The dissertation deals with the effectiveness of the useof motivational elements like different types of crossword puzzles, riddles, rebuses and word plays etc. in teaching chemistry atlower secondary school. First, the database of motivational problems was created. The tasks (problems) are designed for practicing the curriculum of chemistry at lower secondary school in combination with one of the following subjects - mathematics, physics, biology or geography. Partia collection of problems that combine chemistry curriculum with geography or biology are available at http://is.muni.cz/do/rect/el/estud/pedf/cidlova/index.html. The remaining two collections are attached to this dissertation. These problems were subsequently used in an one and half year research focused on the impact of their use in teaching on the relationship of pupils to chemistry and on the results of their education in chemistry at lower secondary school. The research was initiated with a total of 886 pupils of the 3rd grade of lower secondary school. At the beginnig of the second semester these pupils completed an initial questionnaire focused on their relationship to chemistry. At the same time, the same pupils were also exposed to a test focused on chemistry curriculum corresponding to their level of education. The one-semester...

TITLE: Pupils's Skills in Biology AUTOR: Radka Čudová DEPARTMENT: Department of Biology and Environmental Studies SUPERVISOR: Doc. RNDr. Věra Čížková, CSc. ABSTRACT: The aim of this work is to create the structure and the categorization of primary and high school biological skills and find out the real condition of selected skills at student of particular school levels. In the theoretical part of the work, there was made a content analysis of selected world official school curricula and studies aimed at investigation the teaching of biology and the approaches to structuring of biological skills. In the practical part, there was established structured system of skills respecting inquiry-based science teaching (IBSE) based on the analysis and study of pedagogical-psychological literature. A questionnaire was made in a broader team of the project to which the thesis came under a survey which investigated the opinions and requirements of the skill level in biology of lower secondary (ISCED 2), secondary general (grammar) school teachers (ISCED 3) and academics. The results of this survey were used to create the test unit aimed at testing biological skills in four categories: A. Identification of biological problems and asking questions, B. Information searching and recording, C. Classification and process...

The thesis on "Critical places at the first stage of primary school in the teaching of mathematics by the Hejný method" focuses on the problematic places of the Hejný method, which make it difficult for teachers and especially their pupils at the first stage of primary schools. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the constructivist and transient educational style teaching of mathematics using the Hejný method are characterized. The critical points in mathematics identified in the project of the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic are also introduced and conceived into a unified structure. The theoretical part also includes an analysis of pupil solutions to mathematical tasks from the 2015 TIMSS international survey. The empirical part deals with the experience and view of primary school teachers in teaching mathematics by the Hejný method. The first research survey finds from future primary school teachers their experience and opinions on this method. The second research survey focuses on the identification of problematic places and roles in the teaching of mathematics by the Hejný method from the point of view of teachers who teach mathematics using the Hejný method at the first stage of primary schools. The questionnaire survey was carried out using the questionnaire method, which identifies...

