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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Empowering stories : a topic, a method, a theory

Marlett, Nancy J. January 1997 (has links)
No description available.
2

“Narrativas en torno a la Intervención Social desplegada por ONG`s de Desarrollo colaboradoras del Estado: un proceso dialógico para la construcción de conocimiento situado desde sujetos vinculados a la Intervención Social Estatalizada”

Acuña Olivares, Ana María January 2015 (has links)
Magíster en Psicología, mención Psicología Comunitaria / La comprensión de las prácticas de Intervención Social desplegadas actualmente por Organizaciones No Gubernamentales de Desarrollo [ONGD´s] emergidas en dictadura y que hoy se posicionan como colaboradoras del Estado ha estado marcada por una retórica del quiebre y ruptura respecto al quehacer crítico que les dio origen y sentido. Se totaliza así la comprensión de su quehacer actual y se invisibilizan otras comprensiones acerca de las nociones y prácticas de intervención que se ponen en juego en dichos espacios. Desde un posicionamiento crítico hacia los discursos totalizantes, la presente investigación tuvo por objeto construir una narrativa comprensiva en torno a la Intervención Social desplegada por estos organismos, desde la experiencia y mirada situada de 4 sujetos que participan cercanamente al fenómeno en estudio. Utilizando la metodología de Producciones Narrativas se logró difractar el conocimiento en torno al fenómeno, articulando una mirada comprensiva y situada desde la vivencia de los sujetos participantes que complejiza la mirada hacia de intervención social desplegada por ONGD vinculadas al Estado, en tanto da cuenta de tensiones, acciones críticas, resistencias y agenciamientos impulsados por procesos identitarios e históricos construidos por estos organismos en un espacio transaccional de poder. Understanding the Social Intervention practices currently displayed by NGOs emerged in dictatorship which nowadays are positioned as a partner of the state that has been marked by a break-up and rupture rhetoric about critical task that gave them origin and meaning. Thus the total understanding of the current task and other invisible understandings about the notions and practices of intervention that are at stake in those spaces. From a critical point of view, towards the totalizing discourses, this research aimed to build a comprehensive narrative about the Social Intervention displayed by these organisms, from the experience and view of 4 subjects closely involved with the phenomenon under this research. Using the Narrative Productions methodology diffract knowledge about the phenomenon, articulating a comprehensive view which is situated from the experience of participating subjects that complicates the social intervention view deployed by NGO linked to the State. while we realize tensions, critical actions, resistances promote by identity and historical processes built by these organisms in a transactional space power
3

O cérebro sócio-musical: estudo de uma experiência de educação musical / The Socio-Musical Brain: Study of a music education experience

