Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:12:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 francisco_mario_ribeiro_castro.pdf: 5466182 bytes, checksum: 1631b4b05f0a6efbcb00c2979780fd20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-31 / Our Lady Consolata Church is the holly place made by Saint Vincent s community in Boa Vista city, State of Roraima. This temple, built in 1983, by Consolata s missionaries helped by catholic folk who lives in the district where the church is situated, is the result of the many social cultural and religious processes for what this catholic community has passed by. This temple, considered the holly place, suffered actually a reform and reorganizational process of its space. Such process, besides modifying the ancient architecture of the temple, added new elements and symbols and redimensioned its space by giving to it a new architecture. This work has as objective to analyse this process of reform but mainly to reflect about the meaning of the symbols and icons which were added by the reform process. In this analyses we start from the principle which the temple is the most holly place into the Christian catholic experience and because this such place must have symbol elements for helping the communication between prayer believer and theirs worshipped the divine be. Therefore this reflection will be done by trying to understand the meaning of the geometrycal shapes of the temple and all icons in its interior side such as: Cristo Pantokrator, the cross, the mosaics of the altar and Virgin Consolata icon. To come true the analyses we used the qualitative search methodology by taking as investigative tools such elements: searches in archives and bibliographies, talking groups and interviews. All this search work made us to realize that the composition process of the social group of Saint Vincent Paul s district and of Our Lady Consolata Community were the result from several rights and wrongs that is also the result from exodus process which the people was submited (or submited themselves), printind this way, a particular character in that religious group. Understand itself, therefore, that to create a worship space, was the motivation for fighting for a life space too. And in these experiences the folk was descovering itself , it was raising roots and it was growing up as cultural social and religious group by conquering its territory, identity and suverving. Followed in this perspective, we can say that , in this case, the worship space become itself an essential factor, such as conquests expression as important tool in this historic process, result from their creativity and frequent re-meaning required by the life, maily, for a people which knew re-invent own culture and their symbols. / A Igreja Nossa Senhora Consolata é o espaço sagrado constituído pela comunidade do bairro São Vicente em Boa Vista, estado de Roraima. Este templo, construído no ano de 1983, pelos Missionários da Consolata, com a ajuda e colaboração dos fiéis da comunidade, é consequência dos múltiplos processos socioculturais e religioso pelos quais passou essa comunidade. Este templo, tido como o lugar sagrado, passou recentemente por um processo de reforma e adequação do seu espaço. Tal processo, além de modificar a antiga arquitetura do templo, inseriu novos elementos e símbolos e redimensionou seu espaço dando-lhe uma nova arquitetura. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar esse processo de reforma, mas principalmente refletir sobre o significado dos símbolos e ícones que aí foram introduzidos com a reforma. Nesta análise parte-se do princípio de que o templo é o espaço sagrado por excelência na experiência católica cristã e por isso, nele deve conter elementos simbólicos que ajudem a comunicação entre o fiel orante e o seu adorado o ser divino. Portanto, esta reflexão dar-se-á na tentativa de compreender o significado das formas geométricas do templo, bem como dos ícones ai expostos, a saber: o Cristo Pantokrator, a Cruz, os mosaicos do altar e o ícone da Virgem Consolata. Para a realização da mesma, nos utilizamos da metodologia da pesquisa qualitativa, nos apoiando em instrumentos como: pesquisas em arquivos e levantamentos bibliográficos, rodas de conversas e entrevistas. Todo esse trabalho de pesquisa nos fez constatar que o processo de construção do grupo social do bairro de São Vicente de Paulo e da comunidade Nossa Senhora Consolata foi fruto dos diversos encontros e desencontros que dos processos de êxodos ao qual o povo se submeteu (ou foi submetido), imprimindo, assim, um caráter particular naquele grupo religioso. Denota-se, portanto, que criar um espaço de culto, era a motivação para que também, se lutasse por um espaço de vida. E nessas experiências é que o povo foi se descobrindo, foi de sedentarizando e foi se estabelecendo como grupo cultural, social e religioso, garantindo assim, seu território, sua identidade e sua sobrevivência. Seguido nesta perspectiva, podemos dizer que nesse caso o espaço de culto torna-se um fator vital, tanto como expressão das conquistas, como instrumento importante nesse processo histórico, fruto de sua criatividade e ressignificação constante que a vida exige, principalmente, para um povo que soube reinventar a sua própria cultura e seus símbolos.

