• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 40
  • Tagged with
  • 40
  • 40
  • 19
  • 18
  • 18
  • 17
  • 11
  • 8
  • 7
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 5
  • 5
  • 4
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Reabilita??o de ?rea degradada pela deposi??o de res?duos s?lidos urbanos usando gram?neas forrageiras. / Rehabilitation of the degraded area by deposition of solid waste using forage grasses.

Miranda, Vanessa Soares 25 June 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:33Z No. of bitstreams: 5 31.pdf: 1157131 bytes, checksum: f9cc75761ea50188e5de5aa60ce65479 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:26:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 31.pdf: 1157131 bytes, checksum: f9cc75761ea50188e5de5aa60ce65479 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:26:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 31.pdf: 1157131 bytes, checksum: f9cc75761ea50188e5de5aa60ce65479 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Avaliaram-se a produtividade de mat?ria seca e a composi??o bromatol?gica de gram?neas forrageiras colhidas em ?rea degradada pela deposi??o de res?duos s?lidos urbanos, num experimento em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco gram?neas nas parcelas e tr?s cortes nas subparcelas no tempo, com quatro repeti??es. O teor e a absor??o de minerais e a concentra??o de metais pesados foram avaliados no 2? corte, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco gram?neas e quatro repeti??es. As gram?neas utilizadas foram Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e cv. Xara?s e Panicum maximum cv. Tanz?nia, colhidas com 42 dias de rebrota??o. A produtividade de mat?ria seca por corte foi de at? 1.480 kg/ha, o teor m?nimo de prote?na bruta (PB) foi 9,5% e o teor m?dio de fibra detergente neutro (FDN) foi 62,3%. As gram?neas forrageiras apresentam resultados satisfat?rios em produtividade de mat?ria seca e composi??o bromatol?gica, constituindo em alternativa para a reabilita??o de ?rea degradada por res?duos s?lidos urbanos, assim como adequada composi??o mineral, ? exce??o de f?sforo, cujo teor foi muito baixo. As concentra??es de todos os metais pesados encontram-se abaixo do n?vel de toxicidade para as plantas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT We evaluated the dry matter yield and chemical composition of grasses harvested in an area degraded by deposition of solid waste. The experiment was conducted in a split plot randomized block design with five grass plots and subplots in the three cuts time, with four replications. The content and the absorption of minerals and heavy metals were evaluated in the second cut, in a randomized block design with four replications and five grasses. The grasses used were Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu and cv. Xara?s, and Panicum maximum cv. Tanz?nia, taken at 42 days regrowth. The yield of dry matter per cutting reached up to 1480 kg / ha, the minimum content of crude protein (CP) was 9.5% and the average content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was 62.3%. The grasses have good results in dry matter yield and chemical composition, providing an alternative for the rehabilitation of degraded area by municipal solid waste, and adequate mineral composition, except for phosphorus content was very low. The concentrations of all heavy metals are below the level of toxicity to plants.
22

A??o Sacietog?nica de um inibidor de tripsina da semente de tamarindo (Tamarindus indica L.)

Ribeiro, Joycellane Alline do Nascimento Campos 19 February 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:03:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoycellaneANCR_DISSERT.pdf: 2345415 bytes, checksum: 891d1d3a4e1202d27cf8a25aff1812be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The seeds are excellent sources of proteinase inhibitors and have been highlighted owing to various applications. Among these applications are those in effect on food intake and weight gain that stand out because of the increasing number of obese individuals. This study evaluated the effects of trypsin inhibitor present in the seed of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) reduction in weight gain, biochemical and morphological alterations in Wistar rats. For this, we partially purified a trypsin inhibitor tamarind seed. This inhibitor, ITT2 at a concentration of 25 mg / kg body weight, over a period of 14 days was able to reduce food intake in rats (n = 6) by approximately 47%, causing a reduction in weight gain approximately 70% when compared with the control group. With the evaluation of the in vivo digestibility was demonstrated that the animals lost weight due to satiety, presented by the reduction of food intake, since there were significant differences between true digestibility for the control group (90.7%) and the group treated with inhibitor (89.88%). Additionally, we checked the deeds of ITT2 on biochemical parameters (glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, gamma glutamyl transferase albumin, globulin, total protein and C-reactive protein) and these, when assessed in the study groups showed no statistically significant variations. We also evaluate the histology of some organs, liver, stomach, intestine, and pancreas, and showed no changes. And to evaluate the effect of trypsin inhibitor on food intake due to the satiety is regulated by cholecystokinin (CCK) were measured plasma levels, and it was observed that the levels of CCK in animals receiving ITT2 were significantly higher ( 20 + 1.22) than in animals receiving only solution with casein (10.14 + 2.9) or water (5.92 + 1.15). Thus, the results indicate that the effect caused ITT2 satiety, reducing food intake, which in turn caused a reduction in weight gain in animals without causing morphological and biochemical changes, this effect caused by the elevation of plasma levels CCK / As sementes s?o excelentes fontes de inibidores de proteinases, e a estes t?m sido atribu?do in?meras aplica??es. Dentre estas aplica??es est?o as com efeito sobre o consumo alimentar e o ganho de peso que se destacam devido o crescente aumento de indiv?duos obesos. Esse estudo avaliou os efeitos do inibidor de tripsina presente na semente de tamarindo (Tamarindus indica L.) sobre o ganho de peso e par?metros bioqu?micos e morfohistol?gicos de ?rg?os de ratos wistar. Para isso, foi parcialmente purificado um inibidor de tripsina de semente de tamarindo (ITT2). Este na concentra??o de 25 mg/Kg de peso, num per?odo de 11 dias, foi capaz de reduzir o consumo alimentar de ratos em cerca de 47%, ocasionando uma redu??o no ganho de peso de aproximadamente 70% quando comparado com o grupo controle. Com a avalia??o da digestibilidade proteica in vivo foi poss?vel demonstrar que os animais perderam peso devido ? saciedade, apresentada pela redu??o do consumo alimentar, visto que n?o houve varia??es significativas da digestibilidade verdadeira entre o grupo controle (90,7%) e o grupo tratado com inibidor (89,88%). Al?m disso, o sangue dos animais foi coletado a fim de serem avaliados os efeitos do ITT2, sobre par?metros bioqu?micos (glicose, triglicer?deos, colesterol total, lipoprote?nas de alta-densidade, lipoprote?na de baixa-densidade, alanina amino transferase, aspartato amino transferase, gama glutamil transferase, albumina, globulina, prote?nas totais e prote?na C reativa) e estes n?o apresentaram varia??es significativas. Os ?rg?os, f?gado, est?mago, intestino, al?m do p?ncreas, n?o apresentaram altera??es. Para avaliar se o efeito do ITT2 sobre o consumo alimentar devido ? saciedade seria acompanhado pelo aumento de colecistocinina (CCK), foram dosados os seus n?veis plasm?ticos, e observado que os n?veis de CCK nos animais que receberam ITT2 eram significativamente maiores (20 + 1,22) do que nos animais que receberam apenas case?na (10,14 + 2,9) ou ?gua (5,92 + 1,15). Dessa forma, os resultados obtidos, indicam que o ITT2 causou um efeito sacietog?nico, reduzindo o consumo alimentar, que por sua vez ocasionou uma redu??o no ganho de peso nos animais, por?m sem causar altera??es bioqu?micas ou morfohistol?gicas, efeito este acompanhado pela eleva??o nos n?veis plasm?ticos de CCK
23

