<p>U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja uticaja etiĉnog pona&scaron;anja lidera (EL) na pojedine individu- alne i organizacione performanse, u preduzećima u Srbiji. Konkretno, istraživanje obuhvata ispitivanje uticaja etiĉnog pona&scaron;anja lidera (EL) na zadovolj- stvo poslom (JS), organizacionu posvećenost (OCM), finansijske performanse (FP), zadovoljstvo komunikacijom CS) i organizaciono uĉenje (OL). Pored toga, ispitana su moderatorna dejstva ĉetiri moderatora: LMX4 - profesionalnog respekta prema lideru (LMX dimenzija), ITW4 poverenja u akcije menadžmenta (dimenzija meĊusobnog poverenja na poslu) pola ispitanika i godina starosti ispitanika, na odnos etiĉnog pona&scaron;anja lidera i posmatranih performansi. Podaci su dobijeni anketriranjem N = 380 srednjih menadžera iz 102 preduzeća u Srbiji. Od metoda statistiĉke obrade podataka kori&scaron;ćeni su: deskriptivna statistika, korelaciona analiza, regresi- ona analiza, i hijerarhijska regresiona analiza za ispitivanje moderatornog dejstva.<br />Osnovni zakljuĉci istraživanja uticaja etiĉnog pona- &scaron;anja lidera na zadovoljstvo poslom, organizacionu posvećenost i finansijske performanse su: 1. Dimenzije etiĉnog pona&scaron;anja lidera koje imaju najveći uticaj na posmatrane performanse su: Skala etiĉkog liderstva (EthicalLeadershipScale), kao generalna dimenzija, Podela moći, Orijentacija na ljude i po&scaron;tenje (Power sharing, People orientation and Fairness). 2. Visoko etiĉno pona&scaron;anje lidera naj- vi&scaron;e doprinosi sledećim dimenzijama zadovoljstva poslom: zadovoljstvo platom, &scaron;anse za napredovanje i dodatne privilegije. 3. Od finansijskih stavki (fina- ncial performance items), visoko etiĉno pona&scaron;anje lidera najvi&scaron;e utiĉe na produktivnost i profitabilnost. 4. Etiĉno pona&scaron;anje lidera ima snažniji pozitivan uticaj na organizacione performanse nego na finan- sijske performanse. 5. Kada su u pitanju moderatori LMX4 &ndash; profesionalni respekt prema lideru (LMX dimenzija) i ITW4 &ndash; poverenje u akcije menadž- menta (dimenzije meĊusobnog poverenja na poslu), zakljuĉak je da kod oba moderatora postoji sliĉan smer delovanja moderacije: u nepovoljnim uslovima (niska struĉnost lidera / nedostatak poverenja u<br />strategijsko delovanje lidera) etiĉno pona&scaron;anje lidera ima znatno veći uticaj na posmatrane performanse.<br />Osnovni zakljuĉci istraživanja uticaja etiĉnog pona&scaron;anja lidera na zadovoljstvo komunikacijom i organizaciono uĉenje su: 1. Etiĉno pona&scaron;anje lider- stva ima dvostruki uticaj: a) pojedinaĉni, liĉni, ljudski, koji vi&scaron;e deluje na zadovoljstvo komuni- kacijom, i b) organizacioni, sistemski, koji vi&scaron;e deluje na organizaciono uĉenje. 2. Postoji izraženo pozitivno prediktivno dejstvo dimenzija etiĉnog pona&scaron;anja liderana dimenzije zadovoljstva komunikacijom i dimenzije organizacionog uĉenja. 3. Moderatorno dejstvo pola ispitanika na posmat- rane odnose je veoma slabo. Kod žena postoji snažniji pozitivan uticaj dimenzija etiĉnog pona&scaron;anja lidera na posmatrane performanse, dok je kod mu&scaron;karaca taj uticaj pozitivan, ali slabiji. 4. Moderatorno dejstvo godina starosti ispitanika na posmatrane odnose snažno je izraženo kod pojedinih dimenzija zadovoljstva komunikacijom, dok je kod dimenzija organizacionog uĉenja veoma slabo. Kod starijih srednjih menadžera postoji snažniji pozitivan uticaj dimenzija etiĉkog pona&scaron;anja lidera na posmatrane performanse, dok je kod mlaĊih srednjih menadžera ovaj uticaj pozitivan, ali slabiji.</p> / <p>The paper presents the results of the study of the influence of the leader&#39;s ethical behavior on individual and organizational performance in enterprises in Serbia. Specifically, the study consists of the examination of the (EL) influence on job satisfaction (JS), organizational commitment (OCM), financial performance (FP), satisfaction with communication CS) and organizational learning (OL). In addition, best of theseaspects have been examined: (LMX dimension). ITW4 trust in the<br />management actions (dimension of mutual trust at work), gender and age of examiness, ethical behavior of leaders to bserved performance ratio. The data were obtained by