Theme of the thesis is a construction that is considered to be one of the most spectacular examples of a French gothic architecture. Notre-Dame Cathedral lies on the Eastern half of a Parisian island Île de la Cité on the river Seina. On April 15, 2019, roof of the cathedral caught on fire. It was completely destroyed, including its pinnacle. The thesis offers a solution how to restore the roof and what opportunities the new design brings. Aim of the proposal is enrichment of the Notre-Dame community through offering a new refuge, which will be for both, internal growth and spiritual practice itself. The design provides spaces that capture the path to God in them. I perceive the very path to God as a thorough inner work. That is why I am placing 36 contemplation booths in there, in addition to other 8 cabins. The light is removed from those, in order to extend the perception of consciousness. Spaces for individuals will be amended by 3 chapels for a group practice. Each chapel has its typical content - joint contemplation chapel, chapel that worships the Jesus Christ’s crown of thorns and a community chapel with a variable arrangement.

Les États latins d’Orient ont vu la création d’une société en Terre sainte développant un art syncrétique au carrefour des mondes latin, byzantin et arabe. Outre l’architecture religieuse et militaire, les manuscrits sont également les témoignages d’une culture levantine aux multiples influences. L’étude des œuvres croisées nous a montré une très nette augmentation de la production de manuscrits après le séjour de Louis IX au Proche Orient, ainsi qu’un changement dans la nature même des textes copiés. Les manuscrits liturgiques sont ainsi délaissés au profit de la littérature historique, telle l’Histoire Ancienne jusqu’à César. À partir d’un texte venu de Flandre, les nobles francs de Terre sainte et les enlumineurs à leur service ont recréé un cycle de miniatures pour inscrire leurs images dans la tradition multiculturelle croisée. Des partis-pris artistiques ont ainsi été mis au jour et définis comme des choix conscients visant à personnaliser les copies levantines et les inscrire dans une tradition de près de deux siècles : l’emprunt à différentes traditions artistiques, occidentales et orientales, pour la création des miniatures, la mise en lumière de héros liés à la Terre sainte ou aux Francs, et parfois la figuration de leur environnement oriental. Ces processus de personnalisation des images, replacés dans le contexte de la vie culturelle de Saint Jean d’Acre de la fin du XIIIe siècle, nous amènent à dépasser la constatation de phénomènes d’acculturation à leur milieu oriental pour évoquer, de la part des nobles francs de Terre sainte, une volonté d’affirmer visiblement leur identité sociale collective et leur double culture, entre Orient et Occident. / The Crusader States have created a society in the Holy Land developing a syncretic art at the crossroads of Latin, Byzantine and Arabic worlds. In addition to religious and military architecture, manuscripts are also evidences of a cosmopolitan Levantine culture. The study of Crusader Art has shown that the painting of manuscripts was revived at Acre in the early 1250’s, after Louis XI’s stay in the Middle East. Secular manuscripts written mostly in Old French became popular, as well as new historical literature. The most popular examples were the Histoire d’Outremer by William of Tyre and the Histoire Ancienne jusqu’à César. This illustrated text was first composed in France for Roger de Lille and brought to the Crusader East in the mid-thirteenth century. Frankish aristocracy and crusader illuminators have created a cycle of miniatures in order to integrate their images in the cosmopolitan Crusader Art. Artistic choices have then come to light and been defined as conscious choices to offer works that represent the best of the Frankish culture of Acre and integrate them in an almost two centuries old artistic tradition : the borrowing from Western and Oriental artistic traditions in order to create their miniatures, the revelation of heroes linked to the Holy Land and the Franks, and sometimes the representation of their Oriental environment. This process of personalization and multicultural content, set within the context of the cultural society of Saint Jean d’Acre at the end of the thirteenth century, are the evidences of the remarkable artistic acculturation of Frankish society in the Holy Land, at the crossroads of the West and the Near East.