Efeito do complexo de inclus?o contendo Beta-Ciclodextrina e ?leo essencial de Lippia Grata (Verbenaceae) na nocicep??o orofacial em modelos experimentais

Lima, Pollyana de Souza Siqueira 27 September 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Natalie Mendes (nataliermendes@gmail.com) on 2015-11-12T01:28:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Lippia grata UEFS.pdf: 1504199 bytes, checksum: 6547f6ba792b976ed41c1fae77889843 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-12T01:28:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Lippia grata UEFS.pdf: 1504199 bytes, checksum: 6547f6ba792b976ed41c1fae77889843 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The treatment of orofacial pain remains a major challenge for modern medicine. So, new therapeutic proposals has sought in natural products pharmacological options for this nosology. In the current study, it was prepared and physicochemically characterized a ?-cyclodextrin complex containing L. grata leaf essential oil (?-CD/EO) in order to investigate their possible antinociceptive activity in animal models of orofacial pain. The essential oil from the leaves of Lippia grata (EO ) was obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and the main compounds identified was made through CG-MS. The phytochemical analysis of EO demonstred the presence of camphor (28,69%), (E)-caryophillene (11,47%), bicyclogermacrene (10,22%), camphene (9,45%) and borneol (7,64%) as the main compounds. Following these preliminary results, the inclusion complex of ?-cyclodextrin and EO (?-CD/EO) was prepared by slurry procedure (SC). It was taken physicochemical characterization. The results of DSC and TG/DTG showed that the products prepared by SC methods were able to incorporate greater amounts of EO. In the X-ray diffractogram, it was showed that complex between EO and ?-CD was formed. Male Swiss mice were pretreated with ?-CD/EO (6, 12 or 24 mg/kg, per os, gavage, p.o.), morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), or vehicle (distilled water, p.o.), 90 min. before treatment with formalin (20 ?l, 2%), capsaicin (20 ?l, 2,5 ?g), or glutamate (40 ?l, 25 ?M) into the right upper lip. The obtained data were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey?s test. The results demonstrated that p.o. treatment with ?-CD/EO was (p<0,05 or p<0,001) capable in reducing the nociceptive face-rubbing behavior in both phases of the formalin test. ?-CD/EO-treated mice were also (p<0.05 or p<0.001) protected against nociception induced by capsaicin and glutamate. For the action in the central nervous system (CNS), ninety minutes after the treatment, the mice were perfused, the brains collected, crioprotected, cut in a criostate and submitted to an imunofluorescence protocol for Fos protein. The imunofluorescence protocol demonstrated that the ?-CD/EO significantly activated (p<0,05; p<0,01 or p<0,001) the motor cortex, the locus ceruleus, the nucleus raphe magnus and the periaqueductal gray of the CNS. These effects did not alter, in tested doses, the motor coordination of mice in the rota-rod test. These results suggest that treatment with ?-CD/EO induces an analgesic profile in experimental models of orofacial nociception, promising pharmacologic complex in treatment of orofacial pain. / O tratamento da dor orofacial representa um importante desafio para a medicina moderna. Desta forma, novas propostas terap?uticas t?m buscado nos produtos naturais op??es farmacol?gicas para esta nosologia. No presente estudo, foi preparado e caracterizado fisicoquimicamente, um complexo de ?-ciclodextrina incorporado com o ?leo essencial das folhas de Lippia grata (?-CD/OE) buscando avaliar sua poss?vel a??o antinociceptiva em modelos animais de dor orofacial. O ?leo essencial (OE) foi obtido por hidrodestila??o em aparato de Clevenger e os compostos marjorit?rios foram identificados por CG-MS. A an?lise fitoqu?mica do ?leo demonstrou a presen?a de c?nfora (28,69%), (E)-cariofileno (11,47%), biciclogermacreno (10,22%), c?nfeno (9,45%) e borneol (7,64%) como principais componentes. Ap?s estes resultados preliminares, este ?leo foi ent?o complexado em ?-ciclodextrina e a an?lise fisicoqu?mica realizada. Os resultados da DSC e TG/DTG demonstraram que produtos preparados por m?todos de coevapora??o foram capazes de incorporar grandes quantidades de ?leo essencial. No difractograma de raios X, foi mostrado que o complexo entre OE e ?-CD foi formado. Camundongos machos Swiss foram pr?-tratados com ?-CD/OE (6, 12 ou 24 mg/kg, per os, gavagem, v.o.), morfina (5 mg/kg, i.p.), ou ve?culo (?gua destilada, v.o.), 90 min. antes do tratamento com formalina (20 ?l, 2%), capsaicina (20 ?l, 2,5 ?g), ou glutamato (40 ?l, 25 ?M) no l?bio superior direito. Os dados obtidos foram avaliados por an?lise de vari?ncia de uma via (ANOVA), seguido pelo teste de Tukey. Os resultados demonstraram que o tratamento v.o. com ?-CD/OE foi capaz de reduzir (p<0,05 ou p<0,001) o comportamento nociceptivo de co?ar a face em ambas as fases do teste da formalina. Camundongos tratados com ?-CD/OE foram tamb?m (p<0,05 ou p<0,001) protegidos contra a nocicep??o induzida por capsaicina e glutamato. Para avaliar a a??o no sistema nervoso central (SNC), noventa minutos ap?s o tratamento, os camundongos foram perfundidos, os c?rebros coletados, crioprotegidos, cortados num criostato e submetidos a um protocolo de imunofluoresc?ncia para prote?na Fos. O protocolo de imunofluoresc?ncia demonstrou que o complexo de ?-CD/EO ativou (p<0,05; p<0,01 ou p<0,001) o c?rtex motor, o locus ceruleus, o n?cleo magno da rafe e a subst?ncia cinzenta periaquedutal do SNC. Esses efeitos n?o alteraram, nas doses testadas, a coordena??o motora dos camundongos no teste rota-rod. Os resultados sugerem que o tratamento com ?-CD/EO induz perfil analg?sico em modelos experimentais de nocicep??o orofacial, sendo um complexo farmacol?gico promissor no tratamento da dor orofacial.
24

