Orientador: Silvio José Benelli / Resumo: Nosso objetivo nesta pesquisa consistiu em estudar a dinâmica histórica do processo de institucionalização da política pública de Assistência Social a partir do referencial teórico da Análise Institucional (AI). Realizamos uma revisão tanto de literatura documental, incluindo leis relativas à política pública de Assistência Social, quanto de bibliografia acadêmica, por meio de teses, dissertações, livros e artigos científicos que abordavam a temática pesquisada. Buscamos estudar os processos inventivos e instituintes, os avanços e os retrocessos do processo histórico de formação dessa política, que culminaram no instituído em discursos legais e técnicos atuais que compõem a política pública de Assistência Social. Fizemos uma AI de papel, uma análise de cunho teórico sobre o campo de análise, tendo como recorte a instituição Assistência Social. Compreendemos que o processo de institucionalização da Assistência Social é complexo, formado por momentos instituintes e instituídos, que podem ser detectados por meio do discurso oficial presente nos textos que regulamentam essa instituição. A Assistência Social foi criada como resposta a problemas e forma de equacionamento deles, dirigida às demandas sociais, a partir da sociabilidade capitalista, marco que lhe impõe muitos impasses. Relacionando-se intrinsicamente com a tensão existente entre capital e trabalho, pode ser compreendida como direcionada para a classe social pobre e subordinada, que não dispõe de condições mínimas de su... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Our objective in this research was to study the historical dynamics of the process of institutionalization of Social Assistance’s public policy from the theoretical reference of Institutional Analysis (IA). We conducted a revision of both documentary literature, including laws on Social Assistance’s public policy, as well as academic bibliography, through theses, dissertations, books and scientific articles that address the researched theme. We sought to study the inventive and instituting processes, advances and setbacks in historical development of this policy, which culminated in the institute embodied in current legal and technical speeches that make up the public policy of Social Assistance. We made a paper IA, a theoretical framework analysis about the field, here framed as the institution of Social Assistance. We understand that the institutionalization process of Social Assistance’s institution is complex, formed by instituting and instituted moments, which can be detected through the official discourse present in the texts that regulate this institution. The Social Assistance was created as a response and a way of solving problems, directed to social demands, based on the capitalist sociability, a framework that imposes many impasses. Intrinsically related to the existing tension between capital and labor, it can be understood as directed to the social class that does not access minimum conditions of subsistence. The social and public policy of Social Assistance is a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Le traitement fiscal de l’usufruit de droits sociaux n’est pas toujours en cohérence avec les principes issus du droit privé. Ce décalage est critiquable. L’usufruitier supporte une pression fiscale importante. Il est difficile de trouver un régime fiscal global et cohérent de l’usufruit de droits sociaux. L’absence d’organisation juridique spécifique à l’usufruit de droits sociaux réglementant le partage des prérogatives entre l’usufruitier et le nu-propriétaire accroît la difficulté. L’usufruit de droits sociaux se situe lui-même au confluent de deux disciplines totalement étrangères l'une à l'autre : le droit des biens et le droit des sociétés. Cette dualité suppose une approche interdisciplinaire. L’application du critère civiliste de répartition de l’imposition conduirait à taxer l’usufruitier sur la jouissance du bien et le nu-propriétaire sur la propriété du capital. L’étude du régime fiscal de l’usufruit de droits sociaux conduit à abandonner ce critère de répartition de l’imposition. Le critère de répartition de l’imposition entre usufruitier et nu-propriétaire doit être recherché dans la logique pragmatique du droit fiscal / The taxation approach of the usufruct of social rights isn’t always in accordance with the principles coming from private law. This discrepancy is questionable. The usufructuary bears an important fiscal pressure. It is hard to find a global and consistent tax system for the usufruct of social rights. The difficulty is increased by the lack of a legal organisation specific to the usufruct of social rights, which would regulate the sharing of prerogatives between the usufructuary and the bare-owner. The usufruct of social rights is situated on the common ground between two fields with very little in commun: property law and corporate law. This duality involves an interdisciplinary approach. The enforcement of the civil criterion of distribution of the taxation would lead to taxing the usufructuary for the right of use of the property and the bear-owner for ownership of the capital. The study of the taxation system of the usufruct of social rights leads to the renunciation of this criterion. The tax distribution criterion between the usufructuary and the bear-owner has to be sought in the pragmatic spirit of tax law.

The life of labour migrants from third countries in the Czech Republic brings many social problems which foreigners have to solve. Their position in the Czech Republic is mainly determined by setting the legislation of residence permit. Foreigners have a specific social rights by type of residence. The author accounts with the laws of the Czech Republic and with the role of public and private institutions active in the field of migration and integration of foreigners. Also in the context of the regulations and recommendations of the European Union. The author had included the most important social aspects of life in society, such as social security, health, housing and education with special focus on the field of labour. The subject of this thesis is analysis of the status of foreigners in the social conditions of life in the Czech republic.

