To αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη της συμπεριφοράς των χρηστών της Wikipedia, όταν πραγματοποιούν μια τροποποίηση περιεχομένου ενός άρθρου, σε σχέση με την χώρα καταγωγής τους. Η μελέτη ξεκινάει με μια γενική παρουσίαση των ιστοσελίδων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης με έμφαση στις Wikipedia αλλά και της έρευνας του ολλανδού κοινωνιολόγου Geert Hofstede και τις θεωρίας του περί την ύπαρξη πέντε κοινωνικών διαστάσεων που μπορούν να περιγράψουν αρκετά ικανοποιητικά κάθε κράτος και τους κατοίκους του. Στην συνέχεια, κατασκευάζουμε μια εφαρμογή η οποία αντλεί και συλλέγει δεδομένα σχετικά με τις τροποποιήσεις από πέντε διαφορετικές εκδόσεις – γλώσσες της Wikipedia για 8 διαφορετικά άρθρα και τα κατηγοριοποιεί ανάλογα με το είδος της τροποποίησης. Τέλος, γίνεται η προσπάθεια εξαγωγής κάποιων συμπερασμάτων σχετικά με τον τρόπο συμπεριφοράς των χρηστών που προέρχονται από το ίδιο κράτος συγκρίνοντας τα δεδομένα που συλλέξαμε για κάθε διαφορετική γλώσσα με τις διαστάσεις που έχει μετρήσει ο Geert Hofstede για το αντίστοιχο κράτος. / The subject of this thesis is to study the behaviour of the users of Wikipedia when editing the content of an article, with respect to the country of origin of the user. The study begins with an overview of social networking websites with a focus on Wikipedia and a presentation of the research of the Dutch sociologist Geert Hofstede and his theory of the existence of five social dimensions that can describe quite well each country and its residents. Afterwards, we develop an application that draws and collects data from the article history about the edits of eight Wikipedia articles from five different editions – languages of Wikipedia and classifies them according to the type of the edit. Finally, we attempt to export some conclusions about the behaviour of users from the same country by relating the data we exported for each language to the dimensions measured by Geert Hofstede for the corresponding country.

This dissertation has two overall aims; to explore and develop the use of SNA in sociology, and to demonstrate that sociology has much to give to other sciences. Interdisciplinary collaboration is necessary because we do not live in a world in which subject areas are strictly isolated. Human beings are social animals, and a sociological understanding is crucial in all human-related science. The examination in this thesis of different kinds of social networks and how they affect the lives of individuals (and vice versa) will provide knowledge both in the development of methods for analyzing social networks, and in their areas specific scientific areas. Paper I-III investigates sexual networks and how the number of sexual encounters involving intercourse in combination with the number of sexual partners affects the dynamics of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The results show that this relationship is non-linear, indicating that it may not be the individuals with the largest number of partners who have the most impact on the spread of STIs. One might also have to focus interventions on individuals who have a large number of sexual encounters involving intercourse per partner, and who have several (but not necessarily a very large number of) partners. In the fourth paper, we apply the theoretical concept of so-called small worlds to a sexual network. The spread of epidemics can be difficult to stop in such networks, and we show that the sexual network of individuals infected with chlamydia can be characterized as such. The fifth and last paper differs from the four first. In this paper, we focus on how individuals who committed suicide in Stockholm during the 1990s where connected to each other. The social-interaction exposure effect is larger for the individual within the family than at the workplace; yet work-domain exposure is more important for the overall suicide rate because individuals are more often exposed to suicides of co-workers than family members.

Social Academic Analytics (SAA) is proposed as a new scientific approach toward developing suitable instruments to promote virtual collaboration among participants in the higher education field. SAA refers to the process of extracting relational data for the purpose of exploring organizational structures within virtual learning organizations and knowledge networks. Implementation of SAA provides opportunities for organizers and instructors to optimize socio-technological infrastructures within (virtual) knowledge networks so as to encourage collaborative work, while offering significant potential for quality assurance. SAA combines theories and models from both informatics and the social sciences at the macro level in order to formulate data analysis for the field of (web-based) educational research. In this paper we introduce SAA and its constituent activities. Finally we select case studies and applications to compare analytical concepts from diverse disciplines and conclude with further suggestions as to how SAA concepts can be applied in educational data management.