Associa??o entre uso de complemento alimentar nos primeiros dias de vida e presen?a de sintomas gastrointestinais em lactentes

Hennemann, Aline Carla 31 August 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:12:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ALINE_CARLA_HENNEMANN_PARCIAL.pdf: 366885 bytes, checksum: 6ba089ef0367b97f213ea850621ee052 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:12:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ALINE_CARLA_HENNEMANN_PARCIAL.pdf: 366885 bytes, checksum: 6ba089ef0367b97f213ea850621ee052 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T18:12:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ALINE_CARLA_HENNEMANN_PARCIAL.pdf: 366885 bytes, checksum: 6ba089ef0367b97f213ea850621ee052 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-31 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Introduction: Breast milk is the best food for infants; however, in some situations, especially when delivery was by cesarean section, it is necessary to complement the newborn feeding in the first days of life. There are doubts whether the use of complementary formula to breast milk in the first days of life could be associated with the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms in infants. Objectives: To investigate the association of dietary supplements in the first 10 days of life for term neonates born by elective cesarean section with the mother's report about infantile colic and vomiting/regurgitation in the first three months of life and the diagnosis of cow's milk allergy and gastroesophageal reflux in the first six months of life. Methods: A cohort study included term neonates delivered by cesarean section at Moinhos de Vento Hospital, a private hospital located in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from October 2011 to April 2013. Initial data were obtained from medical records and interviews with the mothers in the recovery room. Follow-up was done by telephone contact with the mothers at the end of the second week, at three months and at six months after birth. The factors under study were breastfeeding, prescription and use of food supplements, and type of prescribed formula. These variables were obtained for the first 48 hours of life, the first 10 days of life and for the first three month of life. The study outcomes were the occurrence of colic and vomiting/regurgitation reported by mothers in the first three months of life, as well as diagnosis of cow's milk allergy and gastroesophageal reflux in the first six months of life. Data were analyzed with the chi-square or Fisher's exact test using SPSS version 17.0. To control confounding factors, the Poisson multivariate regression was used. The significance level was 5% (p ? 0.05). Results: Nine hundred and sixty-four infants were studied, of whom 657 (68.1%) were exclusively breastfeeding, 215 (22.3%) had mixed feeding and 92 (9.5%) were fed only formula at the age of three months. Three hundred and seventy infants (38.4%) had frequent vomiting/regurgitation and 741 (76.9%) had colic, of which 382 (39.7%) were of medium/high intensity. The use of complementary formula in the first 10 days of life was not significantly associated with the studied outcomes. However, the type of feeding by three months of life was associated with some of these outcomes: infants not breastfed at all within the three months had fewer reports of vomiting, relative risk (RR) 0.63; confidence interval (CI) 0.45 to 0.89 95% (p = 0.009), and less colic, RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.46 to 0.94 (p = 0.022). Among these infants, a higher proportion was fed anti-regurgitation formulas. Partially breastfed babies had more maternal reports of colic, RR 1.22; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.45 (p = 0.024). At six months of life, 2.0% of the infants had diagnosis of cow's milk allergy and 3.1% had gastroesophageal reflux, outcomes that were associated with the type of feeding at three months but not at 10 days of life. Conclusions: In this population of infants born at term by cesarean section, there was no association between the use of formula supplements in the first 10 days of life, or the type of formula used in this period, and the incidence of colic and vomiting/regurgitation in the first three months of life, or the diagnosis of cow's milk allergy or gastroesophageal reflux in the first six months of life. However, the type of infant feeding at the end of the third month of life was associated with some of the study outcomes. / Introdu??o: O leite materno ? o melhor alimento para lactentes; entretanto, em algumas situa??es, principalmente quando o parto ocorre por cesariana, ? necess?rio complementar a alimenta??o do rec?m-nascido nos primeiros dias de vida. Questiona-se se o uso de f?rmulas complementares ao leite materno nos primeiros dias de vida poderiam estar associadas ao surgimento de sintomas gastrointestinais nos lactentes. Objetivos: Verificar a associa??o entre uso de complemento alimentar nos primeiros 10 dias de vida, em rec?m-nascidos a termo de parto ces?reo, com o relato materno de c?licas e v?mitos/regurgita??o nos tr?s primeiros meses de vida e no diagn?stico de alergia ao leite de vaca e de refluxo gastroesof?gico nos primeiros seis meses de vida. M?todos: Um estudo de coorte incluiu rec?m-nascidos a termo por cesariana eletiva no Hospital Moinhos de Vento, um hospital particular localizado em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, no per?odo de outubro de 2011 a abril de 2013. Os dados iniciais foram obtidos dos prontu?rios e de entrevistas com as m?es na sala de recupera??o. O seguimento foi feito por contato telef?nico com as m?es, ao final da segunda semana, aos tr?s meses e aos seis meses ap?s o nascimento. Os fatores em estudo foram aleitamento materno, prescri??o e utiliza??o de complemento alimentar e tipo de f?rmula prescrita. Estas vari?veis foram obtidas em rela??o ?s primeiras 48 horas de vida, aos primeiros 10 dias de vida e aos primeiros tr?s meses de vida. Os desfechos em estudo foram ocorr?ncia de c?lica e v?mitos/regurgita??es relatados pelas m?es nos tr?s primeiros meses de vida, assim como diagn?stico de alergia ao leite de vaca e de refluxo gastroesof?gico nos seis primeiros meses de vida. Os dados foram analisados com os testes qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher utilizando o aux?lio do programa SPSS vers?o 17.0. Para controle de fatores confundidores, foi utilizada a an?lise multivariada de Regress?o de Poisson. O n?vel de signific?ncia adotado foi de 5% (p?0,05). Resultados: Foram estudados 964 lactentes, sendo que 657 (68,1%) mantinham a amamenta??o exclusiva aos 3 meses, 215 (22,3%) estavam com aleitamento misto e 92 (9,5%) mamavam apenas f?rmula. Trezentos e setenta lactentes (38,4%) apresentaram v?mitos/regurgita??es frequentes e 741 (76,9%) apresentaram c?licas, sendo 382 (39,7%) de m?dia/alta intensidade. O uso de complemento nos primeiros 10 dias de vida n?o se associou significativamente com os desfechos estudados. Entretanto o tipo de alimenta??o aos tr?s meses de vida associou-se com alguns desses desfechos: os lactentes que n?o mamavam mais ao seio aos tr?s meses tinham menos relatos de v?mitos, risco relativo (RR) 0,63; intervalo de confian?a (IC)95% 0,45-0,89 (p = 0,009) e de c?licas, RR 0,65; IC95% 0,46-0,94 (p = 0,022). Entre esses lactentes, uma propor??o maior utilizava f?rmulas anti-regurgita??o. Os beb?s que mamavam parcialmente aos seio tinham mais relatos maternos de c?licas, RR 1,22; IC95% 1,03-1,45 (p = 0,024). Aos seis meses, 2,0% dos lactentes tiveram diagn?stico de alergia ao leite de vaca e 3.1% apresentavam refluxo gastroesof?gico, desfechos que foram associados ao tipo de alimenta??o aos tr?s meses mas n?o aos 10 dias de vida. Conclus?es: Nesta popula??o de lactentes nascidos a termo, por cesariana eletiva, n?o houve associa??o do uso de complemento alimentar nos primeiros 10 dias de vida, ou do tipo de f?rmula utilizada nesse per?odo, com a incid?ncia de c?lica e de v?mitos/regurgita??o nos tr?s primeiros meses de vida, e nem com o diagn?stico de alergia ao leite de vaca ou refluxo gastroesof?gico nos primeiros seis meses de vida. Entretanto, o tipo de alimenta??o do lactente ao final do terceiro m?s de vida associou-se a alguns dos desfechos estudados.
25

