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Ces dernières années, l'Algérie a amorcé un plan national ambitieux en matière de construction de logements tous types confondus. À titre d'exemple, 1,6 millions de logements sont inscrits pour réalisation dans le programme quinquennal 2015-2019. Néanmoins, et en raison du manque de main d'œuvre qualifiée, les entreprises chargées de construire ces logements ont fait appel à une main d'œuvre venue de l'étranger : la Chine, le Japon, l'Espagne, l'Égypte, etc. Devant cette situation, il a été constaté que le secteur du BTP algérien représente actuellement environ le tiers des accidents du travail et des maladies professionnelles à l'échelle nationale. Cependant, aucune indication n'est fournie sur la question de l'émergence des risques psychosociaux dus à l'organisation du travail de cette filière globalisée avec importation de mains d’œuvre. C'est la raison pour laquelle une réflexion a été initiée en ce sens, dont la réalisation d'une thèse de doctorat en France sur ces questions. Cette thèse consiste donc à acquérir les théories sur les risques psychosociaux et celles des organisations. Pour ce faire, j’ai volontairement mis l'accent sur l'historique de ces risques en Europe et surtout en France, sur la mise en agenda de l'émergence des RPS, particulièrement via l'affaire des suicides et tentatives de suicide chez France Télécom fortement médiatisée et relayée syndicalement. Pour creuser sur cette question, nous avons posé deux hypothèses d'aggravation des RPS. En premier lieu, les RPS s'aggraveraient par déséquilibre entre régulation de contrôle (managériale) trop élevée, et régulation autonome (par les employés qui organisent leur activité de la façon qui semble la mieux indiquée) en référence à la théorie de J.D. Reynaud. En deuxième lieu, les RPS s'aggraveraient par déficit de démocratie organisationnelle de forme participative, ce qui complète la première hypothèse. Cela étant dit, nous soulignons que le chapitre que nous avons consacré à l'épistémologie (les six schèmes d'intelligibilité de J.M. Berthelot qui ont été repris, amendés et opérationnalisés par Pascale De Rozario dans le cadre de l'étude du phénomène du suicide) nous a permis de faire l'inventaire des théories dédiées aux RPS et de les évaluer au regard du modèle implicite (non dit) qu'elles portent sur les relations entre organisation et individu. Il faut également souligner que nous avons opté pour une approche constructiviste, objet du dernier chapitre de la thèse. En commençant d'abord par une approche « top-down » ; nous avons utilisée notre revue de littérature théorique (J.D. Reynaud, Marie-Hélène Bacqué, Yves Sintomer et autres auteurs) pour la confronter à une revue pratique et managériale de 4 observatoires (observatoires analysés au regard des contenus sur les RPS diffusés et des manières dont ils diffusent, interprètent, explicitent les rapports entre RPS, organisation et régulation managériale de l'activité) et puis nous avons suivi une approche « bottom-up ». Et c'est à ce moment-là que nous avons fait du constructivisme. Ce dernier chapitre représente notre proposition théorique, méthodologique et opérationnelle une fois de retour en Algérie pour amorcer une politique publique nationale de sensibilisation, de gestion et de prévention des RPS, notamment au travers la mise en œuvre d'un observatoire des RPS adapté au secteur du BTP. / These last years, Algeria began an ambitious national plan on housing construction of all types. For example, 1,6 million homes are registered for realization under the five-year period 2015-2019. However and due to lack of skilled labor, companies in charge to build these homes used a workforce from abroad: China, Japan, Spain, Egypt, etc. In front of this situation, it was noticed that the sector of building and public works currently represents about a third of occupational accidents and professional diseases at national scale. However, no indication is provided on the question of emergence of psychosocial risks due to the organization of work. This is why a study was initiated in this direction, of whom the realization of a doctoral thesis in France. This thesis thus consists in acquiring theories on psychosocial risks and those of organizations. To do this, it was necessary in particular to put the accent on history of these risks in Europe and especially in France, the agenda setting on the emergence of psychosocial risks, particularly via the case of suicides and suicide attempts at France Télécom. In this wake and dig on this question, we put two hypotheses of worsening of psychosocial risks. Firstly, psychosocial risks aggravate by imbalance between regulation of control (managerial) too high, and autonomous regulation (by workers who organize their activity of the way which seems the best indicated) in reference to the theory of J.D. Reynaud. In the second place, psychosocial risks aggravate by deficit of organizational democracy of participative form, which joins and completes the first hypothesis. That being said, we indicate that the