No description available.

Web surveys in higher education are particularly important for evaluating the quality of academic teaching and learning. Traditionally, mainly quantitative data is used for quality assessment. Increasingly, questions are being raised about the impact of attitudes of individuals involved. Therefore, especially the analysis of open-ended text responses in web surveys offers the potential for impact evaluation. Despite the fact that qualitative text mining, sentiment analysis, and network analytics are being introduced in other research areas, these instruments are still slowly gaining access to evaluation research. On the one hand, there is a lack of methodological expertise to deal with large numbers of text responses (e.g. via semantic analysis, linguistically supported coding, etc.). On the other hand, deficiencies in interdisciplinary expertise are identified in order to be able to contextualize the results. The contribution contributes to the field of impact evaluation and reveals methodological implications for the development of text mining, sentiment analysis, and network analytics in evaluation processes.

This study examines a largely unexplored aspect of Sutherland’s (1974) model of differential association: the interplay of general and crime specific definitions favorable towards crime. Do individuals learn the specific techniques of a type of crime through interactions or do social interactions produce a general disposition towards all types of criminal behavior? Little prior research has been done on the influence of these definitions. Instead studies focus on only one or another, which leaves the details of general/specific definitions unexplored. With the aid of a mixed methodology of statistical and network analysis, this study explores general/specific definitions simultaneously by focusing on relationships between egos and alters. If alters commit similar crimes, it is likely that crime specific definitions are being learned; if crimes are dissimilar then general definitions are more likely. Using police data on a known criminal network located in an urban capital, I test the relationship between the criminal behaviors of egos and alters. The study also compares the centrality of the node to the commonality of crime they commit. This provides an understanding of how key nodes in the network affect the dissemination of criminal definitions. Overall, while variations exist for criminal types, the study finds that crime specific definitions dominate the network and, therefore, have greater influence over respondents’ criminal behavior. Conversely, I found no clear pattern which indicates that high centrality nodes commit more common crimes. This may indicate that high centrality nodes are responsible for disseminating general definitions of crime while most nodes communicate crime specific definition.

Os dados espaciais têm sido utilizados para o monitoramento ambiental de consequências de acidentes com produtos químicos no transporte de produtos perigosos. A Infraestrutura de Dados Espaciais (IDE), que foi criada para a disponibilização e uso de dados espaciais, esbarra na ausência de políticas para dar suporte a essa realização. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é explorar o uso da teoria de Análise de Rede Social (ARS) para diagnosticar a articulação entre as organizações do setor, e discutir as políticas e acordos institucionais vigentes e criar um esquema conceitual de uma IDE para gerenciamento de acidentes relacionados ao Transporte Rodoviário de Produtos Perigosos (TRPP). Neste contexto, esta pesquisa identificou as instituições que tratam do tema TRPP, para que informações sobre o interesse no uso e compartilhamento de dados espaciais através de uma IDE pudessem ser coletadas através de entrevistas, e desta forma, consolidadas. As entrevistas foram aplicadas de forma presencial em 39 instituições. A aplicação da teoria Análise de Rede Social (ARS) pôde diagnosticar o fluxo dos dados entre as instituições através da representação gráfica das redes de disponibilização e utilização de dados espaciais entre as organizações participantes. A partir de então, foram analisados e discutidos os acordos vigentes para compartilhamento de dados espaciais. Os resultados compilados permitiram propor um esquema conceitual de uma IDE para apoio a desastres envolvendo o TRPP, para, então, prover a elaboração de metodologia para o suporte ao diagnóstico da articulação entre os diversos atores de uma IDE. A finalidade é a possível a formulação de políticas para disponibilização de dados espaciais para tomada de decisões preventivas e de enfrentamento de desastres. Os resultados indicaram que as 39 instituições compartilham dados espaciais entre si, ainda que nem sempre por acordos formais preestabelecidos. Constatou-se ainda que há um grande anseio por parte das instituições que fazem o gerenciamento de acidentes envolvendo o TRPP para que haja mecanismos legais para compartilhamento de dados estruturantes para planejamento territorial - para que o uso desses dados possa auxiliar na preparação, prevenção, gerenciamento e socorro