A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the degree of Masters by Research in Media Studies, Johannesburg, March 2017 / In post-colonial, post-apartheid South Africa, “media wars”1 appear to have become a strong feature. Traditionally, the news media rarely report about other media. Media wars seem to manifest themselves more when news publications subject each other to critical scrutiny. Recent media wars between newspaper companies and editors have highlighted the agonistic pluralist nature of the South African print media which is facing persistent and complex disruptions. This research asserts that a notable feature of these media fights is that they are linked to the battle to gain market share in the South Africa print media market stranglehold by big media organisations. They are often couched in ideological discourses which are constitutive of editors and media owners speaking out publicly about issues internal to the media in order to carry the freight of public attention. The foci of this study will be two-fold: Firstly, it seeks to investigate whether these media wars are related to the broader issues of transformation in the South African print media. Secondly, the study seeks to unravel how some of the country’s leading news publications represent their competitors using editorial platforms and will investigate the editorial motivations behind certain representations. Despite the growing interest in media wars, South Africa is still underrepresented due to a lack of literature published in the field. The main rationale behind the study is to show how the media’s ‘independence’ from political parties plays itself out in ideological discourses found in the tensions between newspaper companies and editors in the period between 2010 and 2015. Two examples or case studies of media fights will be critically examined in this study and a qualitative discourse analysis will be undertaken in order explore the ways in which the media war texts spoke to or problematised the main theories employed in this study, namely: Critical Political Economy (CPE) of the media and Michel Foucault’s material post-structuralism blended with Bourdieu’s concept of the ‘media field’. Keywords: media wars, agonistic media space, market share, ideological discourses, transformation, representations. / XL2018

This study aimed to examine the reasoning among first line managers concerning the law from 2012 which gives older couples the right to continue living together even when only one of them needs special housing for service and care. We used a qualitative method with data collected through individual semi-structured interviews with six care managers in different municipalities in Sweden. The theoretical approach and interpretative framework for the analysis consisted of Michael Lipsky’s theory of street-level bureaucracy, Roine Johansson’s swedish adaption of this theory and Max Weber’s theory about social actions. We found that there was little variation in how the interviewed care managers used the law and the guidelines to support the work in the organisation rather than seeking individually based solutions for the elderly. The main conclusion of our study was that the law concerning the cohabitation guarantee for elderly has made little difference.

L’exclusion sociale est aujourd’hui l’une des questions sociales majeures de nos sociétés, qu’elles soient développées ou en voie de développement.En France, le régime de l’aide et de l’action sociales a connu, au fil des temps, une évolution importante, aux niveaux juridique, administrative et financière, au terme de laquelle ce pays a pu assurer à toutes les personnes en situation d’exclusion une aide sociale destinée à répondre à leurs besoins primordiaux, et une action sociale visant à leur permettre d’améliorer ladite situation.Au Liban, l’aide et l’action sociales, règlementées par quelques textes éparpillés, demeurent jusqu’ici en grande partie l’oeuvre des associations caritatives et institutions religieuses, en l’absence de plan social adopté par l’État dans ce domaine.La présentation de l’expérience française, très riche en la matière, permet d’offrir de nouvelles perspectives en vue de la mise en place au Liban d’un régime socio-juridique d’aides et d’actions en faveur notamment de la famille, de l’enfance, des personnes handicapées, des personnes âgées dépendantes et d’autres. Grâce à l’institutionnalisation d’un droit de l’aide et de l’action sociales, le Liban pourrait ainsi évoluer vers un « État social », c’est-à-dire un État qui reconnaît et garantit des droits sociaux à chacun et à tous. / Social exclusion is today one of the major social issues of our societies, whether developed or developing. In France, the system of social assistance and social action has, over time, undergone a significant evolution, at the juridical, administrative and financial levels, which has enabled it to ensure to all persons in situations of exclusion, social assistance to answer their primordial basic needs ; and social action to help them overcome the situation. In Lebanon, aid and social action, regulated by a few scattered texts, have so far largely been the work of charitable associations and religious institutions, in the absence of a social plan adopted by the State in this domain. The presentation of the French experience, very rich in the material and field, allow to offer new perspectives for the establishment in Lebanon of a socio-juridical regime and rule of aids and actions for the family, childhood, the disabled, dependent elderly, and others. Through the institutionalization of a social aid and social action law, Lebanon could evolve as a "Social State" that recognizes and guarantees social rights for everyone and for all.