chapter that we devoted to epistemology (six schemes of intelligibility of J.M. Berthelot, which were taken, amended and operationalized by Pascale De Rozario within the framework of the study of the phenomenon of suicide) allowed us to make the inventory of theories dedicated to psychosocial risks and to evaluate them taking into consideration model which they carry on the relation between organization and individual.It should also be noted that we opted for a constructivist approach, object of the last chapter of the thesis. While starting initially with a top-down approach; we took our review of theoretical literature (J.D. Reynaud, Marie-Hélène Bacqué, Yves Sintomer and others authors) and we confronted it with a practical and managerial review of 4 observatories (observatories analyzed with regard to the contents on diffused psychosocial risks and in the manners of which they diffuse, interpret, clarify the reports between psychosocial risks, organization and managerial regulation of the activity) and then we followed a bottom-up approach. And It's at this moment there that we made constructivism. This last chapter represents our theoretical, methodological and operational proposal once return in Algeria to initiate a national public policy of sensitizing, management and prevention of psychosocial risks, in particular with through the implementation of an observatory of psychosocial risks adapted to the sector of building and public works.

Social regulation, as applied specifically to the telecommunications sector, is a new phenomenon in most countries. It was only in the 1960s, with the establishment of regulatory agencies, that social regulation became important. The regulators are mandated by their country’s legislative and regulatory frameworks to meet social objectives. This study examined the extent to which ICASA protects consumers as it is mandated to do by the Electronic Communications Act 36 of 2005. The study found that ICASA has adopted mechanisms of protecting consumers, namely by conducting awareness campaigns, road shows and workshops in all the nine provinces of South Africa in order to educate and inform consumers about the procedures of lodging complaints and to make them aware of their rights. However, despite ICASA’s endeavours to ensure consumer protection, most consumers are neither aware of their rights and how to efficiently exercise them nor the procedures of lodging complaints. ICASA protects consumers to a reasonable extent but it can do more when the enduser and subscriber service charter regulations are finalised. / Communication Science / M. A. (International Communication)

A presente dissertação procura investigar o incremento da racionalidade regulatória (ou otimização regulatória) a partir da teoria das falhas de regulação. Hoje, já parece existir um consenso teórico e prático de que a regulação e seu aparato institucional as agências reguladoras constituem fenômeno irreversível. Nesse contexto, as perguntas que se colocam são as seguintes: no plano dos resultados, o Estado Regulador tem alcançado as finalidades a que se propôs? Em caso negativo, que tipo de obstáculos o tem impedido? E mais: que providências devem ser adotadas para superá-los? Responder a tais indagações depende do reconhecimento de que não apenas os mercados são imperfeitos; também a intervenção estatal na economia gera riscos e efeitos negativos. Estudar seus tipos, suas fontes e a maneira como operam é o ponto de partida para se otimizar a regulação. O trabalho propõe uma sistematização das espécies de falhas regulatórias, baseada na proposta de Cass Sunstein, mas adaptada à realidade brasileira. A exposição é precedida de explicações introdutórias sobre o conceito de regulação; as razões para se regular; e características da regulação no Estado Democrático de Direito. Tais características conformam um ideal de racionalidade regulatória, o qual é comprometido pela instauração das falhas de regulação. Reconhecer a existência dos defeitos regulatórios e conhecê-los é já um primeiro passo para se melhorar a regulação. Mas há outros encaminhamentos deveras importantes para a prevenção e correção de falhas regulatórias. Dentre eles, destaca-se um conjunto de reformas institucionais em sentido amplo e estrito, as quais envolvem o sistema de controle pelos Poderes Legislativo, Executivo e Judiciário, e mecanismos procedimentais como a análise de impacto regulatório e a elaboração de agendas regulatórias. / This dissertation seeks to investigate the increase in regulatory rationality (or regulatory optimization) based on the theory of regulatory failures. Today, there already seems to be a theoretical (and practical) consensus that regulation and its institutional apparatus (regulatory agencies) constitute an irreversible phenomenon. In this context, the following questions are posed: in terms of results, has the Regulatory State achieved its established goals? If not, what obstacles prevented it from doing so? And moreover: what measures should be adopted to overcome these obstacles? Answering these questions