Moisés, Alexandre Antonio Mateus 28 March 2016 (has links)
A prática musical tem efeitos positivos no desenvolvimento humano, envolvendo aspectos cognitivos, emocionais, motivacionais e sociais, que implicam em alterações no processamento cerebral. O número de Programas de Educação Musical (PEMs) com enfoque em populações jovens em vulnerabilidade social tem crescido no Brasil e no mundo. Dessa maneira, torna-se importante a realização de estudos que verifiquem os efeitos de PEMs no desenvolvimento destas populações. O objetivo do presente estudo é investigar os impactos de uma experiência de um PEM sobre os aspectos psicológicos de seus estudantes, mais especificamente a autoestima, as habilidades sociais e o funcionamento executivo. A coleta de dados foi realizada em um PEM da cidade de Ribeirão Preto SP e em duas escolas regulares de ensino, uma particular e outra da rede pública. Participaram do estudo 69 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 10 e 17 anos, divididos em três grupos, a saber: Grupo Iniciante (GI), composto por alunos com até 12 meses de matrícula no PEM; Grupo Experiente (GE), composto por alunos com mais de 24 meses de matrícula no PEM; e Grupo Controle (GC), constituído por participantes sem qualquer envolvimento com aprendizado musical. Cada grupo foi composto por 23 estudantes. Os três grupos de participantes responderam aos seguintes testes psicológicos: Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR), Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) e Teste de Stroop. Também foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com todos os estudantes dos grupos GI e GE, dez estudantes do PEM que não compuseram nenhum grupo por não possuírem o pré-requisito de tempo de matrícula exigido, seis responsáveis legais dos estudantes e doze profissionais do PEM. As entrevistas tiveram a função de fornecerem relatos verbais a respeito dos impactos percebidos nos estudantes pelo envolvimento com o PEM. Os dados dos testes psicológicos foram analisados através dos testes estatísticos ANOVA, Mann-Whitney e t de Student e as entrevistas foram analisadas através da investigação qualitativa em educação. As análises dos testes psicológicos mostraram que os GI e GE não possuem diferenças entre si para nenhuma das variáveis de estudo. O GC apresentou escores inferiores aos GI e GE para a Autoestima e escores superiores para Solidão e Ansiedade Social, indicando que o envolvimento com o PEM pode acarretar em ganhos nessas habilidades. A partir da análise das entrevistas foram construídas três categorias de codificação relacionadas a impactos comportamentais do envolvimento com o PEM, a saber: relacionamento interpessoal, desenvolvimento de habilidades intrapessoais e envolvimento com música e desenvolvimento humano na perspectiva de profissionais e responsáveis legais. A análise das entrevistas indicou que a participação no PEM está relacionada a impactos positivos na autoestima, habilidades sociais e funcionamento executivo dos participantes. Os resultados foram discutidos buscando interrelaciona-los de maneira a integrar os dados colhidos por meio dos testes psicológicos e através das entrevistas. Conclui-se que a participação em PEMs com enfoque no resgate social de populações vulneráveis possui influência no desenvolvimento de crianças e adolescentes, indicando que o uso da educação musical caracteriza uma importante estratégia de intervenção social. / The musical practice has positive effects on human development, involving cognitive, emotional, motivational and social aspects, which imply changes in brain processing. The number of Music Education Programs (MEPs) with a focus on young people in social vulnerability has grown in Brazil and worldwide. Thus, it is important to conduct studies that verify the effects of MEPs in the development of these populations. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of an experience of a PEM on the psychological aspects of their students, more specifically self-esteem, social skills and executive functioning. Data collection was carried out in a MEP the city of Ribeirão Preto - SP and two regular education schools, one private and another in public schools. The study included 69 children and adolescents aged 10 to 17 years, divided into three groups, namely: Beginner Group (BG), composed of students with up to 12 months of enrollment in PEM; Experienced group (EG), composed of students over 24 months of enrollment in PEM; and Control Group (CG) consisting of participants without any involvement with musical learning. Each group consisted of 23 students. The three groups of participants answered the following psychological tests: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSS), Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) and Stroop Test. They were also carried out semi-structured interviews with all students of the BG and EG groups, ten students of the MEP not composed any group for not having the registration time prerequisite required, six legal guardians of students and twelve professional of the MEP. The interviews had the function of providing verbal reports about the perceived impacts on students for their involvement with the MEP. The data of psychological tests were analyzed using statistical tests ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and t Student and interviews were analyzed by qualitative research in education. The analysis of psychological tests showed that the BG and EG have no differences between them for any of the study variables. The CG showed lower scores than BG and EG for Self-esteem and higher scores for Solitude and Social Anxiety, indicating that engagement with the MEP can result in gains in these skills. From the analysis of the interviews were built three coding categories related to behavioral impacts of engagement with the MEP, namely: \"interpersonal relationship\", \"development of intrapersonal skills\" and \"involvement with music and human development from the perspective of professional and legal guardians\". The data analysis showed that participation in the MEP is related to positive impacts on Self-esteem, Social Skills and Executive Functioning of the participants. The results were discussed seeking interrelates them in order to integrate the data collected by means of psychological tests and through interviews. It concludes that participation in MEPs focusing on social rescue vulnerable populations have influence on the development of children and adolescents, indicating that the use of music education features an important strategy for social intervention.
4

O cérebro sócio-musical: estudo de uma experiência de educação musical / The Socio-Musical Brain: Study of a music education experience

