A inclusão da moradia entre os direitos fundamentais sociais decorre do desenvolvimento do direito à moradia na legislação internacional como direito à moradia adequada, integrante do direito de toda a pessoa a um nível de vida adequado, e consiste no direito de viver em algum lugar em segurança, paz e dignidade, com o atendimento dos seguintes fatores: segurança jurídica da posse; disponibilidade de serviços, materiais, facilidades e infra-estrutura; custo suportável; habitabilidade; acessibilidade; localização e adequação cultural. Os assentamentos humanos devem ser equitativos e sustentáveis e estão proibidas discriminações por motivos de raça, cor, sexo, idioma, religião, opinião pública ou outro tipo. O Estado tem a obrigação de proteger a moradia contra a intervenção de terceiros e de atuar para sua realização. A moradia integra o direito a um mínimo existencial. A Constituição arrola a moradia entre as necessidades vitais básicas a serem atendidas pelo salário-mínimo; fixa as competências das entidades federativas no âmbito da política habitacional e da política urbana; cria o fundo para combate e erradicação da pobreza; declara os direitos dos índios e dos remanescentes dos quilombos. Em nível infraconstitucional, são importantes instrumentos de atuação da União na moradia: o Estatuto da Cidade, com o estabelecimento de diretrizes gerais da política do desenvolvimento urbano a serem seguidas por todas as entidades federativas, o Sistema Financeiro de Habitação, os programas habitacionais do Ministério da Cidade e o Sistema Nacional de Habitação de Interesse Social. / The inclusion of housing as a fundamental social right is a result of the development of housing rights in international legislation, such as the right to adequate housing. The right to adequate housing is a part of the right that everyone has to an adequate standard of living and consists of the right to live in a safe, peaceful and dignified place. This includes the following factors: legal protection of property; availability of services, materials, facilities and infra-structure; affordable prices; habitability; accessibility; localization and adequate cultural support. Human settlements must be equal and sustainable, and discrimination by race, color, sex, language, religion, public opinion or any other must be prohibited. The State has the obligation of protecting housing rights against third party intervention and must take action to make it so. Housing rights include the right to a basic standard of living. The Constitution lists housing among the basic necessities of life to be achieved by a minimum salary; establishment of jurisdictions for federal entities in relation to housing and urban policies; creation of funds for the reduction and eradication of poverty; declaration of the rights of native Americans and Quilombos. At the infraconstitutional level, the following are important instruments to be used by the Union for housing rights: the City Statute with the establishment of general guidelines for urban development policies to be followed by all federal entities; the Financial System for Habitation; the habitation programs of the Ministry of Cities and the National System of Habitation for Social Interest.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research presents a study regarding the institucionalised practices that covers the topics of sexuality in a children and youth´s shelter located in Aracaju. In order to develop the research, are used reports of the experiences that took place on the mentioned institute. This reports give life to the (Des)Amélias girls. Listing this experiences as problematization possibilities of practices that envolved the researched shelter and beyond it, this research investigate the following aspects: the relation between youth sexuality and youth protection policies; the institutional shelter through sexual repression actualization; sexuality as a tool for the analysis of the institutional shelter; the existence of other relations, besides the ones mentioned, with sexuality and the practices experienced by the ones led into children and youth´s shelter. In pursuance of the mentioned research problems, it was necessay to take a look in readings regarding public policies based on children and teenagers, from authors that traces the social history of youth in Brazil. It was also taken into consideration the histoty of sexuality, the course of psychology, psychoanalysis, psychiatry and sexuality, as well as the concepts of gender, sexual repression, ethics, moral, judicialization and institutionalization of sexuality. / A presente pesquisa traz o estudo a respeito de práticas institucionalizadas que abrangem o tema da sexualidade em uma entidade de acolhimento para crianças e adolescentes, situada na cidade de Aracaju. Para elaboração da proposta, são utilizados relatos de experiência ocorridos no campo institucional mencionado. Estes dão vida às garotas (Des)Amélias. Ao elencá-las enquanto possibilidade de problematização de práticas que envolviam a entidade de acolhimento pesquisada e para além dela, o trabalho indaga-se sobre os seguintes aspectos. Sejam eles: a relação entre sexualidade infantil e políticas de proteção à infância; o acolhimento institucional a partir de atualizações da repressão sexual; a sexualidade enquanto ferramenta de análise do acolhimento institucional, bem como a existência de outros modos de relação para além dos estabelecidos com a sexualidade e as práticas que a percorrem por aqueles que são dirigidos às instituições de acolhimento para crianças e adolescentes. Para pensar os referidos problemas de pesquisa, lançam-se olhares sobre leituras a respeito de políticas públicas voltadas para crianças e adolescentes, a partir de autores que delineiam a história social da infância no Brasil. Também são lançados olhares sobre a história da sexualidade, percursos da psicologia, psicanálise, psiquiatria e sexualidade, bem como sobre os conceitos de gênero, repressão sexual, ética, moral, judicialização e institucionalização da sexualidade.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / nÃo hà / Este texto à o processo de minha pesquisa de Mestrado e tem como objetivo apreender, a partir da relaÃÃo entre educadores sociais, adolescentes-meninas em um abrigo de Fortaleza, as possÃveis mudanÃas que estes personagens percebem em si quando de seu encontro no ambi-ente abrigo. A partir deste objetivo, pude perceber: as diferentes prÃticas discursivas que instituem este âespaÃo de proteÃÃoâ conforme dita o ECA; quem sÃo as meninas ditas em âsituaÃÃo de vulnerabilidadeâ e quem sÃo estes educadores sociais que com elas convivem nesta instituiÃÃo. A partir do diÃlogo com autores e autoras como Paulo Freire, Giorgio Agamben, JoÃo Figueiredo, Michel Foucault, LoÃc Wacquant, Leonardo Boff dentre outr@s descontentes com o atual estado de coisas que rege nosso existir social e nos transforma em vida nua, matÃvel, busquei âescovar a contrapeloâ no intuito de perceber de que forma a medida dita de proteÃÃo à ao mesmo tempo proteÃÃo e puniÃÃo, ou indagar a quem realmente ela protege se Ãs meninas-adolescentes ou ao estado de coisas atual. Utilizei-me de uma metodologia de cunho etnogrÃfico tendo sido utilizadas as seguintes tÃcnicas de coleta de dados: entrevista aberta, observaÃÃo participante, pesquisa documental e para anÃlise de dados coletados, utilizei-me da AnÃlise de Discurso francesa, destacando autores como Michel Foucault e Dominique Maingueneau. Dessa forma, partindo de algumas palavras-geradoras como adolescÃncia/adolescente, abrigo, vulnerabilidade, educador social, fui descompondo a partitura que pÃe o abrigo como movimento de abrigar, acolher, de modo a perceber o movimento paralelo de obrigar que compÃe prÃticas macro e micro-sociais instituidoras do abrigo. / This text designs the process of my Master Course research and aims at reaching, from the relationship between social educators and adolescent girls at a shelter in Fortaleza, the possible changes which those characters perceive about themselves while in touch at the social shelter. From this viewpoint, I could figure out the characteristics of: the girls sent to shelter institutions; the different discourse practices that institute this âprotection placeâ according to the ECA; the girls considered in âvulnerability situationâ and the social educators whom the girls share the shelter with. From the dialogue between authors such as Paulo Freire, Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben, LoÃc Wacquant, JoÃo Figueiredo, Leonardo Boff among other discontent thinkers, I tried to understand at what proportion the official protection reveals to be at the same time protection and punition and also question whether this protection is upon the girls or the state itself. I made use of an ethnographical methodology through the following techniques: open interview, participant observation, documental research, and data analysis from the perspective of the French Discourse Analysis (A.D.), pointing out authors like Michel Foucault and Dominique Maingueneau. This way, from some generate-words like adolescence/adolescent, shelter, vulnerability and social educator, I tried to decompose the structure of the social shelters as a place to give shelter and protection in order to understand the parallel movement of obligation and punition that institute different political practices.