interviewing N = 380 middle managers from 102 companies in Serbia according to methods of statistical data processing that were used: descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis for testing moderating facts. The main conclusions of research on the effect of ethical behavior of leaders in job satisfaction, organizational commitment and financial performance are: 1. The observeddimensi- ons of ethical behavior of leaders that have the greatest influence on performance are: Skala ethical leadership (Ethical Leadership Scale), as a general dimensions, division of power, Orientation to people and to honesty (Power sharing, People orientation and Fairness). 2. The high ethical behavior of the leader contributes most to the following dimensions of job satisfaction, satisfaction with salary, chances for advancement and additional privileges. 3. As for financial performance items, the high ethical behavior of the leader has the greatest influence on productivity and profitability. 4. The ethical behavior of a leader has a stronger positive impact on organizational performance than on financial one. 5. When it comes to moderators LMX4 - professional respect for the leader (LMX dimension) and ITW4 - confidence in management actions (the dimensions of mutual trust at work), the conclusion is that both moderators have a similar direction of moderation: under unfavorable conditions (low The competence of the leader / lack of confidence in the strategic performance of the leaders) the ethical behavior of the leader has a significantly greater impact on the observed performance. The basic conclusions of the study of the influence of the leaders&#39; ethical behavior on communication satisfaction and organizational learning are: 1. Ethical leadership behavior has a twofold effect: a)individual, personal, human, which no longer improves the pleasure of communication, and b) organizational, systemic, which no longer works on organizational learning. 2. There is a strong positive predictive effect on the dimension of the<br />ethical behavior of the leader on the dimensions of communication satisfaction and the dimension of organizational learning. 3. The moderate effect of half the respondents on the observed relationships is very poor. In women, there is a stronger positive impact on the dimensions of the ethical behavior of the leader on the observed performances, while in men this effect is positive, but weaker. 4. The moderate effect of the age of the examinees on the observed relationships is strongly expressed in certain dimensions of satisfaction with communication, while in the dimensions of organizational learning it is very weak. In older middle managers there is a stronger positive impact dimensions of ethical behavior of leaders on observed performance, while in the younger middle ones, the impact is positive, but weaker.</p>

<h1>Abstract</h1><p><strong>Background: </strong>Pain is usually common patients who undergo high-dose treatment in combination with HSCT. Pain is usually associated with side effects as for example mucositis. The purpose of this study was to examine patients’ experiences of pain in relation to stemcellstransplantation. The purpose was also to examine how patients experience that they have been treated by the personnel regarding their pain, and also if the pain relief correspond to the patients expectations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study is a descriptive, longitudinal study. Eight patients who underwent HSCT were interviewed. The study implemented in three parts, whereof two interviews and one questionnaire. The interview material was analyzed by means of content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The result shows that five of eight patients experienced pain during HSCT treatment. Three of these informants experienced pain in their mouth, their head and in their stomach. This is usually commonly side effects of the treatment. Back pain occurs in two of the patients and this pain hasn’t proceeded during the treatment.