The aim of the present research is to advance a general predictive model of the social psychological processes underlying collective action in contexts where collective action is met with significant repression by the authorities. The model integrates the recent advancements in the collective action literature and examines the unique predictive role of anger and fear (emotional pathway), political, identity consolidation and participative efficacies (instrumental pathway), politicised identification (identity pathway) as well as moral obligation, over and above past participation. Moreover, the research investigates how perceived risk, due to government sanctions, shapes these antecedents and the willingness to engage in collective action. Five survey studies (Studies 1 to 5) test this model in various repressive contexts (i.e., Egypt, Hong Kong, Russia, Ukraine, and Turkey). In addition, one experimental study (Study 6) examines the causal relation between perceived risk and (a) the antecedents of collective action and (b) the action intentions in a British sample. The results confirm the intensifying role of perceived risk, whereby it indirectly spurs further resistance through shaping the antecedents of collective action. The results also suggest that protesters are intrinsically motivated to engage in collective action when placed under risk. Specifically, although not motivated by political efficacy, protesters are strategic as they are motivated by the likelihood to consolidate the identity of their protest movement and the likelihood of their own participation to incrementally contribute to achieving the desired goals. Moreover, they are emotional, politicised and dutiful as their outrage towards how the authorities treat the protesters, their identification with their protest movement, as well as their sense of moral responsibility encourage them to take action despite the risks.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:34:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tathyana Gouvea da Silva.pdf: 1422548 bytes, checksum: 25d8a7fa23d4be3a67841b918002be65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation aims to identify, to describe and to understand the actions of the school principals. To do such, the actions of four principals who have worked in a public middle school of the state net located in São Paulo were followed during one year (from September of 2008 until August of 2009). It was intended to notice which are the actions of the school principal, what motivates those actions and what are its implications. This analysis is supported on the Weber´s theory about social action and bureaucracy and in the concepts of action and practice of Gimeno Sacristan. For the comprehension of the action it was sought to identify the legal attributes of the position and characterizes the school organization and the investigated people. It was done through historic-legal survey, observations, not structured interviews and the application of an inquiry form with the four principals. The analysis of the actions based on the analytic model of Gimeno Sacristan supplied evidences that the principals perform seven kinds of actions educational and professional assistance, social environment, coordination, control, information sharing, management and representation, which arises from the rules which comes with bureaucracy and of the current situations brought up by the school´s singularity. The actions of the school principal are showed directly on the school organization, in its social structure, lay-out and management, at the same time being the base of the experience of the human-beings who perform it and the source of change or maintenance of the structures which compose the culture / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar, descrever e compreender as ações dos diretores escolares. Para tanto, acompanhou-se durante um ano (Setembro de 2008 a Agosto de 2009) as ações de quatro diretoras que trabalharam em uma escola estadual de ensino fundamental localizada na cidade de São Paulo. Pretendeu-se observar quais são as atividades que os diretores realizam, o que motiva tais ações e quais as implicações destas, baseando a análise na teoria de Weber sobre ação social e burocracia, e nos conceitos de ação e prática de Gimeno Sacristán. Para a compreensão da ação buscou-se identificar as atribuições legais do cargo e caracterizar a organização escolar e os sujeitos investigados, por meio de um levantamento histórico-legal, de observações, de entrevistas não estruturadas e pela aplicação de um questionário junto às quatro diretoras. A análise das ações, baseada no modelo analítico de Gimeno Sacristán, deu indícios de que os diretores realizam sete tipos de ação: de assessoria pedagógica e profissional, de clima social, de coordenação, de controle, de distribuição de informações, de gestão e de representação. São ações decorrentes de normas advindas da burocracia e das emergências cotidianas criadas pela singularidade da escola. As ações dos diretores se evidenciam diretamente na organização escolar, em sua estrutura social, física e administrativa, ao mesmo tempo que são a base da experiência dos sujeitos que as realizam e fonte de mudança ou manutenção das estruturas que compõem a cultura