Caracter?sticas de crescimento e valor nutritivo de clones de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) manejados sob lota??o rotacionada na esta??o seca / Growth characteristics and nutritive value of elephant grass clones managed under rotational grazing during the dry season

MORENZ, Danilo Antonio 20 November 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-25T16:19:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Danilo Antonio Morenz.pdf: 638093 bytes, checksum: 3b4f1d143b088953006c8246815bb7b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-25T16:19:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Danilo Antonio Morenz.pdf: 638093 bytes, checksum: 3b4f1d143b088953006c8246815bb7b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-20 / CNPq / The objective of this study was to evaluate the variables related to the heights in the pre and post grazing sward, the production of dry biomass of green forage, morphological composition, leaf:stem ratio and nutritive value of two clones of elephant grass managed under rotational stocking. Was adopted a completely randomized design with repeated measures in time (grazing cycles) and three replications (paddocks). The sward heights, in pre and post grazing were influenced by the clones and grazing cycles, being the highest values observed for clone CNPGL 03-01-00. The production of dry mass of green forage was influenced by clone and grazing cycle, with higher mean value observed for CNPGL 03-01- 00, which was 17% higher than that observed for CNPGL 92-198-7, and there was decreased of dry mass of green forage with the advance of grazing cycles. The production of dry matter of leaves was influenced only by grazing cycle, with gradual reduction from the first to the third cycle. However, in fourth cycle was increase in biomass of leaves, which did not differ from that observed in the second cycle. There was interaction clone x cycle for the production of dry matter of stem, being observed differences in the first and third cycles for the clones. There was no effect of the factors studied for the production of senescent material. The leaf: stem ratio was influenced by grazing cycles, with interaction of the factors. The clone CNPGL 91-198-7 kept the leaf:stem ratio stable over the cycles, while clone CNPGL 1-3-00 presented a decrease in leaf:stem ratio from first until to third cycle. The number of aerial tillers was influenced by grazing cycles, increasing from the first until to third cycle, while the fourth cycle was observed decreased in the number of these tillers. The basal tillers were only effect of clones, where CNPGL 91-198-7 showed a higher number of these tillers. Crude protein (CP) and lignin (LIG) content were not affected by clones or by grazing cycles. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) were affected only by grazing cycles. The highest values of NDF were observed at the firsts three grazing cycles and, in the fourth grazing cycle the NDF was reduced. The IVDMD decreased until the third cycle; however, in the fourth cycle the values obtained were similar to those of the first cycle. According to results obtained the clone CNPGL 92-198-7 showed higher production of dry matter of the leaves, lower production of dry matter of stem and higher density of basal tillers, which may indicate its greatest potential for use under grazing, when compared to CNPGL 01-03-00. / Objetivou-se estudar as alturas no pr? e p?s-pastejo do dossel forrageiro, a produ??o de biomassa seca de forragem verde, a composi??o morfol?gica, a rela??o folha:colmo, a densidade de perfilhos e o valor nutritivo de dois clones de capim-elefante manejados sob lota??o rotacionada. Foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado com medidas repetidas no tempo (quatro ciclos de pastejo) e tr?s repeti??es (piquetes). As alturas do dossel pr? e p?s pastejo foram influenciadas pelos clones e pelos ciclos de pastejo. Os valores mais elevados foram observados para o clone CNPGL 00-1-3. Para massa seca de forragem verde houve apenas efeito do clone e do ciclo de pastejo. O valor m?dio da massa seca de forragem verde do CNPGL 00-1-3 foi 17% maior do que a do CNPGL 92-198-7. Com o avan?ar dos ciclos de pastejo houve redu??o da massa seca de forragem verde. A produ??o de biomassa seca de folha foi influenciada apenas pelo ciclo de pastejo, com redu??o gradual do primeiro at? o terceiro ciclo. No quarto ciclo houve aumento na massa seca de folha, que n?o diferenciou daquela obtida no segundo ciclo. Houve intera??o clone x ciclo para a massa de colmo, sendo observadas diferen?as entre clones apenas no primeiro e terceiro ciclos. N?o foi observado efeito dos fatores estudados ou intera??o para a massa seca de material morto. A rela??o folha:colmo foi influenciada pelos ciclos de pastejo, havendo intera??o dos fatores estudados. O CNPGL 92-198-7 manteve a rela??o folha:colmo est?vel ao longo dos ciclos, enquanto que o CNPGL 00-1-3 apresentou decr?scimo na rela??o folha:colmo do primeiro at? o terceiro ciclo, com maior valor obtido no quarto ciclo. Quanto ao n?mero de perfilhos a?reos foi observado efeito dos ciclos de pastejo, com aumento do primeiro ao terceiro ciclo, enquanto que no quarto ciclo houve redu??o do n?mero desses perfilhos. Para os perfilhos basais houve efeito dos clones, onde o CNPGL 92-198-7 apresentou maior n?mero de perfilhos que o CNPGL 00-1-3. Os teores de prote?na bruta (PB) n?o foram influenciados pelos clones ou pelos ciclos de pastejo. Os teores de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e o coeficiente da digestibilidade in vitro da mat?ria seca (DIVMS) foram influenciados apenas pelos ciclos de pastejo. Os maiores valores de FDN foram observados nos tr?s primeiros ciclos de pastejo, j? no quarto ciclo de pastejo o teor de FDN reduziu. Quanto ? DIVMS houve queda at? o terceiro ciclo, enquanto que no quarto ciclo os valores obtidos foram semelhantes aos do primeiro ciclo. Para lignina n?o foi observada diferen?a dos fatores estudados. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, o clone CNPGL 92-198-7 apresentou maior produ??o de biomassa seca de folhas, menor produ??o de biomassa seca de colmo e maior densidade populacional de perfilhos basais, o que pode indicar seu maior potencial para uso sob pastejo, quando comparado ao CNPGL 00-1-3.
26