imediato aos incidentes que envolvem o TRPP. / Spatial data have been used for environmental monitoring of chemical accidents on the road transportation of dangerous goods. The Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) has been created to availability and use of spatial data, however, it emphasizes that there are no policies to support this realization. The main aim of this work is to create a conceptual scheme of a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) for management of transport of Dangerous Goods by road, focusing on the political context. It was identified the institutions that deal with the subject of road transportation of hazardous materials, Moreover the interviews could be consolidated. The interviews were administered by face, in 39 institutions. Interview data were ran in software UCINET, 2000 to obtain metrics related to centrality measures. The application of the theory of Social Network Analysis (ARS) could recognize the flow of data between institutions through the enrolled institutions. Furthermore, it was analyzed the network availability and use aspects of spatial data sharing between the organizations. Besides, the compiled results allowed to propose a conceptual scheme of a SDI to support technological disasters with road transportation of hazardous materials throw the SNA theory applied to investigation of spatial data sharing between different stakeholders to make prevention and risk management of the sector. Therefore, the analysis of the theory of Social Network Analysis (ARS) found that 39 (thirty-nine) institutions share spatial data between themselves, but not always in formal agreements previously established. It was further observed that there is a great desire on the part of the institutions that make the management of the accidents of this kind of transportation mode, so there are legal frameworks for data sharing for land cover uses, as a result the use of such data can be shared between different stakeholders to assist the preparedness, mitigation, response and recovery from incidents related to road dangerous goods transportation.

O grupo de estafilococos não-aureus (SNA), frequentemente isolados de quartos mamários com mastite subclínica, ápice do teto e ambiente, possue variabilidade ecológica que desafia a compreensão da patogenia a estes atribuída. Os fatores espécie-específicos associados à essa infecção ainda não foram identificados e a susceptibilidade difere entre vacas e quartos e promove diferentes perfis de infecção. Com o objetivo de avaliar a resistência à fagocitose e atividade microbicida, comparou-se a viabilidade, a produção intracelular de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ERO) e a fagocitose de neutrófilos sanguíneos de vacas primíparas e multíparas frente a distintos isolados viáveis de estafilococos. Utilizou-se doze vacas sadias (seis primíparas e seis multíparas) em terço médio de lactação e SO isolados viáveis de estafilococos (38 SNA e 12 Staphylococcus aureus) de diferentes nichos ecológicos. A viabilidade de neutrófilos (P = 0,55), produção de ERO (P = 0,12) e atividade funcional dos fagócitos (P = 0,33) foram semelhantes entre as primíparas e multíparas testadas . Contudo, foram observadas diferenças (P &le;0,05) entre os distintos grupos de espécies e estirpes de estafilococos quanto ao estímulo da produção intracelular de ERO pelos neutrófilos e à fagocitose. S. chromogenes de origens distintas, ápice do teto (P = 0,01), infecção intramamária transiente (P < 0,01) e infecção intramamárias persistente (P < 0,01) estimularam mais a produção de ERO pelos neutrófilos do que as outras espécies. Todos isolados foram fagocitados pelos neutrófilos, mas S. chromogenes resistiram mais eficientemente que as outras espécies de SNA, principalmente, S. chromogenes isolados do ápice do teto (P < 0,01). S. haemolyticus isolados do ápice do teta (P = 0,02) e infecção intramamária transiente (P < 0,01), assim como, S. fleurettii (P < 0,01), foram substancialmente fagocitados do mesmo modo que S. aureus isolado de suabe nasa\\ (P = 0,03). Mais evidente do que possíveis variações entre as respostas mamárias de primíparas e multíparas é a variação entre os SNA. Quanto mais adaptado à mama, maior resistência à fagocitose. / The group of non-aureus staphylococci (NAS), often isolated from mammary quarters with subclinical mastitis, teat apex and environment, has ecological variability that challenges the understanding of the pathogenesis attributed to them. The species-specific factors associated with this infection have not yet been identified and the susceptibility differs between cows and quarters and promotes different infection profiles. In order to evaluate the resistance to phagocytosis and I or microbicidal activity of these pathogens, the viability , intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and blood neutrophil phagocytosis of primiparous and multiparous cows were compared to different viable isolates of staphylococci. Twelve healthy cows (six primiparous and six multiparous) were used in the middle third of lactation and 50 viable isolates of staphylococci (38 SNA and 12 