Alexandre Antonio Mateus Moisés 28 March 2016 (has links)
A prática musical tem efeitos positivos no desenvolvimento humano, envolvendo aspectos cognitivos, emocionais, motivacionais e sociais, que implicam em alterações no processamento cerebral. O número de Programas de Educação Musical (PEMs) com enfoque em populações jovens em vulnerabilidade social tem crescido no Brasil e no mundo. Dessa maneira, torna-se importante a realização de estudos que verifiquem os efeitos de PEMs no desenvolvimento destas populações. O objetivo do presente estudo é investigar os impactos de uma experiência de um PEM sobre os aspectos psicológicos de seus estudantes, mais especificamente a autoestima, as habilidades sociais e o funcionamento executivo. A coleta de dados foi realizada em um PEM da cidade de Ribeirão Preto SP e em duas escolas regulares de ensino, uma particular e outra da rede pública. Participaram do estudo 69 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 10 e 17 anos, divididos em três grupos, a saber: Grupo Iniciante (GI), composto por alunos com até 12 meses de matrícula no PEM; Grupo Experiente (GE), composto por alunos com mais de 24 meses de matrícula no PEM; e Grupo Controle (GC), constituído por participantes sem qualquer envolvimento com aprendizado musical. Cada grupo foi composto por 23 estudantes. Os três grupos de participantes responderam aos seguintes testes psicológicos: Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR), Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) e Teste de Stroop. Também foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com todos os estudantes dos grupos GI e GE, dez estudantes do PEM que não compuseram nenhum grupo por não possuírem o pré-requisito de tempo de matrícula exigido, seis responsáveis legais dos estudantes e doze profissionais do PEM. As entrevistas tiveram a função de fornecerem relatos verbais a respeito dos impactos percebidos nos estudantes pelo envolvimento com o PEM. Os dados dos testes psicológicos foram analisados através dos testes estatísticos ANOVA, Mann-Whitney e t de Student e as entrevistas foram analisadas através da investigação qualitativa em educação. As análises dos testes psicológicos mostraram que os GI e GE não possuem diferenças entre si para nenhuma das variáveis de estudo. O GC apresentou escores inferiores aos GI e GE para a Autoestima e escores superiores para Solidão e Ansiedade Social, indicando que o envolvimento com o PEM pode acarretar em ganhos nessas habilidades. A partir da análise das entrevistas foram construídas três categorias de codificação relacionadas a impactos comportamentais do envolvimento com o PEM, a saber: relacionamento interpessoal, desenvolvimento de habilidades intrapessoais e envolvimento com música e desenvolvimento humano na perspectiva de profissionais e responsáveis legais. A análise das entrevistas indicou que a participação no PEM está relacionada a impactos positivos na autoestima, habilidades sociais e funcionamento executivo dos participantes. Os resultados foram discutidos buscando interrelaciona-los de maneira a integrar os dados colhidos por meio dos testes psicológicos e através das entrevistas. Conclui-se que a participação em PEMs com enfoque no resgate social de populações vulneráveis possui influência no desenvolvimento de crianças e adolescentes, indicando que o uso da educação musical caracteriza uma importante estratégia de intervenção social. / The musical practice has positive effects on human development, involving cognitive, emotional, motivational and social aspects, which imply changes in brain processing. The number of Music Education Programs (MEPs) with a focus on young people in social vulnerability has grown in Brazil and worldwide. Thus, it is important to conduct studies that verify the effects of MEPs in the development of these populations. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of an experience of a PEM on the psychological aspects of their students, more specifically self-esteem, social skills and executive functioning. Data collection was carried out in a MEP the city of Ribeirão Preto - SP and two regular education schools, one private and another in public schools. The study included 69 children and adolescents aged 10 to 17 years, divided into three groups, namely: Beginner Group (BG), composed of students with up to 12 months of enrollment in PEM; Experienced group (EG), composed of students over 24 months of enrollment in PEM; and Control Group (CG) consisting of participants without any involvement with musical learning. Each group consisted of 23 students. The three groups of participants answered the following psychological tests: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSS), Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) and Stroop Test. They were also carried out semi-structured interviews with all students of the BG and EG groups, ten students of the MEP not composed any group for not having the registration time prerequisite required, six legal guardians of students and twelve professional of the MEP. The interviews had the function of providing verbal reports about the perceived impacts on students for their involvement with the MEP. The data of psychological tests were analyzed using statistical tests ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and t Student and interviews were analyzed by qualitative research in education. The analysis of psychological tests showed that the BG and EG have no differences between them for any of the study variables. The CG showed lower scores than BG and EG for Self-esteem and higher scores for Solitude and Social Anxiety, indicating that engagement with the MEP can result in gains in these skills. From the analysis of the interviews were built three coding categories related to behavioral impacts of engagement with the MEP, namely: \"interpersonal relationship\", \"development of intrapersonal skills\" and \"involvement with music and human development from the perspective of professional and legal guardians\". The data analysis showed that participation in the MEP is related to positive impacts on Self-esteem, Social Skills and Executive Functioning of the participants. The results were discussed seeking interrelates them in order to integrate the data collected by means of psychological tests and through interviews. It concludes that participation in MEPs focusing on social rescue vulnerable populations have influence on the development of children and adolescents, indicating that the use of music education features an important strategy for social intervention.
5