[pt] A partir de uma constatação intuitiva de que a busca exaustiva por atribuição de sentido na arquitetura encontrou no pós-modernismo, certo esgotamento instrumental, o trabalho investiga o conceito de presença na arquitetura segundo o debate estabelecido entre Peter Eisenman e Kenneth Frampton no âmbito da teoria arquitetônica a partir da década de 1970. Os estudos sobre a tectônica e o regionalismo crítico de Frampton, como crítica à supremacia do cenográfico na sociedade do espetáculo em detrimento da experiência do corpo sensível, bem como a pesquisa sobre uma noção do abrigo originário na historiografia arquitetônica de Joseph Rykwert, oferecem um possível caminho de reafirmação da presença conforme definido por Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht: isto é, o reconhecimento da arquitetura como uma certa poética da construção, inserida no seio de uma determinada cultura construtiva, dentro de uma visão antropológica que toma o corpo e o espaço como dimensões ontológicas do homem no seu meio. A arquitetura é plasmada em meio ao céu e a terra, onde o homem constrói seu habitar, suspensa entre um desejo inerente e oscilante de alçar voo e de afundar na terra, fruto de uma busca pela casa arquetípica transmitida pela tradição na relação ritual deste homem com sua cosmologia. Esta discussão teórica estabelece as bases conceituais para uma análise crítica de obras de Lucio Costa, Lina Bo Bardi e Paulo Mendes da Rocha, em que se identifica, cada qual à sua maneira, uma certa noção de abrigo que transcende o tempo histórico em busca de um espaço mítico do construir, do habitar e do pensar. Arquiteturas em que tradição e modernidade, memória e imaginação, corpo e pensamento, peso e leveza são reunidos num eterno presente. / [en] From an intuitive realization that the exhaustive search for meaning in architecture has reached, in post-modernism, an instrumental fatigue, the work sets to investigate the concept of presence in architecture according to the debate established between Peter Eisenman and Kenneth Frampton in the field of architectural starting in the 1970 s. Frampton s studies about tectonics and critical regionalism, as a critical review of the supremacy of the scenographic in the society of the spectacle in detriment of the experience of the sensitive body, as well as Joseph Rykwert s research on the notion of the primitive shelter in the architectural historiography, offer a possible path to reaffirm presence as defined by Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht: that is, the acknowledgement of architecture as a certain poetics of building, embedded with a specific constructive culture, within an anthropological view which takes body and space as ontological dimensions of man and his environment. Architecture is molded between sky and earth, where man builds his dwelling, suspended between an inherent and oscillating desire to take flight and to sink in the ground, produce of a search for an archetypal house transmitted by tradition in the ritual relation of this man with his cosmology. The theoretical discussion establishes the conceptual basis for the critical analysis of works by Lucio Costa, Lina Bo Bardi, and Paulo Mendes da Rocha, in which one could identify, each in its own manner, a certain notion of shelter that transcends the historic time in search of a mythical space of building, dwelling, and thinking. Architectures in which tradition and modernity, memory and imagination, body and thought, heaviness and lightness are reunited in an eternal present.

