Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения, списка литературы и приложений. В работе рассмотрены теоретико-прикладные аспекты ревитализации промышленных территорий в России и в зарубежных странах. Проведены территориально-практические исследования процессов редевелопмента промышленных территорий, изучены и сравнены между собой различные методики девелопмента, механизм государственно-частного партнерства, разработано финансово-экономическое обоснование девелоперского проекта по ревитализации промышленной территории в социальную инфраструктуру в Екатеринбурге. В результате работы рассчитаны показатели экономической эффективности проекта, отображены основные выводы исследования. / The master's thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion, a list of references and appendices. The paper considers theoretical and applied aspects of the revitalization of industrial territories in Russia and in foreign countries. Territorial and practical studies of the processes of redevelopment of industrial territories were carried out, various methods of development, the mechanism of public-private partnership were studied and compared with each other, a financial and economic justification of a development project for the revitalization of an industrial territory into a social infrastructure in Yekaterinburg was developed. As a result of the work, the indicators of the economic efficiency of the project are calculated, the main conclusions of the study are displayed.

<p dir="ltr">Restoration of civil infrastructure is <b>not</b> equivalent to the full recovery of a community from natural hazards. Considering the recovery of only civil infrastructure in quantifying the disaster recovery of a community does not allow for capturing the long-term socio-economic impacts of natural hazards (e.g., stress, anxiety, unemployment, etc.). The role of having a robust social infrastructure in facilitating disaster recovery and addressing both short-term and long-term impacts of natural hazards needs to be explored. Social infrastructure is defined as formal entities (e.g., governmental organizations, community centers, NGOs, religious centers, etc.) as well as informal social ties such as individuals and households that assist in post-disaster recovery and alleviate the distress caused by natural hazards. Social infrastructure not only addresses post-disaster tangible needs such as shelter, food, and water but also helps alleviate disaster-induced socio-economic distress in communities.</p><p dir="ltr">This research focuses on identifying the capacity needs of the social infrastructure to facilitate disaster recovery (measured using community well-being as the recovery metric), while integrating the cascading impacts from other affected inter-dependent infrastructure systems (i.e., civil, civic, cyber, financial, environmental, and educational). Using community well-being, which is defined as the state in which the needs of a community are fulfilled, allows for incorporating both short-term and long-term impacts of natural hazards.</p><p dir="ltr">The research starts with modeling post-disaster community well-being using the indicators selected from existing community well-being models. After the selection of indicators, several data sources such as phone call, survey, and FEMA support programs data were used to 1) verify the structure of the community well-being model, and 2) quantify post-disaster community well-being. Chapter 3 elaborates on this process and its outcome, which is a framework for quantifying post-disaster community well-being based on disaster helpline and survey data.</p><p dir="ltr">Chapter 4 introduces a Bayesian Network<b> </b>modeling framework for quantifying the role of social infrastructure services in the form tangible, emotional, and informational support in enhancing post-disaster community well-being. The Bayesian model was then used to propose capacity building strategies for increasing the robustness of social infrastructure and its supporting infrastructure to foster post-disaster community well-being in the face of future hurricanes.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Intellectual Merit</b>: the proposed research is unique in its kind as it leverages social and psychological well-being models and theories to characterize the role of social infrastructure in the recovery of communities from natural disasters. The research contributes to infrastructure and urban resilience models by considering the role of social infrastructure services using community well-being as the recovery metric. It also contributes to social sciences by introducing 2-1-1 disaster helpline data as an inexpensive and timely replacement for multiple rounds of survey questionnaires for quantifying community well-being.</p><p dir="ltr"><b>Broader Impacts</b>: the proposed model and the obtained results can serve as an Ex-Ante Capacity building tool for decision-makers to predict the status of communities in the face of future natural hazards and propose capacity building strategies to have higher post-disaster support, and thereby, community well-being.<br></p><p dir="ltr"><br></p>

A ausência de investimentos em políticas habitacionais nas décadas passadas, aliada ao crescimento demográfico e às deficiências estruturais dos domicílios, eleva a grandes patamares a demanda por habitação nos estratos mais pobres da população o que evidencia a necessidade de intervenção do Estado. A presente dissertação, ao focalizar a Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS), representada especialmente pela faixa 1 do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV), considera a política habitacional como integrante de um sistema maior de proteção social e que busca garantir o direito social à moradia, conforme assegurado pela Constituição Federal de 1988. A faixa em referência, atendida por meio do Fundo de Arrendamento Residencial (FAR), é a parte do Programa que fornece o maior percentual de subsídios e atende àquelas pessoas que não teriam acesso à moradia caso não contassem com o suporte governamental. Com base nessa realidade, esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo principal analisar as formas de articulação do PMCMV-FAR com outras