect its jurisprudential guidance relative to the interpretation of the federal law. The complaint is also appropriate in the case of the decision that prevents the interlocutory appeal filed against undue dismissal and against the declaration of damage to the extraordinary appeal by the Court of origin from becoming final and unappealable, based on the examination of general repercussions and of the merit of the appeal held as a paradigm. The complaint is only constitutional when judged in the STF and STJ. In the Superior Military Court (STM), before which it is appropriate since it is determined by federal law, it is only a complaint, despite having identical objectives. In relation to the other courts, i.e. the Superior Labor Court (TST), Superior Electoral Court (TSE) and Regional Federal court (TRF), the complaint, although regulated by internal regimens or resolutions, is unconstitutional, since there is no constitutional discipline or a federal law that institutes it. The complaint may be replaced by the existing mechanisms for the preservation of competence, for this specific function. The need is emphasized for a measure that seeks to guarantee the fulfillment of decisions for which non-compliance should not be considered, even more so in relation to the STF and STJ, which are of such importance in the constitutional model adopted. Currently, a risk to the jurisdictional provision of the STF is emerging, which needs to be evaluated, namely, the likelihood of a further increase in its already significant workload, due to the possibility of constitutional complaint against the act of judicial or administrative authority that disrespects the binding precedent. A solution needs to be found quickly, and put into practice, before the court is transformed into a court of first instance. But one cannot hold the procedural institute responsible, in itself, for the evils it carries. The constitutional complaint exists because it was deemed necessary, and continues to be necessary today. Worthy of deeper reflection, it is the disrespect of the legal decisions in Brazil that demonstrates an affront to the principles and regulations established by the Constitution. / A reclamação constitucional é medida processual, expressamente prevista na Constituição Federal para preservação da competência e garantia da autoridade das decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal e do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar o referido instituto processual, especificamente no que se refere às questões mais polêmicas e importantes que o envolvem. A construção histórica da reclamação, através de suas sucessivas fases, dá mostras de que seu surgimento derivou da constatação da necessidade, pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, de dispor de um instrumento que o permitisse preservar sua competência e garantir que suas decisões fossem efetivamente cumpridas, o que aponta para uma relutância existente entre os juízes e tribunais que se submetiam à sua jurisdição. Desde a gênese da reclamação discute-se a sua natureza jurídica, que passou de exercício de direito de petição aos Poderes Públicos, inicialmente, para ação autônoma, constitucional, quando da entrada em vigor da atual Constituição. Apesar do impasse ainda existente, sobretudo em razão do recente entendimento adotado pelo STF de que a reclamação configura-se como exercício de direito de petição, a melhor conclusão é a de que ela se reveste das características inerentes à ação, sendo esta a sua natureza. Considerada como ação, a reclamação, diferente do que decidiu o STF, não poderia ser estendida às Constituições Estaduais, uma vez que a União detém a competência privativa para legislar sobre direito processual. Além disso, os Tribunais de Justiça já dispõem de suficientes mecanismos no direito processual para preservação de sua competência e garantia da autoridade de suas decisões, razão que torna a reclamação nos Estados, além de inconstitucional, desnecessária. Ao contrário, é constitucional e necessária a reclamação para o STJ, contra decisões dos juizados especiais estaduais que desrespeitam a sua orientação jurisprudencial relativa à interpretação da lei federal. Também é cabível a reclamação em face de decisão que nega trânsito ao agravo de instrumento interposto contra o indevido sobrestamento e contra a declaração de prejuízo do recurso extraordinário pelo Tribunal de origem, a partir do exame da repercussão geral e do mérito do recurso considerado como paradigma. A reclamação só é constitucional quando ajuizada ao STF e STJ. No STM, perante o qual é cabível vez que determinada em lei federal, é apenas reclamação, apesar de ter idênticos objetivos. No que tange aos demais tribunais, a saber, TST, TSE e TRF s, a reclamação, ainda que prevista em regimentos internos ou resoluções, é inconstitucional, ante a ausência de disciplina constitucional e de lei federal que a institua. A reclamação poderia ser substituída pelos existentes mecanismos de preservação de competência, para tal função específica. Impressiona a necessidade de medida que objetiva garantir o cumprimento de decisões para as quais não se deveria cogitar o descumprimento, tanto mais quando se trata do STF e do STJ, de tanta relevância no modelo constitucional adotado. Atualmente surge um risco à prestação jurisdicional do STF, que necessita ser avaliado: a probabilidade de um significativo incremento em sua já expressiva carga de trabalho, em face da possibilidade de reclamação constitucional contra ato de autoridade judicial ou administrativa que desrespeite súmula vinculante. A saída deve ser rapidamente pensada e implementada sob pena da Corte ser transformada em tribunal de primeiro grau de jurisdição. Mas não se pode responsabilizar o instituto processual em si pelas mazelas que carrega. A reclamação constitucional existe porque foi tida como necessária e continua sendo até hoje. Digno de maior reflexão é o desrespeito às decisões judiciais no Brasil, que demonstra o quadro de afronta aos princípios e normas estabelecidos pela Constituição.