Silagens de ramas e ra?zes de batata-doce. / Silage of branches and roots of sweet potato.

Pedrosa, Carlos Enrrik January 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:36Z No. of bitstreams: 5 50.pdf: 601131 bytes, checksum: 40ec6f06ce6ce603d177d20c34d83fbd (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:17:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 50.pdf: 601131 bytes, checksum: 40ec6f06ce6ce603d177d20c34d83fbd (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:17:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 50.pdf: 601131 bytes, checksum: 40ec6f06ce6ce603d177d20c34d83fbd (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Objetivou-se selecionar gen?tipos de batata-doce mais produtivos e de melhor qualidade nutricional e avaliar a qualidade da silagem de ramas e de ra?zes de batata-doce. Foram realizados dois ensaios. Com o primeiro ensaio objetivou-se selecionar gen?tipos de batata-doce de melhores caracter?sticas de produ??o de ramas e avaliar a composi??o bromatol?gica das ramas emurchecidas de batata-doce e de suas silagens. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Rio Manso, da UFVJM, em Couto Magalh?es de Minas - MG. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quinze gen?tipos de batata-doce: BD-31TO, BD-26, BD-13, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54, BD-56, BD-69, BD-43, BD-44, BD-46, BD-52, BD-35 e a cultivar comercial Brazl?ndia Rosada, com tr?s repeti??es. Apenas para o n?mero de folhas por metro linear n?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos. A maioria dos gen?tipos estudados apresenta m?dia a alta produtividade de massa verde (PMV) e de massa seca das ramas (PMS). Devido ? exist?ncia de correla??o entre o comprimento da haste principal (CH) e a PMS, pode-se em futuros trabalhos mensurar o comprimento da haste visando maiores PMS. N?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos para os teores de carboidratos sol?veis das ramas emurchecidas e silagens das ramas. Foram encontradas diferen?as significativas para os teores de mat?ria seca (MS), cinzas, prote?na bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ?cido (FDA) e lignina. Para as ramas emurchecidas, os gen?tipos BD-26, BD-13, BD-56, BD-46, BD-35 e Brazl?ndia Rosada apresentaram as composi??es bromatol?gicas mais adequadas. O n?mero de folhas na cultura da batata-doce n?o possui rela??o com a qualidade bromatol?gica de suas ramas. Para as silagens das ramas, o gen?tipo BD-56 proporcionou as melhores caracter?sticas bromatol?gicas. Com o segundo ensaio objetivou-se avaliar caracter?sticas de produtividade de ra?zes, a composi??o bromatol?gica das silagens de ra?zes e o potencial de produ??o de prote?na bruta de diferentes gen?tipos batata-doce. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com dez tratamentos e duas repeti??es, sendo os gen?tipos de batata-doce oriundos do banco de germoplasma da UFVJM (BD-31TO, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54, BD-69, BD-43, BD-46, BD-52 e BD-35). As parcelas foram compostas por duas leiras de 3,0 m, com 0,90 m entre leiras e 0,30 m entre plantas. Na colheita foram avaliadas as caracter?sticas de produtividade total de ra?zes (PTR) e produtividade comercial de ra?zes (PCR), n?o sendo observadas diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos para essas caracter?sticas. As PTR e PCR foram baixas, abaixo da m?dia nacional. Para os teores m?dios de MS, nitrog?nio amoniacal (%N-NH3 NT-1), FDN e lignina houve diferen?as significativas entre os gen?tipos avaliados. Os gen?tipos BD-17, BD-69 e BD-46 originaram silagens de raiz de melhores composi??es bromatol?gicas. A cultura da batata-doce possui alto potencial de produ??o de PB, com destaque para os gen?tipos BD-17, BD-54, BD-43, BD-46 e BD-52. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to select genotypes of sweet potato more productive and better nutritional quality and evaluate the quality of silage branches and roots of sweet potato. Two experiments were conducted. With the first experiment was aimed to select genotypes of sweet potato with best features of production of branches and assess the chemical composition of branches wilted sweet potato and its silages. The experiment was conducted at the Fazenda Rio Manso of the UFVJM in the city of Couto Magalh?es de Minas ? MG - Brazil. We used a randomized block design, with fifteen genotypes of sweet potato: BD-31TO, BD-26, BD-13, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54, BD-56, BD-69, BD-43, BD-44, BD-46, BD-52, BD-35 and the commercial cultivar Brazl?ndia Rosada, with three replications. Only the number of leaves per linear meter no significant differences were observed among genotypes. Most genotypes has medium to high productivity of green mass (PGM) and dry mass of branches. Due the correlation between the length of the main branch (CB) and productivity of dry mass of branches (PDM), can in future studies to measure the length of the rod aiming higher PDM. No significant differences were observed among genotypes for soluble carbohydrates from branches and wilted silages of branches. Significant differences were found for dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin. For the wilted branches, genotypes BD-26, BD-13, BD-56, BD-46, BD-35 and Brazl?ndia Rosada presented better compositions bromatologic. The number of leaves in the culture of sweet potato has no relation with the chemical quality of their branches. For silages of branches, genotype BD-56 have the best qualitative characteristics. The second experiment aimed to evaluate characteristics of root yield, composition of silages of roots and the potential production of crude protein of sweet potato genotypes. We used a randomized block design with ten treatments and two replications, and the sweet potato genotypes from the germplasm bank of UFVJM (BD-31TO, BD-17, BD-22, BD-24, BD-54 , BD-69, BD-43, BD-46, BD-52, BD-35). The plots were composed of two piles of 3.0 m, with 0.90 m between furrows and 0.30 m between plants. At harvest, the characteristics evaluated were total root yields (TRY) and marketable yield of roots (MYR), no differences were observed among genotypes these characteristics. The TRY and MYR were low, below the national average. For the average levels of DM, ammonia nitrogen (% N-NH3.NT-1), NDF and lignin were no significant differences between genotypes. The genotypes BD-17, BD-69 and BD-46 showed the best results of composition of silages roots. The culture of sweet potato has a high potential for production of CP, especially with the genotypes BD-17, BD-54, BD-43, BD-46 and BD-52.
27

