La recherche en santé mentale reconnaît plusieurs habiletés aux travailleurs sociaux. Cependant, lorsqu’il est question de médication, élément central du plan de traitement en santé mentale, on constate que l’on attribue surtout aux travailleurs sociaux le rôle de veiller à l’observance de ce traitement. Pourtant, la recherche scientifique montre que prendre des médicaments est une expérience complexe et comporte des impacts psychosociaux. Pour les intervenants sociaux, ce contexte constitue une opportunité d’explorer avec les personnes qu’ils accompagnent, les différentes facettes de cette expérience. Cette opportunité n’est pas seulement remarquée par les professionnels mais aussi par des voix de la marge, celles de personnes qui ont vécu un problème de santé mentale et qui ont vu la médication entrer dans leur vie. C’est à partir de cette perspective que l’approche de la Gestion autonome de la médication (GAM) a été élaborée et permet de considérer les dimensions expérientielles et psychosociales de la prise de médicaments. La GAM propose, par des pratiques d’accompagnement individuel ou de groupe, de soutenir l’usager pour qu’il puisse porter un regard critique sur sa médication, s’assurer que celle-ci soit bien au service de sa qualité de vie et apporter des changements en conséquence. Cette étude réalisée auprès de 19 intervenants sociaux ayant participé à une formation sur la GAM, s’intéresse à leurs pratiques en lien avec la médication psychiatrique et à l’accueil qu’ils ont réservé à la GAM. Un état des connaissances par rapport à l’intervention sociale et la médication y est présenté ainsi qu’une description détaillée de la GAM. Des conclusions sont tirées sur la formation GAM et sur la formation des travailleurs sociaux. / Mental health research recognizes several skills in social workers. However, when it comes to medication—fundamental element of the mental health treatment plan—one notes that social workers are mainly attributed the role of seeing to the patient’s acceptance of the treatment. And yet, scientific research shows that taking medication is a complex experience which entails psychosocial impacts. This context then presents an opportunity for social workers to explore the different facets of this experience with the people they accompany. This opportunity is not only put forth by professionals, but also by voices from the margins, those of people who have lived through a mental health problem and dealt with medication becoming a part of their lives. It is from this perspective that the Gestion autonome de la medication (GAM) approach allows to consider the experiential and psychosocial dimensions of medication-taking. Through individual intervention or group meetings, the GAM offers support to individuals taking medication in order to help them have a critical look on their medication and to furthermore ensure that the medication consumed is in the best interest of their quality of life. This study was conducted on 19 workers in the field of social intervention, who had participated in the GAM training. The goal was to learn more about their respective practices in relation to psychiatric medication as well as how the GAM has been received by them. A literature review on social intervention and medication is introduced, as well as a detailed description of the GAM. Conclusions will be elaborated on the GAM training and the professional training of social workers.

Pendant longtemps, l’assimilation a été la manière privilégiée par le gouvernement canadien pour intégrer les communautés autochtones à la société canadienne. Les pratiques des intervenants sociaux non-autochtones se situaient alors principalement dans cette idéologie et, par conséquent, ils ont contribué à opprimer les Autochtones. En raison de ces événements historiques, l’intervention sociale non-autochtone n’a pas très bonne réputation dans les communautés autochtones du Canada. En effet, bien que l’intervention sociale s’actualise dans le présent, elle est teintée d’une histoire et réinterprétée à partir des mémoires collectives et individuelles. Cette recherche s’inscrit alors dans une réflexion sur les fondements et la nature du travail social non-autochtone en milieu autochtone au Canada. L’objectif de ce mémoire est donc de comprendre comment des intervenants sociaux non-autochtones se perçoivent dans le contexte de leur pratique auprès des populations autochtones au Canada. Les données furent recueillies lors d’entrevues semi-dirigées réalisées auprès de onze intervenants sociaux allochtones pratiquant dans des contextes différents, mais tous auprès des Premières Nations ou Inuits au Canada. La théorie des représentations sociales nous a guidée dans l’analyse qualitative des données collectées. Au terme de cette recherche, nous avons constaté que les intervenants sociaux non-autochtones rencontrés ont des représentations assez critiques envers le travail social non-autochtone en milieu autochtone. Cela les amène à se percevoir différemment, voire plus positivement, par rapport à leurs perceptions de leur profession dans