</p><p>Three informants did not experience any pain at all during the time of nursing. The result even shows that the all of the informants had experienced a well refutation of the personnel in terms of their pain. All informants reported that it was important to be well pain relieved. Those informants who had pain during their treatment were very satisfied with the pain relief they have got.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>stem cell transplantation, oral pain, pain treatment, oral mucositis, satisfaction with care.</p> / <p> </p><h1>Sammanfattning</h1><p><strong>Bakgrund och syfte: </strong>Smärta är vanligt förekommande bland patienter som genomgår högdosbehandling i kombination med HSCT. Smärta är vanligtvis förknippad med biverkningar som t ex mucosit. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka patienters upplevelse av smärta i samband med stamcellstransplantation. Syftet är även att undersöka hur patienterna upplever att de blir bemötta av personalen angående sin smärta, samt om smärtlindringen motsvarar patientens förväntningar.</p><p><strong>Metod:</strong> Studien är en deskriptiv, longitudinell studie. Åtta patienter som skulle genomgå stamcellstransplantation intervjuades. Studien genomfördes i tre delar, varav två intervjuer och ett frågeformulär. Intervjumaterialet analyserades med innehållsanalys.</p><p><strong>Resultat:</strong> Resultatet visar att fem av åtta patienter upplevde smärta i samband med HSCT. Tre av dessa informanter upplevde smärtor i munnen, huvudet och i magen. Ryggsmärta förekom hos två av informanterna och denna smärta hade inte uppstått i samband med behandlingen. Tre informanter upplevde ingen smärta alls under hela vårdtiden. Resultatet visar även att samtliga informanter upplevt ett bra bemötande av personalen vad gäller deras smärta. Alla informanter uppgav att det var viktigt att vara bra smärtlindrad. De informanter som hade smärta under behandlingen var mycket nöjda med den smärtlindring de fick.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Nyckelord: </strong>stamcellstransplantation, oral smärta, smärtbehandling, oral mucosit, tillfredsställelse med vård.</p>

Background: It is a well-known phenomenon that nurses and other oncology staff have a tendency to ascribe patients with cancer more problems and suffering than the patients themselves report. Aim: The overall aim of the present thesis was therefore to gain increased knowledge and understanding of dis/agreement between patients with cancer and nurses regarding their perception of patients’ situation and of the importance of patient-nurse dis/agreement in clinical practice. Methods: A prospective comparative design was used. Data were collected from a sample of 90 consecutively recruited patient-nurse pairs. Each pair consisted of a patient with cancer, newly admitted to a ward, and a nurse responsible for that patient’s care. Data were collected from the pairs with corresponding self-administrated questionnaires on two occasions: directly after the admission interview and on the patient’s third day on the ward. Results: At the group level, a distinct pattern was shown in which nurses ascribed the patients more emotional distress, less coping resources and a lower quality of life than the patients themselves reported. In short, the results revealed the following clinical importance of patient-nurse dis/agreement. With respect to how nurses act in relation to their perceptions of patients’ emotional distress, patient-nurse dis/agreement did not seem to be important; with few exceptions, nurses’ implemented care did not differ when it was directed at more as compared to less distressed patients. Further, nurses’ general tendency to overestimate cancer patients’ problems and suffering had no influence on patients’ satisfaction with received care and nurses’ satisfaction with provided care. However, patients cared for by nurses who underestimated their level of depression were less satisfied with those nurses’ care. In addition, the more frequently the nurse had implemented care characterized by a trusting relationship, the higher patients’ and nurses’ satisfaction with received/provided care. Conclusions: Initial patient-nurse dis/agreement concerning patients’ situation appears to be of little significance to nurses’ caring behaviour and to patients’ and nurses’ subsequent evaluation of received and provided care.