Staphylococcus aureus) from different ecological niches. Neutrophil viability (P = 0.55), ROS production (P = 0.12) and phagocyte functional activity (P = 0.33) were similar among the primiparous and multiparous groups tested. However, differences (P &lt;0.05) between the different groups of species and strains of staphylococci were observed for the stimulation of intracellular ROS production by neutrophils and phagocytosis. S. chromogenes of different origins, ceiling apex (P =0.01), transient intramammary infection (P &lt;0.01) and persistent intramammary infection (P &lt;0 .01) further stimulated the production of ROS by neutrophils than species. All isolates were phagocytosed by neutrophils, but S. chromogenes resisted more efficiently than the other SNA species, especially S. chromogenes isolated from the apex of the ceiling (P &lt;0.01). S. haemolyticus isolated from apex to ceiling (P =0.02) and transient (P &lt;0.01) intramammary infection, as well as S. fleurettii (P &lt;0.01), were substantially phagocytosed in the same manner as S. aureus isolated from nasal swab (P = 0.03). More evident than possible variations between mammary responses of primiparous and multiparous is the variation between ANS. The more adapted to the breast, the greater resistance to phagocytosis.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-10-19T12:41:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VIVIAN SEBBEN ADAMI_.pdf: 2714217 bytes, checksum: 0d285db93644d5612c6864a6baeacd87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-19T12:41:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VIVIAN SEBBEN ADAMI_.pdf: 2714217 bytes, checksum: 0d285db93644d5612c6864a6baeacd87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-29 / Nenhuma / Uma das prioridades da agenda sustentável mundial é a promoção do uso de fontes energéticas renováveis, como a energia eólica. O crescimento do uso dessa fonte desenvolveu uma indústria na Europa e nos Estados Unidos para atender à demanda desses mercados precursores. Na última década, o Brasil, juntamente com a China e a Índia, vem investindo na geração eólica, e destacando-se no cenário mundial. A implantação de parques eólicos acontece por meio de projetos interorganizacionais (PIOs), envolvendo atividades compartilhadas entre empresas com interesses e capacidades diferentes em um ambiente de riscos e incertezas. Esta pesquisa propõe-se a contribuir com a temática ainda nova dos PIOs da indústria eólica, tendo sustentação nos progressos recentes do conhecimento sobre redes e propriedades estruturais. O objetivo principal é compreender as implicações das propriedades estruturais das redes estabelecidas no contexto dos PIOs de geração de energia eólica para seu gerenciamento. Estudos recentes têm adotado a perspectiva de redes para a compreensão e o aprimoramento das relações nos PIOs. Nesses estudos, os PIOs são entendidos como uma rede de atores interdependentes que pode ser detalhada a partir de suas propriedades estruturais em vários níveis. O mapeamento da rede, sua análise e caracterização a partir de múltiplos níveis iluminam questões até então complexas para o desenvolvimento dos parques eólicos. A introdução do nível triádico permitiu novas visões aos aspectos estruturais e posicionais dos atores. As redes são um fenômeno relativamente recente, e o campo de estudos ainda se ressente com a falta de pesquisas que abordem as estruturas relacionais entre os atores. A utilização conjunta de abordagens quantitativas, com a adoção da Análise de Redes Sociais, e qualitativas, com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, possibilitou incorporar diferentes (e complementares) perspectivas de análises ao fenômeno. Em termos acadêmicos, uma das contribuições da pesquisa foi o desenvolvimento de um conceitual teórico para as propriedades estruturais dos PIOs em vários níveis, reforçando o poder explicativo da estrutura frente ao dos atributos individuais dos atores. Outra contribuição foi a identificação de relações e papéis-chave para a estruturação de modelos de gestão mais efetivos. Relações informais, invisíveis nas redes de fornecimento e contratos, acontecem dentro de uma lógica cooperativa, e são importantes na coordenação do projeto. Em termos gerenciais, as contribuições centraram-se na compreensão da estrutura relacional dos PIOs, de seu funcionamento, e em aspectos relacionados às implicações das propriedades estruturais para seu gerenciamento. A composição e organização dos PIOs foi revelada assim como a importância da cooperação ou de uma estrutura relacional que estimule a cooperação entre os participantes do projeto. / One of the priorities of sustainable world agenda is promoting the use of renewable energy sources, like wind power. The growth of this source developed an industry in Europe and in the United States to supply the demand of these precursors markets. Recently (in the last decade), Brazil along with China and India has been investing in wind generation and emerging on the world scenario. The deployment of wind farms happens through inter-organizational projects (IOPs), involving shared activities among companies