Caracter?sticas estruturais e [produtivas] das cultivares Marandu e Xara?s adubadas com nitrog?nio e pot?ssio em diferentes intervalos ap?s o corte

Andrade, Rodrigo Duarte 03 July 2009 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-10-23T17:04:24Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Rodrigo_Duarte_Andrade.pdf: 581982 bytes, checksum: 8809fc50e3b7d9566339c5470ea99fc4 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-10-23T17:06:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Rodrigo_Duarte_Andrade.pdf: 581982 bytes, checksum: 8809fc50e3b7d9566339c5470ea99fc4 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-23T17:06:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Rodrigo_Duarte_Andrade.pdf: 581982 bytes, checksum: 8809fc50e3b7d9566339c5470ea99fc4 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes intervalos de aplica??o de N e K2O, ap?s o corte, nas caracter?sticas estruturais e produtivas das cultivares Marandu e Xara?s de Brachiaria brizantha. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos em casa de vegeta??o, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repeti??es. No experimento 1, ap?s o desbaste das plantas nos vasos, foram aplicadas doses semanais de 50 mg dm-3 de N e K2O, at? uma semana antes do corte de uniformiza??o, totalizando quatro aplica??es, e, ap?s o corte, foram aplicadas doses de 50 mg dm-3 de N e de K2O nos intervalos 0; 3; 6 e 9 dias, sendo as cultivares avaliadas com 44 dias de rebrota??o. No experimento 2, foi aplicada dose ?nica de 50 mg dm-3 de N de K2O, uma semana antes do corte de uniformiza??o e, ap?s o corte, foram aplicados 100 mg dm-3 de N e de K2O nos intervalos 0; 4; 8 e 12 dias, avaliando-se as cultivares com 39 dias de rebrota??o. No experimento 1, somente a produ??o de mat?ria seca e a rela??o l?mina/colmo foram influenciadas pelo intervalo de aplica??o dos adubos. J? no experimento 2, o n?mero total de folhas, o n?mero de folhas expandidas, o n?mero de folhas mortas e o comprimento laminar acumulado foram influenciados pelo intervalo de forma linear negativa, enquanto a produ??o de mat?ria seca apresentou resposta quadr?tica ao aumento do intervalo de aduba??o. Nas condi??es estudadas, conclui-se que a cv. Marandu apresenta maior n?mero de folhas e de perfilhos que a cv. Xara?s, que, por sua vez, apresenta maior altura, produ??o de mat?ria seca, rela??o l?mina/colmo e produ??o da rebrota??o. A aplica??o dos adubos nitrogenado e pot?ssico imediatamente ap?s o corte apresenta melhores resultados para as caracter?sticas estruturais, exceto para n?mero de folhas mortas. A produ??o de mat?ria seca por vaso e por planta ? maximizada com a aduba??o entre quatro e cinco dias ap?s o corte. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2009. / ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the effect of differents intervals of N and K2O application after the cut in the structural and productives characteristics of the cultivars Marandu and Xara?s of Brachiaria brizantha. Two experiments mere conducted in a greenhouse, in a 4x2 factorial scheme, in a randomized block design with four repetitions. In experiment one, after the plants thinning in the vases, were applied weekly dosage of 50 mg dm-3 of N and K2O, until one week before the standardized cut, in total of four applications, and after the cut, were applied doses of 50 mg dm-3 of N and of K2O, in the intervals 0; 3; 6 and 9 days, been the cultivars evaluated with 44 days of regrowth. In experiment two, were applied unique dose of 50 mg dm-3 of N and of K2O, one week before the standardized cut and, after the cut were applied 100 mg dm-3 of N and of K2O in the intervals 0; 4; 8 and 12 days, evaluating the cultivars with 39 days of regrowth. In experiment one, only the dry material production and the relation leaf-stem were influenced for the intervals of fertilizer application. Already in the experiment two, total number of leaves, number of expanded leaves, number of dead leaves and accumulated laminar length were influenced for the interval in a negative linear form way, while the dry material production presents a quadratic answer to adubation intervals increase. In studied conditions, the conclusion is that cultivar Marandu presents bigger number of leaves and of tillers than the cultivar Xara?s, that presents bigger height, production of dry material, relation leaf-stem and regrowth production. The nitrogen fertilizer and potassium application immediately after the cut presents better results for the structural characteristics, except for number of dead leaves. The dry material production per vase and per plant is maximized with the adubation between four and five days after the cut.
28

Produtividade de massa seca, morfologia e valor nutritivo de gen?tipos de capim-elefante sob estrat?gias de lota??o intermitente / Productivity of dry mass, morphology and nutritional value of genotypes of elephant grass under intermittent capacity strategies.

