Syftet med studien är att få en förståelse för hur utrustningseffektiviteten kan mätas i ett producerande företag. Vår studie utförs på ett företag i Alvesta som heter Gnutti Powertrain AB som bland annat tillverkar precisionskomponenter till motorer. Genom att vi skapar en analysmodell utifrån studerade teorier beskrivs ett systematiskt tillvägagångssätt som slutligen ska leda till att syftet uppnås. Utifrån analysmodellen studeras och beskrivs först Gnutti Powertrain AB´s nuvarande tillvägagångssätt för att sedan jämföras och analyseras gentemot de studerade teorierna. Med hjälp av analysmodellen struktureras också vår studie på företaget och vårt utförande och resultat utifrån detta kommer sedan att presenteras. Analysmodellen nämner att en processkartläggning först ska göras. I processkartläggningen väljs först en specifik process ut, vilken i vårt fall blev produktionsprocessen för en rulle av stål. Därefter lokaliserar, dokumenterar och beskriver vi alla de aktiviteter som bygger upp processen. Enligt nästa steg i analysmodellen görs en värdeflödeskarta som behandlar alla de aktiviteter som tillför värde till produkten och nämner data som är viktig att samla in för att kunna göra beräkningar och utvärderingar. Denna data samlades in och presenterades i värdeflödeskartan. Värdeflödeskartan kan också underlätta identifieringen av de mest kritiska aktiviteterna. I vår studie var de kritiska aktiviteterna redan utvalda på förhand som fyra olika maskiner i flödet då de vid senare tillfälle eventuellt ska byggas samman till en linje. Som sista steg i analysmodellen görs beräkningar på utrustningseffektiviteten med hjälp av TAK. En del av datan från värdeflödeskartan kunde användas för att göra TAKberäkningarna. Resten av den data som krävdes vid beräkningarna samlades in genom intervjuer och möten med personal eller genom egna mätningar i produktionen. TAK-värdet varierar på de fyra maskinerna och även fyra olika beräkningar görs på varje maskin där olika data från störningar används. De olika värdena varierar mellan cirka 61% till 91%. Utifrån beräkningarna görs jämförelser om hur olika störningar påverkar TAK-värdet där även varje störning beskrivs. Vid utförandet och beräkningarna uppkom flera olika tankar och funderingar på nuläget hos Gnutti Powertrain AB. Något som tydligt framkom var att de rapporteringar som varje operatör gör i affärssystemet inte alltid är korrekta. Då TAK III beräkningarna helt bygger på rapporterna medför detta att både vårt och Gnutti Powertrain AB´s TAK-värden kan bli felaktiga. Resultatet och diskussionen kring resultatet ledde till att vi kunde dra vissa slutsatser för att kunna komma med rekommendationer till företaget. Det konstateras att Gnutti Powertrain AB bör använda nuvarande mätmetod för TAK men fokusera på att förbättra deras rapporteringar i affärssystemet.

<p>Lundbergs Plåt AB is a small company situated in Jönköping. Their main task is to process different kinds of steel such as stainless steel. Lately, they have shown an interest in Lean production.</p><p>On the basis of the situation mentioned above, we developed the purpose to find and decrease the non value-added wastes in the production at Lundbergs Plåt AB. Out of this, we also developed and answered two questions:</p><p> </p><ul><li>Which wastes can be found with help from a value stream mapping (VSM)? </li><li>In what way can these wastes be reduced and how can these reductions contribute to an improved production?</li></ul><p> </p><p>VSM is the method used to find the non value-added wastes. In the context of Lean production this is a reliable method because it shows in a good way the wastes in a manufacturing process. The VSM was performed on the family of food bin, which is one of the company’s more recurring products.<p><p><p><p> </p><p>During the analysis of the value stream we found several wastes in the manufacturing process. All categories of non value-added wastes are represented. Examples of identified wastes are unnecessary transportation and working movement. The limited access to operators who have the right competence and who are allowed to process the food bins, is in our opinion one of the factors that generate most of the non value-added wastes.<p><p><p><p><p><p> </p><p>Several action proposals were worked out and a conclusion is that one action proposal can generate a reduction of different kind of wastes. The action proposals that can reduce the most of the non value-added wastes are a change of the layout and competence building. This means that one action proposal can reduce or eliminate several wastes at the same time.</p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p></p> / <p>Lundbergs Plåt AB är ett mindre företag i Jönköping vars huvudsysselsättning är plåtbearbetning. På senare tid har ett intresse väckts för att undersöka vad Lean skulle kunna ge deras företag.</p><p>Utifrån ovanstående formulerades syftet att finna och minska de så kallade ”sju slöserierna + ett” som finns beskrivna inom Lean. Utifrån detta preciserades två frågeställningar:</p><ul><li>Vilka slöserier går att urskilja med hjälp av en värdeflödesanalys?</li><li>På vilket sätt kan dessa slöserier minskas och bidra till en förbättrad produktion?</li></ul><p>Metoden som användes i sökandet efter slöserierna är en värdeflödesanalys,som är en väl beprövad metod i Lean-sammanhang. Detta för att den på ett bra sätt för upp slöserierna i ett tillverkningsflöde till ytan.</p><p>Värdeflödesanalysen utfördes på produktfamiljen livsmedelsbehållare som är en av företagets mer frekventa produkter.</p><p>Under analysen av värdeflödet fann vi ett flertal slöserier i tillverkningsflödet. Samtliga kategorier av de ”sju slöserierna + ett” finns representerade. De största slöserierna är enligt vår bedömning de som uppkommer till följd av företagets begränsade tillgång på operatörer som kan och tillåts bearbeta behållarna. Andra identifierade slöserier är onödiga transporter och arbetsmoment som sker i tillverkningen.</p><p>Förbättringsförslagen arbetades fram utifrån syftet att minska och eliminera funna slöserier. De åtgärder som kan minska flest antal slöserier är layoutändring av produktion och flöde samt kompetensutveckling av personalen. Detta innebär att ett och samma åtgärdsförslag kan generera flera minskade eller eliminerade slöserier.</p>