depends on acknowledging that not only are markets imperfect; but also that state intervention in the economy creates negative risks and effects. Studying types, sources and how they operate is the starting point for optimizing regulation. This work proposes systematizing the types of regulatory failures, based on the proposal of Cass Sunstein, but adapted to Brazilian reality. The exposition is preceded by introductory explanations on the concept of regulation; the reasons for regulating; and characteristics of regulation in the Democratic State of Law. These characteristics conform an ideal of regulatory rationality, which is compromised by the introduction of regulatory failures. Acknowledging the existence of regulatory defects and knowing them is a first step in improving regulation. But there are other very important procedures for preventing and correcting regulatory failures, such as, and indeed in particular, a set of institutional reforms in a broad sense and strict, which involves the control system by the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary; and procedural mechanisms such as regulatory impact analysis and preparation of regulatory agendas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:50:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4711.pdf: 5080895 bytes, checksum: d472d388a431248000646b79e2b0a2f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-04 / The ERP - Enterprise Resource Planning is considered one of the most important strategies for organizations in a business scenario that reconfigures itself permanently. Most researches on this subject follows a pragmatic-interventionist orientation, predominantly, with an approach oriented to identify practices that could improve the results of ERP implementations for a series of organizational actors and few attentions has been directed to aspects of the regulation of work in the ERP environment. In this perspective, this work aims to verify how the regulation of activity by agents that interact directly with the ERP system occurs. The study was developed with the presupposition of the Theory of Organizational Act of Maggi, on three core issues: the transformation of task, coordination and cooperation. Other issues relevant to the study were addressed as the Ergonomics of the Activity. We performed a qualitative, descriptive research. For the stated purpose it was defined as a technical procedure of research the study of multiple cases. The choice of the companies fell upon those companies that adopted ERP system in the area of Planning and Production Scheduling, in different sectors of activities and that expressed a willingness to participate. With respect to data collection it were used multiple techniques: documentary, interviews and observation. The results showed that the ERP system does not include the variability of the production system and that the agents regulate the activity through the use of other tools. / O sistema ERP Enterprise Resource Planning é considerado uma das estratégias mais importantes para as organizações num cenário empresarial que se reconfigura permanentemente. As pesquisas realizadas sobre este tema seguem uma orientação pragmática-intervencionista, predominantemente, apresentando uma abordagem mais orientada a identificação de práticas que poderiam melhorar os resultados das implementações de ERP para uma série de atores organizacionais e pouca atenção tem sido direcionada aos aspectos da regulação do trabalho em ambiente ERP. Nesta perspectiva, este trabalho objetiva verificar como se dá a regulação da atividade pelos agentes que interagem diretamente com o sistema ERP como ferramenta de trabalho para tomada de decisão. O estudo foi desenvolvido tendo como pressusposto a Teoria do Agir Organizacional de Maggi, sob três questões centrais: a transformação da tarefa, coordenação e cooperação. Outros temas relevantes para o estudo foram abordados como a Ergonomia da Atividade. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva. Para o propositivo estabelecido definiu-se como procedimento técnico de pesquisa o estudo de múltiplos casos. A escolha das empresas recaiu sobre aquelas que adotaram o sistema ERP na área de Planejamento e Programação da Produção, de setores de atividades diferentes e pela disposição em participar da pesquisa. Com relação a coleta de dados optou-se por utilizar múltiplas técnicas: documentais, entrevistas em profundidade e observação. Os resultados permitiram verificar que o sistema ERP não comporta a variabilidade do sistema produtivo e que os agentes regulam a atividade mediante a utilização de outras ferramentas.