The Christian church has been an inherent part of human continuity for more than thousand years. The external appearance of the Christian church has always reflected societal transformations as well as turning points in history. Moreover, it has become an integral part of our existence both in space and time. Nowadays, we frequently hear that the crisis of European society is in effect an identity crisis, an inability to ask about where we are heading and what the meaning of life is. The reduction of time givenness to the already limited scope of our own physical existence destroys the ability in a man to ask questions and find answers to them, or even enquire about the meaning and essence of things. The carefree, dispersed husk blown by the wind may seem to be free and independent; however, it has also stopped trying to actively find paths for future generations. One of the fundamental attributes of an architect should be a strong aptitude for synthetic thinking, which includes multiple knowledge of social cognition, i.e. in the currentness of present experience as well as in time. This knowledge should ideally help to identify the core of problem, and to define the general rules applicable, regardless of changes in social demand, trends or taste. This dissertation, concerned with the “change” of the Christian church, ought to provide a compact, effective platform based on a synthesis of all analytical findings in the areas of architecture, liturgy, history, and theology. This platform can be applied in architectural practice, education (both architectural and theological), pastorage, and other wide, well-researched social discourses on the current form of the Christian sacred space, its basis and likely future development. The emphasis should be put on individual interpretation of a target group rather than dogmatic interpretation of dramatic revelations. Therefore, the first half of the dissertation will analyse the theological and symbolic basis, and historic transformations. Whilst, the second half will depict the current approach to the creation of sacred space in both newly built churches and the ongoing conversions of existing spaces. In conclusion, the dissertation will debate the future direction of sacred space in post-Christian Europe.

[ES] La Investigación llevada a cabo, la desarrollamos sobre la Iglesia Parroquial de San Lorenzo de Alberic, partiendo de unos restos encontrados en una reforma de los años ochenta del siglo pasado. Hemos utilizado la técnica del levantamiento mediante escáner láser en algunos de los edificios, y en otros el levantamiento manual, mediante medición directa para posteriormente proceder a su estudio. Para poder llevar a cabo la investigación la hemos encuadrado en la época histórica en que se llevó a cabo la construcción del templo cristiano en Alberic, sobre la mezquita existente con anterioridad, añadiendo diferentes hipótesis que refuerzan nuestra propuesta. La época histórica, a la que dedicamos también nuestra investigación, será la comprendida entre el año 1489, fecha en que el Cardenal Pedro González de Mendoza adquiere la baronía de Alberic, junto con la población de Ayora en el Reino de Valencia, y cerraremos el período histórico estudiado en el año 1554, fecha en la que muere Mencía de Mendoza, nieta del Cardenal, y que debido a su falta de descendencia, sus posesiones pasarán a su hermana María de Mendoza, casada con el Duque del Infantado, y a partir de éste momento la baronía de Alberic y Ayora, así como todas las posesiones que poseía el Marqués de Zenete, pasarán a formar parte de esta casa nobiliaria. Como podremos ver a lo largo de la investigación, lo que en principio hemos tratado como un edificio local, veremos que debido a las diferentes personalidades, adquiere relevancia internacional, tanto el Cardenal como su hijo primogénito Rodrigo de Mendoza, y finalmente su nieta, mantendrán relacio-nes a nivel internacional, con diferentes Reyes, Papas y también se vincularán familiarmente con nobles que vendrán junto al Emperador Carlos desde Flandes. En concreto el Conde Enrique III de Nassau, que casará con Mencía, y que durante nuestra investigación hemos podido comprobar que fue el promotor de los templos religiosos de la baronía de Alberic, que comprende en ésa época los núcleos de población de Alcocer, Alàsquer, Gavarda, Benifaraig, y algu-nos más con menor población. Además veremos que dada la importancia de esta familia, serán unos mecenas en las artes, abarcando desde la pintura hasta la arquitectura, y siendo los introductores del Renacimiento en los diferentes reinos de la Peninsula Ibérica, trasladando su influencia hasta los Países Bajos. Junto con el apartado histórico, estudiamos los diferentes templos parroquiales que bajo nuestro criterio pueden estar relacionados, influidos, o levantados en época similar o me-diante los mismos maestros, de manera que mediante la comparación, podamos arrojar luz, sobre ese primer edificio religioso cristiano, levantado sobre la mezquita