les contextes autochtones. Leur univers de représentations professionnelles influence donc le développement d’une pratique qui se situe en marge des approches occidentales dominantes actuelles. / For a long time, assimilation was the government’s method of choice when integrating Indigenous communities into Canadian society. Non-native social workers’ practices figured predominantly within this ideology, and consequently, they contributed to the oppression of the Natives. Due to these historic events, non-native social intervention has a poor reputation in Indigenous communities in Canada. In fact, even though social intervention is presently evolving, it is still tainted by its history and reinterpreted by the collective and individual memories of the oppressed. It is therefore deemed important to study the way in which non-native social workers situate themselves with regards to these issues. This paper focuses primarily on the fundamentals and the nature of non-native social work in an indigenous context in Canada. The purpose of this research is to understand how non-native social workers situate and perceive themselves during their work with Natives. The data were collected during semi-structured interviews with 11 non-native social workers in various social environments, but all with First Nations people or Inuits of Canada. The social representation theory guided this research to a qualitative analysis of the data collected. During this research, it was found that social workers have a critical representation of social work in a non-native context. This brings them to perceive themselves differently, even more positively, compared to the perceptions they have of their professions in this Indigenous context. Their professional representations therefore influences the development of a practice situated on the periphery of current dominant Western approaches.

Cette thèse montre comment une politique socioéducative locale, déployée à la croisée de plusieurs secteurs publics (éducatif, social, santé, loisir,…) et révélatrice de l’évolution actuelle des modes d’intervention sociale (individualisation, activation, contractualisation,…), est appropriée, construite et transformée par les acteurs de terrain, ainsi que dans l’interaction avec les usagers. À partir de l’étude du dispositif de Réussite éducative à Toulouse de 2006 à 2009, ce travail de recherche met en exergue les différentes phases qui ont balisé l’intégration et la structuration de cette nouvelle action publique sociale locale. D’une réception critique de la part des professionnels socioéducatifs locaux à une acceptation et une mobilisation progressives, nos investigations montrent comment les acteurs locaux ont contribué à transformer ce dispositif en une politique « palliative » et présentiste afin de répondre aux carences, aux dysfonctionnements du système socioéducatif local. C’est alors une adhésion « relative » à cette nouvelle politique publique que nous observons, dans le sens où les réticences exprimées au départ par les acteurs ne disparaissent pas, mais sont mises de côté compte tenu des besoins existants et de l’urgence des situations. Les acteurs ne sont pas dupes des tentatives de modification du système et continuent à y résister en cherchant à instrumentaliser le dispositif. Toutefois, l’adhésion, si relative soit-elle, finit par ouvrir progressivement la voie du changement sous l’effet de la création d’une succession de dispositifs, dont la Réussite éducative fait partie, qui tendent à promouvoir un nouveau paradigme social. / This thesis shows how local social and educational policy, deployed at the crossroad of several public sectors (educative, social, health, leisure, ...) and representative of the current trends in social intervention paths (individualisation, activation, contracting, ...) is appropriate, constructed and transformed by actors on the field, as well as in the interaction with users. From the study of the Educational Success operation in Toulouse from 2006 to 2009, this research highlights the different phases that have marked the integration and structuring of this new local social public action. From a critical reception by the local socio-educative professionals to a progressive acceptance and mobilization, our investigations show how local actors contributed to transforming the operation into a "palliative" and presentist policy in answer to the deficiencies and malfunctions of the local Socio-educative system. We then observe a "relative" adherence to this new public policy, in the sense that the reluctances expressed by the actors at the outset do not disappear, but are set aside considering the existing needs and the situations priorities. The actors are not fooled by the attempts to change the system and continue to resist them seeking to manipulate the operation. However, even if the adherence is limited, it could end by gradually opening the path to change under the influence of the a series of operation creation, including the Educational Success operation, which tend to promote a new social paradigm.

Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a expressão projeto social. A investigação partiu da identificação, delimitação e análise de imagens, pensamentos, sentidos e significações do termo, manifestados por agentes sociais envolvidos em sua prática. Estes agentes constituíram-se em sujeitos da investigação, tendo sido organizados em grupos segundo os papéis exercidos no campo prático-institucional dos projetos sociais. São eles: beneficiários, técnicos e decisores de investimentos. Utilizando-se do método ALCESTE (análise dos lexemas co-ocorrentes num conjunto de segmentos de texto) para análise das falas e do desempenho dos Grupos Operativos, no que se refere à dinâmica das interações entre os participantes em tarefa de investigação, julgamos ter identificado thematas comuns aos diferentes grupos. Estes thematas, representados pelos termos: cuidar e felicidade, emergiram como imagens e atravessaram todos os grupos, associando projeto social a noções de prover que orientam condutas de pessoas e/ou instituições para autosatisfação e/ou bem comum. Tais ideias subjazem em configurações vinculares, subjetivas e objetivas, polarizadas e hierarquizadas entre provedores e desprovidos, fortes e frágeis, habilitados e desabilitados, empreendedores e dependentes, as quais condicionam posições de incluídos ou aspirantes à inclusão social. Em função do pertencimento dos participantes da pesquisa a diferentes coletivos sociais, as sociedades são vistas como comunidades em que se vive ou como conexões entre localidades e planeta sob uma ótica geopolítica globalizada de enfoque econômico. Com base no desenvolvimento da pesquisa e da análise das representações sociais do objeto projeto social sob a inspiração da teoria crítica de Adorno, aponta-se para abertura de uma reflexão crítica. Do conjunto das representações depreendem-se dois aspectos a serem dialetizados: (1) o lado conhecido construções racionais de planos de intervenções sobre necessidades/problemas sociais, visando soluções ou transformações em direção a realidades desejadas e (2) o lado obscuro núcleos de interações sociais dinamizados por projetos nos quais se entrevê três âmbitos imbricados: o psicossocial, estruturado por relações entre desiguais e de forma hierarquizada; o epistemológico, em que vigoram formas de pensamento naturalizado e cisões entre pensamento concreto e abstrato; e o político, circunscrito ao jogo de forças que podem viabilizar, dificultar, reduzir ou inviabilizar projetos. Na semântica subjacente denota-se ausência de conotações referentes à Justiça Social nas dimensões psicossocial, epistemológica e política, o que causa perplexidade. Isso porque a ideia de Justiça poderia e deveria fundamentar construções racionais e condutas direcionadas à realização dos Direitos Humanos como paradigmas para imaginar realidades ideais, orientadoras da ação nos projetos investigados. / This research aims to study the expression social project. The investigation originated in the identification, delimitation and analysis of images, thoughts, feelings and meanings of this term, as they were expressed by social agents directly involved in such practice. These agents were the subjects in our investigation and were organized in groups according to their roles in the institutional and practical realm of social projects, namely: beneficiaries, technicians and investment decision-makers. Using the ALCESTE method (lexical analysis of co-occurring words within a setting of text segments) for analyzing speeches and the performance of Operative Groups in so far as the dynamics of interactions between participants was concerned, we consider that common thematas have been identified in different groups. Such thematas, as manifested by the following expressions: caring for and happiness, emerged as images and could be found in all groups, thus associating social project to notions around providing, which orient behaviors of people and/or institutions towards self-satisfaction and/or general welfare. These ideas underlie link configurations that are subjective and objective, polarized and hierarchical between providers and destitute, strong and frail, capacitated and incapacitated, enterprisers and dependent, and these shall condition positions of either included or aspiring to social inclusion. Due to research participants belonging to different social groups, societies are seen as communities where either one lives in, or as connections between specific places and the planet, under an economic point of view of globalized geopolitics. Based on the development of this research and on the social representations analysis of the object social project, along with Adornos critical theory perspective, we come to an opening towards a critical reflection. From the whole of these representations, two aspects are gathered in order to go under dialectic scrutiny: (1) the known side rational constructions over intervention plans on social needs/issues aiming to solutions or transformations towards desired realities and (2) the dark side nuclei of social interactions turned dynamic on account of projects where three intertwined realms can be seen: psycho-social, structured over relations between the unequal under a hierarchical form; epistemological, where naturalized forms of thinking predominate and where concrete and abstract thinking are split; political, bounded to a interplay of forces that may give feasibility to, turn difficult, reduce or even render projects impossible. In the underlying semantics an absence of connotations referring to Social Justice can be found in the psycho-social, epistemological and political dimensions, which brings in some perplexity. This can be accounted for because the idea of Justice could and should base rational constructions and behaviors towards the actualization of Human Rights as paradigms used to imagine ideal realities that would orient action within the investigated projects.