estratégias de intervenção urbana no nível municipal e investigar se, e como, o Programa exerce influência na provisão de equipamentos públicos complementares à habitação. Para tanto foi utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa, com o estudo de caso comparativo entre os municípios de Guarulhos e Itaquaquecetuba. O objetivo estabelecido pode ser justificado pela relevância do tema para a redução da vulnerabilidade social, pelo destaque que vem ocupando na agenda pública e por lacunas identificadas na literatura e, consequentemente, possibilidade de contribuição ao debate já existente e ao avanço do conhecimento. A perspectiva teórica utilizada é ao mesmo tempo histórica e sociológica e busca nas teorias da implementação uma complementariedade das perspectivas top down e bottom up para o desenvolvimento do estudo comparativo. Com a perspectiva top down foram consideradas as diretrizes, instrumentos e recursos direcionados ao programa, como é próprio de uma política de formulação federal cuja implementação se dá no âmbito municipal. Já a perspectiva bottom up serviu de base para a investigação das realidades municipais na implementação da política, das adaptações observadas (ou não) aos contextos locais, das formas de constituição e articulação das relações entre as diversas organizações e atores envolvidos e compreensão dos modos de articulação existentes (ou não) entre o PMCMV-FAR e outras estratégias de desenvolvimento urbano. Após a investigação realizada nos municípios selecionados, foram identificados desafios específicos à provisão de infraestrutura social associada à provisão de moradia com a falta de efetividade de alguns dos instrumentos estabelecidos pelo governo federal. Apesar das diferentes características e realidades históricas dos municípios estudados, foi possível observar limitações semelhantes em alguns dos aspectos da implementação do Programa / The lack of investments in housing policies in the past decades, combined with the demographic growth and structural housing deficiencies, rose greatly the demand for dwellings of the needy population, which shows the need of government intervention. This dissertation, by especially focusing on families from the lowest income group of the Housing Program Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV) considers the housing policy as part of a larger social protection system that seeks to ensure the social right to housing, as assured by the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988. The part of the program studied, served through the Residential Leasing Fund (Fundo de Arrendamento Residencial - FAR), is the one that provides the highest percentage of subsidies and serves those people who would not have access to housing if they could not count on the government support. Based on this reality, the main objective of this Masters dissertation is to analyze the forms of articulation of the PMCMV-FAR with other strategies of urban intervention at the municipal level and to investigate if and how the Program exerts influence in the provision of complementary public equipments for housing. Therefore, a qualitative approach was used, with a comparative case study between the cities of Guarulhos and Itaquaquecetuba. The established objective can be justified by the relevance of the theme to the reduction of social vulnerability, by its prominent place on the public agenda and by gaps identified in the literature and, consequently, the possibility of contributing to the already existing debate and the advancement of knowledge. The theoretical perspective used is both historical and sociological and seeks in the implementation theories a complementarity of the top down and bottom up perspectives for the development of the comparative study. With the top down perspective, the guidelines, instruments and resources directed to the program were considered, as it is characteristic of a federal formulation policy whose implementation occurs at the municipal level. On the other hand, the bottom up perspective has served as a basis for the investigation of municipal realities in the policy implementation, adaptations observed (or not) to local contexts, forms of the relations constitution and articulation between the several organizations and actors involved and understand the forms of articulation between PMCMVFAR and other urban development strategies exist (or not). After the research carried out in the selected cities, specific challenges were identified for the provision of social infrastructure associated with the provision of housing with the lack of effectiveness of some of the instruments established by the federal government. Despite the different characteristics and historical realities of the cities studied, it was possible to observe similar limitations in some aspects of the Program implementation

A ausência de investimentos em políticas habitacionais nas décadas passadas, aliada ao crescimento demográfico e às deficiências estruturais dos domicílios, eleva a grandes patamares a demanda por habitação nos estratos mais pobres da população o que evidencia a necessidade de intervenção do Estado. A presente dissertação, ao focalizar a Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS), representada especialmente pela faixa 1 do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV), considera a política habitacional como integrante de um sistema maior de proteção social e que busca garantir o direito social à moradia, conforme assegurado pela Constituição Federal de 1988. A faixa em referência, atendida por meio do Fundo de Arrendamento Residencial (FAR), é a parte do Programa que fornece o maior percentual de subsídios e atende àquelas pessoas que não teriam acesso à moradia caso não contassem com o suporte governamental. Com base nessa realidade, esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo principal analisar as formas de articulação do PMCMV-FAR com outras estratégias de intervenção urbana no nível municipal e investigar se, e como, o Programa exerce influência na provisão de equipamentos públicos complementares à habitação. Para tanto foi utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa, com o estudo de caso comparativo entre os municípios de Guarulhos e