A Casa dos Cata-Ventos : variações sobre o futuro, a inutilidade e a sede

Pedroso, Anderson Beltrame January 2013 (has links)
Esta dissertação versa sobre a experiência da Casa dos Cata-Ventos, uma proposta de trabalho com crianças e famílias em situação de vulnerabilidade social desenvolvida em Porto Alegre/RS. Tem por objetivo apresentar o cenário histórico no qual a ação da Casa dos Cata-Ventos ocorre e os fundamentos da aposta que fazemos. Este modelo de trabalho se inspira na Maison Verte, criada por Françoise Dolto em Paris, e na Casa da Árvore, ONG que atua na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. No primeiro capítulo contextualizo a discussão, apresentando uma historiografia sucinta do tema que, embora não ambicione se constituir numa genealogia, busca apresentar as rupturas do campo discursivo que toma as formas de atenção à infância como objeto. Parto daquilo que determinou as condições de possibilidade da educação como estratégia de formação dos cidadãos e da força de trabalho necessária à manutenção do modo de produção capitalista. O segundo e o terceiro ensaio situam-se mais propriamente sobre o campo da experiência da Casa dos Cata-Ventos. O segundo apresenta a experiência e as raízes que a inspiraram. Nele discuto o que chamo de uma aposta na dimensão política do brincar, recuperando o conceito de brincar na psicanálise – enfatizando as contribuições de D. W. Winnicott e Ricardo Rodulfo – e a fenomenologia da vita activa, exposta por Hannah Arendt na obra A Condição Humana. O terceiro ensaio é inspirado num conjunto de cenas vividas na Casa dos Cata-Ventos e busca avançar na discussão de uma clínica do território, acompanhando algumas linhas de composição da subjetividade que se forma em espaços de privação, onde as garantias constitucionais de direitos não se efetivam, deixando um vasto campo para que o ressentimento se estruture como estratégia de sobrevivência e a violência se imponha de forma massiva e autoritária. Busco, contudo, apoio na literatura de Guimarães Rosa para apontar as linhas de fuga desta forma de captura da subjetividade. / This dissertation talks about the experience of the Casa dos Cata-Ventos, a proposal to work with children and families in social vulnerability developed in Porto Alegre/RS. Aims to present the historical setting in which the action of Casa dos Cata-Ventos occurs and the foundations of the bet we do. This working model is inspired by Maison Verte, created by Françoise Dolto in Paris, and the Casa da Árvore, an NGO active in the city of Rio de Janeiro. In the first chapter I contextualize the discussion by presenting a brief history of the subject that, although does not ambition to constitute a genealogy, aims to present the discursive field's breaks that takes the forms of child care as an object. I take off from what determined the conditions of possibility of education as a strategy of citizens formation and the strength of work necessary to maintain the capitalist mode of production. The second and third essays lie more properly on the experience field of the Casa dos Cata-Ventos. The second one presents the experience and the roots that have inspired it. In it I discuss what I call a bet on the political dimension of playing, recovering the concept of playing in psychoanalysis - emphasizing the contributions of D. W. Winnicott and Ricardo Rodulfo - and the vita activa's phenomenology, exhibited by Hannah Arendt in The Human Condition. The third essay is inspired by a group of scenes experienced in the Casa dos Cata-Ventos and seeks to advance the discussion of a territory clinic, following a few lines of subjectivity composition which are formed in deprivation areas, where constitutional guarantees of rights do not actualize, leaving a vast field for that resentment is structured as a survival strategy and that violence is imposed in a massive and authoritarian way. I seek, however, support in the literature of Guimarães Rosa to show the vanishing points of this form of subjectivity capturing.
6