Ce travail vise à la construction d'un modèle d'intervention sociale qui prend comme base conceptuelle des éléments de la théorie des systèmes sociaux développée par Niklas Luhmann. La prédominance d'une différenciation sociale fonctionnelle, caractéristique d'une société moderne, suppose un monde hétérarchique et acentrique qui oblige à abandonner les principes structurels hiérarchiques des sociétés précédentes. À cet égard, l'intervention sociale ne peut être conçue que si elle s'éloigne du modèle hiérarchique associé au contrôle social, pour ainsi aller vers des stratégies de coordination qui conduisent les systèmes vers une autorégulation. Dans ce contexte, nous proposons une intervention sociale systémique caractérisée par sa contextualité et sa réflexivité, mais aussi par son improbabilité et optionnalité, compte tenu de la clôture opérationnelle qui caractérise les systèmes sociaux. Dans ce sens, l'intervention sociale est présentée comme une offre communicationnelle qui, pour avoir lieu, doit d'abord irriter l'autoréférence des systèmes vers lesquels elle dirige sa stratégie pour ainsi être sélectionnée par ces systèmes. Ainsi, elle permettra d'établir des relations intersystémiques, fondées sur l'hétérarchie, au moyen des couplages structurels. À partir de ces caractéristiques, le cycle de l'intervention se constitue comme un processus réflexif caractérisé par sa récursivité. Il comporte les phases de l'intervention où les systèmes participants convergent dans la définition de la stratégie. Ce travail propose finalement d'observer un programme social chilien, le programme Puente [Pont], afin d'observer s'il est possible d'y identifier des éléments d'une intervention sociale systémique. / The present research aims to the construction of a social intervention model considering, as a conceptual background, a number of elements from the theory of social systems developed by Niklas Luhmann. The predominance of a functional social differentiation, typical of modern societies, supposes an acentric and heterarchical world that compels to abandon the hierarchical structural principles of the former societies. To this regard, social intervention can only be conceived if it keeps away from the hierarchical model associated with social control, in order to favor coordination strategies that lead systems toward self-regulation. Consequently, we propose a systemic social intervention characterized by its context and reflexivity, and also by its improbability and optionality, in view of the operational closure that characterizes social systems. To this end, social intervention is presented as a communicational offer which, in order to occur, must at first irritate the autoreference of the systems to which it aims its strategy, in order to thus be selected by those systems. This will allow establishing intersystem relationships through structural couplings based on heterarchy. Stemming from these characteristics, the cycle of intervention is constituted as a reflexive process marked by its recursivity. It includes the intervention stages where the participating systems converge in the definition of its strategy. Finally, this research proposes to observe a Chilean social program, in order to examine if some elements of a systemic social intervention can be identified.

Les territoires ruraux bénéficient d’une attractivité nouvelle auprès d’une partie de la population française. Pourtant, les défis qu’ont à affronter ces territoires ne sont pas minces, dans un contexte où leurs faibles densités démographiques et de services exposent certains habitants à différentes formes d’isolement et de vulnérabilités sociales. Les intervenants sociaux des campagnes ont à composer quotidiennement leurs actions, entre des publics parfois invisibles et des institutions complexes, avec des moyens matériels souvent limités. Très peu étudiés, les phénomènes d’isolement et d’intervention sociale en milieu rural donnent pourtant à voir des pratiques qui font encore lien là où l’on ne croirait trouver que déliaison. Sur la base d’une recherche « impliquée », faisant dialoguer les théories de la désaffiliation et une sociologie des attachements, cette étude propose de penser l’intervention sociale au sein des collectivités rurales, par ailleurs institutionnellement incitées à l’innovation. A l’appui d’une immersion et d’expérimentations collectives menées durant cinq ans, cette recherche présente l’esquisse d’une organisation territoriale sociable : capacitante, connectée et réflexive. / Rural areas benefit from a new attractiveness to a part of the French population. Yet, the challenges facing these territories are not small, in a context where their low population and service densities expose some people to different forms of isolation and social vulnerabilities. Rural social workers have to deal with their daily actions, sometimes between invisible public and complex institutions, with often limited material means. Not really studied, the phenomena of isolation and social intervention in rural areas yet show practices that still link where we would think to find that unbinding. On the basis of an "involved" research, bringing together the theories of disaffiliation and a sociology of attachments, this study proposes to think about social intervention in rural communities, which are also institutionally encouraged to innovate. In support of an immersion and collective experimentation carried out over five years, this research presents the outline of a sociable territorial organization: capacitive, connected and reflexive.

