連鎖便利商店由於其據點多、分佈廣、全天候營業的特質，使得便利商店在網路購物的物流末端得以扮演最後一哩（the last mile）的通路角色。這種高附加價值的取貨服務，突破了傳統店面僅限於店內商品銷售的經營模式，創造出門市額外的人潮流量，亦影響到未來便利商店整體店面需求。本研究探討幾個重要議題，包括網路購物取貨服務對便利商店經營的重要程度為何？在未來網購取貨服務環境下，便利商店是否有持續展店的需要？門市選址因素較過去文獻有否改變？對內部空間規模有何影響？位於不同市郊區位影響有何差異？以期瞭解網路購物對實體零售店面需求之影響。 本研究以臺北市325家7-Eleven門市為研究對象，實證結果發現網路購物取貨服務數量對營業額有顯著正向影響，且對市區門市營業額的影響較郊區明顯，長期將提升整體門市競租能力，隱含更有能力進駐條件更佳之區位與擴張佔有率。實證亦顯示位於市區商圈愈小的門市，其網購取貨數量愈多，意味網購取貨消費者對於門市區位可及性便利的要求較高，而未來新增門市的商圈範圍劃設，亦須一併考量當地一般便利品與網購商品的需求總量，以訂定需求門檻，為因應網購取貨龐大市場，7-Eleven應持續擴張門市。在選址因素方面，目前僅發現位於非三角窗門市較有網購取貨潛力，隱含未來網路購物對零售店面區位選擇之潛在影響，而位於郊區或商圈範圍較大的門市，則蘊含潛在的網購取貨需求。門市面積方面，短期可透過選址彈性範圍或內部倉儲與展示空間相互調整予以解決，長期而言，預期門市倉儲空間的需求將會有所增加。 國內外探討網路購物對於實體零售業經營與店面需求影響的相關文獻尚未成熟之際，本研究的貢獻在於從網路零售商與便利商店實體通路結合的面向切入，首度印證網路購物、來店取貨服務對於實體便利商店經營的重要性，並進一步探討其對門市商圈範圍、選址區位與面積的潛在影響，裨以提供未來便利商店業者在網購取貨服務環境下的展店策略建議。

<p>In this age of ubiquitous advertisement, people are getting more and more burdened withadvertising clutter. Digital Signage (DS) has evolved to be a new medium that can cut throughthis clutter and reach a large number of consumers. Though Digital Signage was introduced asan in-store advertising medium, soon it started to replace traditional static billboards with thebenefit of technological advancement.</p><p>While advertising effectiveness is a much discussed subject, effectiveness of an advertisingmedia is still a less explored area. Our research explored the effectiveness of Digital Signageas an advertising media in terms of its placement inside of a store and outside of a store. Atthe beginning we developed a model to measure the effectiveness of Digital Signage on thebasis of an existing model, termed as Advertising Response Model (ARM). Based onprofound study and analysis of previous literature on advertising and media effectiveness,consumer psychology, outdoor advertising and intermediate measurement variables weconstructed the modified version of ARM that deemed to be the best fit with our purpose. Wefurther developed four hypotheses on the basis of the four major variables of our model.</p><p>The result of our study indicated that placement of Digital Signage inside and outside of thestore environment impacts the variables of Attention, Recall and Media Liking of theaudience differently. However, no significant difference in consumers’ Buying Interest issupported. Placing Digital Signage inside of the store as well outside of the store both hasdifferent degrees of impact on consumers in terms of Attention, Recall and Media Liking. Thecorrelations among the variables were also explored and thus we presented some strategicinsights about the placement of Digital Signage and practical implications for managers in thescope of our study.</p><p>Our research area has received comparatively less academic attention than other advertisingmedia. However, considering the growing importance of Digital Signage as a groundbreakingadvertising medium and scope of future research work, we believe Digital Signage will be asubject of interest for the academics, the advertisers as well as for the companies.</p>

In this age of ubiquitous advertisement, people are getting more and more burdened withadvertising clutter. Digital Signage (DS) has evolved to be a new medium that can cut throughthis clutter and reach a large number of consumers. Though Digital Signage was introduced asan in-store advertising medium, soon it started to replace traditional static billboards with thebenefit of technological advancement. While advertising effectiveness is a much discussed subject, effectiveness of an advertisingmedia is still a less explored area. Our research explored the effectiveness of Digital Signageas an advertising media in terms of its placement inside of a store and outside of a store. Atthe beginning we developed a model to measure the effectiveness of Digital Signage on thebasis of an existing model, termed as Advertising Response Model (ARM). Based onprofound study and analysis of previous literature on advertising and media effectiveness,consumer psychology, outdoor advertising and intermediate measurement variables weconstructed the modified version of ARM that deemed to be the best fit with our purpose. Wefurther developed four hypotheses on the basis of the four major variables of our model. The result of our study indicated that placement of