During the seventies, it is possible to verify the arising of a set of works characterized by a tendency on recovering aesthetic elements and values from Romanticism in East-Germany Literature. That country lived under the Socialism imposed by force by the USSR, and the State exerted strong oppression, censorship and repression over people, and also imposed a realistically-based program to be followed by the writers, in order to consolidate the ideological principles of the regime the Socialist Realism, created departing from Georg Lukács conceptions on realism. In response to this context, some literary works can be considered as assuming the role of resistance, by the adoption of non-mimetic forms and techniques of writing. In this sense, this thesis aims at doing a comparative analysis between Christa Wolf s novel Kein Ort. Nirgends and Ulrich Plenzdorf s novel Die neuen Leiden des jungen W., focusing on the possible role of themes as subjectivity, melancholy and turn to past to the political and social aspirations proper of the writers vinculated to this literary tendency. The concept of Romanticism must be understood according to the particular historical meanings resulting with regard to the discussion on cultural and literary heritage. Christa Wolf s, Bertolt Brecht s, Theodor Adorno s, Walter Benjamin s and Anatol Rosenfeld s essays constitute the main critical and theoretical approach used to base this research / Durante a década de 70, verifica-se na literatura da República Democrática Alemã (RDA) o surgimento de um conjunto de obras caracterizadas pela retomada de elementos e valores referentes ao período romântico alemão. O país vive sob o Socialismo imposto à força pela URSS, e o Estado exerce sobre o povo forte opressão, censura e repressão, além de impor um programa de base realista a ser seguido pelos escritores, com o fito de consolidar os princípios ideológicos do regime o Realismo socialista, criado a partir das concepções de realismo de Georg Lukács. Em resposta a esse contexto, pode-se considerar que algumas obras literárias funcionam como resistência, ao adotar formas e técnicas não miméticas de escrita. Neste sentido, a presente dissertação visa a realizar uma análise comparativa entre os romances Kein Ort. Nirgends, de Christa Wolf e Die neuen Leiden des jungen W., de Ulrich Plenzdorf, tendo em vista o possível papel de temas como a subjetividade, a melancolia e o voltar-se para o passado para as aspirações político-socias dos escritores vinculados à referida tendência literária. O conceito de Romantismo deve ser entendido de acordo com os significados históricos particulares resultantes em função da discussão em torno da herança cultural e literária. O principal aporte crítico e teórico empregado como base para essa pesquisa advém dos ensaios de Christa Wolf, Bertolt Brecht, Theodor Adorno, Walter Benjamin e Anatol Rosenfeld

This essay sets out to bring further knowledge within the field of political participation on an aggregated level in Sweden. The theoretical access point for this study is the modernization theory provided by Lipset (1959). This theory will be investigated to see if variables within this theory have an effect on the Swedish voter turn-out. Furthermore this study aims to investigate if the contexts of the economical situations have an effect on modernization. The main questions of this essay is: (1) what effects do modernization have on voter turn-out in Swedish municipals? (2) Regarding the economic cycles, what influence does the effects of modernization have on voter turn-out? The method used in this essay is a qauntative analysis in the form of a bivariate and a multiple regression analysis. The empirical material in this study includes statistics from different public agencies. The analysis aims to investigate three election years, 1994, 2006 and 2014. The empirical study shows that socioeconomic pre-conditions, such as average income level, and urbanization have a positive and strong effect on the Swedish voter turn-out on an aggregated level. This shows that modernization theory is not relevant in full, it rather shows that certain parts of the original theory is relevant today. The effects modernization have on voter turn-out is also a lot stronger when the economic context is an economic boom. When the economy goes down the effect goes down with it.