Entre as palavras e a intervenção social: análise de uma trajetória individual em uma ação de educação ambiental interpretada a partir da filosofia da práxis / Between words and social intervention: analysis of an individual trajectory in an environmental education action interpreted from the philosophy of praxis

Malagodi, Marco Antonio Sampaio 24 April 2009 (has links)
Essa pesquisa aborda um esforço de compreensão e de elaboração da dialética de uma ação desenvolvida pelo autor no campo da educação ambiental, fazendo emergir os desafios da integração entre teoria e prática na produção científica. Embora não tenha se estruturado como uma pesquisa-ação, a investigação resultou no esclarecimento da distância que a separa daquela metodologia. O objeto da pesquisa foi inicialmente a trajetória do autor através do acontecimento do Curso de formação de agentes locais de sustentabilidade (2003-2004) promovido pela Universidade de São Paulo e financiado por uma empresa brasileira do setor de celulose e papel. Inicialmente pretendeu-se demonstrar a tese de que a pouca dedicação à dimensão teórica naquela prática (representada pelas imprecisões no uso das palavras que se empregava) poderia indicar uma obstrução significativa da dialética teoria-prática nas formas de pensamento-linguagem do autor, dificultando a reflexividade crítica que se pretendia alcançar neste processo formativo. Seguindo as pistas de uma pedagogia da práxis, desenvolveu-se um estudo filológico a partir das noções de dialética, filosofia da práxis e pedagogia, interrogando-se sobre o conceito de práxis. Essa investigação levou o pesquisador a revisitar algumas trajetórias de sua iniciação no campo da educação ambiental. Entre as interpretações que se tornaram possíveis na argumentação da tese, entendeu-se que para o favorecimento de uma vertente crítica e emancipadora em educação ambiental faz-se relevante a compreensão da herança marxista aí presente como filosofia da práxis, e igualmente relevante a compreensão das críticas que essa herança recebeu ao longo do século XX. Entre elas, destacou-se as contribuições de Cornelius Castoriadis e de Jürgen Habermas, este último influenciado pelo pragmatismo e empenhado na superação do paradigma da subjetividade a filosofia do sujeito em direção ao paradigma do entendimento recíproco uma filosofia da intersubjetividade. Por outro lado, percebeu-se que a relevância da intervenção social para tal vertente na educação ambiental pode ser melhor realizada na compreensão e problematização da proposta da pesquisa-ação de Kurt Lewin (influenciada pelo pragmatismo) pela perspectiva da filosofia da práxis, como em René Barbier. Ao final conclui o autor que o conceito de práxis compreendido como a ação intersubjetiva que favorece simultaneamente a autonomia individual e coletiva permitiu-lhe a reinterpretação de sua trajetória como uma etapa necessária da própria dialética que buscou compreender, ressignificando assim a própria tese que pretendeu demonstrar, uma vez que a relativa desobstrução da dialética teoria-prática em sua ação educativa só pôde ser parcialmente demonstrada: uma demonstração integral insere-se no desafio de se estruturar um processo formativo inscrito em uma pesquisa-ação, em diálogo com o debate aqui apresentado. / This research addresses an effort of comprehension and elaboration of the dialectics of an action developed by the author in the field of environmental education, giving rise to the emerging of challenges of integration between theory and practice in scientific production. Although it has not been structured as an action research, the investigation resulted in the clarification of the distance that separates it from that methodology. Initially, the object of research was the authors pathway through the Training course for sustainability local agents (2003-2004) promoted by University of São Paulo (USP) and funded by a Brazilian company from pulp and paper industry. The first intention was to demonstrate the argument that the little dedication to theoretical dimension within that practice (represented by inaccuracies in the use of words employed) could indicate a meaningful obstruction of dialectical relationship between theory and practice in forms of author\'s thought and language, hindering the critical reflexivity which constituted the target to achieve in this formative process and encouraging. Following the tracks of pedagogy of praxis, a philological study was developed, starting from the notions of dialectics, philosophy of praxis and pedagogy, questioning the concept of praxis. This investigation has led the researcher to revisit some trajectories of his own initiation in the field of environmental education. Among the interpretations that have become possible in the argumentation of the thesis, it was thought that for the encouragement of a critical and emancipatory branch in environmental education, it is important to understand the marxist legacy present there as philosophy of praxis, and it is equally relevant to understand the criticism that this inheritance has received during the twentieth century. Among them, the contributions of Cornelius Castoriadis and Jürgen Habermas were highlighted, the latter influenced by pragmatism and committed in overcoming the paradigm of subjectivity - the philosophy of consciousness - towards the paradigm of mutual understanding - a philosophy of intersubjectivity. On the other hand, it was realized that the relevance of social intervention for such stream in environmental education can be better accomplished by understanding and questioning the proposal of action research of Kurt Lewin (influenced by pragmatism) through the perspective of philosophy of praxis, as in René Barbier. In the end, the author concludes that the concept of praxis understood as the intersubjective action that encourages both individual and collective autonomy enabled him to reinterpret his history as a necessary stage of the very dialectics he intended to comprehend, thus redefining the very thesis he sought to demonstrate, since the relative clearance on dialectical relationship between theory and practice in his educational action could only be partially demonstrated: a full statement is included in the challenge of building a training process inserted into an action research, in dialogue with the discussion presented here.
7