existente en la población de Alberic, durante el siglo XVI. / [CA] La Investigació portada a terme, la desenvolupem sobre l'Església Parroquial de Sant Llorenç d'Alberic, partint d'unes restes trobades en una reforma dels anys 80 del segle passat. Hem utilitzat la tècnica de l'aixecament, mitjançant escàner làser en alguns dels edificis, i en uns altres l'aixecament manual, mitjançant mesurament directe per a posteriorment procedir al seu estudi. Per a poder dur a terme la investigació l'hem enquadrada en l'època històrica en què es va dur a terme la construcció del temple cristià a Alberic, sobre la mesquita existent amb ante-rioritat, afegint diferents hipòtesis que reforcen la nostra proposta. L'època històrica, a la qual dediquem també la nostra investigació, serà la compresa entre l'any 1489, data en què el Cardenal Pedro González de Mendoza adquireix la baronia d'Al-beric, juntament amb la població d'Aiora en el Regne de València, i tancarem el període històric estudiat l'any 1554, data en la qual mor Mencía de Mendoza, néta del Cardenal, i que a causa de la seua falta de descendència, les seues possessions passaran a la seua germana María de Mendoza, ca-sada amb el Duc del Infantado, i a partir d'aquest moment la baronia d'Alberic i Aiora, així com totes les possessions que posseïa el Marquès de Zenete, passaran a formar part d'a-questa casa nobiliària. Com podrem veure al llarg de la investigació, lo que en principi hem tractat com un edifici local, veurem que a causa de les diferents personalitats, adquireix rellevància internacional, tant el Cardenal com el seu fill primogènit Rodrigo de Mendoza, i finalment la seua néta, mantindran relacions a nivell in-ternacional, amb diferents reis, papes i també es vincularan familiarment amb nobles que vindran al costat de l'Emperador Carles des de Flandes. En concret el Comte Enric III de Nassau, que casarà amb Mencía, i que durant la nostra investigació hem pogut compro-var que va ser el promotor dels temples religiosos de la baro-nia d'Alberic, que comprèn en aquesta època els nuclis de població de Alcosser, Alàsquer, Gavarda, Benifaraig, i alguns més amb menor població. A més veurem que donada la importància d'aquesta família, seran uns mecenes en les arts, abastant des de la pintura fins a l'arquitectura, i sent els introductors del Renaixement en els diferents regnes de la Peninsula Ibèrica, traslladant la seua influència fins als Països Baixos. Juntament amb l'apartat històric, estudiem els diferents tem-ples parroquials que sota el nostre criteri poden estar relacio-nats, influïts, o alçats en època similar o mitjançant els ma-teixos mestres, de manera que mitjançant la comparació, puguem llançar llum, sobre aqueix primer edifici religiós cristià, construït sobre la mesquita existent en la població d'Alberic, durant el Segle XVI. / [EN] The research carried out, we developed from the Parish Church of San Lorenzo de Alberic, starting from a few remains found in a reform of the 80s the last century. We have used the lifting technique by means of laser scanner in some of the buildings, and in others the manual survey, by means of direct measurement to later proceed to its study. In order to carry out the research we have framed it in the historical epoch in which the construction of the Christian temple was carried out in Alberic, on the existing mosque previ-ously, adding different hypotheses that reinforce our proposal. The historical epoch, to which we also dedicate our research, will be that between the year 1489, the date on which Cardinal Pedro González de Mendoza acquired the barony of Alberic, together with the town of Ayora in the Kingdom of Valencia, and we will close the historical period studied in the year 1554, date in which Mencía de Mendoza dies, granddaughter of the Cardinal, and that due to his lack of offspring, his possessions will pass to his sister María de Mendoza, married to the Duque del Infantado, From this moment the barony of Alberic and Ayora, as well as all the possessions that the Mar-quis of Zenete possessed, will become part of this noble house. As we can see throughout the investigation, what we have originally treated as a local building, we will see that due to the different personalities, the Cardinal and his first-born son Rodrigo de Mendoza acquire international relevance, and finally his granddaughter , they will maintain relations at the interna-tional level, with different Kings, and will also be linked famil-iarly with nobles who will come with Emperor Carlos de Flan-des. In particular Count Henry III of Nassau, who will marry Mencía, and during our research we have seen that he was the promoter of the religious temples of the barony of Alberic, which comprises at that time the population centers of Alcocer, Alàsquer, Gavarda, Benifaraig, and some more with smaller popula-tion. In addition we will see that given the importance of this family, they will be patrons in the arts, ranging from painting to architecture, and being the initiators of the Renaissance in the different kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula, transferring their in-fluence to the Netherlands. Along with the historical section, we study the different parochial temples that under our criterion may be related, influenced, or raised in a similar time or by the same teachers, so that by comparison, we can shed light on that first Christian religious edifice, raised on the existing mosque in the town of Alberic, during the sixteenth century. / Torres Caballero, A. (2021). Los primeros Templos Renacentistas en la Ribera Alta del Júcar, S. XVI. El primitivo templo parroquial de San Lorenzo de Alberic [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/168449