Магистерская диссертация выполнена на 135 листах. Количество таблиц 24 (без приложений), рисунков 11 (без приложений), формул 10 (без приложений), источников 79, приложений 3. Цель исследования состоит в развитии методических основ исследования корпоративной социальной ответственности в качестве инструмента повышения уровня конкурентоспособности предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса. Задачи исследования: - изучить теоретические и методические вопросы формирования конкурентоспособности предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса; - исследовать специфические особенности реализации корпоративной социальной ответственности на предприятиях малого и среднего бизнеса и охарактеризовать такие практики в качестве инструмента повышения уровня конкурентоспособности; - разработать методику оценки влияния практик корпоративной социальной ответственности предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса на уровень их конкурентоспособности; - апробировать разработанную методику и определить направления ее возможного совершенствования. Новизна исследования состоит в следующих аспектах: - разработан концептуальный подход к исследованию корпоративной социальной ответственности как инструмента повышения конкурентоспособности предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса, включающий в себя: выделение наиболее значимых субъектов конкурентоспособности, на которых могут быть направлены практики корпоративной социальной ответственности; формирование набора экономико-статистических индикаторов, позволяющих оценивать влияние практик корпоративной социальной ответственности на конкурентоспособность предприятия в разрезе каждого выделенного субъекта; описание механизма (способа) воздействия практик корпоративной социальной ответственности на каждого выделенного субъекта конкурентоспособности; определение перечня возможных положительных эффектов, возникающих вследствие воздействия практик корпоративной социальной ответственности на каждого субъекта конкурентоспособности; формализацию процесса оценки положительных эффектов на базе статистических методов, что развивает инструментально-методические основы исследования конкурентоспособности и положения теории управления предприятием; - предложена методика исследования влияния практик корпоративной социальной ответственности, реализуемых в отношении сотрудников предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса, на уровень их конкурентоспособности, предполагающая выделение и систематизацию показателей, способов и эффектов от влияния таких практик на уровень конкурентоспособности; разработку инструментария исследования на основе анкетного опроса сотрудников; определение этапов и организационных параметров исследования, что позволяет получать количественные (статистические) оценки влияния таких практик на уровень конкурентоспособности и формировать информационно-аналитический базис обоснования необходимости более широкого внедрения корпоративной социальной ответственности на предприятиях малого и среднего бизнеса. Практическая значимость состоит в возможности применения разработанной методики предприятиями малого и среднего бизнеса для оценки степени влияния практик корпоративной социальной ответственности на уровень конкурентоспособности бизнеса, что создает информационно-аналитическую основу для принятия более эффективных управленческих решений и выработки эффективных стратегий и тактик дальнейшего развития предприятия. / The master's thesis is made on 132 sheets. The number of tables 23 (without appendices), figures 11 (without appendices), formulas 10 (without appendices), sources 79, appendices 3. The purpose of the study is to develop the methodological foundations of the study of corporate social responsibility as a tool for improving the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses. Objectives of the study: - to study the theoretical and methodological issues of forming the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses; - to study the specific features of the implementation of corporate social responsibility in small and medium-sized businesses and to characterize such practices as a tool for improving the level of competitiveness; - develop a methodology for assessing the impact of corporate social responsibility practices of small and medium-sized businesses on their competitiveness; - to test the developed methodology and determine the directions of its possible improvement. The novelty of the research consists in the following aspects: - developed a conceptual approach to the study of corporate social responsibility as a tool to enhance the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses, including: selection of the most important subjects of competitiveness, which can be directed to the practices of corporate social responsibility; the formation of a set of economic and statistical indicators to assess the impact of CSR practices on company competitiveness in the context of each selected entity; the description of the mechanism (ways) the impact of CSR practices on each selected entity competitiveness; the determination of the list of possible positive effects arising from the impact of CSR practices on every subject of competitiveness; the formalisation of the process of assessing the positive effects on the basis of statistical methods that develops instrumental and methodological basis of the study of competitiveness and the theory of enterprise management; - a methodology for studying the impact of corporate social responsibility practices implemented in relation to employees of small and medium-sized businesses on the level of their competitiveness is proposed, which involves the identification and systematization of indicators, methods and effects of the impact of such practices on the level of competitiveness; the development of research tools based on a questionnaire survey of employees; determination of the stages and organizational parameters of the study, which allows us to obtain quantitative (statistical) assessments of the impact of such practices on the level of competitiveness and to form an information and analytical basis for justifying the need for a broader introduction of corporate social responsibility in small and medium-sized businesses. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the developed methodology by small and medium-sized businesses to assess the degree of influence of corporate social responsibility practices on the level of business competitiveness, which creates an information and analytical basis for making more effective management decisions and developing effective strategies and tactics for further development of the enterprise.