L'Impact du théâtre d'intervention sociale sur le développement du Burkina Faso / The impact of social intervention theater on the development of Burkina Faso

Tiendrebeogo, Pingdewinde Issiaka 18 January 2018 (has links)
Le théâtre est un outil de communication qui participe au développement social et économique du Burkina Faso. C’est autour des années quatre-vingt qu’une poignée d’artistes et d’intellectuels africains ont conceptualisé cette pratique artistique afin qu’elle devienne un moteur de développement pour nos masses laborieuses. En effet, cette thèse est partie de l’hypothèse selon laquelle, le théâtre d’intervention sociale contribue aux efforts de sensibilisation. Il s’est agit d’une part d’étudier l’histoire de ce théâtre, ses thèmes, ses formes, son évolution, ses enjeux esthétiques et d’autre part, à travers un corpus, une collecte de matériaux audiovisuels et une enquête sociologique auprès des spectateurs et des compagnies théâtrales de montrer l’incidence de son action sur les populations burkinabé. L’ensemble des matériaux de cette enquête scientifique nous a permis de réaliser un film documentaire qui accompagne cette recherche.Les résultats auxquels nous sommes parvenu attestent enfin qu’à travers la sensibilisation par le théâtre d’intervention sociale, les populations adoptent des comportements favorables aux changements de comportements et de mentalités. / Theatre is a communication tool that participates in the social and economic development of Burkina Faso. It is in the eighties that a handful of African artists and intellectuals conceptualized this artistic practice to make it a driving force of development for our working masses. Indeed, this doctoral thesis has started from the hypothesis according to which the theatre of social intervention contributes to the efforts of awareness. It consists, on the one hand, in the study of the history of this theatre, its themes, forms, evolution, aesthetic stakes and, on the other hand, through a corpus and a sociological survey with spectators and theatre companies, in showing the impact of its action on the Burkinabe populations.The bulk of materials gathered in this scientific enquiry helped me to produce a documentary film that illustrates this research.The results to which I have reached are that through sensitization by the theatre of social intervention, people adopt behaviours that are favorable to the changes of behaviours and mentalities.
8

Comparing early parental warmth and effective management as predictors of child conduct and emotional problems

Villadsen, Aase January 2016 (has links)
<b>Introduction:</b> Identifying aspects of parenting that are protective for child emotional and behavioural outcomes is important for informing parenting intervention. Attachment theory and social learning theory represent two major theories that propose different mechanisms for how parenting influences child functioning. The aim of this study was to compare dimensions of early positive parenting associated with these two theoretical frameworks as predictors of child conduct and emotional problems. <b>Method:</b> Data were from a US based longitudinal study (the Early Steps study, Dishion et al., 2008) following a sample of 731 toddlers from age 2 to 7.5, from low income families and at high risk of early onset of child problem behaviours. Associations between observed parenting (age 2-3 and age 5) and parent reported child externalising and internalising behaviour (age 3, 4, 5 and 7.5) were examined in structural equation models. <b>Results:</b> Parenting related to attachment theory ('warmth') had little short-term association with child outcomes, but over time this parenting dimension increasingly predicted lower levels of child problems. Parenting associated with social learning theory ('effective management') was related to lower child conduct and emotional problems short-term, but in the long-term it had no predictive effect on child functioning. <b>Discussion:</b> Differences between parenting dimensions in terms of their respective short-term and long-term effects might be explained by the underlying mechanisms linking parenting and child outcomes. Attachment theory emphasises internal and emotional processes, and these may be slow building but more enduring. Social learning theory proposes that behaviours are driven largely by external motivations and inspirations, and these might be relatively instantaneous but short-lived. <b>Conclusion:</b> Results of this study indicate that early childhood parenting associated with attachment theory is an important protective factor for children's longitudinal outcomes. For enhancing longer term, more enduring outcomes, it is likely that parent intervention and prevention programmes in early childhood should emphasise programme components drawing on attachment theory. However, it would be necessary to test this before making any firm recommendations.
9