Digital Signage inside and outside of thestore environment impacts the variables of Attention, Recall and Media Liking of theaudience differently. However, no significant difference in consumers’ Buying Interest issupported. Placing Digital Signage inside of the store as well outside of the store both hasdifferent degrees of impact on consumers in terms of Attention, Recall and Media Liking. Thecorrelations among the variables were also explored and thus we presented some strategicinsights about the placement of Digital Signage and practical implications for managers in thescope of our study. Our research area has received comparatively less academic attention than other advertisingmedia. However, considering the growing importance of Digital Signage as a groundbreakingadvertising medium and scope of future research work, we believe Digital Signage will be asubject of interest for the academics, the advertisers as well as for the companies.

Although culture and subcultural norms have been subjected to increased scrutiny in recent years as explanatory constructs for various dimensions of consumer behaviours, religion as a subsystem of culture has received only slight attention in the marketing literature. The purpose of this study was to examine the religious influences on some selected aspects of consumer behaviour. Utilising consumer behaviour model of retail patronage as a framework, religious influences on the following aspects of consumer behaviour were examined: lifestyle, use of information source, shopping orientation, store attribute importance and store patronage. Consistent with previous research, religion was viewed from two different perspectives namely religious affiliation and religiosity. Religious affiliation is the adherence of individuals to a particular religious group while religiosity, or religious commitment, is the degree in which beliefs in specific religious values and ideals are espoused and practiced by an individual. Fieldwork for this study was carried out in Malaysia where the populace contains sizable percentages of adherents to four of the world’s leading religions, namely Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism and Christianity. The research data was collected by means of a survey through personal interviews with a structured questionnaire. Out of three hundred respondents targeted, two hundred and twenty-six questionnaires were deemed usable for statistical analysis. Statistical tests were calculated using statistical procedures of SPSS version 11.5. The main statistical techniques used include exploratory factor analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings indicated significant differences between religious affiliation groups in the areas of lifestyle, store attributes and store patronage. Significant differences between religiosity groups were also revealed in the areas of lifestyle, information source, shopping orientation and importance of store attributes. The usefulness of religious variables was further tested using multiple linear regression analysis with demographics and lifestyles were entered as extraneous variables. Results indicated that when the effect of other predictor variables were explicitly controlled (i.e. held constant) during the regression analysis, religious affiliation appeared to influence the perceived importance of store attributes. Intrapersonal religiosity, when controlling for the effect of other predictor variables, appeared to influence the use of information source, shopping orientation and perceived importance of store attributes. Similarly, interpersonal religiosity, when controlling for the effect of other predictor variables, was found to influence the use of information source, shopping orientation and importance of store attributes. Overall, findings indicated that consumer religiosity, as compared to religious affiliation, was more useful in predicting aspects of retail patronage activities. Thus it is suggested that religiosity variable should be given consideration in future patronage behaviour model building and research efforts. The implications of these results for theories of consumer behaviour along with the practical implications of the findings were discussed and opportunities for future research were provided.