Abstract Background: Pain is usually common patients who undergo high-dose treatment in combination with HSCT. Pain is usually associated with side effects as for example mucositis. The purpose of this study was to examine patients’ experiences of pain in relation to stemcellstransplantation. The purpose was also to examine how patients experience that they have been treated by the personnel regarding their pain, and also if the pain relief correspond to the patients expectations. Method: The study is a descriptive, longitudinal study. Eight patients who underwent HSCT were interviewed. The study implemented in three parts, whereof two interviews and one questionnaire. The interview material was analyzed by means of content analysis. Results: The result shows that five of eight patients experienced pain during HSCT treatment. Three of these informants experienced pain in their mouth, their head and in their stomach. This is usually commonly side effects of the treatment. Back pain occurs in two of the patients and this pain hasn’t proceeded during the treatment. Three informants did not experience any pain at all during the time of nursing. The result even shows that the all of the informants had experienced a well refutation of the personnel in terms of their pain. All informants reported that it was important to be well pain relieved. Those informants who had pain during their treatment were very satisfied with the pain relief they have got.   Keywords: stem cell transplantation, oral pain, pain treatment, oral mucositis, satisfaction with care. / Sammanfattning Bakgrund och syfte: Smärta är vanligt förekommande bland patienter som genomgår högdosbehandling i kombination med HSCT. Smärta är vanligtvis förknippad med biverkningar som t ex mucosit. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka patienters upplevelse av smärta i samband med stamcellstransplantation. Syftet är även att undersöka hur patienterna upplever att de blir bemötta av personalen angående sin smärta, samt om smärtlindringen motsvarar patientens förväntningar. Metod: Studien är en deskriptiv, longitudinell studie. Åtta patienter som skulle genomgå stamcellstransplantation intervjuades. Studien genomfördes i tre delar, varav två intervjuer och ett frågeformulär. Intervjumaterialet analyserades med innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visar att fem av åtta patienter upplevde smärta i samband med HSCT. Tre av dessa informanter upplevde smärtor i munnen, huvudet och i magen. Ryggsmärta förekom hos två av informanterna och denna smärta hade inte uppstått i samband med behandlingen. Tre informanter upplevde ingen smärta alls under hela vårdtiden. Resultatet visar även att samtliga informanter upplevt ett bra bemötande av personalen vad gäller deras smärta. Alla informanter uppgav att det var viktigt att vara bra smärtlindrad. De informanter som hade smärta under behandlingen var mycket nöjda med den smärtlindring de fick.   Nyckelord: stamcellstransplantation, oral smärta, smärtbehandling, oral mucosit, tillfredsställelse med vård.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka (1) relationen mellan chefers upplevda stress och kontroll och medarbetares arbetstillfredsställelse med chefen, (2) relationen mellan chefers upplevda stress och kontroll samt, (3) medarbetares arbetstillfredsställelse med chefen relaterat till angivna demografiska parametrar. 25 chefer besvarade en webbenkät om arbetsrelaterad stress och kontroll och 206 av deras medarbetare besvarade en webbenkät om arbetstillfredsställelse med sin chef. Resultaten visade ett samband mellan medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse med chefen och chefens yrkesroll (delmått i stressinstrumentet) samt att medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse påverkades av deras anställningstid och utbildningsnivå. Vidare visade resultaten att cheferna upplevde en högre grad av arbetsrelaterad stress än kontroll. Dessa resultat indikerar att chefer med en tydligt definierad yrkesroll har mer arbetstillfredställda medarbetare samt, och i linje med tidigare forskning, att medarbetarnas anställningstid och utbildningsnivå har betydelse för arbetstillfredsställelsen med chefen.

Children with complex health problems who are dependent upon medical technology require frequent hospitalizations, during which parents must make difficult decisions regarding their child’s care. Although principles of “family-centred care” have been widely adopted by paediatric hospitals, studies indicate that many parents are dissatisfied with their roles in decisions about their child’s care. Pierre Bourdieu’s Logic of Practice, specifically his concepts of field, capital, and habitus, as they relate to cultural and symbolic capital within the field of pediatric medicine, were used to guide the design of a parent briefing intervention aimed at improving parents’ satisfaction with decision making. Briefings were conducted during daily hospital rounds. Physicians and nurses were asked to sit while using a checklist as a communication guide. A two-part study was conducted to determine feasibility of a randomized controlled trial of a parent briefing. One component was a psychometric evaluation of an instrument to measure parents’ satisfaction with decision making. The other was a phase I single group, post-test study of the parent briefing. Eighty-two parents of children admitted to an in-patient unit in a large metropolitan pediatric health centre, with an expected length of stay ≥ 3 days, completed the Family Satisfaction with Decision Making (FS/DM) subscale and the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS) prior to discharge. A subgroup of parents participated in the parent briefing study. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of the FS/DM was 0.87, and it was inversely correlated with the DCS (r2= -0.635, p<0.0001). Eighteen physicians, 25 nurses, and 31 parents participated in the phase I trial of the briefing intervention. Sixty-eight out of an expected 93 briefings were carried out as per study protocol. Nineteen parents did not receive the required “dose” of the study intervention. Mean time to complete the intervention was 11.9 minutes (SD = 6.9). Parents and nurses rated the acceptability and usefulness of the intervention favourably, whereas physicians’ ratings were mixed. The FS/DM instrument is a suitable primary outcome measure for an RCT. However, more work needs to be done, to ensure the feasibility of the intervention, including more intensive clinician training.