An objective of this diploma thesis is to propose optimized system of packaging technologies in a certain foodstuff production enterprise considering logistical operations within distribution chain. Reverse flows, environmental impacts and final consumer needs are taken into an account. There are many degrees of freedom within packaging technologies. Every product could be packaged in several ways. However the final step for transportation is common for every piece of them, a trailer, a container or any other handling unit of higher grade. Czech beer market is highly saturated. Many domestic breweries concern to invest their forces to export markets. Application of current management and logistics tools and methods rescues capital sources for more effective usage.

Este trabalho apresenta um método que visa auxiliar os agentes de mudança na condução de processos de implementação de sistemas de produção enxuta, cujo conceito tem sido largamente aplicado em diversas indústrias no Brasil, tais como a Ford, a GM, a Visteon, a Eaton, a Delphi, a Meritor, para citar apenas algumas. Entretanto, principalmente nas empresas que possuem produtos com grande variedade de peças e componentes, e com características distintas de demanda, muitos gerentes têm encontrado dificuldades ao tentar implementar um sistema de produção enxuta. O método é desenvolvido a partir de uma ampla revisão bibliográfica em torno do conceito de gerenciamento da mudança e melhoria organizacional, bem como dos princípios e das principais práticas e ferramentas enxutas. Com isso, são estudados com mais profundidade o mapeamento do fluxo de valor, a produção puxada, o sistema de controle Kanban e o layout celular. Em seguida, o método é validado empiricamente por meio de duas aplicações, a primeira numa empresa produtora de bebedouros e a segunda numa empresa produtora de tanques para armazenagem e resfriamento de leite. / This work presents a method that aims to help the change agents in the Lean Production Systems implantation, whose concept has been applied in several industries in Brazil, such as Ford, GM, Visteon, Eaton, Delphi, Meritor, etc. However, mainly in the companies with great variety of goods and components, many managers have been difficulties to implement a lean production system. The method is developed from a wide bibliographical revision around change and improvement management concept, as well as lean production tools and techniques. It is studied value stream mapping, pull production, Kanban control system and cellular layout. The method is empirically validated in two applications, the first application is in a drinking fountain company, and the second one is in a tank of milk storage company.