Objective: Criminal liability for the sexual-transmission of HIV raises complex questions for both clinicians and service-users regarding their responsibilities and legal obligations to disclose information to others. This is the first research study to address the impact of these issues upon everyday clinical and professional management in the UK. The prevalence and incidence of clinical and HIV-legal issues reported by the 107 psychologists sampled are reported. Design: A cross-sectional approach comprising two components was utilised: Firstly, questionnaire survey (Response rate 22%) scoping the experiences of practice issues among psychologists from sexual-health and generic settings. Attitudes towards HIV-prosecutions and various measures of professional self-efficacy were also collected. Secondly, three focus groups (N=15) exploring the impact of practice issues upon clinicians’ likely confidentiality breaking behaviours. Methods: Clinical and legal issues are presented. Further statistical analyses explored the interaction of various demographic, clinical and attitudinal variables upon clinician’s perceived self-efficacy. Focus Group transcripts analysed using Thematic Analysis (Data-driven approach) with eight emergent themes. Results: Although no direct involvements in police investigations reported, two instances of psychology notes being subpoenaed plus multiple ‘near miss’ clinical experiences described. High proportions of sexual-health psychologists experienced HIV-clients disclosing problematic behaviours, including intentional transmission (9%; N=5) and/or ‘reckless’ behaviour (72%). Focus groups expressed high levels of anxiety regarding these scenarios associated to multiple influences (interpersonal, clinician, professional and service factors). Quantitative and qualitative results were triangulated to provide a detailed analysis of how psychologists manage the clinical impact of the issues. Conclusions: Psychologists broadly supported HIV-prosecutions for intentional transmission (81%) but only limited support around ‘reckless’ cases (44%), particularly among those sexual-health experienced. Those ‘critical’ attempted to mitigate the impact of legal issues by proactively raising awareness among HIV-clients and resisting overly-defensive service changes; whereas those ‘less-critical’ were more accepting. Clinical, training and therapeutic implications are briefly considered.

The basic theme of this work is characterization of the role of Special Educational Centre in the training of teaching staff educating pupils and children with autism spectrum disorder. Theoretical knowledge in the field of autism and education of individuals with disabilities is compared with the content of specific educational seminars and with questionnaire survey from its participants. The analysis of the survey documents and reflects the needs of teachers and it is the basis for the workshop design optimization as well. The result of the presented work emphasizes the need to professionally educate teachers in the field of autism.

