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My final work is about three basic types of prevention, which are used in the field of narcotic's prevention. It's mostly about secondary and tertiary prevention. Besides the basic terminology you can read about the details of differents preventions, who is responsible for it and also about the treatment of addictive behaviours. In my work you can also find the descriptions of legal and illegal narcotics, which excessive using leads to jones. The questions in the questionaire were created with a respect to the respondents - they are the clients of the mental treatment, who decided to help themselves (sometimes not for the first time).

Bakgrund: Den psykiska ohälsan ökar och är ett växande folkhälsoproblem med negativa konsekvenser för individ och samhälle. Den utgör den vanligaste orsaken till sjukskrivning. Naturunderstödd rehabilitering med kreativa trädgårdsaktiviteter har visat sig vara betydelsefull för personer med psykisk ohälsa och minskar sjukskrivningar. Arbetsterapeuters aktivitetsfokus ur ett holistiskt och dynamiskt perspektiv kan ge klienterna känsla av välbefinnande. Syfte: Belysa arbetsterapins betydelse i naturunderstödd rehabilitering för personer med stressrelaterade besvär. Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ design. Nio deltagare rekryterades genom ett typiskt urval. Datainsamlingen genomfördes med semistrukturerade intervjuer, utifrån en intervjuguide innehållande 15 frågor. Data analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys, vilket resulterade i tre domäner och sju kategorier. Resultat: Samtliga informanter nämnde värdet av meningsfulla aktiviteter. Det framkom dock att arbetsterapeuterna beskrev ytterligare en dimension av begreppet aktivitet utifrån dess betydelse. Verksamheter med arbetsterapeut tenderar ha fler antal timmar rehabilitering än de utan och deras arbete utgår från att behandla deltagarna. De verksamheter utan arbetsterapeut använde inga behandlande moment i rehabiliteringen. Slutsatser: Arbetsterapeutens perspektiv på aktivitet kunde urskiljas men övriga informanter hade också en god föreställning om aktivitetens betydelse i rehabiliteringen. Arbetsterapeutens kompetenser har ett kompletterande perspektiv i relation till andra professionerna, som är betydande för rehabiliteringen i NUR verksamheter. / Background: The mental health issue are increasing and is a growing problem for the society, which is followed by negative consequences for both the individual and the society. Mental health problems are the most common reason for sick leave. Nature-based rehabilitation with creative gardening has shown to be meaningful for people with mental health problems and is followed by a decreased sick leaving. Occupational therapist’s activity focus from a holistic and dynamic point of view that can give the client a feeling of well-being. Purpose: Enlighten the meaning of occupational therapy in nature-based rehabilitation for people with stress-related issues. Method: The study has a qualitative design. Nine participants were recruited by a typical selection. The data collection was made by semistructured interviews, which was made by a specific guide containing 15 questions. The data was analyzed with help from a qualitative content analysis which resulted in three domains and seven categories. Result: All the participants mentioned the meaning of meaningful activities. It appeared that the occupational therapists had an additional point of view and dimension of the concept activity and its meaning. Operations with occupational therapists tend to have more hours of rehabilitation than the operations without. Their work involves treating the participants. The operations without occupational therapist did not use any treating compliments in their rehabilitations.. Conclusion: The occupational therapist’s perspective on activity could be distinguished, but the other informants also had a good idea about the activities meaning in their rehabilitations. The occupational therapist’s qualifications have a complement perspective in a relation to other professionals, who has meaningful qualities for the rehabilitation in the NUR operations.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luisa.pdf: 853925 bytes, checksum: 7b1f07653d4afbf8c5ab44e3c4c18135 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Chronic venous insufficiency is characterized by an abnormal functioning of the venous system, in which the flow of arterial blood that reaches the lower limbs is greater than the flow of venous blood returning to heart. The blood accumulates in the lower limbs and generates venous hypertension, with consequent edema and skin changes. The objective was to create a simplified protocol of exercises physical to be performed at home, and subsequently evaluate the intervention in patients with chronic venous insufficiency ulcer vein. Method: Initially, we produced a simplified protocol of exercises, which could be easily understood and implemented by patients. In order to facilitate understanding and implementation, was produced a booklet to demonstrate the correct way to perform the exercises. Through a controlled clinical trial, we developed a pilot study evaluated 06 individuals, 03 in Group Experimental (GE) and 03 Control Group (CG). For 15 days, patients were submitted to the GE program of physical exercises performed at home, while the CG patients remained on conventional treatment only. Through the visual analogue scale, tape measure, goniometer, and SF-36 were evaluated, respectively, the pain and swelling in lower limbs, range of motion of the ankles and knees, and quality of life related to health, not being observed significant difference between groups in measured parameters. Conclusion: The protocol for conducting exercises at home was easily understood by all individuals in the GE, allowing the immediate execution of the planeed activity. Probably due to the small number of subjects evaluated and the short intervention period, there was no significant difference between groups. / A insuficiência venosa crônica caracteriza-se por um funcionamento anormal do sistema venoso, no qual o fluxo de sangue arterial que chega aos membros inferiores (MMII) é maior que o fluxo de sangue venoso que retorna ao coração. O sangue acumula-se nos membros inferiores e gera hipertensão venosa, com consequente edema e alterações de pele. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi criar um protocolo simplificado de exercícios físicos para execução domiciliar e, subsequentemente, avaliar a intervenção em pacientes com insuficiência venosa crônica e úlcera venosa. Método: Inicialmente foi produzido um protocolo simplificado de exercícios, que pudesse ser facilmente compreendido e executado pelos pacientes. No intuito de facilitar a compreensão e execução, foi produzida uma cartilha para demonstração da forma correta de executar os exercícios. Por meio de um ensaio clínico controlado, foi desenvolvido um estudo piloto no qual foram avaliados 06 indivíduos, 03 no Grupo Experimental (GE) e 03 no Grupo Controle (GC). Durante 15 dias, os pacientes do GE foram submetidos ao programa de exercícios físicos realizados em domicílio, enquanto os pacientes do GC permaneceram apenas no tratamento convencional. Por meio da escala visual analógica, fita métrica, goniômetro, e questionário SF-36, foram avaliados, respectivamente, a dor e edema em MMII, amplitude de movimento articular dos tornozelos e joelhos, e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, não sendo observada diferença significativa entre os grupos, nos parâmetros avaliados. Conclusão: O protocolo para realização de exercícios em domicílio foi facilmente compreendido por todos os indivíduos do GE, permitindo a imediata execução da atividade prevista. Provavelmente devido ao pequeno número de indivíduos avaliados e ao curto período de intervenção, não foi verificada diferença significativa entre os grupos.

The topic Needs of people addicted to drugs and alcohol to maintain succesful abstinence in aftercare was chosen. Aftercare is an important part of addiction treatment, but often overlooked and unused. The aim is to clarify the needs of abstinent persons addicted to alcohol and other non-alcohol drugs and their subsequent comparison. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the development of addiction, its diagnosis, description of drugs and treatments options. Chapters dealing with treatment are thoroughly discussed because of the individual usage during the treatment of addiction. Aftecare of addicted people and problems with relapse take place in this part of work. The second part deals with research focused on identifying the needs of addicted people to drugs and alcohol to maintain successful abstinence and their subsequent comparison. Clarifying of these needs can serve as a recommendation to other abstaining people or as a support to services in the system of aftercare to successful abstinence nowadays. KEYWORDS Addiction, addictive substances, drug addiction treatment, abstinence, relapse, aftercare for drug and alcohol rehab

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Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Designingenjörsstudenterna, Pedersen och Birkehag, på Högskolan i Skövde har i samarbete med hjälpmedelsföretaget Handicare AB arbetat med ett produktutvecklingsprojekt under våren 2012. Projektets syfte var att uppgradera företagets befintliga produkt QuickMove som är ett uppresning- och förflyttningshjälpmedel inom vården. Målet var att bibehålla QuickMoves funktioner och säkerhet samt skapa innovativa lösningar och minska transport- och tillverkningskostnader. Produktutvecklingsprocessen skedde iterativt och började med kundundersökningar i form av enkäter, intervjuer och fokusgrupper. Med hjälp av detta gjordes en kundkravsspecifikation som under hela projektet fanns nära till hands. Därefter påbörjades idégenereringen med hjälp av diverse kreativitetsmetoder. En fullskalig modell byggdes därefter i VP-rör och silvertejp. Utvärderingar och tester gjordes på modellen som därefter kunde vidareutvecklas och modelleras i programvaran SolidWorks. Hållfasthetsberäkningar, materialval, tillverkningsmetoder, formspråk, kostnader och ergonomi var områden som arbetades med och ett slutkoncept fastställdes. Resultatet bestod av ett uppgraderat hjälpmedel som fick namnet UpAway. Hjälpmedlets fraktvolym kommer att minska med 75 procent och produkten har färre antal delar jämfört med QuickMove. UpAways nya genomarbetade design och funktionella anpassningar kommer leda till fler nya användargrupper både inom Sverige och internationellt/globalt. Enligt studenternas bedömning har UpAway alla förutsättningar till en bredare marknad. / During the Spring of 2012 Pedersen and Birkehag, two product design engineering students at University of Skövde, carried out a product development project in cooperation with Handicare AB. The aim of the project was to upgrade QuickMove, the current standing-up and transfer aid used in health care and developed by Handicare. The goal of the project was to maintain the functions and safety features of QuickMove while creating new innovative solutions and lowering the transportation and manufacturing costs. The product development process was iterative and