Itaquaquecetuba. O objetivo estabelecido pode ser justificado pela relevância do tema para a redução da vulnerabilidade social, pelo destaque que vem ocupando na agenda pública e por lacunas identificadas na literatura e, consequentemente, possibilidade de contribuição ao debate já existente e ao avanço do conhecimento. A perspectiva teórica utilizada é ao mesmo tempo histórica e sociológica e busca nas teorias da implementação uma complementariedade das perspectivas top down e bottom up para o desenvolvimento do estudo comparativo. Com a perspectiva top down foram consideradas as diretrizes, instrumentos e recursos direcionados ao programa, como é próprio de uma política de formulação federal cuja implementação se dá no âmbito municipal. Já a perspectiva bottom up serviu de base para a investigação das realidades municipais na implementação da política, das adaptações observadas (ou não) aos contextos locais, das formas de constituição e articulação das relações entre as diversas organizações e atores envolvidos e compreensão dos modos de articulação existentes (ou não) entre o PMCMV-FAR e outras estratégias de desenvolvimento urbano. Após a investigação realizada nos municípios selecionados, foram identificados desafios específicos à provisão de infraestrutura social associada à provisão de moradia com a falta de efetividade de alguns dos instrumentos estabelecidos pelo governo federal. Apesar das diferentes características e realidades históricas dos municípios estudados, foi possível observar limitações semelhantes em alguns dos aspectos da implementação do Programa / The lack of investments in housing policies in the past decades, combined with the demographic growth and structural housing deficiencies, rose greatly the demand for dwellings of the needy population, which shows the need of government intervention. This dissertation, by especially focusing on families from the lowest income group of the Housing Program Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV) considers the housing policy as part of a larger social protection system that seeks to ensure the social right to housing, as assured by the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988. The part of the program studied, served through the Residential Leasing Fund (Fundo de Arrendamento Residencial - FAR), is the one that provides the highest percentage of subsidies and serves those people who would not have access to housing if they could not count on the government support. Based on this reality, the main objective of this Masters dissertation is to analyze the forms of articulation of the PMCMV-FAR with other strategies of urban intervention at the municipal level and to investigate if and how the Program exerts influence in the provision of complementary public equipments for housing. Therefore, a qualitative approach was used, with a comparative case study between the cities of Guarulhos and Itaquaquecetuba. The established objective can be justified by the relevance of the theme to the reduction of social vulnerability, by its prominent place on the public agenda and by gaps identified in the literature and, consequently, the possibility of contributing to the already existing debate and the advancement of knowledge. The theoretical perspective used is both historical and sociological and seeks in the implementation theories a complementarity of the top down and bottom up perspectives for the development of the comparative study. With the top down perspective, the guidelines, instruments and resources directed to the program were considered, as it is characteristic of a federal formulation policy whose implementation occurs at the municipal level. On the other hand, the bottom up perspective has served as a basis for the investigation of municipal realities in the policy implementation, adaptations observed (or not) to local contexts, forms of the relations constitution and articulation between the several organizations and actors involved and understand the forms of articulation between PMCMVFAR and other urban development strategies exist (or not). After the research carried out in the selected cities, specific challenges were identified for the provision of social infrastructure associated with the provision of housing with the lack of effectiveness of some of the instruments established by the federal government. Despite the different characteristics and historical realities of the cities studied, it was possible to observe similar limitations in some aspects of the Program implementation

Submitted by Bruno da Costa Lucas Rodrigues (brunor270@gmail.com) on 2016-01-18T08:25:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Bruno Versão Final.pdf: 5963363 bytes, checksum: 8b1e0b7a0e8f5ae54f6183d793e06876 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2016-02-01T19:28:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Bruno Versão Final.pdf: 5963363 bytes, checksum: 8b1e0b7a0e8f5ae54f6183d793e06876 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2016-02-11T13:08:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Bruno Versão Final.pdf: 5963363 bytes, checksum: 8b1e0b7a0e8f5ae54f6183d793e06876 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-11T13:08:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Bruno Versão Final.pdf: 5963363 bytes, checksum: 8b1e0b7a0e8f5ae54f6183d793e06876 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-16 / School Infrastructure Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) are being increasingly used over the globe. However, the literature that analyzes the role and impact of PPP models in education is still incipient. The present study aims to contribute to the literature investigating the impact of a school infrastructure PPP contract used in municipal schools in Belo Horizonte. The methodology was based in the comparison of 46 schools under two models, being 27 schools under a PPP model and 19 schools built and operated under traditional public procurement model. The results show that the time to build schools under the PPP Model is 45% shorter and that 79% of the schools under traditional model were delivered out of the contracted term of 13 months, while all PPP units were delivered below this time. In the same vain, the