Este trabalho propõe um método de representação e análise de cadeias de suprimentos que visa permitir a identificação e conseqüente eliminação dos desperdícios que ocorrem ao longo de uma cadeia produtiva. Fundamentado nos conceitos de gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, produção enxuta e modelagem de empresas, este trabalho tem como principal justificativa a necessidade de se desenvolver mecanismos que possibilitem a integração entre empresas, melhorando os níveis de coordenação e sincronização dos fluxos de materiais e informações. O mapeamento do fluxo de valor, técnica de modelagem desenvolvida por ROTHERS & SHOOK (1998), visa auxiliar a obtenção de sistemas produtivos enxutos e foi utilizada como base para o desenvolvimento do método. Dois aspectos são levados em conta para a proposição do método: o primeiro diz respeito ao conteúdo de informações dos modelos e o segundo ao procedimento de aplicação. A principal característica do método é a decomposição em três níveis de mapeamento, indo de um nível mais genérico para um nível de maiores detalhes. Uma ilustração de um caso hipotético de aplicação é fornecida como exemplo. Como conclusões são expostas as vantagens e limitações percebidas no método. Os trabalhos futuros sugeridos se referem à avaliação, aplicação e complementação do método. / This work proposes a method for supply chain representation and analysis to allow the identiJication and consequent elimination of the waste in the production chains. The fundamental concepts this work is based on are: supply chain management, lean production and enterprise modeling. The main reason for the development of this research is the need of developing tools and mechanisms to help the integration between enterprises, improving the coordination and synchronization of the material and information flows. The Value Stream Mapping technique, developed by ROTHERS & SHOOK (1998), which helps the design of lean production systems, is used as a basis for the development of the method. Two aspects were observed during the development of the method: the first one deals with the information content of the models and the second one with the application procedure of the method. The main characteristic of the method is the decomposition in three levels of mapping, from a generic level to a more detailed one. An illustration based on a hypothetic case is given as an example. At the conclusion of this work the advantages and limitations of the method are discussed. Some future researches are suggested based on the evaluation, application and complementation of the method.

Orientador: Paulo Correa Lima / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T02:07:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SantosNeto_FaustoFerreirados_M.pdf: 2574451 bytes, checksum: e24cbfc7b809b1748a11da92aa5cca33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Atualmente, numa economia globalizada, a sobrevivência das Empresas depende de suas habilidades e flexibilidades de inovar e efetuar melhorias continuas. Como resultado, as Empresas vem buscando incessantemente novas ferramentas de gerenciamento, que as direcionem para uma maior competitividade através da qualidade e produtividade. Este trabalho sugere um método para implementação de um Sistema de Manufatura Enxuta, numa empresa automobilística instalada no Brasil, que permita níveis mundiais de performance. Neste trabalho é feita uma revisão bibliográfica que engloba uma abordagem histórica do assunto e uma apresentação dos conceitos nos quais a Manufatura Enxuta está estruturado, além de ser apresentado um caso prático de implementação e abordagem gerencial, relatando seus estágios e os resultados obtidos. O que foi extremamente relevante é que esta implementação alcançou excelentes resultados, que foram obtidos sem investimentos em pessoal ou maquinários, mas apenas na no estudo e na implementação das ferramentas de manufatura enxuta Por fim, é feita uma análise relacionada a essa abordagem / Abstract: Nowadays, in the global economy, organizations survival depends on their capacity and flexibility to do continuous improvements, which take them to harder competitively through quality and productivity This work suggest a method for implementation, a Lean Manufacturing System, in an automobilist company installed in Brazil, that allow the company to reach a best industrial performance. This job is a bibliographic revision that inc1udes historic assumptions and presentation of concepts regarding lean manufacturing structure besides practice presentation and manager approach relating phases and results achieved. What was extremely relevant is that this implementation reached excellent results, which were obtained without investments in personal or machine, but only in the study or relocation of lay out and implementation of lean manufacturing tools. And the end it' s done related analyses of total approach / Mestrado / Planejamento e Gestão Estrategica da Manufatura / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Esta dissertação tem como foco a aplicação da metodologia enxuta, em um ambiente de trabalho público-administrativo, usando as técnicas do sistema de gerenciamento Lean Office. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar e combater os desperdícios encontrados no processo de atendimento a clientes externos para diminuir o tempo de processamento dos pedidos de prestação de serviços recebidos pelo Laboratório de Integração e Testes (LIT), do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), em São José dos Campos SP. O trabalho foi realizado em três etapas, sendo iniciado com a metodologia do Mapeamento do Fluxo de Valor (MFV), usada para descrever os estágios do processo em estudo e identificar oportunidades potenciais de melhoria. A seguir, utilizando-se os fundamentos da metodologia kaizen, foi desenvolvido um plano de ação que norteou a implantação de novas rotinas operacionais. Na terceira etapa, finalmente, o MFV foi revisado para refletir as melhorias consideradas e delinear o estado futuro do processo. Usadas de maneira integrada, estas metodologias orientaram o desenvolvimento de novos procedimentos operacionais, que possibilitaram reduzir em 22% (equivalente a aproximadamente três dias de trabalho) o tempo de processamento dos pedidos. / This dissertation focuses on the application of lean methodology in a public administration work environment, using the techniques of Lean Office management system. The objective of this research was to identify and combat the waste found in the attendance of the customers of the Integration and Test Laboratory (LIT), the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) in Sao Jose dos Campos - SP by reducing the orders processing time. The work was conducted in three stages, starting with the methodology of Value Stream Mapping (VSM), used to describe the stages of the process under study and identify potential opportunities for improvement. Then, using the kaizen methodological basis, an action plan was developed to drive the implementation of new operational routines. In the third stage, finally, the VSM was revised to reflect the improvements considered and outline the future state of the process. Used in an integrated manner, these methodologies guided the development of new operational procedures, that enabled 22% reduction (equivalent to three working days approximately) in the orders processing time.