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-05-03T13:33:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Laura Sofia.pdf: 2303491 bytes, checksum: 4721309cfc37b85954f16fa5a2ffe633 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-03T13:33:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Laura Sofia.pdf: 2303491 bytes, checksum: 4721309cfc37b85954f16fa5a2ffe633 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-21 / Analysis on the use of the gender perspective in social intervention/ /s social workers of the health area in the city of Cali-Colombia, from the implementation of protocols of care for women in a situation of violence, public policy formulated for women. Methodologically the research follows the method of historical materialism-dialectic, with the use of the techniques of semi-structured interview and document review. A rapprochement with the historic elements that have the conformation of the profession work In Colombia and with the dynamics, strategies, tools and approaches used in the process of social intervention of/the/s social workers, trying to unravel the contradictions and conflicts inherent in the your professional practice to be inserted in the capitalist society. Also, analyzes the use tools and theories as the gender perspective, which contribute in the development of a critical view in the professional exercise, especially in of violence against women. It is concluded that the intervention Professional and approaches used in it depend on multiple determinants, but the Professional task of Social work take a critical stance the front situations that require the development of their actions, proposing to the fulfilment of this objective, the use of the gender perspective in understanding of your theoretical-methodological setting. / Análisis sobre la utilización de la perspectiva de género en la intervención social de las/os trabajadoras/es sociales del área de la salud en la Ciudad de Cali-Colombia, a partir de la implementación de los protocolos de atención para las mujeres en situación de violencia, formulados por la política pública para las mujeres. A partir de la orientación del método del materialismo histórico-dialéctico, de la técnica de entrevista semiestructurada y de la revisión documental, se hace un acercamiento sobre los elementos históricos que marcaron la conformación de la profesión de Trabajo Social en Colombia y sobre las dinámicas, estrategias, herramientas y enfoques utilizados en el proceso de intervención social de las/os trabajadoras/es sociales, intentando evidenciar las contradicciones y conflictos inmanentes de su práctica profesional, al estar inserta en las lógicas de la sociedad capitalista. Igualmente, se analiza el uso de herramientas y teorías como la perspectiva de género, que contribuyan en el desarrollo de una visión crítica en el quehacer profesional, principalmente, en la atención de las violencias contra las mujeres. De esta forma, se concluye que la intervención profesional y los enfoques utilizados en ella, dependen de múltiples determinantes, sin embargo, es tarea del profesional de Trabajo Social asumir una postura crítica frente a las situaciones que necesitan del desarrollo de sus acciones, proponiéndose para tal caso, la utilización de la perspectiva de género, comprendiendo su configuración teórico-metodológica. / Análise sobre a utilização da perspectiva de gênero na intervenção social das/os trabalhadoras/es sociais da área da saúde na Cidade de Cali-Colômbia, a partir da implementação dos protocolos de atendimento para as mulheres em situação de violência, formulados pela política pública para as mulheres. Metodologicamente a pesquisa segue o método do materialismo histórico-dialético, com o uso das técnicas de entrevista semiestruturada e da revisão documental. Faz-se uma aproximação com os elementos históricos que marcaram a conformação da profissão do Trabalho Social na Colômbia e com as dinâmicas, estratégias, ferramentas e enfoques utilizados no processo de intervenção social das/os trabalhadoras/es sociais, tentando desvendar as contradições e conflitos imanentes da sua prática profissional ao estar inserida nas lógicas da sociedade capitalista. Igualmente, analisa-se o uso de ferramentas e teorias como a perspectiva de gênero, que contribuam no desenvolvimento de uma visão crítica no exercício profissional, principalmente, no atendimento das violências contra as mulheres. Conclui-se que a intervenção profissional e os enfoques utilizados nela dependem de múltiplos determinantes, mas é tarefa do profissional de Trabalho Social assumir uma postura crítica frente as situações que precisam do desenvolvimento de suas ações, propondo-se para o cumprimento deste objetivo, a utilização da perspectiva de gênero na compreensão de sua configuração teórico-metodológica.