More than 650 million women in the world have entered marriage as children. Every year, about 12 million girls get married before their 18th birthday. Getting married as a child is common in several different parts of the world and a large part of the people who have come to Sweden in recent years come from countries where child marriage is allowed. This has meant that some of the children who have come to Sweden are married. The Swedish legal system has thus had to take a position on both areas of law as well as legal conditions that deviate from the Swedish ones in important respects. The question of international private law regarding how Sweden should relate to these legal relations entered into in foreign states has thus become increasingly relevant. Child marriage is often linked to oppression and violence against women, and over time, Swedish legislation has taken an increasingly restrictive approach to both Swedish child marriage and child marriage entered into abroad. Today, the Swedish assessment is harsh – The Supreme Administrative Court confirmed in the case HFD 2012 ref 17 that not even foreign child marriages entered into a few days before the parties’ 18th birthday are recognized in Sweden. The attitude to foreign child marriage is certainly based on a desire to protect the child and protect its best interest, but the attitude has received criticism as it has been considered contrary to both the free movement of the EU and the right to respect for private and family life in the European Convention. Even from an international private law perspective, it is clarified by the principle of loyal application that Sweden and other countries must respect the legal systems of other states in their application of law. A decision made in accordance with the legal system in another country shall thus apply in Sweden, provided that it was valid in the country where it was entered into. This essay examines the international private law issue of Sweden’s attitude to foreign child marriage from an EU law and convention law perspective. The conclusions drawn are that it is doubtful whether the Swedish regulation in this area is compatible with Sweden’s international commitments. / Mer än 650 miljoner kvinnor i världen har ingått äktenskap som barn. Varje år gifter sig därmed ungefär 12 miljoner flickor före sin 18-årsdag. Att gifta sig som barn är vanligt i flera olika världsdelar och en stor del av de personer som kommit till Sverige de senaste åren kommer från länder där barnäktenskap är tillåtet. Det här har inneburit att en del av de barn som kommit till Sverige är gifta. Det svenska rättssystemet har därmed behövt ta ställning till såväl rättsområden som rättsförhållanden som i viktiga avseende avviker från de svenska. Den internationellt privat- och processrättsliga frågan om hur Sverige ska förhålla sig till dessa rättsförhållanden som ingåtts i främmande stater har därmed blivit aktuell i allt större utsträckning. Barnäktenskap kopplas ofta till förtryck samt våld mot kvinnor och med tiden har Sveriges lagstiftning intagit ett allt mer restriktivt förhållningssätt till såväl svenska barnäktenskap som barnäktenskap som ingåtts utomlands. Idag är den svenska bedömningen hård – Högsta förvaltningsdomstolen bekräftade i målet HFD 2012 ref 17 att inte ens utländska barnäktenskap som ingåtts några dagar före parternas 18-årsdag erkänns i Sverige. Den svenska inställningen till utländska barnäktenskap grundar sig förvisso i en önskan om att skydda barnet och värna om dess bästa, men inställningen har emellertid fått motta kritik då den ansetts strida mot såväl EU-rättens fria rörlighet som rätten till respekt för privat- och familjeliv i Europakonventionen. Även ur ett internationellt privat- och processrättsligt perspektiv tydliggörs det genom den lojala tillämpningens princip att Sverige samt övriga länder ska respektera andra staters rättsordningar i sin rättstillämpning. Ett beslut som fattats enligt ett annat lands rättsordning ska därmed gälla även i Sverige, förutsatt att det var giltigt i det land där det ingåtts. Uppsatsen granskar den internationellt privat- och processrättsliga frågan om Sveriges inställning till utländska barnäktenskap ur ett EU-rättsligt samt konventionsrättsligt perspektiv. De slutsatser som dras är att det är tveksamt om den svenska regleringen på området är förenlig med Sveriges internationella åtaganden.