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CesarSartorelli.pdf: 82712403 bytes, checksum: 53117bf040d047558c5f13fe79e7bff9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Overall this sciences of religions essay is about architecture and art, but mainly its object is to treat specifically the fields wich refer to both the construction of religious spaces, and the hole art contained inside them and rised from them as well. These fields encircle painting, sculpture and, in addition, furniture and special pieces designed for the indoor spaces. More specifically, this essay also builts and reports its reflections based on the contemporary christian artwork and architectural spaces, produced and projected by artist and vernacular architect Claudio Pastro. The analysis in this essay approaches Pastro's biography through his unique process of working and criating, as a painter, pictorial artist, architect and sacred art expert. The second chapter explores Pastro's conceptions between sacred art and religious art, which are indeed different: each conception is clearly refeared, explained, discussed, compared to the other ones, and looked over through the eyes of Mircea Eliade's and Rudolf Otto's fenomenology. Still in the field of the Teology of the Art, the thinking of Romano Guardini about the sacred and the religious is also shown. In the third chapter we have a timeline brief of the history of art and sacred architecture, the bases of Pastro's work; then, a comparative study between his conception about the modern project related to the architecture and the vanguard arts. We also comment some brazilian architects projects, wich he admire and influenced him. Furthermore we comment the II Council of the Vatican and its propositions of liturgical renewal, wich led to the renew of sacred architeture and art, home of Pastro's realm of inspiration and concepts. We end with the analysis and critical reviewing of nine of his chapels and churches already built. In the conclusion, we comment the repercussion of Claudio Pastro's works, and the importance of his figure within the brazilian artistic and architectural panorama, as well as the concerns and limits of his concepts. Alongside with these questions, we leave to open minds some other further questions to be treated, about the relationships between art and religion, and art and the sacred. / Este trabalho em ciências da religião trata de arte e arquitetura, num campo especializado de ambas, que é a construção de espaços religiosos e a arte que nele se insere, abrangendo pintura, escultura, e o design de peças e mobiliário de seu interior. Mais especificamente estaremos tratando de arte e arquitetura sacras cristãs, contemporâneas, através da obra do artista sacro e arquiteto vernacular Claudio Pastro. A análise se inicia através de sua biografia e desenvolvimento de processo de trabalho, como artista plástico, gráfico, arquiteto vernacular e estudioso de arte sacra e espaço litúrgico. A seguir suas concepções, que colocam uma diferenciação entre arte sacra e arte religiosa, serão explicadas e discutidas, observadas através da fenomenologia de Mircea Eliade e Rudolf Otto. No âmbito da Teologia da Arte também exporemos o pensamento de Romano Guardini, citado como fonte dos conceitos de Claudio Pastro sobre sagrado e religioso. No terceiro capítulo fazemos um breve histórico da história da arte e arquitetura sacras, sobre o qual se apoia seu trabalho, acrescido de um estudo comparativo de sua concepção de arquitetura em relação ao projeto moderno , e com as vanguardas artísticas em artes plásticas. Comentamos também alguns projetos de arquitetos brasileiros que o influenciaram e que admira. De dentro da Igreja trataremos do Concílio Vaticano II e suas propostas de renovação litúrgica, que implicaram em renovações na arte e arquitetura sacras, a qual se filia Claudio Pastro. Encerramos com a análise e crítica de nove projetos de capelas e igrejas por ele realizados. Na conclusão situamos a repercussão de seus trabalhos e seu papel dentro da arte e arquitetura sacras católicas brasileiras, na prática, assim como a pertinência e limites de suas concepções e conceitos. No questionamento destes conceitos e concepções situamos questões em aberto, pertinentes à relação entre arte e religião, arte e o sagrado.