台灣的經濟主要以外銷為導向，近年來因為中國大陸經濟崛起，隨著兩岸經濟的逐漸開放，供應商產業外移，無論傳統產業或高科技產業製造相關企業，西進中國大陸已成台灣產業發展主流，貿易商採用多角貿易進行各種不同商業活動方式早已發展為台灣企業從事國際多角貿易的交易模式，而現行稅務主管機關對傳統外銷之各項租稅規定、法令規範、稽徵程序、實務審核作業規範等，對於台灣產業國際多角貿易類型，產生許多租稅疑義。因此，本論文以問卷調查方法，探討台灣企業從事國際多角貿易面臨之租稅相關議題，以提出改進我國企業從事國際多角貿易之相關租稅規範建議，供政府主管機關參考。 　　本文的問卷結果顯示，國際多角貿易之營業比重在台灣產業已占有舉足輕重之地位，且超過50%受訪企業認為，公司從事國際多角貿易交易與傳統直接外銷，不論在經濟實質、權利義務或風險瑕疵責任歸屬，兩者均相同。有70%以上之受訪企業表示對現行加值型營業稅及營利事業所得稅，在適用上產生困擾。雖然，現行法令對於公司從事國際多角貿易交易收入有銷貨及勞務之區分，但本文的問卷結果顯示有超過80%以上受訪企業認為企業從事國際多角貿易交易的性質係屬銷貨行為，並希望財政部簡化現行對國際多角貿易交易之課稅規範。 　　本論文建議，要健全國際多角貿易課稅規範，消弭國際多角貿易之租稅疑議，首先，必須打破現行課稅法令對國際多角貿易區分由國內出貨或第三地出貨，依出貨地是否在中華民國境內而有不同認定之迷失。其次，對國際多角貿易之會計處理應回歸交易實質，不應藉由課稅之考量來左右會計基礎之入帳原則。最後，財政部應簡化現行對國際多角貿易之課稅規範，減少企業因複雜之課稅規定而將第三地出貨之多角貿易收入規避不列入台灣之營業收入。 / Taiwan's economy is primarily export-oriented. In recent years, because of the rise of economy in mainland China, with cross-strait economy liberalization and relocation of suppliers, both traditional and high technology industry businesses have been moving to mainland China as mainstream of Taiwan's industrial development. Multi-lateral transactions have been adopted by Taiwanese companies in engaging in various international business activities. However, tax laws and regulations, as well as assessment procedures adopted by Taiwan tax authorities, on multi-lateral business have triggered many tax disputes. Therefore, with surveys by questionnaires, this study aims to investigate into the relevant tax issues in the multi-lateral international trade of Taiwanese enterprises and propose suggestions for the tax authorities to improve Taiwan tax treatment on multi-lateral international trade. 　　The questionnaire results show that multi-lateral international trade has become a dominant business model in Taiwan industry, more than 50% of the respondents consider both multi-lateral international trade transactions and the traditional direct export are the same, with respect to economic substance, rights and obligations or liability risks of the transactions. More than 70% of the respondents indicate that they have encountered problems when applying to the existing value-added tax law and business income tax law. Although the existing reguations for companies engaging in multi-lateral international trade transactions classify such transactions into sales and services in their respective tax treatments, the questionnaire results show that more than 80% of the respondents consider such transactions should be all regarded as sales of goods, and urge the Ministry of Finance to simplify the existing taxation on such transactions. 　　This paper proposes the following suggestions to make taxation on multi-lateral international transactions more reasonable and enforceable. First of all, the existing taxation on multi-lateral international trade should not classify such transactions as domestic shipment or third place shipment solely by whether the shipping point is in the territory of Republic of China or not. Second, the accounting for international multi-lateral trade should reflect the substance of such transactions instead of following the tax law treatment. Third, the Ministry of Finance should simplify the existing tax treatment for multi-lateral international trade to prevent Taiwanese enterprises from under-reporting multi-lateral international trade revenues derived from third place shipment in filing Taiwan business income tax because of the complexity of the exitng tax regulations.