The main aim of the thesis was a comparison buying atmosphere chosen two retail units. The first part of thesis was based on the studied literature, there has been described trade, wholesale, retail and elements of the buying atmosphere. In the second part of thesis were described chosen retail units. The second step was to analyze the data, which were obtained by two methods. The first method was structured interviews with owners of retail units. The second method was a survey that was conducted with customers of the retail units, either face to face or online questioning. Based on these data were compared retail units and created proposals to improve the atmosphere of buying retail units.

Att vara en klädbutik idag kan medföra svårigheter, med tanke på konkurrerande butiker och den ständigt växande E-handeln. Det är därför viktigt för klädbutiker att både veta hur och kunna påverka sina potentiella kunder till att köpa deras produkter för att öka sin försäljning och konkurrera på marknaden. Syftet med denna studie är att ta reda på hur konsumenten kan bli påverkad att genomföra ett impulsköp i en klädbutik.En kvantitativ undersökning genomfördes i form av en enkät. Enkätundersökningen bestod av ett mindre antal påståenden rörande impulsköp och delades på Facebook.Slutsatsen i denna undersökning visar att konsumenten blir påverkad av en klädbutiks butiksmiljö. Att det påverkar till just ett impulsköp däremot kunde vi inte konstatera. En annan faktor som kan påverka till impulsköp är konsumentens känslor som på ett sätt hör ihop med butiksmiljön. Kan klädbutiken upprätta en trivsam butiksmiljö stannar person i fråga en längre period än normalt. Detta leder i sin tur till positiva känslor och kan slutligen leda till impulsköp. / To be a clothing store today can cause difficulties, considering competing stores and the constantly growing E-commerce. It’s therefore important for clothing stores to both know how and have the ability to affect their potential customers to make impulse purchases of their products in order to increase their sales and compete on the market. The purpose of this study is to find out how the consumers can be affected to implement an impulse purchase by a clothing store.A quantitative study was performed in the shape of a survey. The survey consisted of a smaller quantity of questions and claims concerning impulse buying and was shared on Facebook.The conclusion in this study shows that customers can be affected by the store environment. However, we couldn’t state that the store environment affects the customer to directly make impulse purchases. A factor that can affect the customer to impulse buying is the customers feelings which is in a way related to the store environment. If the clothing store establishes a pleasant and inspiring store environment, the consumer stays in the store for a longer period than usual. This leads in turn to positive emotions and can finally lead to impulse purchases.

Syfte Syftet är att undersöka hur detaljhandelsföretag inom modebranschen och dess kunder ser på “Return In-store” som ett returalternativ och även klargöra den miljöproblematik som finns relaterat till returer. Metod Denna studie är utförd med en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. Studien behandlar två perspektiv och undersöker problemet från företag och kunders synvinkel. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av den anledningen av fem personliga intervjuer med butikschefer inom detaljhandeln och två fokusgrupper med kunder. Slutsatser Studiens resultat visar att detaljhandelsföretag och kunder inom modebranschen anser att returalternativet “Return In-store” är det bästa alternativet vid returnering av varor köpta online. Kunder föredrar en generös returpolicy och ”Return In-store” är ett exempel på hur företag implementerar en sådan policy. Möjligheten att returnera en vara som köpts online i fysiska butiker reducerar även de orosmoment som annars kan uppstå för kunder vid returnering av varor. Företag gynnas framförallt av att ”Return In-store” driver fler kunder till butiken vilket ökar möjligheten till merförsäljning. Det främsta problemet med ”Return In-store” är att de butiker som erbjuder ”Click and Collect” inte är rustade för att hantera en stor mängd av sådana varor som beställs och lämnas tillbaka till butikerna. En avgörande del i hur stor miljöpåverkan ”Return In-store” har är de konsumentresor som uppstår. / Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how retailers in the fashion industry and its customers view “Return In-store” as a return option and also clarify the environmental issues related to returns. Method Our study is based on a qualitative research method. The study takes both companies and customers point of view in consideration. Therefore, the empirical material consists of five personal interviews with retail managers and two focus groups with customers. Conclusions The result of our study shows that retailers and customers within the fashion industry regard “Return In-store” as the number one alternative when returning products bought online. Customers prefer a generous return policy which “Return In-store” is an example of. The ability to return online products in physical stores reduces some of the concerns that otherwise can occur when returning products in other ways. Retailers benefit from “Return In-store” since it increases the customer flow to the physical stores, which can generate additional sales. The foremost problem with “Return In-store” is that those stores that offer “Click and Collect” can’t handle a too high amount of products originated from e-commerce. A crucial part in the environmental impact of “Return In-store” is the consumer travels that occur when returning a product.