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T14:27:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 736977 bytes, checksum: 93afc01563efc1e50928990554bb04b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This present dissertation is about the protection of small investors in mutual funds, through socio-economic regulation of the market, including by reason of failures related to asymmetric informations. For this, it was used dialectical approach method and comparative, historical, structural and functional methods of procedure, as well as the documentary and bibliographical techniques of research. Given today's economic and financial globalization, notably marked by increasing financing of economy and the consequent systemic capital, new challenges present to the legal complex and regulatory environment. Besides the active and coordinated brokering of new financial players, new institutional arrangements are also (re)created at the evolution of economic routine, denouncing the urgent need for a unique conformation of protective forces in the inclusive sense. In this context, representative of the current legal and contractual pluralization denoted from the collectivization of resources to further appreciation of the condominium property, while express the development of jusnaturalistic on a new order of the economy, mutual funds may also build in your negotiating arrangement market failures that tend to undermine the image of the small investor. Such as asymmetric informations, covert or incomplete on the contractual process, they are able to makes vulnerable the center of interest which applicate saved resources, creating an adversarial and hierarchical relationship between the latter (principal) and the agent. Thus, in response to this situation, the regulation of relationships between the mutual funds and small investor goes through before a concern with protecting the human figure, according the public interest to compensate possible deficits in social welfare. Relative truths such as the certainty and completeness of the law are then overtaken by the realization of microsystems and the legal and self-regulation of the market, promoting to the small investor the realization of fundamental rights, others resulting from its maximalist consideration as a consumer and others from enforcements of norms of conduct of financial market entities, such as the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários and the Associação Brasileira das Entidades dos Mercados Financeiro e de Capitais. Ultimately, advocates in defense of transparent information, honesty and loyalty contractual, and fair rights and obligations between the contractors, as a guarantee of the investor-consumer rights as well as regulatory protection. / A presente dissertação de mestrado versa sobre a proteção do pequeno investidor de fundos de investimento através da regulação sócio-econômica do mercado, nomeadamente em razão de falhas relacionadas a assimetrias de informações. Para isso, utilizou-se do método de abordagem dialético e dos métodos de procedimento comparativo, histórico, estruturalista e funcionalista, bem como das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Diante da hodierna globalização econômicofinanceira, notadamente marcada pela crescente financeirização da economia e pela conseqüente desfronterização sistêmica do capital, novos desafios se apresentam para o complexo jurídico-normativo. Além da intermediação ativa e coordenada de novos agentes financeiros, novos arranjos institucionais são também (re)criados perante a evolução da rotina econômica, denunciando a imperiosa necessidade de uma original conformação de forças protetivas no sentido inclusivo. Nesse contexto, representativos da atual pluralização jurídico-contratual denotada a partir da coletivização de recursos para a ulterior valorização do patrimônio condominial, ao passo em que se apressam em fomentar a reascensão de uma ordem jusnaturalista da economia, os fundos de investimento também podem apresentar na construção de seu arranjo negocial falhas de mercado que tendem a debilitar a figura do pequeno investidor. Em sede específica, a exemplo das assimetrias de informações, clandestinas ou incompletas ao processo contratual, são elas capazes de vulnerabilizar o centro de interesse aplicador de recursos poupados, criando uma relação conflituosa e hierárquica entre este último (principal) e o agent. Assim, como resposta a essa conjuntura, a regulação das relações sócio-econômicas entre fundo de investimento e pequeno investidor passa por uma preocupação antes com a proteção da figura humana, à defesa do interesse público em face de eventuais déficits de bem-estar social. Dogmas como o da certeza e da completude do Direito são, então, ultrapassados pela efetivação de microssistemas jurídicos e pela hetero e autorregulação do mercado, promovendo ao pequeno investidor, além da efetivação de direitos revestidos de fundamentalidade, outros decorrentes da sua consideração maximalista enquanto consumidor e dos enforcements das normatizações de conduta de entidades do mercado financeiro como a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários e a Associação Brasileira das Entidades dos Mercados Financeiro e de Capitais. Em última instância, advoga-se em defesa da sinceridade informacional, da honestidade e lealdade contratual e da justa medida entre direitos e deveres dos contratantes, como forma de garantia do direito do investidorconsumidor também como proteção regulatória.