Chaves, Carla Silva 14 July 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-10-26T13:54:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 carla_silva_chaves.pdf: 465218 bytes, checksum: 61fac981c650f80191edf0c6f87da7fc (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-10-26T13:55:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 carla_silva_chaves.pdf: 465218 bytes, checksum: 61fac981c650f80191edf0c6f87da7fc (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-26T13:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 carla_silva_chaves.pdf: 465218 bytes, checksum: 61fac981c650f80191edf0c6f87da7fc (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / O estudo foi conduzido no campo experimental da Embrapa Gado de Leite (Coronel Pacheco, MG), com objetivo de avaliar as caracter?sticas nutricionais, estruturais e produtivas de gen?tipos de capim-elefante sob estrat?gias de lota??o intermitente. Utilizou-se o esquema fatorial 2x2x2 (dois gen?tipos, CNPGL 92-198-7 e CNPGL 00-1-3; duas intercepta??es luminosas ao corte, 90 e 95%; duas alturas de res?duo p?s-pastejo, 30 e 50 cm), no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com tr?s repeti??es. O rebaixamento do dossel foi realizado via pastejo direto por novilhas mesti?as Hol?ndes x Zebu utilizando a t?cnica ?mob grazing?. As caracter?sticas estruturais e produtivas foram avaliadas a partir de coletas realizadas rente ao solo e o valor nutritivo foi determinado no material amostrado. O gen?tipo CNPGL 92-198-7 apresentou menor per?odo de descanso e mais ciclos de pastejo, refletindo em maior produ??o de forragem dentro da esta??o de crescimento. O manejo com res?duo p?s-pastejo com 30 cm resultou em melhor rela??o l?mina/colmo e consequente percentagem de l?mina foliar, com superioridade do gen?tipo CNPGL 92-198-7 sobre o gen?tipo CNPGL 00-1-3. O gen?tipo CNPGL 92-198-7 apresentou superioridade em rela??o ao gen?tipo CNPGL 00-1-3 no que ser refere ? taxa de ac?mulo de forragem e n?mero de perfilhos. O gen?tipo CNPGL 92-198-7 apresentou maior teor de PB e DIVMS e menor teor de FDN sob 90% de intercepta??o luminosa e res?duo p?s-pastejo de 30 cm. O gen?tipo CNPGL 00-1-3 obteve melhor valor nutritivo sob 95% de intercepta??o luminosa. O gen?tipo CNPGL 92-198-7 apresentou maior taxa de degrada??o na IL de 90% e no res?duo p?s-pastejo de 30 cm, j? o gen?tipo CNPGL 00-1-3 obteve maior taxa de degrada??o na IL de 95% sob 30 cm de res?duo p?s-pastejo. Recomenda-se o uso do gen?tipo CNPGL 92-198-7, manejando este sob IL de 95% e res?duo p?s-pastejo de 30 cm que ? a condi??o que esta forrageira atinge sua maior produtividade. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT The study was conducted at Embrapa Gado de Leite (Minas Gerais, Brazil), to evaluate the nutritional characteristics, structural and production of elephant grass genotypes under intermittent stocking strategies. There had been used a 2x2x2 factorial (two genotypes, CNPGL 92-198-7 and CNPGL 00-1-3; two light interceptions to cut, 90 and 95%, two post-grazing residue heights, 30 and 50 cm) in a completely randomized design with three replications. The lowering of the canopy was accomplished via direct grazing of crossbred Holstein x Zebu heifers using the technique "mob grazing". The structural and productive characteristics were assessed from samples taken at ground level and nutritive value was determined in the sampled material. The genotype CNPGL 92-198-7 presented a shorter rest period and more grazing cycles, resulting in a higher forage production in the growing season. The management with post-grazing residue of 30 cm height resulted in better value for blade/stem and a resulting percentage of leaf blades, with superiority of genotype CNPGL 92-198-7 compared to genotype CNPGL 00-1-3. The genotype CNPGL 92-198-7 has showed to be superior to the genotype CNPGL 00-1-3 in relation to forage accumulation rate and number of tillers. The genotype CNPGL 92-198-7 has a higher content of CP and IVDMD and lower NDF content under 90% light interception and post-grazing residue height of 30 cm. The genotype CNPGL 92-198-7 showed the highest degradation in 90% IL, and height post-grazing of 30 cm, as the genotype CNPGL 00-1-3 had the highest rate of degradation in IL of 95% under 30 cm of height post-grazing. It is recommended the use of genotype CNPGL 92-198-7, handling this under 95% IL and height post-grazing residue of 30 cm which is the condition that the forage is at its highest productivity.
29

Intera??o gen?tipo x triptofano: lisina em codornas de corte via normas de rea??o / Genotype interaction x triptofan: lysine in cutting quality via reaction norms

Alc?ntara, Diego Coimbra 31 October 2016 (has links)
Linha de pesquisa: Melhoramento animal. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-09-29T00:35:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) diego_coimbra_alcantara.pdf: 1887370 bytes, checksum: 3b18dc6adcb9630901b41a57c4a4a351 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-10-09T14:23:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) diego_coimbra_alcantara.pdf: 1887370 bytes, checksum: 3b18dc6adcb9630901b41a57c4a4a351 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-09T14:23:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) diego_coimbra_alcantara.pdf: 1887370 bytes, checksum: 3b18dc6adcb9630901b41a57c4a4a351 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Objetivou-se com este estudo, caracterizar a intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente em codornas de corte, alimentadas com dietas contendo diferentes rela??es de triptofano:lisina, via normas de rea??o. Para realizar o experimento foram utilizadas duas linhagens de codornas de corte, LF1 e LF2. A ra??o fornecida no per?odo de crescimento, nascimento aos 21 dias de idade, continha uma rela??o de 0,20% de triptofano:lisina, e no per?odo final do crescimento, 22 a 35 dias, as codornas foram separadas em 5 tratamentos com as rela??es: 0,15; 0,20; 0,25; 0,30; 0,35% de triptofano:lisina. As aves foram pesadas aos 28 e 35 dias e abatidas aos 35 dias de idade. As caracter?sticas avaliadas foram os pesos pr?-abate, peso 28, peso 35, peso e rendimentos da carca?a, peito, coxa+sobrecoxa e as caracter?sticas de qualidade da carne. As an?lises foram realizadas utilizando modelos de regress?o aleat?ria considerando efeito fixo de sexo e o efeito aleat?rio gen?tico aditivo direto como fun??es das rela??es triptofano:lisina da dieta, admitindo-se homogeneidade de vari?ncia residual. Os resultados para desempenho, caracter?sticas de carca?a e caracter?sticas de qualidade da carne indicam que o coeficiente de regress?o do intercepto (b0), foi maior que o coeficiente de regress?o aleat?rio (b1). A herdabilidade e a vari?ncia gen?tica aditiva foram influenciadas pelas diferentes rela??es triptofano:lisina da dieta. Houve intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente para as caracter?sticas rendimento de carca?a, rendimento de peito e rendimento de coxa+sobrecoxa. As caracter?sticas de qualidade da carne CRA, b*, c* e H* (LF1) e CRA, PPC, L* e H* (LF2) apresentaram intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente. A intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente observada para as caracteristicas de rendimento e qualidade da carne indicam que a sele??o seja feita na rela??o triptofano:lisina em que as codornas ser?o criadas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / We animed of this experiment was to characterize the genotype x environment interaction in the production of meat quails, fed diets containing different tryptophan:lysine ratios, via reaction standards. Two lines of cutting quails, LF1 and LF2, were used to perform the experiment. The feed provided in the growing period, from birth to 21 days, contained a 0.20% tryptophan:lysine ratio and in the final growth period, from 22 to 35 days of age, quails were separated into 5 treatments containing the Ratios of 0.15; 0.20; 0.25; 0.30; 0.35% tryptophan: lysine. The birds were weighed at 28 and 35 days of age and slaughtered at 35 days of age. The evaluated characteristics were the pre-slaughter weights, weight 28, weight 35, weight and yields of the carcass, breast, thigh + sobrecoxa and the quality traitsof the meat. The analyzes were performed using random regression models considering fixed sex effect and direct additive genetic random effect as functions of the tryptophan:lysine ratios of the diet, assuming homogeneity of residual variance. The results for performance, carcass traitsand meat quality traitsindicate that the regression coefficient of the intercept (b0) was higher than the random regression coefficient (b1). Heritability and additive genetic variance were influenced by the different tryptophan:lysine ratios of the diet. There was no genotype x environment interaction for the traitsof carcass yield, yield of breast and yield of thigh + overcoat. The quality traits of the meat CRA, b *, c * and H * (LF1) and CRA, PPC, L * and H * (LF2) presented genotype x environment interaction. It is possible to conclude that for yield traitsthe selection can be made in the lowest tryptophan: diet lysine ratios. For meat quality traitsthe sensitivity of the values indicates that the selection must be made in the tryptophan:lysine ratio in which the quails will be created.
30