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo incorporar a reflexão da teoria do habitus concebida por Pierre Bourdieu, nas discussões sobre as potencialidades e limites das intervenções sociais situadas, atualmente, no âmbito do Desenvolvimento Local Sustentável. Para tanto, preocupou-se inicialmente em explorar na revisão de literatura as concepções que salientam a necessidade da adoção de uma nova práxis política, com um maior envolvimento da população e das organizações da sociedade civil, na busca de um modo sustentável de desenvolvimento. Verificou-se, no entanto, que existe uma polêmica em torno do rótulo da sustentabilidade pelo fato de existirem ações que ainda não estão comprometidas em tornar este novo paradigma um projeto integrado, fruto de relações sociais complexas envolvendo conflito, competição, cooperação e reciprocidade entre os diferentes agentes. Como base empírica desta análise é apresentada a experiência da oficina de artesanato desenvolvida pelo Projeto Pé da Serra, cujos resultados permitiram demonstrar a importância de se refletir sobre o papel mediador do habitus na imbricada relação entre sujeito e sociedade. A metodologia utilizada para este trabalho, além da revisão de literatura, baseou-se também, em duas estratégias de pesquisa de campo. Primeiramente, fez-se um estudo do meio onde se procurou caracterizar o que Bourdieu denomina de campo social, entendido como território onde se opera a estruturação do habitus durante o processo de socialização do indivíduo. Com base nestas observações, pôde-se melhor interpretar e compreender, através da história oral dos agentes envolvidos no Projeto Pé da Serra, as diferentes percepções manifestadas acerca desta intervenção social que resultaram na sua insustentabilidade. / The aim of the current work is to incorporate the reflection on the habitua theory, conceived by Pierre Bourdieu, in the discussions about the potentialities and limits of social interventions situated nowadays in the field of Sustainable Local Development. With this purpose, in the review of literature this study has initially been focused on exploring the conception that emphasizes the need of adopting a new political praxis, with a greater involvement of the population and the civil society organizations, in the search of a sustainable way of development. However, it has been verified that there is a polemic around the label of sustainability due to the fact that there are still actions that are not engaged in making this new paradigm an integrated project, the result of complex social relations involving conflict, competition, cooperation and reciprocity among the different agents. The empiric basis of the current analysis is the experience of craftwork developed by Pé da Serra Project, whose results made it possible to show the importance of reflecting upon the mediating role of the habitus in the imbricated relation between subject and society. Besides the review of literature, the methodology used was based on two strategies of field research. Firstly, a study of the environment was carried out with the aim of characterizing what Bourdieu calls social field, understood as the territory in which the structuring of the habitus takes place during the process of socialization of the individual. Based on these observations, it was possible to better interpret and understand, through the oral history of the agents involved in Pé da Serra Project, the manifested different perceptions about this social intervention which resulted in its unsustainability.