A presente dissertação procura investigar o incremento da racionalidade regulatória (ou otimização regulatória) a partir da teoria das falhas de regulação. Hoje, já parece existir um consenso teórico e prático de que a regulação e seu aparato institucional as agências reguladoras constituem fenômeno irreversível. Nesse contexto, as perguntas que se colocam são as seguintes: no plano dos resultados, o Estado Regulador tem alcançado as finalidades a que se propôs? Em caso negativo, que tipo de obstáculos o tem impedido? E mais: que providências devem ser adotadas para superá-los? Responder a tais indagações depende do reconhecimento de que não apenas os mercados são imperfeitos; também a intervenção estatal na economia gera riscos e efeitos negativos. Estudar seus tipos, suas fontes e a maneira como operam é o ponto de partida para se otimizar a regulação. O trabalho propõe uma sistematização das espécies de falhas regulatórias, baseada na proposta de Cass Sunstein, mas adaptada à realidade brasileira. A exposição é precedida de explicações introdutórias sobre o conceito de regulação; as razões para se regular; e características da regulação no Estado Democrático de Direito. Tais características conformam um ideal de racionalidade regulatória, o qual é comprometido pela instauração das falhas de regulação. Reconhecer a existência dos defeitos regulatórios e conhecê-los é já um primeiro passo para se melhorar a regulação. Mas há outros encaminhamentos deveras importantes para a prevenção e correção de falhas regulatórias. Dentre eles, destaca-se um conjunto de reformas institucionais em sentido amplo e estrito, as quais envolvem o sistema de controle pelos Poderes Legislativo, Executivo e Judiciário, e mecanismos procedimentais como a análise de impacto regulatório e a elaboração de agendas regulatórias. / This dissertation seeks to investigate the increase in regulatory rationality (or regulatory optimization) based on the theory of regulatory failures. Today, there already seems to be a theoretical (and practical) consensus that regulation and its institutional apparatus (regulatory agencies) constitute an irreversible phenomenon. In this context, the following questions are posed: in terms of results, has the Regulatory State achieved its established goals? If not, what obstacles prevented it from doing so? And moreover: what measures should be adopted to overcome these obstacles? Answering these questions depends on acknowledging that not only are markets imperfect; but also that state intervention in the economy creates negative risks and effects. Studying types, sources and how they operate is the starting point for optimizing regulation. This work proposes systematizing the types of regulatory failures, based on the proposal of Cass Sunstein, but adapted to Brazilian reality. The exposition is preceded by introductory explanations on the concept of regulation; the reasons for regulating; and characteristics of regulation in the Democratic State of Law. These characteristics conform an ideal of regulatory rationality, which is compromised by the introduction of regulatory failures. Acknowledging the existence of regulatory defects and knowing them is a first step in improving regulation. But there are other very important procedures for preventing and correcting regulatory failures, such as, and indeed in particular, a set of institutional reforms in a broad sense and strict, which involves the control system by the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary; and procedural mechanisms such as regulatory impact analysis and preparation of regulatory agendas.

Ce travail de thèse a comme ambition de mettre à jour les formes de régulations à l’œuvre dans la pratique contemporaine du poker, au moment même où cette activité ludique fait l’objet d’un profond renouvellement tant technique (à travers son développement sur Internet à partir du milieu des années 1990) que législatif (à travers la légalisation et l’ouverture à la concurrence de cette offre en ligne en 2010). En mobilisant les notions de liberté et de contrôle, nous cherchons à mettre à jour et à comparer la façon dont les joueurs, leurs représentants et les institutions participent à l’activité de régulation sociale au sein de contextes ludiques particuliers. Afin de répondre à cet objectif, nous avons analysé successivement trois situations ludiques commerciales : les parties clandestines de poker « en dur », les parties illégales de poker sur Internet et les parties légales de poker en ligne. Il s’agissait donc d’aborder une forme ludique traditionnelle à l’âge d’Internet. Les données ont été recueillies suivant une approche socio-anthropologique, inductive et qualitative. L’analyse dynamique entre les mécanismes de transgression et de régulation fait apparaître que les joueurs de poker (en tant qu’acteurs individuels ou collectifs) cherchent, au niveau microsocial, à jouer avec la règle et, au niveau méso-social, à jouer sur la règle. De plus, nous montrons que les formes de régulations (formelles, informelles, endogènes et exogènes) et leurs modes de cohabitation dépendent du contexte légal (offre légale ou illégale) et technique (jeu en ligne ou hors ligne) dans lequel l’activité ludique se déroule. / The present dissertation offers an analysis of the various regulations at work in contemporary poker whilst it is currently undergoing profound transformations, both technical (expansion of internet playing since the 90’s) and legal (liberalization of the online gambling market in 2010). Through the notions of liberty and control, we endeavor to uncover and compare the different manners through which poker players, their representatives and institutions take part in the social regulation of a hobby related activity. We have identified and analyzed three different contexts of merchandised poker playing: underground “real-card” games; online and illegal games; and online and legal ones. Our principal aim is thus to investigate the evolution of a traditional form of hobby in the Internet era. Data has been gathered through a socio-anthropological approach, both inductive and qualitative. The results of the dynamic analysis of transgression and regulation mechanisms indicate that poker players (either individuals or groups) seek either to play with the rules – at a micro-social scale – or to play on the rules – at a macro-social scale. Moreover, our results show that the different forms of regulation (formal, informal, endogenous and exogenous) and their coexistence depend on both the legal (legal vs. illegal) and technical (online vs. offline) contexts of poker playing.