Avalia??o nutricional do farelo de crambe em dietas para ovinos

Azevedo, Katharine Kelly de 25 September 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-07-19T20:36:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) katharine_kelly_azevedo.pdf: 1197322 bytes, checksum: 47b2dff938cb953a1d3c90817b658008 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-08-22T12:59:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) katharine_kelly_azevedo.pdf: 1197322 bytes, checksum: 47b2dff938cb953a1d3c90817b658008 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T12:59:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) katharine_kelly_azevedo.pdf: 1197322 bytes, checksum: 47b2dff938cb953a1d3c90817b658008 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de n?veis crescentes de substitui??o da PB do concentrado (0, 25, 50 e 75% com base na MS) pela PB do farelo de crambe (FC) em dietas para ovinos, sobre o consumo e digestibilidade de nutrientes, par?metros ruminais, N ureico no plasma sangu?neo (NUP), excre??o urin?ria de N ureico (EUNU), balan?o de N, fluxo intestinal de N microbiano (NMIC) e efici?ncia de s?ntese de prote?na microbiana (EFIM). Foram utilizados quatro ovinos fistulados no r?men, SRD, machos, castrados, alojados em gaiolas metab?licas, com idade m?dia inicial de 18 meses e peso vivo m?dio inicial de 50 kg, distribu?dos em delineamento quadrado latino 4 x 4 (4 tratamentos e 4 per?odos). Cada per?odo foi composto de 14 dias, sendo sete dias destinados ? adapta??o dos animais ? dieta e ?s condi??es experimentais e sete dias para as coletas. As dietas foram compostas por 50% de volumoso (silagem de milho) e 50% de concentrado (%MS). Os resultados foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia e estudo de regress?o a 5% de signific?ncia, utilizando-se o programa estat?stico SAS. Foi verificado efeito linear crescente para o consumo de extrato et?reo e linear decrescente para o consumo de carboidratos n?o fibrosos corrigidos para cinzas e prote?na. Com o aumento dos n?veis de FC nas dietas observou-se redu??o na digestibilidade de todos os nutrientes avaliados, exceto para PB e EE. N?o houve efeito para o pH do l?quido ruminal, por?m para os valores de N amoniacal no l?quido ruminal foi observado efeito linear decrescente com a inclus?o do FC na dieta. Tamb?m n?o foi observado efeito das dietas para o balan?o de N e EUNU. Contudo, para a concentra??o de NUP houve efeito linear decrescente. O NMIC e EFIM apresentaram efeito linear crescente com a inclus?o do FC. De acordo com os resultados alcan?ados no presente estudo, o FC possui potencial como alimento proteico alternativo na dieta de ovinos, pois assegura consumo e utiliza??o do N semelhante a alimentos convencionais e contribui pra melhor s?ntese de prote?na microbiana. Apesar da redu??o da digestibilidade dos nutrientes com a inclus?o do FC ?s dietas, o consumo de NDT n?o foi prejudicado. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of CP replacement of concentrate (0, 25, 50 and 75% based on DM) for crambe meal (CM) CP in sheep diets regarding on nutrient intake, digestibility, ruminal parameters, blood plasma urea nitrogen (NUP), urinary urea nitrogen excretion (EUNU), N balance, intestinal flow of microbial nitrogen (NMIC), and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (EFIM). Four rumen fistulated male sheep of undefined breed, castrated, housed in metabolic cages, with initial mean age of 18 months and initial mean body weight (BW) of 50 kg, were distributed in a 4 x 4 Latin square design (4 treatments and 4 periods). Each period was composed of 14 days, seven days for the adaptation of the animals to the diet and the experimental conditions and seven days sampling. The diets were composed of 50% of roughage (corn silage) and 50% of concentrate (% MS). The results were submitted to analysis of variance and regression study at 5% of significance using the SAS statistical program. It was verified crescent linear effect for the intake of ethereal extract and linear effect decreasing for the intake of non-fibrous carbohydrates corrected for ashes and protein. It was observed a reduction of the digestibility of all the nutrients with increase of CM levels in the diets, except for PB and EE. There was no effect on the ruminal fluid pH, but it was observed linear decreasing effect for the values of ammoniacal nitrogen in the rumen according to the inclusion of the CM in the diets. It was not observed effect of diets on N balance and EUNU. However, there was a linear decreasing effect for NUP. The was in increasing linear effect on NMIC and the EFIM with the inclusion of CM. According to the results obtained in the present study, the CM has potential as an alternative protein food in the diets of sheep, because the intake and use of N is similar to conventional foods and improves the microbial protein synthesis. Even with the reduction of nutrient digestibility with the inclusion of CM in diets, the intake of TDN was not affected.

Page generated in 0.033 seconds