Un chef d'entreprise peut s'adresser à un successeur potentiel, pour le convaincre de la bonne mesure de son œuvre à lui vendre, en liant une partie de son prix aux futures performances de l'entreprise. Cette formule d'intéressement comme composante de prix de vente, nous vient des États-Unis d'Amérique où est utilisée pour la désigner, l'expression «earn out». Le verbe anglais «earn» signifie «gagner» et l'adverbe « out » signifie «dehors». Avec ces deux courts mots, l'un de quatre lettres, l'autre de trois, les anglo-saxons parviennent à dénommer la technique particulière de transmission d'entreprise en société, qui consiste à parier sur l'avenir, en donnant à celui qui est désormais en «dehors» du capital social, l'occasion de participer à la vie et aux « gains » de cette entreprise. Cette modalité de complément de prix, s'exprime dans les accords entre vendeur et acquéreur, par l'introduction d'une clause dite d'earn out. / No English summary available.

No description available.

This research focuses on the possibility of discrimination towards men and any violation of men's right to parenthood. In modern times, the obsolete prejudices about men and their detachment from the upbringing of children started fading; thus is urged to examine the actual situation of men in the matter. That is to say, this paper addresses the issue from its ontological definition to the stipulated by legal bodies. It reviews the data about fathers’ (singles or in a same-sex relationship) personal experiences and society's reception of this new form of family. It compares the situation between men and women, analyzes the information, and intends to discover if there is any pattern that reflects a bias against men and the desire to become a father.

The right to strike and lock-out This master's thesis deals with the topic of the right to strike and right lock-out, which has proven to be a rather controversial theme in the Czech Republic and Czech law discourse. The thesis ponders the subject in its broad context in the Czech law environment as well as examines its relations towards International and European law context. The main aim is to provide a complex and through insight on the matter, define it and state its main challenges and pitfalls, and valorise Czech law environment around the strike. The structure of the thesis consists of two main parts. The first part focuses on the right to strike in detail and is divided into eight chapters, whereas the second part deals with the right to lock-out. The first chapter serves as an introductory to the examined matter and defines the basic terms such as "strike" or "walkout" and puts their meaning into the law context. Furthermore it describes various methods and kinds of strikes, actors and participants and scale of strikes. The second chapter examines the historical developments and ramifications. From medieval times to the state-capitalist dictatorships before the year 1989, it seeks to draw the main lines of development and the driving force behind it. The third chapter focuses on the related rules...

[pt] O presente trabalho visa a examinar, por meio de uma abordagem analítica, a trajetória da cidadania e sua materialização em termos de políticas sociais, no contexto da América Latina e de sua conjuntura política e social contemporânea, como contraponto aos modelos clássicos desses conceitos. Desta maneira, será problematizada a efetivação da cidadania social, enquanto elemento da noção de cidadania ampliada. Para tanto, será necessário identificar as ligações entre o pano de fundo histórico, político e social da cidadania moderna e seu desenvolvimento teórico. Isso servirá de marco para a análise da incorporação desse conceito na prática política da América Latina, e a compreensão dos significados dos déficits de efetivação da cidadania social em termos democráticos. Tal demonstra a relevância da escolha do tema ante as acentuadas desigualdades verificadas atualmente na região. Nas conclusões, serão agrupadas as problematizações extraídas das análises feitas ao longo da pesquisa e apresentadas novas questões que permanecem em aberto e demandam futuras reflexões. / [en] This research intends to examine, through an analitical approach, the path of citizenship and its implementation in terms of social policies, in the context of Latin America and its contemporary political and social conjuncture, as a counterpoint to the classical models of these concepts. Therefore, in order to present questions about social citizenship efetivation, considered as an element of the enlarged citizenship notion. For this, it will be necessary to identify the conections between the historical, social and political background of the modern citizenship and its theoretical development. Thus, it will be applied as a landmark to analyse the insertion of this concept in Latin American political practice and in the comprehension of the deficit´s of execution meanings of the social citizenship, in a democratic sense. So, the afore mentioned shows the subject´s choice relevance in view of the extremed inequalities identified nowadays in the region. Moreover, during the conclusion, it will be gathered the problems extracted from the analysis made throughout the research and news questions will be launched to demand future reflection.