Domestic Violence: The Adolescents' Perspectives on the Barriers and the Facilitators of Social Intervention : A Systematic Literature Review

Gonçalves, Catarina January 2018 (has links)
Domestic violence is often experienced as a crisis period, and it may impact children’s well-being, everyday functioning and development. To promote these minors’ resilience, social intervention is extremely important. The support and responses attributed to these children are not always adequate for their needs and interests. Considering children’s perspectives on social intervention is crucial to improve and to provide complete social work responses. A systematic literature review was conducted, aiming to analyze how children exposed to domestic violence characterize the barriers and facilitators of social intervention. Through two databases, 8 articles were found, related to adolescents’ perspectives on social intervention in situations of domestic violence. The participants were children aged 12-18 years, who were witnesses of violence between parents or who suffered abuses from one/both parent(s). Findings demonstrated the main factors of social intervention that children recognized as being negative and unhelpful (barriers), and as being positive and helpful (facilitators). The identified barriers were lateness, mistrust, lack of child perspective, passivity, lack of value, malice, boredom, and inaccessibility. On the other hand, the established facilitators were protection, trust, child perspective, active listening, value, accessibility, sympathy, sharing, and information. Implications for social workers are provided, centered on specialized trainings and guidance, and on the use of appropriate methods when intervening with children. Also, the necessity to expand the quantity of research related to the child’s perspective on social intervention is highlighted.
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AUTONOMIA EPISTEMOLÓGICA DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA / Education fhysical outnomomy epstemological

Nascimento, Tiago Alves do 28 June 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:15:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tiago.pdf: 1906947 bytes, checksum: 38dfb11b9471d7512af5b6c61c5c139e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-28 / Physical Education is historically constituted as a field devoid of an autonomous knowledge. This engendering of his field was a Physical Education colonized epistemologically other areas of knowledge. Some propositions of Physical Education sought to legitimize the Physical Education as an autonomous area.. This is the goal of this work: analyze these thesis whether the Physical Education have a epistemological autonomy. The method used was the literature review and field research hermeneutics. Was selected authors who propose to analyze the epistemological autonomy for Physical Education. When analyzing the data we found that the discourses of education open to an interpretation of epistemological autonomy as a field of intervention, producing expertise with an interest in solving immediate problems of reality unlike science studying the same object of Physical Education each one with its own statutes theorists, trying to describe, explain, mechanisms and patterns with no intention to intervene, improve, enhance, qualify that is specific to Physical Education. / A Educação Física historicamente é constituída como um campo desprovido de um saber autônomo. Tal engendramento de seu campo constituiu uma Educação Física colonizada epistemologicamente por outras áreas do saber. Algumas proposições da Educação Física buscaram legitimar a Educação Física como uma área autônoma. Este é o objetivo do presente trabalho: analisar nestas teses se a Educação Física se constitui com uma autonomia epistemológica. O método adotado foi o de revisão de literatura e uma pesquisa de campo hermenêutica. Foram selecionados autores que se propõem a avaliar a autonomia epistemológica para a Educação Física. Ao se analisar os dados observou-se que os discursos da educação se abrem a uma interpretação de autonomia epistemológica enquanto campo de intervenção, produzindo conhecimentos específicos com interesse em solucionar problemas imediatos da realidade diferentemente das áreas científicas que estudam o mesmo objeto da Educação Física cada uma com seus estatutos teóricos próprios, tentando descrever e explicar, mecanismos e padrões sem o objetivo de intervir, melhorar, aperfeiçoar e qualificar o que é específico da Educação Física.

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