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:36:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6213117 bytes, checksum: 8869899e5ee4b6861554354c6d3e9db2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / On the development of applications for Digital the TV environment Ginga-NCL provides application support with use of second screen devices. However, it was only in fact made possible by recent efforts in the implementation of the Ginga-NCL reference using a strategy o association between UAProf profiles and the required devices. This work proposes architecture of Broadband TV Application Store that uses the Ginga-NCL, being able to present to user a list of compatible applications to their multidevice execution context. As results, are presented a description of the architecture and execution of tests with prototypes of software. / No desenvolvimento de aplicações para TV Digital, o ambiente Ginga-NCL prove suporte a aplicações com uso de dispositivos de segunda tela. Entretanto, foi apenas com recentes esforços na implementação de referência do Ginga-NCL que esse recurso foi de fato viabilizado, utilizando uma estratégia de associação de perfis UAProf aos dispositivos necessários. Este trabalho propõe uma arquitetura de portal de aplicações BroadbandTV que utiliza o ambiente Ginga-NCL, sendo capaz de apresentar ao usuário uma lista de aplicações compatíveis ao seu contexto de execução multidispositivos. Como resultados, são apresentadas a descrição da arquitetura e a execução de testes com protótipos de software.

Purpose This study has been conducted in order to investigate opportunities regarding theestablishment of technology-based self-service stores (TBSS). By studying proposedsites for establishment, information has been collected in order to be used in a factorrating analysis. Research questions 1. Where is the need for expanded service supply the greatest and what characterizesa number of potential establishments? 2. What impact does the marketing decision ‘people’ have in order to create anattractive store concept? 3. How does the need of goods and services differ as well as the marketing decision‘people’ between different potential establishment sites and different consumergroups? Methodology This master thesis has been conducted as a survey on planned establishments placesas well as an observation study of these. A qualitative approach has been usedwhenever respondent answers, from the questionnaire, were applied to the subquestions in order to be used as data for the research questions later on. Literatureconcerning marketing, establishment strategies and consumer needs has been of vitalimportance in this study. Conclusion Based on our study, we found that the need for increased service supply is greater inrural areas. What characterizes potential establishment sites is the distance to andnumber of potential consumers. When it comes to the importance of the marketingdecision ‘people’, it turned out that ‘service availability’ is far more important thanthat of ‘people’ which becomes a secondary feature in order to create an attractivestore concept. The need for good and services differs between the two differenttypes of establishment places. However, both consumer groups prefer to have food,but it differs when it comes to what type. Younger people tend to be more positivelycommitted to unmanned self-service. / Våra krav på service och tillgänglighet ökar samtidigt som samhället urbaniseras och fler pendlar mellan hemmet och arbetet. För att underlätta för konsumenten skulle en teknologibaserad självservice (TBSS) butik kunna fungera. Rapporten ämnade att ta reda på förutsättningarna för etablering av dessa butikskoncept och hur konsumentgrupper upplever attraktivitet även om butiken är utan personal. Vi utgår från McCarthy (1960) marknadsmix med de fyra konkurrensmedlen produkt, plats, pris, och promota. Marknadsmixen har sedan utökats till att även innehålla flera konkurrensmedel med personal som ett av dessa. För att ta reda på konsumenters behov av ett utökat serviceutbud utformades en enkät innehållande delfrågor som berörde hur konsumenter upplevde det nuvarande serviceutbudet, inställning till TBSS och behov av varor och tjänster. Denna enkät besvarades av resenärer på resecentrum och boende på fyra landsbygdsorter. En analys med hjälp av faktorvärdesmetoden utfördes på fem utvalda faktorer för att ge data till en observationsstudie rörande etablering. Från resultaten av enkätstudien upptäcktes att merparten av respondenterna var positivt inställda till TBSS, vilket innebär att konkurrensmedlet personal inte är avgörande när det kommer till att skapa ett attraktivt butikskoncept. De slutsatser som vi drar är att etableringsplatser behöver vara lättillgängliga för ett stort antal konsumenter för att vara värt att satsa på. De produkter som främst angavs var ätbara följt av biljett- och drivmedelstjänster. Analysen med hjälp av faktorvärdesmetoden exemplifierar på ett tydligt sätt hur företag i dagligvaruhandel kan jämföra etableringsplatser utifrån olika faktorer.