I yrken med möten med människor som varit utsatta på något sätt och behöver stöd i en förändringsprocess krävs en kompetens för att möta den hjälpsökandes behov. Ständiga möten med människor i en utsatt situation alstrar ett lärande även hos den som förväntas stötta och uppmuntra till förändring. Föreliggande studie avser att undersöka upplevelser av lärande hos individer som arbetar med kvinnor utsatta för våld i en nära relation. Sex kvinnor i en mellanstor kommun i Sverige har deltagit i studien. De arbetar antingen yrkesmässigt eller ideellt i två samverkande verksamheter med utsatta kvinnor. Totalt har elva intervjuer genomförts där förfarandet haft en kvalitativ ansats. Det insamlade materialet har analyserats med en tolkande fenomenologisk analys, där resultatet består av följande tre teman: Ett omedvetet och medvetet lärande, formellt lärande samt informellt lärande. Resultatet visar också hur informanterna upplever olika förutsättningar för lärande samt vilken betydelse lärandet får för den dagliga verksamheten. Deltagarna upplever att de ständigt lär av andra och sig själva, där samarbete och samverkan är viktiga förutsättningar för att det dagliga arbetet skall fungera. Lärande är betydelsefullt för verksamhetens utveckling, individens personliga utveckling och för att den utsatta kvinnan skall få god hjälp. För att kunna lära behövs förutsättningar som exempelvis engagemang och intresse. Och för att dessa ska tillgodoses krävs förutsättningar av mottaglighet och utrymme som ges och fås, dels av individen själv men främst av individer i verksamheternas nätverk. / In occupations where encounters with people who have been exposed in some way and are in need of support in a process of change, competence is required to meet the needs of that person. Every encounter with people in vulnerable situations generates situations of learning also for the person that is expected to give support and encourage change. The present study aims to examine the experiences of learning within individuals who work with women victims of domestic violence. Six women in a medium-sized municipality in Sweden participated in the study. They either work with salaries or voluntarily in two collaborative units with abused women. A total of eleven interviews were conducted where the approach had a qualitative alignment. The collected material was analyzed with an interpretative phenomenological analysis and the result consists of the three following themes: Unconscious/conscious learning, formal learning and informal learning. The result also shows how the participants experience different conditions for learning and the importance learning adress to the daily worklife. Furthermore, the participants experience a constant learning from both other individuals and herself, where cooperation and collaboration are essential for the function of daily work. Learning is important for development of the workplace, personal development and so that the abused woman will get the help she need. To be able to learn, there are necessary preconditions such as commitment and interest. And for these to be met, other conditions are required such as receptivity and space, which are provided and obtained partly by the individual herself but mostly by individuals in the network surrounding the work places.