started with the research of customer requirements, which involved user studies and interviews. The customer requirements specification is based on customers’ needs and was used as guideline throughout the product development process. Ideas and concepts were generated with various creativity methods. A full scale model was built with VP-pipe and duct tape. Evaluations and tests were performed on the model and further developments were carried out. To analyze the result a visual model was built with the software SolidWorks. Strength of materials analyses, material selection, development, design, cost and ergonomics were all taken in consideration and a final concept was elaborated. The result was an upgraded aid named UpAway. This aid contains fewer parts than QuickMove and will reduce transportation volume by 75 percent. The newly developed design of UpAway, adapted to customers’ demands, will generate customers’ interest and according the students thus result in a broader market both in Sweden and worldwide.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Problem finns inom hälso- och sjukvårdens hantering av sjukskrivningsärenden och har visat sig vara extra stora inom primärvården. Många sjukskrivningar löper risk att bli långvariga, rehabiliteringsärenden drar ut på tiden och missförstånd uppstår mellan patienter och myndigheter samt myndigheter emellan. Mellan 1 september 2009 och 31 maj 2011 har man på Gotland bedrivit ett projekt med syfte att effektivisera sjukskrivningsprocessen med hjälp av Rehabkoordinator i primärvården. Denna studie utgör den kvalitativa utvärderingen utav projektet. Syftet med denna studie var att utvärdera om sjukskrivningsprocessen har underlättats för de samverkande aktörerna och för patienter efter inrättandet av Rehabkoordinator. Detta har genomförts genom en explorativ metod genom intervjuer och enkät.   I studien beskrivs och analyseras införandet av Rehabkoordinator som ett förbindelseorgan mellan primärvården, Försäkringskassan, Arbetsförmedlingen och socialtjänsten för bättre samordning kring patienter. Resultatet av studien visar att merparten av aktörerna upplever arbetsformen som positiv och gynnar samarbete och samordning vid arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering. Aktörerna upplever att processen, effektiviteten och kvalitén i arbetet runt patienten har förbättrats. Kommunikationen och samordningen mellan berörda aktörer har underlättats och den psykosociala arbetsmiljön har förbättrats även om det framgår att det är för lite resurser för rehabiliteringssamverkan.   Patienterna upplever det positivt med Rehabkoordinatorns stödjande, förmedlande och koordinerande insatser vilket ses vara en framgångsfaktor för patienten. Majoriteten känner att de blivit respektfullt bemötta, känt sig delaktiga i sin rehabilitering samt fått det stöd och den information som de behövde av Rehabkoordinatorn.   Studien visar också att merparten av aktörerna har funnit fungerande rutiner för sin arbetsform och samverkan. Kvarstående hinder tycks bero på framförallt organisatoriska faktorer som till exempel förankring av verksamheten i de samverkande organisationerna, kunskap och kommunikation om och mellan olika professioner och organisationer, samt incitament och legitimitet för deltagande i rehabiliteringssamverkan. / The identified problems within the health care management concerning cases of sickness have proven to be particularly severe in the area of primary care. A large number of sick leaves are at risk of being long term, cases of rehabilitation drags on, and misunderstandings occur both between authorities and patients, and authorities. Between 1 September 2009 and 31 May 2011 Gotland has pursued a project with the intention to streamline the process of sick leave with the help of a Rehab coordinator in primary care. This study is the qualitative evaluation of the project. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the process of sick leave have been facilitated both for the interacting actors and for the patients, after the establishment of the Rehab coordinator. This has been implemented through an exploratory approach through interviews and questionnaires.   This study describes and analyzes the introduction of a Rehab coordinator as a liaison body between primary care, social insurance, employment service and social services for a better coordination concerning the patients. The results of this study show that the majority of actors experience that the method is positive and benefits cooperation and coordination of vocational rehabilitation. The actors feel that the process, the efficiency and the quality of work around the patient has improved. The communication and coordination between actors have been facilitated and the psychosocial work environment has improved, although it is clear the there are not enough resources for the rehabilitation agreement.   The patients finds the support, the mediating and coordinating actions of the rehab coordinator positive, which is considered a factor of success to the patient. The majority feel they have been met with respect, felt involved in their rehabilitation and received the support and information they needed by the Rehab coordinator.    The study also shows that majority of the actors have found successful routines to support their method of work and collaboration. The remaining obstacle appeared to be particular organizational factors for example the anchoring of activities for the collaborating organizations, knowledge and communication about and between different professions and organizations, as well as incentives and legitimacy for participation in the rehabilitation agreement.