Depuis le début des années 2000 se développe une littérature enjoignant les professionnels au contact des malades d'Alzheimer à "personnaliser" leur prise en charge. Derrière ce terme se cache en réalité une véritable injonction à l'humanisation dans le cadre d'une relation où cette dimension semble faire défaut. Ce qui est demandé au personnel médical et paramédical, c'est un engagement véritable et authentique auprès de cette population. Ce qui est visé, c'est un contrôle des émotions et de leur manifestation.Cette thèse interroge la mise en pratique de la "personnalisation" au sein des unités Alzheimer en EHPAD. S'appuyant sur une démarche qui s'inspire des enquêtes interactionnistes, cette recherche montre non seulement la banalité de l'"engagement" dans ce type d'univers, mais également la complexité de sa mise en oeuvre.Dans la perspective des études sur le care, un travail souterrain, qui reste le souvent invisible, consiste à faire en sorte que la vie de l'étage soit possible pour l'ensemble des individus en présence. C'est cette intelligence de la situation qui conduit, d'un côté, à éloigner le risque de la réification et, de l'autre, à prévenir l'épuisement professionnel.Bien loin de la rhétorique de la "bonne distance professionnelle", l'enquête montre que l'activité des soignants s'articule autour d'un subtil dosage entre engagement et distanciation, pour reprendre la proposition d'Elias (1956). Les émotions sont tout à la fois une nécessité dans le cadre de la réalisation des tâches qui incombent aux professionnels, et une source de danger qu'il faut parfois savoir mettre à distance.L'univers des unités Alzheimer est marqué par un poids relativement important de la régulation autonome par rapport à la régulation de contrôle, pour reprendre la terminologie de Reynaud (2004). Les velléités de formalisation achoppent face au caractère fondamentalement insaisissable et local du care. / In France, since early 2000s spreads a literature inviting professionals in contact with people suffering from Alzheimer disease to "personalize" the way they take care of them. This term refers to a humanization that seems to fade away in this particular context. What is asked to medical and paramedical staff, is a true and authentic commitment toward these patients. What is aimed, is a control of emotions and the way they are expressed.This Ph.D explores the way in which "personalization" is practically accomplished in the context of Alzheimer’s Special Care Units. Based on interviews and observations, it shows the banality of "commitment", and also the complexity of it’s execution. From the ethics of care perspective, an invisible work makes life possible for every protagonist living in that kind of environment. This cleverness of the situation drives away the danger of reification, and prevents burnout.Far from the chimerical "professional distance", this field work shows an articulation between commitment and detachment (Elias, 1956). Emotions appears to be a necessity in order to carry out the tasks, but also a danger that requires to be put away. Thus, Alzheimer’s units are characterized by the relative importance of autonomous regulation, in comparison with control regulation (Reynaud, 2004) : formalization process struggle due to the elusive and local nature of the ethics of care.