Children with complex health problems who are dependent upon medical technology require frequent hospitalizations, during which parents must make difficult decisions regarding their child’s care. Although principles of “family-centred care” have been widely adopted by paediatric hospitals, studies indicate that many parents are dissatisfied with their roles in decisions about their child’s care. Pierre Bourdieu’s Logic of Practice, specifically his concepts of field, capital, and habitus, as they relate to cultural and symbolic capital within the field of pediatric medicine, were used to guide the design of a parent briefing intervention aimed at improving parents’ satisfaction with decision making. Briefings were conducted during daily hospital rounds. Physicians and nurses were asked to sit while using a checklist as a communication guide. A two-part study was conducted to determine feasibility of a randomized controlled trial of a parent briefing. One component was a psychometric evaluation of an instrument to measure parents’ satisfaction with decision making. The other was a phase I single group, post-test study of the parent briefing. Eighty-two parents of children admitted to an in-patient unit in a large metropolitan pediatric health centre, with an expected length of stay ≥ 3 days, completed the Family Satisfaction with Decision Making (FS/DM) subscale and the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS) prior to discharge. A subgroup of parents participated in the parent briefing study. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of the FS/DM was 0.87, and it was inversely correlated with the DCS (r2= -0.635, p<0.0001). Eighteen physicians, 25 nurses, and 31 parents participated in the phase I trial of the briefing intervention. Sixty-eight out of an expected 93 briefings were carried out as per study protocol. Nineteen parents did not receive the required “dose” of the study intervention. Mean time to complete the intervention was 11.9 minutes (SD = 6.9). Parents and nurses rated the acceptability and usefulness of the intervention favourably, whereas physicians’ ratings were mixed. The FS/DM instrument is a suitable primary outcome measure for an RCT. However, more work needs to be done, to ensure the feasibility of the intervention, including more intensive clinician training.

Amb aquest estudi es pretén conèixer els nivells de Satisfacció amb la vida i simptomatologia afectiva dels estudiants de Psicologia de la Universitat de Girona, analitzar la influència de les diferències individuals en l'explicació de la Satisfacció amb la vida i la simptomatologia afectiva i aportar dades empíriques que ajudin a clarificar les relacions existents entre diferents característiques de personalitat i la seva influència sobre la conducta Proactiva de vinculació social dels estudiants universitaris.Han participat en l'estudi 159 alumnes dels estudis de psicologia de la Universitat de Girona (86'2% dones i 13'8% homes).Els resultats obtinguts mostren que hi ha un 28'5 % d'estudiants que manifesten no sentir-se satisfets amb la seva vida en general. Els dominis més directament vinculats al jo, com la percepció d'un mateix i el suport afectiu que reps dels altres, són els que millor contribueixen a l'explicació de la Satisfacció amb la vida. Els resultats també mostrem que són les característiques de personalitat (neuroticisme, responsabilitat i extraversió) les variables que millor prediuen la Satisfacció amb la vida en general i per dominis. / This study aims (a) to determine the level of satisfaction with life and of affective symptomatology of psychology students at the University of Girona, (b) to analyse the influence of individual differences to explain satisfaction with life and affective symptomatology, and (c) to provide empirical data that clarify the existing relationship between different personality characteristics and their influence on the proactive social behaviour of the university students.A total of 159 psychology students (86.2% female and 13.8% male) from the University of Girona participated in the study. The results obtained demonstrate that 28.5% of the students claim to generally not be satisfied with their lives. The domains most directly associated with the ego, such as self perception and the affective support received from others, contribute most to explain satisfaction with life. The results also show that personality characteristics (neuroticism, responsibility and extraversion) are the variables that best predict satisfaction with life, both in general and by domains.