A partir da Constituição Federal de 1988, são introduzidos novos contornos ao ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. O texto constitucional incorpora diversos direitos sociais e dá caráter normativo a princípios de justiça social. No direito privado, verifica-se, também, a introdução de um conteúdo social por meio da inserção de cláusulas gerais na legislação infraconstitucional, especialmente no que diz respeito aos contratos. Nesse novo quadro institucional, o Poder Judiciário passa a ocupar lugar de destaque, pois há um deslocamento de decisões políticas e sociais dos Poderes Legislativo e Executivo para o Judiciário. Observa-se um crescimento exponencial da judicialização de casos envolvendo os direitos sociais, principalmente no que tange a questões relacionadas à saúde. A judicialização tem atingido também as relações contratuais entre particulares. Todavia, nessa atuação do Judiciário podem ser identificados problemas, como a falta de preocupação com os impactos produzidos pelas decisões na sociedade. Dentro desse contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar empiricamente a forma como os ministros do Superior Tribunal de Justiça decidem conflitos contratuais no campo da saúde suplementar. Para tanto, a primeira parte do trabalho é dedicada à caracterização e contextualização do setor da saúde suplementar brasileiro. Após, relato de forma breve o histórico de sua regulamentação. A segunda parte do trabalho aborda os principais aspectos jurídicos e econômicos que envolvem os contratos de plano de saúde. Na terceira parte, são apresentados os resultados quantitativos obtidos a partir de coleta e sistematização de dados das decisões judiciais analisadas. Por fim, na quarta e última parte do trabalho, é feito um esforço de reflexão crítica acerca dos argumentos trazidos pelos ministros do STJ, a luz, principalmente, da literatura de análise econômica do direito, sendo verificado se há alguma relação, ainda que hipotética, entre a forma de decidir dos juízes e possíveis efeitos socioeconômicos apontados pela doutrina. / From the 1988 Brazilian Constitution, are introduced alterations in the Brazilian legal system. The Constitution incorporates many social rights and gives normative character to principles of social justice. In private law, there is also the introduction of a social content through insertion of general terms in the infra-constitutional legislation, especially as regards contracts. In this new institutional framework, the Judiciary holds a prominent place, because there is a shift of political and social decisions of the Legislative and Executive to the Judiciary. There is an exponential growth of judicialization of cases involving social rights, especially in regard to health issues. The judicialization has also reached the contractual relations among individuals. However, problems can be identified in this proceeding of the Judiciary, such as lack of concern about the impacts of the decisions in society. In this context, the aim of this study is to analyze empirically how the justices of the Superior Court of Justice decide contract disputes in the private healthcare sector. In order to do such, the first part of the work is dedicated to the characterization and contextualization of Brazilian private healthcare sector. After, it is briefly presented the history of its regulation. The second part addresses the main legal and economic aspects involving health insurance contracts. In the third part, I present the quantitative results obtained from data collection and systematization of judicial decisions analyzed. Finally, in the fourth and final part of the work, a critic effort is made to analyze the arguments brought by justices of the Superior Court of Justice, in the light of the economic analysis of law, and also examined whether there is any relationship, even though hypothetical, between how the judges decide possible socioeconomic effects pointed by doctrine.

A tese tem como objeto compreender, no campo da história das ideias jurídicas, a forma pela qual se equacionou a relação entre democracia e direitos sociais na Constituição brasileira de 1934, utilizando como perspectiva de análise e como baliza comparativa o constitucionalismo francês dos anos 1920 e 1930. Trata-se de um período de particular interesse para o estudo constitucional, tendo em vista a crise das premissas liberais, premissas que, por certo, haviam permitido a expansão democrática, mas que, até mesmo em função disso, se viram insuficientes como resposta única diante da irrupção da questão social. Na França, não há alteração constitucional, e é a doutrina do direito público que absorve a tarefa de responder à nova realidade, o que faz de diferentes modos. No Brasil, se por um lado as premissas liberais não são postas em prática, afastando a massificação democrática nos anos 1930, por outro lado a revolução que leva Getúlio Vargas ao poder e a necessidade de uma nova Constituição obrigam a Assembleia Constituinte a lidar com novas e velhas questões, isto é, tanto com a democracia liberal ainda por se concretizar quanto com os novos direitos sociais que marcam as Constituições modernas. O objetivo da tese é descrever de que forma se travou esse debate no processo constituinte brasileiro, por meio sobretudo dos registros da época, buscando identificar tanto influências quanto semelhanças e divergências com o caso francês, reposicionando a matéria na história das ideias jurídicas. / This work examines, from the standpoint of the history of legal ideas, the way in which the relation between democracy and social rights was dealt with in the Brazilian Constitution of 1934, using the French constitutionalism of the 1920s and 1930s both as an analytical perspective and as a point of comparison. This historical period has great interest to constitutional studies due to the crisis of liberal propositions that was taking place; propositions which, of course, had allowed a democratic expansion, but, and even because of that, had proved themselves insufficient as a unique response to the outburst of the so-called social question. In France, there is no change in the Constitutional regime, and it is the legal doctrine that assumes the task of responding in various ways to the new reality. In Brazil, on the one hand, the liberal propositions had not been fully materialized, something that restrained any significant democratic expansion during the 1930s. On the other hand, the revolution that had led Getúlio Vargas into power and the claim for a new Constitution forced the Constitutional Assembly to deal with both old and new problems, in other words, with both the liberal democracy yet to be materialized and the new social rights that characterized modern Constitutions. The aim of this work is to describe the way this debate developed during the Brazilian constitutional process, specially by analyzing the historical sources, and searching to identify influences from, as well as similarities and differences with the French case, repositioning the subject in the history of ideas.