This thesis aims to answer the questions; what and were does peer mediation fit into the theoretical and practical frameworks of mediation? How does peer mediation fit into the retributive legal system as it stands today? What problems can arise with the use of peer mediation, its organizations and with the use of adolescent peer mediators, in a legal perspective? When it comes to the question of where peer mediation has its theoretical framework the hypothesis in this thesis are that peer mediation, with respect to the practical framework, is a hybrid of the settlement driven mediation and the transformative mediation. The theoretical framework comes from the philosophy of restorative justice (RJ), primarily the victim-offender mediation in the sense that if peer mediation per se is not enough it has to bee a whole school approach for it to work. In RJ, the community is as important as the primarily parties, the offender and the offended. In school conflicts, the community is the whole school, and as such it has to bee the whole school that is involved in the conflict management program. The method used in this thesis is the traditional method of jurisprudence combined with two case studies. The first case study is the "Peer mediations Project" that in fact was the starting point for the research. The aim with this case study is too show how peer mediation can work in Sweden, both on an organizational and a practical level. In doing so it also highlights which legal questions that is relevant for this thesis. The second case study is the "Spice conflict". This case study aims to make researcher go deeper in the legal issues as well as to illuminate a school conflict and how it can progress. The fist chapter gives a background for peer mediation and the focus of this thesis, as well as the first contact with the two case studies. Chapter two gives a legal background for the thesis. Chapter three deals with conflict theory and chapter four with schools conflicts and the different programs there is to handle those conflicts. In chapter five the different mediations models are presented more in depth and discussed from at mediation perspective. Chapter six goes deeper into the second case study in an effort to resolve the legal issues that has arisen. In the last chapter there is a discussion which originates from the five Nordic principles of mediation, facilitative, peaceably, freely, confidently and restoratively, in conjunction whit mediation, conflict and legal theory.

Submitted by PPG Direito (ppgdir@pucrs.br) on 2018-09-05T20:26:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO_ROBERTO_PEGORARO_ JUNIOR_TES .pdf: 1655552 bytes, checksum: ed4bca3de13f5f3118a7a498da2c66ae (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-09-11T12:26:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO_ROBERTO_PEGORARO_ JUNIOR_TES .pdf: 1655552 bytes, checksum: ed4bca3de13f5f3118a7a498da2c66ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T12:32:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO_ROBERTO_PEGORARO_ JUNIOR_TES .pdf: 1655552 bytes, checksum: ed4bca3de13f5f3118a7a498da2c66ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The implementation of the electronic lawsuit in Brazil derived from the gradual assimilation of data processing tools by the Judicial Power, which led to the initiative of several courts to develop an operationally functional system, and culminated in putting the Electronic Lawsuit Act into effect. The adoption of the electronic lawsuit model, despite representing a significant reinforcement of the fundamental right to have a lawsuit finished in a reasonable time, thus contributing to its celerity, has been more than a simple tool: it is a significant element of the disruptive evolution of the Civil Procedural Law. The implications of such assimilation includes, among other factors: overcoming the territorial jurisdiction in the face of the deterritorialization phenomenon, due to the ubiquity of the electronic lawsuit system; understanding of a hypertext model which translates into a dynamic way of presenting both the parties? arguments and the content of the decision; possibility of omnidirectional contradictory statement by means of groupware, in an effective community of procedural work; possibility of automated decision-making; and even the appropriation of elements of artificial intelligence for managing juridical information and decisions. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the way through which the electronic lawsuit may be the cause (and also a consequence) of the disruptive evolution of the Civil Procedural Law, without disregarding the criticisms of the model, but rather considering that the environment in which the lawsuit takes place is not neutral, as it both affects and often conditions the message content. / A implanta??o do processo eletr?nico no Brasil decorreu da paulatina assimila??o de instrumentos da inform?tica pelo Poder Judici?rio, que levaram ? iniciativa isolada de diversos tribunais no sentido de desenvolver um sistema operacionalmente funcional e culminaram com a vig?ncia da Lei do Processo Eletr?nico. A ado??o do modelo do processo eletr?nico, embora represente significativa afirma??o do direito fundamental ? dura??o razo?vel do processo, contribuindo para a sua celeridade, traduz-se em mais do que uma mera ferramenta: ? um elemento significativo da evolu??o disruptiva do Processo Civil. As implica??es decorrentes de tal assimila??o envolvem, dentre outros fatores: a supera??o da compet?ncia territorial diante do fen?meno da desterritorializa??o, pela ubiquidade do processo eletr?nico; a compreens?o de um modelo de hipertexto, que se traduza numa forma din?mica de apresenta??o dos argumentos das partes e do conte?do decis?rio; a possibilidade do contradit?rio omnidirecional, por meio do groupware, numa efetiva comunidade de trabalho processual; a possibilidade de automa??o dos atos decis?rios; e mesmo a apropria??o de elementos da intelig?ncia artificial na manipula??o das informa??es e decis?es jur?dicas. A tese, assim, presta-se a abordar como e de que forma ? poss?vel que o processo eletr?nico represente a causa (e tamb?m a consequ?ncia) da evolu??o disruptiva do Direito Processual Civil, sem desconsiderar as cr?ticas ao modelo, mas considerando-se que o meio no qual se desenvolve o processo n?o ? neutro, pois afeta e, muitas vezes, condiciona o conte?do da mensagem.

Este trabalho estuda a desjudicialização da execução por quantia enquanto técnica de aceleração do processo, de modo a avaliar sua possibilidade e funcionalidade para a melhora da atual crise de sobrecarga enfrentada pelo Poder Judiciário. O trabalho apoiou-se principalmente em revisão bibliográfica, análise de dados estatísticos e em pesquisa de campo realizada junto a um cartório judicial. Está dividido em três capítulos, dispostos da seguinte forma. O primeiro capítulo desenvolve o conceito de desjudicialização da execução para, em seguida, analisar o histórico e momento atual das codificações brasileiras de processo civil, identificando, em cada caso, movimentos de desjudicialização. Posteriormente, pontua os principais aspectos do devido processo legal atual que têm relevância para o estudo da desjudicialização. Após, analisa os dados estatísticos acerca da sobrecarga do Poder Judiciário, dando ênfase ao impacto dos processos executivos nos gabinetes e cartórios judiciais. O segundo capítulo estuda procedimentos executivos esparsos do ordenamento brasileiro que também fazem uso da desjudicialização, bem como a utilização da técnica em ordenamentos estrangeiros. O terceiro e último capítulo analisa, primeiramente, de modo geral e abstrato, qual a viabilidade de se utilizar as diversas formas de desjudicialização à luz dos aspectos relevantes do devido processo legal destacados no primeiro capítulo. Finalmente, com base no diagnóstico de sobrecarga do Poder Judiciário do primeiro capítulo, aponta as características e os principais elementos para se aplicar a desjudicialização de forma mais incisiva no procedimento geral de execução por quantia, de modo a contribuir com a melhora da crise de morosidade enfrentada pelo Poder Judiciário. De forma conclusiva, pode-se dizer que a desjudicialização é técnica compatível com o devido processo legal e que uma iniciativa desjudicializada que crie uma alternativa para os cartórios judiciais pode ser um primeiro passo para que, dentre outras melhorias, seja possível um progressivo alívio no fluxo de processos levados ao Judiciário / This study analyzes the possibility and functionality of the de-judicialization of debt enforcement as a technique to accelerate the procedure, with the purpose of reducing the overload of court cases faced by the judiciary system. The study relied on extensive review of the literature, statistical data