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-12-14T13:01:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Edvaldo Pereira da Silva_.pdf: 2026746 bytes, checksum: 6a2a8de8619eb280528a17060f31c742 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-14T13:01:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edvaldo Pereira da Silva_.pdf: 2026746 bytes, checksum: 6a2a8de8619eb280528a17060f31c742 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-24 / Nenhuma / O tema desta tese são os Institutos Federais, localizados na Região Norte do Brasil, como ato-res sociais executores da política pública de educação profissional. O objetivo foi contribuir para a compreensão do processo social de constituição dessas instituições, a partir da identifi-cação dos limites e possibilidades de sua contribuição para a integração regional, o desenvol-vimento local e o combate às desigualdades, em decorrência da pertinência de sua definição legal e dos efeitos práticos de sua ação social. Levando em consideração as condições estrutu-rais e de funcionamento dessas instituições, o estudo pretendeu investigar se elas podem real-mente corresponder às expectativas geradas em torno de sua criação, segundo a percepção de seus gestores. A partir da contextualização da educação profissional no país e da Rede Federal na Região Norte, contrasta os pressupostos de criação, objetivos e finalidades dessas institui-ções com as condições estruturais de seus processos de implantação e a realidade concreta em que estão inseridas. O problema investigado coloca em evidencia, junto aos gestores, o questi-onamento se essas instituições podem realmente atender às expectativas delineadas para sua função social, segundo os pressupostos da lei 11.892/08, e como podem fazê-lo. A fundamen-tação teórica buscou referências que, reconhecendo a diversidade dos contextos sociais e a complexidade das relações, dimensões e fatores inerentes à estruturação e à organização da vida em sociedade, permitam sustentar os argumentos e considerações acerca dos Institutos Federais e de suas ações. Assim, a complexidade e diversidade das questões envolvidas na si-tuação-problema e a própria dinâmica do contexto social puderam ser consideradas na ampli-tude de suas extensões, como variáveis que tanto podem ser influenciadas, quanto influenciar na dinâmica de funcionamento dessas instituições. Como procedimento metodológico foram selecionados três Institutos, como casos a serem estudados. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de questionário e realização de entrevista, sistematizados e considerados, segundo os procedimentos da análise de conteúdo. Nas considerações finais, é feito o reco-nhecimento das limitações deste estudo, consciente de que o assunto não foi esgotado, mas com a convicção de que os objetivos propostos foram alcançados, permitindo respostas consis-tentes à situação-problema. Chega-se à conclusão de que, entre as disposições legais e o dis-curso oficial, há um dilema posto para os Institutos Federais, em relação aos sentidos de sua função social: ou agem como escolas obedientes e atendem, em seus processos formativos, às demandas do processo produtivo, ou redimensionam suas ações e focalizam nas perspectivas do desenvolvimento humano. Nesse contexto, a possibilidade de realizar impactos sociais pe-los Institutos Federais é relativa, dependendo dos sentidos das ações de seus agentes sociais e da reciprocidade nos contextos interno e externo. O tema desta tese continua em aberto, pro-pício à realização de outros trabalhos, inclusive, com a participação de atores sociais ainda não considerados. / The theme of this thesis are Federal institutions located in the northern region of Brazil, as so-cial actors executors of public policy professional education. The objective was to contribute to the understanding of the social process of establishment of such institutions, from the iden-tification of the limits and possibilities of its contribution to regional integration, local devel-opment and the fight against inequality, due to the relevance of its legal definition and the practical effects of its social action. Taking into account the structural conditions and func-tioning of such institutions, the study sought to investigate whether they can actually meet the expectations generated around its creation, according to the perception of their managers. From the context of professional education in the country and the Federal Network in the North, contrasts the assumptions, goals and purposes of these institutions with the structural conditions of their deployment processes and the reality in which they are inserted. The prob-lem investigated puts in evidence among the managers, questioning whether these institutions can really meet the expectations outlined for its social function according to the assumptions of the 11.892/08 law and how they can do it. The theoretical foundation sought references that, recognizing the diversity of social contexts and the complexity of the relationships, di-mensions and factors involved in the structuring and organization of life in society, may sup-port the arguments and considerations of Federal Institutions and their actions. Thus, the complexity and diversity of the issues involved in the problem situation and the dynamics of the social context might be considered in the amplitude of their extensions, as variables that can be influenced, how much influence the dynamics of functioning of such institutions. As methodological procedure three institutes were selected as cases to be studied, the data were collected through questionnaires and conducting interview, systemized and considered in ac-cordance with the procedures of content analysis. In the final considerations is the recognition of the limitations of this study, aware that the subject was not exhausted, but with the convic-tion that the goals were achieved, enabling consistent answers to the problem situation. One arrives at the conclusion that, between the legal provisions and the official discourse there is a dilemma for the Federal Institutes in relation to the senses of its social function, or act as obe-dient and schools meet in their formative processes demands of the productive process, or resize your actions and focus on human development perspectives. In this context, the possi-bility of fulfilling the social function of the Federal Institutes is relative, depending on the di-rections of their social agents and reciprocity, in internal and external contexts. The theme of this thesis is still open, conducive to the realization of other works, including with the partici-pation of social actors have not yet considered.

Accounts of sexual abuse appear daily in the media. Rightfully, this issue demands attention. Juveniles may be victims; they may also be offenders who are subject to sex offender registration and notification (SORN) policies. Growing research finds that SORN policies fail to achieve intended public policy outcomes. Little is known, however, about the unintended consequences of SORN for juvenile offenders. This study contributed to a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of these policies on this population. Merton's concept of manifest and latent functions of purposive social action and an alternate non-criminogenic form of Lemert's secondary deviance proposition provided the theoretical framework. Research questions focused on whether a relationship exists between sex offender registration for a juvenile offense and severity of depression in current and former registrants after maturation into adulthood, and whether the relationship persists. A quantitative causal-comparative study was conducted using self-reported survey data from a non-probability sample of 59 registrants. Multiple regression analysis found SORN had a significant positive predictive relationship to severity of depression in adults currently registering for a juvenile offense as compared to former registrants, and the control group of those never registered, as measured by the Public Health Questionaire-9. A significant persistent depressive effect was not found in former registrants. Findings validate concerns that SORN may have iatrogenic effects for juvenile offenders; these findings also suggest that alternate, non-criminogenic forms of secondary deviancy appear to be associated with this policy. This understanding of the net effects of SORN informs policy decision makers and has social change implications for future sexual abuse prevention policies that may have greater likelihood of efficacy.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2007. / Title from title page screen (viewed on Sept. 19, 2008). Thesis advisor: Schuyler Huck. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1984.

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Social Sciences