La prostitution est une activité exercée par de nombreuses personnes prostituées afin de pouvoir subvenir à leurs besoins, comme c'est le cas pour toutes les personnes exerçant une activité professionnelle. Cette activité qui est imposable comme les autres activités professionnelles, n'est pas reconnue comme une profession. Malgré la reconnaissance de l'existence d'une prostitution volontaire, le législateur français ne permet pas aux personnes prostituées de conclure un contrat de travail ou d'entreprise relatif à la prostitution. Cependant, ces contrats leurs permettraient de bénéficier des régimes de protection sociale de la population active, donc d'améliorer leurs conditions de vie, car la santé des personnes prostituées est mise en péril par la nature de leur activité. L'étude des éléments constitutifs du contrat de prostitution, permet de constater que si l'évolution des mentalités s'accompagnait d'une réforme des textes relataifs aux actes liés à la prostitution, la conclusion de ces contrats serait envisageable. / Prostitution is an activity exercised by many people, in order to meet their needs, as it is for any person exercising any professional activity. Although this activity is taxable, as for any other work, it is not recognized as a profession. Despite the recognition of volunteer prostitution, French law does not allow prostitutes to conclude a work or buisness contract relative to prostitution. However, this type of contract waould allow them to enjoy the benefits of general social protection programs, and therefore to improve their life conditions, as the health of prostitutes is somehow endangered by the inner nature of this activity. The study of the components of the prostitution contract shows that, if the change the attidudes was accompagnied by a reform of laws relating to acts associated with prostitution, then the conclusion of these contracts would be possible.

The thesis presents specifics of the turn-key investment's export to Russian Federation financed by Czech Export Bank Plc. (the "CEB"). The aim of this thesis is to outline the general procedure applied in CEB towards export financing of turn-key investments, as well as to the Russian market. Furthermore, this thesis describes mutual trade relations between the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation, as well as possible difficulties that might occur during the export to Russia. Theoretical knowledge is reflected to the final case study describing the financing in form of the buyer's credit provided by CEB.

Slider is a part of turn restrictor mechanism designed by company TOKOZ a.s. It is a part with complicated form and small dimensions from material DC04 (equivalent according to Czech standard ČSN 11 305.21). As the most suitable option for part manufacturing was chosen cutting and bending in progressive die. A design of forming layout with 11 stations was made and considering the outcomes of related calculations preliminarily selected presses LEXN 100 and Kaiser KSTU 1600. Subsequently was designed one row progressive die. Based on this designs were made few variants of part price calculations according to TOKOZ company customs. According to price calculation outcomes was as the most suitable selected press Kaiser KSTU 1600.

This study investigates the representation of post-apartheid discourses and decolonial messages of The Thinker magazine. It further examines how the magazine in question confronts and negotiates the aftermath of apartheid and coloniality. Particularly, the nature of these discourses and narratives in the context of a new dispensation in South Africa. South Africa experienced the brunt of apartheid and it is currently still grappling with the condition of coloniality. The latter manifests itself into the dimensions of power, knowledge and being. For this reason, a de-linking option from coloniality and apartheid becomes imperative if a new consciousness, liberatory trajectory and social justice are to be attained. Accordingly, the study sought to determine whether African Renaissance could be used as a de-linking tool/option. Taking into account The Thinker‘s messages from the year 2010 to 2016, the study examines whether the magazine promotes a decolonisation narrative. The study sought to provide a contribution to knowledge insofar as discourses of decoloniality and social justice in South Africa are concerned. The study employs a cultural studies lens, in particular, the principle of radical contextualism and Steward Hall’s model of articulation. Cultural studies was used because of its transdisciplinary/interdisciplinary and flexible approach to social phenomenon under study. A mixed-methods approach in the form of a sequential transformative design was employed, however, the qualitative aspect (thematic analysis) was prioritised as dictated by the research question and objectives. It was proven in this study that quantitative elements can be applied successfully within a decolonial inquiry. Hence, the methodological contribution of the study in that regard. The study found that The Thinker highlights the continuation of the atrocities of coloniality and apartheid in post-apartheid South Africa. It is thus suggested by the text that a decolonial trajectory and thinking is needed given the aftermath of apartheid and the condition of coloniality. Furthermore, African Renaissance can be used to reaffirm and repudiate the dominant discourses of coloniality and apartheid if employed authentically by its proponents. However, the text points out the challenges that may hinder the processes of decolonization and liberation such as the self-serving and corrupt leadership that perpetuate the status quo at the expense of the interests of the people. / Communication Science / M.A. (Communication)