中華電信MOD是台灣目前最具規模的互動電視(IPTV)平台，全台已有68萬用戶，除了提供影片隨選（Video on demad）的服務之外，也積極發展其他類型的加值服務，本研究以中華電信MOD之「心靈開運網」算命服務為例，從中探討該服務使用族群的「使用動機」、「服務品質」、「顧客滿意度」、「顧客忠誠度」之間的相互關係，並研究使用動機與服務品質等因子中，何者影響使用族群的滿意度？希望這樣的研究結果日後可提供其他互動電視加值服務開發廠商參考。 本研究經量化研究的統計分析方法與質化研究的深度訪談法，對中華電信MOD加值服務「心靈開運網」算命服務使用族群發放電視問卷，以分析用戶的基本資料與使用行為，同時輔以深度訪談，綜合用戶調查資料、同業建議、MOD平台經營者等各方看法，對本算命服務發現與建議如下： 一.每個年齡層對算命內容的需求有明顯差異，可根據用戶常算的算命分類紀錄，提供客製化的首頁，以方便用戶選擇。 二.從用戶的算命記錄可看出用戶目前的需求，可以針對用戶的需求尋找異業結盟或廣告交換，如理財、婚顧、養生、交友等服務，以提高用戶滿意度。 三.人口統計變項(性別、年齡、教育、職業、收入)對於中華電信MOD加值服務「心靈開運網」之使用動機、服務品質、忠誠度、滿意度，除了學歷之外，並無顯著差異，可能表示不同人口統計變項，對於算命的喜好差異不大。 四.服務品質與滿意度的關連性，較使用動機與滿意度的關連性強，服務品質愈好，滿意度愈高。 五.服務品質對滿意度的影響很大，其中產品可靠度，也就是算命的準確度，將影響整個服務品質構面給用戶的感覺。 六.本算命服務對於個人隱私愈保護，用戶的再度使用意願會愈高，同時算命內容若讓用戶感覺能趨吉避凶，感覺安心，推薦給他人的機會就愈高。 關鍵詞：互動電視、IPTV、MOD、加值服務、心靈開運網、使用動機、資訊來源、服務品質、滿意度、忠誠度、電視問卷 / Abstract Chunghwa Telecom MOD is the most popular IPTV provider in Taiwan, which now has around 680,000 subscribers. In addition to providing video on demand services, Chunghwa Telecom MOD is also aggressively expanding other value-added-services (VAS). Using Chunghwa Telecom MOD's "Superfate" service as an example, this study tried to examine the relationships between “usage motivation”, “service quality”, “customer satisfaction”, and “customer loyalty”. Furthermore, we tried to investigate which of the following factors (e.g., usage motivation and service quality) has the greatest impact on “customer satisfaction”. We hope that the research outcome could provide some directions for other VAS developers of IPTV industry. Using both quantitative statistical analysis and qualitative in-depth interviews. We extensively surveyed different consumer groups of Chunghwa Telecom MOD's "Superfate" service in order to understand consumer profile and user behavior. At the same time, we also conducted in-depth interviews Based upon research outcomes from consumer surveys and key industry players interviews, we provide several recommendations to the "Superfate" service as follow: 1.Different age groups have different demands on fortune telling content. To make this service more user-friendly, we should customize the front page according to the record of the customers' most-frequently-visit fortune-telling categories. 2.Based on the usage records of each user, we can easily identify the associated services each customer might need. We can effectively increase customer satisfaction level by forming strategic alliance with other value-added-services, e.g. personal finance, match-making, wedding-planning, and health care related services. 3.Demographic variables (e.g., age, gender, occupation, and income) do not have a significantly different impact on usage motivation, service quality, customer loyalty, and satisfaction. Educational level is the exception. Our results imply that demographic differences do not significantly influence customers' preference on fortune-telling. 4.Service quality has a stronger influence on satisfaction level than usage motivation. The better the service quality, the more satisfied the users are. 5.Service quality has a strong influence on the level of customer satisfaction. Moreover, the reliability of the service, or the accuracy of the fortune-telling result, can greatly impact customers' perception of service quality. 6.Users are more willing to reuse this service when they feel their privacy is protected. Meanwhile, the user is more willing to recommend this service to others when they feel the fortune-telling results could help them approach the positive luck and avoid the negative fate. Keywords：Multimedia On Demand(MOD)、IPTV、value-added-services、Superfate、usage motivation、service quality、customer satisfaction、customer loyalty、TV questionnaire survey

Diploma work deals with current aspects of information systems in public administration. The thesis assesses impact of introduction of the data box system on effective communication in public administration and evaluates to what extend the data boxes are beneficial to citizens of this state. After definition of terms used in this field, first part of the work is focused on the e-Government project and its four pillars. Further, thesis evaluates effect of the e-Government project on reduction of administrative burden for businessmen and on the lives of citizens in the information society. The following part of the work highlights gaps in the legislation, which creates rules for the data box system and has got an immediate impact on the efficiency of their operation. The work also surveys effects of the data box system introduction on effective communication between state and local governments on the citizens of our country. Diploma work points out the problems of the data box system, analyses their causes and offers possible solutions.

The objective of this thesis is to increase the competitiveness of the company “Wine and other goodies” by creating new marketing strategies. For development of a new strategy I will start from analyzing of the current strategy. The work is divided into three main parts. The first part deals with the theoretical background, the second part focuses on the presentation and analysis of the current situation and the last so called „recommendation part” - formulates a draft of the marketing strategy to increase profits, gain new clients but also retain existing customers.