[pt] A presente dissertação tem por objetivo analisar os impactos gerados pelas estruturas de organização das plataformas digitais com funcionamento baseado em algoritmos nos processos de deliberação informal e formação democrática da vontade ao promover distorções significativas em procedimentos públicos de comunicação e interação, com reflexos sobretudo na esfera pública política. E neste cenário, investigar a atuação de campanhas e movimentos políticos, empresas e ferramentas de propaganda que por meio de desinformação disseminada em ambientes virtuais provocam um esgarçamento do debate público diminuindo o nível discursivo e a eficácia da esfera pública. / [en] This dissertation aims to research the impacts generated by the communicative structures of digital platforms in the discursive level of public sphere and in the practices of informal deliberation, analysing social media and their algorithm based system of information that operates through massive data collection and fragmented arenas, mechanisms that have produced significant distortions in public communication, especially in the political sphere. And also to investigate on the current electoral context, the proceeding of political campaigns and social movements, propaganda tools and companies that, for promoting mass disinformation, caused a retraction in the public debate, intensifying political polarisation and radicalism, reducing the effectiveness of the public sphere.

This dissertation draws upon literary and cultural studies, hip-hop studies, and hip-hop feminism to explore Black women’s critical engagement with the boundaries of Black womanhood in the cultural productions of street literature and hip-hop music. The term “troublesome” motivates my analysis as I argue that the works of writers Teri Woods and Sister Souljah and of rapper Lil’ Kim create narratives that alternately highlight, reproduce, and challenge racist, classist, and sexist discourse on Black womanhood. Such narratives reveal hip-hop to be a site for critical reflection on Black womanhood and offer context-specific examples of the intersectionality of hip-hop generation women’s experiences. This project also incorporates ethnographic methods to document and validate the experiential knowledge of street literature readers. In the growing body of scholarship on street literature (sometimes called hip-hop fiction), there is limited work on the intertextuality of hip-hop music and street literature, and the dialogic nature of their listening and reading publics. This project offers an analysis of the discursive contributions of street literature texts, hip-hop music, and consumers and participants of hip-hop culture by reading the texts and sites of the culture as constitutive of a Black public sphere. By using the framework of hip-hop feminism to analyze street literature and hip-hop music, this dissertation argues that these women’s works demonstrate the possibilities in and through both popular mediums to trouble understandings of what Black feminism for the hip-hop generation is or can become. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

In the digital era, e-commerce has gained significant traction, displacing traditional brick-and-mortar stores. However, this transition has raised concerns among consumers regarding e-privacy and e-security. Disclosing personal information on public e-commerce platforms exposes individuals to potential risks, such as data breaches. It is crucial to address and understand these concerns to foster consumer trust and ensure the sustained growth and success of e-commerce. Therefore, this research employs a qualitative deductive approach which is valuable in achieving the purpose of this paper, in exploring consumers' concerns in e-commerce when the private goes public. Thus, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight (8) participants to ensure the gathering of in-depth information.  The key findings of this study emphasise that despite their concerns, consumers continue to engage in e-commerce due to its convenience. Trust in reputable e-commerce platforms is critical in alleviating privacy concerns. Individual knowledge and past experiences shape consumers' concerns, highlighting the significance of utilising trusted platforms and third-party payment methods. However, there remains a lingering caution stemming from potential hidden costs and fears of data misuse. The study underlines the importance for businesses to prioritise privacy and security measures, enhance transparency, and build trust. Additionally, it recommends implementing more explicit privacy policies and increasing consumer education on these matters.

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[pt] Dentro de uma perspectiva em que a digitalização dos hábitos já é uma realidade, a pesquisa se desenvolve a partir da intenção de investigar como essas novas práticas culturais tendem a transformar a vivência da cidade. Na contemporaneidade, o constante fluxo de informações voltam-se para transformar nossa concepção de sociedade e a estrutura das nossas relações, alterando assim, os conceitos de espaço e cotidiano atrelados a uma ideia do tempo instantâneo. São o que podemos chamar de hipercidade, onde o espaço é transformado à medida que o cotidiano é alterado de forma ininterrupta para atender essa vida digital. Com base em uma pesquisa de campo de viés etnográfico, atuando sobre os comportamentos dentro do metrô carioca, o trabalho tem por objetivo principal observar e discutir os efeitos da hipercidade e da digitalização dos hábitos na percepção e compreensão da cidade cotidiana. Como objetivos específicos estão (1) discutir alguns conceitos relacionados ao tema da tecnologia na reestruturação social e sua influência na compreensão do espaço urbano e (2) entender alguns desses efeitos do cotidiano digital no Metrô do Rio, caso de estudo selecionado. Assim, a pesquisa não só comprova e reforça, que o celular é o dispositivo tecnológico mais usado no espaço público, mas também permite afirmar que ele condiciona nossa vivencia e a forma como observamos a cidade. A vida contemporânea atrelada a essa vida digital, extrapola o limite da presença física com um encurtamento de distâncias, com o objetivo de equilibrar a vida com a velocidade do cotidiano digital. / [en] Within a perspective in which the digitization of habits is already a reality, the research develops from the intention of investigating how these new cultural practices tend to transform the experience of the city. In the contemporary world, the constant flow of information is aimed at transforming our conception of society and the structure of our relationships, thus changing the concepts of space and everyday life linked to an idea of instantaneous time. They are what we can call hypercity, where space is transformed as daily life is changed in an uninterrupted way to meet this digital life. Based on a field research of ethnographic bias, acting on the behaviors within the Rio subway, the main objective of this work is to observe and discuss the effects of hypercity and the digitization of habits on the perception and understanding of the everyday city. The specific objectives are (1) to discuss some concepts related to the theme of technology in social restructuring and its influence on the understanding of urban space and (2) to understand some of these effects of digital daily life in Rio s Metro, the selected case study. Thus, the research not only proves and reinforces that the cell phone is the most used technological device in the public space, but also allows us to affirm that it conditions our experience and the way we observe the city. Contemporary life, linked to this digital life, goes beyond the limit of physical presence with a shortening of distances, with the aim of balancing life with the speed of everyday digital.

I spåren av de senaste årens debatt om antropogen klimatpåverkan har en ny litterär genre vuxit fram: ”klimatböcker”. Dessa böcker fyller den viktiga funktionen att kommunicera problemet till allmänheten. I denna uppsats undersöker jag tre svenskspråkiga klimatböcker och analyserar hur författarna, med olika utgångspunkt, tilldelar ansvaret att minska koldioxidutsläppen. Gemensamt för böckerna är synen på klimatfrågan som ett politiskt problem som kräver politiska lösningar. Författarna placerar både det individuella och det kollektiva ansvaret inom den demokratiska ordningen. Jag problematiserar detta genom att relatera till teorier om den offentliga debattens brister. / Following the last few years of public debate on anthropogenic climate change, a new literary genre has emerged: ”climate books”. These books have the important role of communicating the problem to the general public. In this paper I analyze three Swedish climate books with regards to how they assign responsibility for mitigating climate change. The books regard the climate issue as a political problem requiring political solutions. The authors place the individual and collective responsibility within the democratic order. I problematize this by relating to limitations in public sphere theory.