The National Agency for Education (Skolverket) and The Swedish National Curriculum have stated that equality between female and male students is important. The present study investigates students in the subject English in Swedish upper secondary school and municipal school for adult education from the perspective of gender dominance in English conversation with a teacher present, with the focus on turn-taking. Two separate observations were made in three classes in adult education and two classes in upper secondary school. The research questions of this investigation are; which gender dominates the on-going conversation in English with a teacher present, how the turns were allocated, given or taken, and if the gender patterns differ between a municipal school for adults and an upper secondary school. The potential impact of the teacher’s sex on the patterns of domination is also taken into consideration. Female dominance as well as male dominance is revealed in the result of the investigated classes’ gender patterns. The results also reveal that the teacher’s sex could have an impact on the patterns of domination.

The National Agency for Education (Skolverket) and The Swedish National Curriculum have stated that equality between female and male students is important. The present study investigates students in the subject English in Swedish upper secondary school and municipal school for adult education from the perspective of gender dominance in English conversation with a teacher present, with the focus on turn-taking. Two separate observations were made in three classes in adult education and two classes in upper secondary school. The research questions of this investigation are; which gender dominates the on-going conversation in English with a teacher present, how the turns were allocated, given or taken, and if the gender patterns differ between a municipal school for adults and an upper secondary school. The potential impact of the teacher’s sex on the patterns of domination is also taken into consideration. Female dominance as well as male dominance is revealed in the result of the investigated classes’ gender patterns. The results also reveal that the teacher’s sex could have an impact on the patterns of domination.

Title: Raman optical activity and conformational flexibility of peptides in solution Author: Jana Hrudíková Department: Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Vladimír Baumruk, DrSc. Supervisor's e-mail address: baumruk@karlov.mff.cuni.cz Abstract: Molecular flexibility can significantly modify Raman and ROA spectral intensities, band positions and the ROA signs. Taking into account dynamic aspects of behavior of studied molecules in solution via conformational averaging therefore seems to be crucial for spectral interpretation. The first of studied models, histidine, plays an important role in metallo-enzymatic reactions and peptide folding, due to its imidazole ring. ROA spectra of His at different pH, His complexed with Cu2+ and dipeptides His- Gly and Gly-His were recorded on the spectrometer built at the Institute of Physics of the Charles University as a first step of the subsequent study. The second studied system, a cyclic hexapeptide c-(Phe-D-Pro-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp), serves as a convenient model for β- hairpin and anti-parallel β-sheet. It was previously studied by means of VCD and IR. From molecular dynamics simulations 10 peptide geometries were selected for spectral modeling. The Raman and ROA spectra were calculated ab initio. For a model fragment Phe-D-Pro, which...

The diploma thesis "How active seniors cope with stereotyping" presents the view of active senior citizens on the issue of ageism in Czech society. Research based on analysis of semi-structured interviews shows that active seniors do not consider inequality as a major problem, mainly because of their life optimism, which helps them overcome the stereotypes. Another important strategy the respondents - active seniors - apply is building/keeping a distance between themselves and the rest of the senior population, upon which they look the same way as the rest of Czech society does. The idea that they themselves do not match the prejudices, but the other seniors do, reinforces the stereotypical view of older people and also presents the active seniors as exceptional. The veneration of an active lifestyle in old age does not seem to be a direct effect of active aging trend, as all respondents had been very active throughout their whole life. Although active seniors present themselves as open to society, they prefer to spend their free time with other (active) people of their own age. Despite the rhetoric of assertiveness they are often passive, when confronted with discrimination, and try to sidestep an anticipated unpleasant situation.