with different interests and capabilities in an environment of risks and uncertainties. This research aims to contribute to the still new topic of the wind industry IOPs, having support in recent progress of knowledge on networks and structural properties. Its main goal is to understand how the characteristics of networks established in the context of wind power generation IOPs affect the development of Brazilian initiatives. Recent studies have adopted social networking perspective for understanding and improving relations in IOPs. In these studies, IOPs are understood as a network of interdependent actors that can be detailed from their structural properties at various levels. Network mapping, analysis and characterization from multiple levels shed light to issues hitherto complex for the development of wind farms. The introduction of the triadic level, still little explored in studies of interorganizational networks, enables new visions to actors structural and positional aspects. The networks are a relatively new phenomenon, and the field of study still resents the lack of research that address the relational structures between the actors. The joint use of quantitative approaches, with the adoption of social network analysis, and qualitative, based on semi-structured interviews, made it possible to incorporate different (and complementary) analysis perspectives to the phenomenon. In academic terms, one of the research contributions was the development of a theoretical framework for the structural properties of IOPs on many levels, reinforcing the explanatory power of the structure over the individual attributes of the actors. Another result was the identification of relations and key roles for structuring more effective management models. Informal relations, invisible in supply and procurement networks, happen within a cooperative logic and are important in coordinating the project. In managerial terms, the contributions focused on understanding the relational structure of the IOPs, their operation, and issues related to the implications of the structural properties to its management. The composition and organization of IOPs was revealed as well as the importance of cooperation or of a relational structure that encourages cooperation between project participants.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-25T20:12:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Fatima Auxiliadora B L Romi.pdf: 1810504 bytes, checksum: a7a8ab10e0a1ebaf575e6fcd4f62424b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-09-05T18:24:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Fatima Auxiliadora B L Romi.pdf: 1810504 bytes, checksum: a7a8ab10e0a1ebaf575e6fcd4f62424b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-05T18:24:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Fatima Auxiliadora B L Romi.pdf: 1810504 bytes, checksum: a7a8ab10e0a1ebaf575e6fcd4f62424b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / A análise de redes estabelece um novo paradigma na pesquisa sobre a estrutura social e pode ser aplicada em estudos de diferentes situações e questões sociais. Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a contribuição das redes sociais informais para o crescimento profissional das pessoas, de modo particular, no ambiente acadêmico, em um curso de Mestrado em Sistemas de Gestão da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). A Metodologia empregada foi a Técnica de Análise das Redes Sociais (ARS), com a utilização de software UCINET e NETDRAW. Buscou-se evidenciar a forma de interação dos componentes do universo estudado e o fluxo da informação, considerando-se os fatores: trabalho, amizade e confiança. O desenvolvimento desse estudo caracterizou-se pela identificação do grupo analisado, definição da situação problema, elaboração e aplicação de questionário qualitativo. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa identificaram os principais atores, a forma de interação entre eles, seus papéis na rede social e a relevância desta rede para o crescimento profissional dos mesmos. / Network analysis provides a new paradigm in research on social structure and can be applied in studies of different situations and social issues. This study aims to determine the contribution of informal social networks for professional growth of people, especially in the academic environment, in a Master's degree in Systems Management from Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). The methodology adopted was Social Networks Analysis (SNA) technique, with the use of the software UCINET and NETDRAW. We sought to emphasize the interaction of the components of the studied universe and the flow of information, considering the factors: work, friendship and trust. The development of this study was characterized by the identification of the group being analyzed, definition of problem situation, developing and implementing qualitative questionnaire. The results obtained in the research identified the main actors, the way of interaction among them, their role in the social network and the relevance of this network for professional growth of themselves.