Durant les deux dernières décennies, la pression à l’évaluation chiffrée, dans le système éducatif québécois, s’est grandement intensifiée. Cette pression a provoqué un accroissement du nombre d’évaluations chiffrées dans les écoles, entrainant dans son sillage des dérives au plan de la pratique comme le gonflement artificiel des notes des élèves pour satisfaire les cibles du Ministère de l’Éducation en matière de réussite. La pression prend de l’ampleur à la fin du primaire, au moment où les élèves de 6e année doivent opérer le passage vers le secondaire. Dans la foulée, la performance scolaire traduite par la note chiffrée représente un critère de choix pour sélectionner les élèves dans certains établissements privés d’enseignement réputés pour leur « excellence ». Dans ce contexte, l’évaluation chiffrée est devenue un enjeu sociopolitique. À ce jour, la recherche a surtout documenté les impacts psychologiques de la pression à l’évaluation chiffrée sur le travail d’enseignant·e·s (stress, anxiété, fatigue, abandon) ; peu d’attention a été portée à la manière dont les enseignant·e·s s’ajustent pour composer avec ce contexte. Ainsi, ce mémoire vise à comprendre comment des enseignant·e·s de 6e année du primaire s’adaptent face à la pression à l’évaluation chiffrée des apprentissages des élèves québécois. Plus précisément, il documente les formes d’adaptations secondaires que les enseignant·e·s déploient pour négocier les contraintes institutionnelles et les conventions professionnelles qui se construisent autour de l’évaluation chiffrée des apprentissages. La théorie de Perrenoud (2004b) sur le « métier d’élève » est ici transposée au « métier d’enseignant » afin d’éclairer ces adaptations secondaires. Sur le plan méthodologique, le point de vue des enseignant·e·s a été privilégié, recueilli au moyen d’entretiens individuels conduits auprès de 4 enseignantes de 6e année travaillant dans des établissements d’enseignement primaire de Montréal et de Laval. Les données recueillies sont présentées suivant deux registres d’analyse. Dans le premier registre, le matériau de recherche est analysé selon le point de vue des participantes à partir d’une stratégie de raisonnement par questionnement analytique (Paillé et Mucchielli (2016). Il en ressort trois catégories d’adaptations secondaires que les enseignantes ont développées pour s’affranchir un peu de l’influence externe qui pèse sur leur travail, à savoir : l’allègement des tâches d’évaluation, l’alignement des modalités d’évaluation et l’ajustement de l’évaluation selon une commande externe. Dans le deuxième registre, en cohérence avec la démarche inductive employée, un éclairage complémentaire est mobilisé pour donner sens à la dynamique d’actions réciproques entre les acteurs qui sous-tend ces stratégies d’adaptation. Il s’agit de la théorie de la régulation sociale de Reynaud (1979), issue de la sociologie des organisations. Combinée aux apports d’autres auteurs affiliés à une perspective interactionniste, cette théorie conduit à éclairer la fabrique de l’évaluation par la mise en relief de trois stratégies de régulation : la régulation de contrôle, la régulation autonome et la régulation conjointe. / Over the past two decades, high-stakes testing has been on the rise in Quebec’s educational system. This pressure provoked an increase in the number of quantitative assessments in schools, leading to some dubious practices such as test score inflation in order to meet the achievement standards established by the Ministry of Education. The pressure is particularly high during the last year of primary education (6th grade) as test scores constitute a key selection criterion for admission into certain private secondary schools known for their “excellence”. In this context, quantitative assessment has become a socio-political issue. To date, research has mainly documented the psychological impacts of high-stakes testing on teachers (stress, anxiety, fatigue, attrition); whilst less attention has been paid to the ways in which teachers adapt to this context. Thus, this research aims to understand how the pressure to increase quantitative assessment affects the teaching profession in Quebec. Precisely, it documents the forms of secondary adaptations that teachers deploy to negotiate institutional constraints and professional agreements concerning the quantitative assessment of learning. Perrenoud's theory (2004b) on “studenting” is transposed to “teachers’ work” to shed light on these secondary adaptations. Methodologically, teachers’ perspectives were foregrounded through individual interviews with four sixth grade teachers working in Montreal and Laval. The data collected are presented using two levels of analysis. At the first level, the data were analyzed from the point of view of the participants, by following an analytical questioning reasoning strategy (Paillé & Mucchielli, 2016). Three categories of secondary adaptations that teachers developed to cope with the external influence that weighs on their work, are identified namely: simplifying evaluation tasks, aligning evaluation methods, and adjusting grades according to an external command. At the second level, the inductive approach adopted at the outset of this research led to mobilizing a complementary perspective drawn from organizational sociology, i.e. Reynaud’s theory of social regulation (1979). Together with other works within an interactionist perspective, this level of analysis helps explain the production of evaluation by highlighting three regulatory strategies: controlled regulation, autonomous regulation, and joint regulation.