This thesis uses feminist critical discourse analysis to find and understand the discourses embedded in the mission statements and program documents of three domestic violence and/or rape crisis centers that primarily serve Black/African American populations in three distinct geographic locations in the United States. Existing literature addresses the discourses present in domestic violence and sexual assault service provision, but no literature addresses the discourses present in the mission statements of domestic violence and rape crisis centers, leaving a considerable gap in the literature. This project uses frameworks of feminist understandings of Foucauldian discursive patriarchal power, intersectionality and material feminism to analyze the mission statements and put them in conversation with each other. The three organizations chosen, Our House, Jenesse Center and Black Women’s Blueprint, each are 2015 award grantees of one of two federal Office of Violence Against Women’s grants to provide services to culturally specific populations. I argue the mission statements of Our House, Jenesse Center, and Black Women’s Blueprint have a discourse of resistance articulated through embedded discourses of Black feminism, neoliberalism, community and cultural competency, and storytelling. This larger discourse of resistance draws on Black/African American historical structures of resistance. Understanding Black/African American serving domestic violence and rape crisis centers as sites of resistance allows for a deeper understanding of Black/African American women’s unique expression of power and domination.

No description available.

This study was an outcome assessment of how well "Lifeline", a transitional shelter for women and their children, has been fulfilling its stated mission. It was also a program evaluation in terms of learning what former residents of Lifeline think about the quality and the importance of Lifeline's program.

No description available.

The subject of the master thesis is a design and static analysis of the load-bearing multi-storey steel structure with the timber entrance shelter of the multifunctional building in Znojmo city. There is a shopping centre situated on the ground floor, other floors are mostly used as offices. The ground plan of the steel structure has a shape of a regular 20-tagon with circumscribed circle diameter 30 m. The height is 35,5 m. The building has 6 storeys at all. The racking resistance is ensured by combination of frame-shear truss and rigid frame. In the front part of the building there is an airy cut-out space situated and it is running from the ground floor until the roof structure. The glue laminated timber shelter by the entrance of the building reaches a height of the first floor and its length is 10 m.