Parmi les pratiques d’intervention sociale qui se produisent quotidiennement dans les milieux institutionnel et associatif au Québec, une catégorie est particulièrement ciblée depuis quelques décennies, les jeunes ou la jeunesse. En s’inscrivant dans une démarche réflexive et exploratoire sur les fondements des pratiques d’intervention auprès des jeunes, le présent mémoire propose d’explorer le sens et la pertinence sociale de ces dernières à travers les perspectives des intervenants eux-mêmes. Pour ce faire, nous effectuons des études de cas selon une approche clinique et critique en sociologie. En allant chercher dans les témoignages d’un certain nombre d’intervenants des milieux institutionnel, communautaire et de l’employabilité leur connaissance expérientielle concernant la pratique d’intervention auprès des jeunes, nous dégageons des conceptions du social ou des sociologies implicites particulières. Se dégagent quatre idéaux-types - systémique, informationnel, normatif et clinique – qui visent respectivement l’émancipation, l’aide à l’insertion, la socialisation aux normes et le soutien humain. Notre analyse en termes de sociologie implicite explore la double question du sens selon les agents et de la fonction selon les processus engendrés. Elle permet d’articuler les conceptions que les agents sociaux se font de leur pratique avec son inscription dans le monde social. Ainsi, nous concluons que les pratiques d’intervention auprès des jeunes participent non seulement à la transformation sociale par l’ouverture d’espaces de liberté et de compréhension et par le soutien humain offert mais aussi à la normalisation et au contrôle par la constitution du marché du travail et/ou du monde adulte comme réalités auxquelles les jeunes doivent s’adapter. / Over the last several decades, one category of the population has been particularly targeted by social intervention in Quebec as elsewhere: youth. This thesis aims to examine the meaning and social relevance of intervention practices directed to youth, through a reflexive and exploratory study of their foundations as they are perceived and explained by practitioners themselves. The study involves a series of case studies carried out using an approach that blends clinical and critical sociology. By seeking out a number of practitioners’ interpretations of their practical experience, within institutional, community and employability milieux, we elicit their conceptions of the social, or the “implicit sociology”, that underlies their practices. Four ideal-typical conceptions are identified - systemic, informational, normative and clinical - which have as their objectives, respectively, emancipation, social inclusion, socialization and human support. The analysis in terms of “implicit sociology” explores the double question of meaning according to these social agents and of function according to the processes that are fostered by intervention. It allows for an articulation of the ways in which these social agents conceptualize their practices and how these practices are inscribed in the social world. We find that social intervention practices targeting youth engage not only in social transformation, through opening up spaces for freedom and understanding and through the offer of human support, but also, in “normalization” or social control, by constituting the labour market and the adult world as realities to which youth must adapt

La recherche en santé mentale reconnaît plusieurs habiletés aux travailleurs sociaux. Cependant, lorsqu’il est question de médication, élément central du plan de traitement en santé mentale, on constate que l’on attribue surtout aux travailleurs sociaux le rôle de veiller à l’observance de ce traitement. Pourtant, la recherche scientifique montre que prendre des médicaments est une expérience complexe et comporte des impacts psychosociaux. Pour les intervenants sociaux, ce contexte constitue une opportunité d’explorer avec les personnes qu’ils accompagnent, les différentes facettes de cette expérience. Cette opportunité n’est pas seulement remarquée par les professionnels mais aussi par des voix de la marge, celles de personnes qui ont vécu un problème de santé mentale et qui ont vu la médication entrer dans leur vie. C’est à partir de cette perspective que l’approche de la Gestion autonome de la médication (GAM) a été élaborée et permet de considérer les dimensions expérientielles et psychosociales de la prise de médicaments. La GAM propose, par des pratiques d’accompagnement individuel ou de groupe, de soutenir l’usager pour qu’il puisse porter un regard critique sur sa médication, s’assurer que celle-ci soit bien au service de sa qualité de vie et apporter des changements en conséquence. Cette étude réalisée auprès de 19 intervenants sociaux ayant participé à une formation sur la GAM, s’intéresse à leurs pratiques en lien avec la médication psychiatrique et à l’accueil qu’ils ont réservé à la GAM. Un état des connaissances par rapport à l’intervention sociale et la médication y est présenté ainsi qu’une description détaillée de la GAM. Des conclusions sont tirées sur la formation GAM et sur la formation des travailleurs sociaux. / Mental health research recognizes several skills in social workers. However, when it comes to medication—fundamental element of the mental health treatment plan—one notes that social workers are mainly attributed the role of seeing to the patient’s acceptance of the treatment. And yet, scientific research shows that taking medication is a complex experience which entails psychosocial impacts. This context then presents an opportunity for social workers to explore the different facets of this experience with the people they accompany. This opportunity is not only put forth by professionals, but also by voices from the margins, those of people who have lived through a mental health problem and dealt with medication becoming a part of their lives. It is from this perspective that the Gestion autonome de la medication (GAM) approach allows to consider the experiential and psychosocial dimensions of medication-taking. Through individual intervention or group meetings, the GAM offers support to individuals taking medication in order to help them have a critical look on their medication and to furthermore ensure that the medication consumed is in the best interest of their quality of life. This study was conducted on 19 workers in the field of social intervention, who had participated in the GAM training. The goal was to learn more about their respective practices in relation to psychiatric medication as well as how the GAM has been received by them. A literature review on social intervention and medication is introduced, as well as a detailed description of the GAM. Conclusions will be elaborated on the GAM training and the professional training of social workers.