satisfaction level regarding maintenance services is substantially higher under PPP than under traditional model. Specifically in relation to IT services it was not observed positive results for PPPs. Finally, principals in PPP schools have 25% more time to focus on pedagogical activities, as they spend less time with the management of non- pedagogical services. One limitation of this study is not to provide a comparative analysis between the two models in terms of costs. This study aims to contribute to the improvement of PPP regulatory models used in the education and to the discussion of the role that could be played by PPPs in the reduction of school infrastructure deficit. / As Parcerias Público-Privadas (PPP) de infraestrutura escolar são cada vez mais utilizadas no mundo, entretanto as avaliações de impacto desse modelo ainda são escassas. O presente estudo contribui para essa área do conhecimento ao avaliar o impacto da utilização de PPP tanto na construção como na operação das Unidades Municipais de Educação Infantil (UMEIs) de Belo Horizonte (BH). A metodologia de pesquisa foi baseada na comparação de 46 UMEIs, sendo 27 unidades de PPP e 19 unidades construídas e operadas no modelo tradicional de contratação pública. Em relação ao impacto na construção, os principais resultados são que o tempo de obra das unidades de PPP foi 45% menor e que 79% das unidades tradicionais foram entregues fora do prazo contratado de 13 meses, enquanto que nenhuma PPP foi entregue acima deste prazo. Além disso, a PPP permitiu aumentar a escala na construção das UMEIs, superando as limitações do modelo tradicional. Dentre as principais evidências encontradas quanto ao impacto na operação, pode-se citar que os diretores de unidades de PPP afirmam ter 25% mais tempo para focar nas atividades pedagógicas, pois gastam menos tempo na gestão dos serviços não pedagógicos, e que o grau de satisfação com os serviços de manutenção das instalações físicas é substancialmente maior nessas unidades. Os resultados positivos para PPP só não apareceram em relação aos serviços de manutenção de TI. Uma limitação deste trabalho foi não conseguir realizar a comparação de custos das duas modalidades. O estudo pretende contribuir para o aprimoramento dos modelos regulatórios de PPPs em educação e para a discussão sobre o papel que pode ser desempenhado pelas PPPs na redução do déficit de infraestrutura escolar.

A majority of the South African population live in poverty, particularly those in rural areas. During the year 2009, the South African government identified rural development as a key priority area in socio-economic issues and the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform was created to focus specifically on this issue. This was followed by the development of the Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP). The CRDP is a government policy on rural development. The main focus of the programme is on agrarian transformation and land reform as pillars of rural development, alongside infrastructure provision such as housing, energy, sanitation, schools, clinics, boreholes and water reticulation system in rural areas. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to assess the socio-economic impacts of the Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP). The study used Muyexe village in Greater Giyani Local Municipality as a case study. The objectives of the study included assessing challenges facing the Muyexe village, such as provision of basic services, job creation, skills development and public amenities. The first phase of the literature review focused on the definitions of rural development, rural development theories, development challenges and approaches on rural development. The second phase of the literature review further explored the developmental challenges for rural areas in South Africa since 1994. For this study, the researcher collected the primary data by making use of face to face interviews, while secondary data was gathered from the compiled frameworks, policies, reports of government departments, books, journals, conference papers, proceedings, presentations and the internet. The findings showed that a lot still needs to be done with regards to the development of infrastructure such as road, transport and adequate access to basic services. It was also found that the unemployment rate in the area is a serious concern. It was raised that most of the jobs that were created were only on a short term basis, with lower wages. While the enterprises and cooperatives established were struggling with vii production and generating income. The recommendations intending to strengthen the implementation of rural development initiatives such as the Comprehensive Rural Development Programme to have a better model of addressing rural development that will yield tangible results of sustainable development were also provided / Geography / M. Sc. (Geography)

Cities are highly unequal systems and rapid, top-down development is increasingly causing segregation between people of different socio-economic statuses through gentrification. In response, a bottom-up, more community centred approach is often proposed, yet this method also not without significant issues. In this thesis I investigate the role of the designer as a mediator, facilitator and translator between the top-down and bottom-up approaches to urban development. Using Grønland, Oslo as a case study, I start by gathering high-level research in order to understand the large-scale strategies that the municipality and private developers have for the area. In the second section, I undertake on-the-ground research in order to understand the everyday issues that people who live in, or use, the area face. In the final section I propose a research laboratory and makerspace that can activate the local community, providing the resources in order for everyday people to be able to have a positive impact on their city, in addition to gathering long-term, in-depth research on the area in order to influence the future of Grønland. This thesis is written as a working document that can, and should, be used by a wide range of people, from the municipality to local residents, and is designed to be added to as the project develops.