analysis and field research carried out in a notary public office. The text is divided into three chapters. The first one develops the concept of de-judicialization of the enforcement, with the subsequent analysis of the Brazilian codifications of the civil process through the history to the present, identifying, in each case, movements of de-judicialization. It also presents the main aspects of the present due process of law, that are relevant for the study of the de-judicialization and analyses statistical data on the court system overload, emphasizing the impact of the executive proceedings on chambers and notary public offices. The second chapter presents Brazilian sparse executive proceedings that also make use of de-judicialization, as well as the use of the technique abroad. The third chapter analyses, first, in a general and abstract point of view, the viability of using the different forms of de-judicialization, as per relevant aspects of the due process of law referenced in the first chapter. Finally, based on the diagnose of overload of the court system presented in the first chapter, it`s appointed characteristics and main elements for the implementation of de-judicialization in a more effective way in the general proceeding of debt enforcement, as a way to reduce the lengthy of the Brazilian courts. Conclusively we can say that de-judicialization, is a technique that meets the due process requirements and represents a de-judicialized initiative that provides an alternative for the notary public offices, which may become a first step, among others, to a progressive relief in the flow of cases brought to the judiciary system.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Emerson Ghirardelli Coelho.pdf: 985442 bytes, checksum: bc78b1b02933b3fc45c09c87d3b5cbfa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-07 / The crisis affecting the Brazilian criminal justice system is often attributed to the inefficiency of the Judiciary Police and the ineffectiveness of the police investigation as a means of investigation of criminal acts. However, the problem takes another relevance when we analyze the criminal investigation in depth in accordance with the democratic principles and constitutional values. We pass, then, to realize that the shortcomings of the investigation procedures are not structural in nature but rather due to interpretive paradigms built under the aegis of political exception regimes. This reveals the need to put in place a contemporary criminal procedure hermeneutics, in which proper criminal investigation, constitutional and legally produced, is regarded as fundamental rights protection instrument, unfolding as real tool for promoting human dignity. Grounded on these assumptions should follow the doctrinal and jurisprudential construction and legislative reforms aiming to improve the extra-judicial phase of the criminal prosecution, consolidating the police investigation as true procedural criminal procedure of a garantista nature, aimed at achieving the constitutional ideal of due process, a principle of the Democratic State of Law / A crise que acomete o sistema de Justiça Criminal brasileiro muitas vezes é imputada à ineficiência da Polícia Judiciária e à ineficácia do inquérito policial como meio de apuração de fatos delituosos. Contudo, a problemática toma outro relevo quando analisamos a fundo a investigação criminal à luz dos princípios e valores constitucionais democráticos. Passamos, então, a perceber que as deficiências do procedimento investigatório não são de cunho estrutural, mas sim decorrentes de paradigmas interpretativos edificados sob a égide de regimes políticos de exceção. Isso nos revela a necessidade de colocar em prática uma hermenêutica processual penal contemporânea, em que a devida investigação criminal, constitucional e legalmente produzida, seja encarada como instrumento de proteção de direitos fundamentais, desvelando-se como verdadeira ferramenta de promoção da dignidade humana. Alicerçadas nessas premissas devem seguir as construções doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais e as reformas legislativas que visem aprimorar a fase extrajudicial da persecução criminal, consolidando o inquérito policial como verdadeiro procedimento processual penal de cunho garantista, voltado a concretizar o ideal constitucional de processo justo, princípio este basilar do Estado Democrático de Direito