Context: Software testing is a crucial area in software development. It has been found that there is little evidence on how testing is performed in software automotive domain. Challenges in this domain have not yet been fully evaluated. Furthermore, interactions between test procedures, and other activities of software development are left unexposed. Assessment of test process is an important part of improvement initiatives. Objectives: In this study we perform an in-depth investigation to identify challenges which lead to wastes in test process in the context of automotive software domain. To this end, we also identified strengths that add value in test process. Methods: We performed a Case study at a Sweden based large automotive organization. To this end, we conducted semi-structured interviews and used Grounded Theory method for interview data analysis. We used Value Stream Mapping (VSM), a Lean methodology tool for test process assessment. Furthermore, we conducted Systematic Literature Reviews to look for evidence of similar problems and solutions offered in peer-reviewed literature. Results: We grouped the identified challenges and strengths into 10 and 4 categories respectively. We also identified 7 kinds of waste and 4 kinds of values based using VSM. Based on systematic literature reviews, we proposed 7 solution proposals, an agile process model with practices. Conclusions: We conclude that VSM is an efficient tool in eliciting improvement potentials in software testing context using qualitative data. In regard to solution proposals, we propose further empirical work to evaluate the solution proposals themselves and tailor to company needs. However, the results obtained through this study can be compared to test processes at other companies in automotive domain. / kasoju.abhinaya@gmail.com

In a theoretical part of this work there is introduced a general view on logistics and its development, than a view on creating value for customer, basics of lean production, lean thinking and following methods as Six Sigma and Value Stream Mapping. At the end of the theoretical part there is mentioned outsourcing of logistics services and view on relationship between logistics provider and a client. In a practical part there is introduced a project of in-plant logistics optimalization in a factory producing steel pannels for MINI Cooper production. At the beginning there is introduced the factory itself, logistics services provider and a background of the project birth. Than there is a step by step description of a work on the project respecting a DMAIC methodology, it means that it's a classical example of a Six Sigma project using a Value stream mapping tool.

Transporter har blivit allt viktigare i vårt samhälle och beräknas fortsätta bli ännu viktigare de kommande åren. En stor utmaning för transportleverantörer är att bevara en hög kvalitetsnivå och samtidig hålla nere miljöpåverkan vilket sätter hög press på effektivisering av processerna. I dagsläget finns det få studier som undersökt möjligheten att effektivisera den faktiska transportprocessen genom styrningsmodeller som exempelvis lean. Därav syftar studien till att undersöka hur transportprocesser kan effektiviseras med hjälp av lean. Studiens teoretiska referensram består främst av Seven Waste Framework och Value Stream Mapping. Ett kvalitativt angreppssätt har använts och insamling av data har skett genom observationer kombinerat med intervjuer för att få god förståelse för processen. En anpassad metod har använts för att lättare kunna dokumentera och visualisera flödet för att få god förståelse för processen. Den anpassade metoden innebär att först utforma en VSM över processen, sedan att identifiera slöserier i processen för att till sist definiera en strategi för att effektivisera eller helst eliminera slöserierna. Resultatet av studien är att lean är ett resultatrikt verktyg för att effektivisera transportprocesser samt att VSM skapar god förståelse av processen vilket gör att lean och VSM är en framgångsrik kombination. / Transportation has increasingly become important in today’s society and is expected to continue to grow rapidly in the following years. A major challenge for transport providers is to maintain a high quality level and at the same time minimize the environmental impact, which puts pressure on the efficiency of the processes. At present, only a few studies which review the possibility to rationalize the actual transportation process through different accurate models such as lean. Therefore the study aims to review how transport processes can be streamlined using lean. The theoretical reference framework of the study consists mainly of Seven Waste Framework and Value Stream Mapping. A qualitative approach has been used and in order to give an overall understanding for the process, the data collection was made both through observations as well as by interviews. A customized method has been used to simplify the documentation and visualizing the process flow, and hence create a better understanding of the process. The steps to the customized method firstly designs a VSM of the process, then identifies waste in the process to finally define a strategy to minimize, or preferably eliminate, the waste. The study shows that lean is an effective tool for optimization of transport processes as well as VSM creates a good insight of the process, which makes lean and VSM a powerful combination.