Our demands on services and availability increases at the same time as the society gets more urbanized and more people tends to commute. In order to facilitate the consumer, technology based self-service (TBSS) stores might survive and thrive. This thesis had a focus on finding out the general public's perception on TBSS stores and how they perceive the availability even if it is unmanned. The extended marketing mix contains people as a means of competition and we wanted to investigate whether this competitive mean could be ruled out which would mean that the extended marketing mix needs to be revised. In order to find out the people's perception of the TBSS concept a short enquiry were constructed containing three questions. People from Uppsala central station and four countryside towns, corresponding to two percent of the population, answered this enquiry. In order to collect data for information concerning establishment a factor rating method with five chosen factors were performed. From the results of the enquiry we found that the majority of the respondents have a positive attitude towards TBSS, which means that the competitive mean people are not critical when it comes to consumer perception of accessibility; conclusion from this is that the extended marketing mix needs to be revised. The products that was stated most frequently were edible goods followed by ticket and fuel services. The analysis using the factor rating method exemplifies a way for companies to compare differents places for establishment from various chosen factors. / Våra krav på service och tillgänglighet ökar samtidigt som samhället urbaniseras och fler pendlar mellan hemmet och arbetet. För att underlätta för konsumenten skulle en teknologibaserad självservice (TBSS) butik kunna fungera. Rapporten ämnade att ta reda på konsumenters inställning till en TBSS butik och hur de upplever tillgängligheten även om butiken är obemannad. Vi utgår från McCarthy (1960) marknadsmix med de fyra konkurrensmedel produkt, plats, pris, och promota. Marknadsmixen har sedan utökats för att även innehålla flera konkurrensmedel med personal som ett av dessa. Vi ville undersöka om konkurrensmedlet personal kan uteslutas vilket skulle innebära en revidering av den utökade marknadsmixen. För att ta reda på konsumenters inställning till TBSS konceptet utformades en kort enkät innehållande tre frågor (nuvarande serviceutbud, varor och tjänster samt inställning till obemannad självservice). Denna enkät fick resenärer på resecentrum och boende på fyra landsbygdsorter, motsvarande två procent av populationen, svara på muntligt. En analys med hjälp av faktorvärdesmetod utfördes av fem utvalda faktorer för att ge data till en observationsstudie rörande etablering. Från resultaten av enkätstudien upptäcktes att merparten av respondenterna var positivt inställda till TBSS, vilket innebär att konkurrensmedlet personal inte är avgörande när det kommer till konsumenters uppfattning av tillgänglighet; detta innebär att den utökade marknadsmixen behöver revideras. De produkter som främst angavs var ätbara följt av biljett- och drivmedelstjänster. Analysen med hjälp av faktorvärdesmetoden exemplifierar på ett tydligt sätt hur företag kan jämföra olika etableringsplatser utifrån olika faktorer.