The main purpose of the present study was to explore the effects of characteristics of information given in a job advertisement (amount of information and the specificity of the information) on the potential applicants&rsquo / willingness to apply to the job opening with the mediating roles of credibility of and satisfaction from the information, and attraction to the organization. In addition to that, the factors affecting the decision of the applicants to apply for the job posted such as application modes (internet, by hand in the same city the applicant lives, by hand in a different city than the applicant lives), different selection methods (interview, personality test, knowledge test), and personality characteristics (goal orientation and self-efficacy) were investigated. The study was conducted in three phases. In the first phase, one hundred and seven Middle East Technical University (METU) students were used to decide between two alternatives of goal orientation and two self-efficacy scales, which were translated into Turkish and adapted for the current study, to be used in the main study by determining the validity and reliabilities of the scales. The second phase was the manipulation check, conducted to test the clarity and meaningfulness of the newly developed job advertisements and questions related to the research hypotheses. Thirty-two METU students were used for the second phase. The final phase was the main study. One hundred and fifty four METU students from Electrical and Electronics Department were used to examine the hypotheses of the study.The students were randomly assigned to the three different versions of job advertisement. Additionally, a questionnaire package was given to each participant. The results supported most of the main hypotheses and the proposed model except for the mediating effect of satisfaction. Advertisement type affected the willingness to apply to the job of potential applicant and this relation was mediated by credibility and credibility was mediated by attractiveness to the organization. A main effect of application mode was found for change in application decision, but no interaction was found between application mode and different attraction levels. Goal orientation found to be affecting applicants&rsquo / decision change for different selection methods. Self-efficacy failed to predict decision change for application for different selection methods. Results are discussed along with the strengths and limitations of the study and suggestions for future research.

Darbo tikslas. Ištirti Kauno ir Marijampolės visuomenės sveikatos centrų ir jų filialų darbuotojų poreikius, susijusius su profesine veikla, bei jų sąsajas su bendru pasitenkinimu darbu ir įvertinti profesinio tobulėjimo bei kvalifikacijos kėlimo galimybes. Tyrimo metodika. Atlikta anoniminė anketinė Kauno visuomenės sveikatos centro ir Marijampolės Visuomenės sveikatos centro bei jų filialų darbuotojų apklausa. Išdalinta 251 anketa, užpildytas anketas grąžino 176 respondentai (atsako dažnis 70,1 proc.). Duomenys apdoroti ir analizuojami naudojant statistinių duomenų analizės paketą SPSS for Windows 12.0. Hipotezės apie dviejų požymių nepriklausomumą buvo tikrinamos naudojant Chi kvadrato kriterijų. Mažų grupių palyginimui naudotas Fisher tikslusis kriterijus. Hipotezė apie dviejų proporcijų lygybę buvo tikrinama naudojant Z kriterijų. Rodiklių skirtumai laikyti statistiškai reikšmingi, kai p<0,05. Rezultatai. Įvertinus Kauno visuomenės sveikatos centro ir Marijampolės visuomenės sveikatos centro bei jų filialų darbuotojų poreikius ir motyvaciją darbe, paaiškėjo, kad dominuojantis poreikis yra tinkamas darbo užmokestis (73,3 proc.) bei saugumo ir socialiniai poreikiai. Darbuotojai blogiausiai vertina savo karjeros perspektyvas, daugiau nei pusė respondentų yra nepatenkinti savo gaunamu darbo užmokesčiu. Svarbiausios skatinimo ir motyvacijos darbui priemonės yra darbo užmokestis, socialinės garantijos ir tinkamos darbo sąlygos. Didžiajai daugumai (82,9 proc.) respondentų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study. To investigate the needs of employees of the Public Health Centres of Kaunas and Marijampolė and their branches, related with occupational activities, and relations with the general satisfaction with occupation, and to evaluate opportunities of professional training and improvement of their professional skills. Methods. Anonymous questionnaire survey of the employees of Kaunas Public Health Centre and Marijampolė Public Health Centre and their branches was performed. There were 251 questionnaires delivered, and 176 questionnaires were returned by respondents (the response rate – 70.1 per cent). Data was processed and analyzed using the statistical package SPSS for Windows 12.0. Associations between the variables were tested by the application of Chi-square test. Fisher criteria were used for comparison of two small groups. The hypothesis about the equality of two proportions was checked by using Z criteria. The differences between variables were considered statistically significant, when p<0.05. Results. It was estimated that the dominant needs were an adequate salary (73.3 per cent), safety and social needs when assessing the needs and motivation at work in the Public Health Centre of Kaunas and in the Public Health Centre of Marijampolė. As the worst aspects employees evaluated their career opportunities, more than a half of respondents were not satisfied with their salary. Salary, social security and proper working conditions were considered as the main... [to full text]