<p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att ta reda på om Försvarsmakten har förmåga att genomföra övergång av större vattendrag med tyngre materiel. Detta gör jag genom att göra en fallstudie på <em>Operation Gazelle </em>för att förklara hur israelerna nyttjade sin förmåga till övergång av vattendrag för att få ett högt tempo i sin strid<em>. </em>Jag undersöker också den materiel vilken utbildning och vilka förband Försvarsmakten har för att bygga färjor och flytande broar.</p><p>  Inledningsvis förklarar jag viktiga begrepp såsom tempo, rörlighet, OODA-loopen/beslutscykeln och vattendrag. Jag använder mig av dessa begrepp senare i uppsatsen där jag kopplar detta till hur Israel använde sig av fältarbetsresurser för rörlighet för att få ett högt tempo i sin strid.</p><p>Slutsatserna är att Israel till stor del lyckades med <em>Operation Gazelle</em> tack vare att de hade förmågan att genomföra en vattenövergång över Suezkanalen. Försvarsmakten har i dag en förmåga att genomföra övergångar av större vattendrag. En större grad av samövning mellan manöverenheter och ingenjörförband kan vara lämpligt.</p> / <p>This essay <em>Operation Gazelle - how the ability to create mobility over watercourses can contribute to a high tempo in combat. </em> The aim with this essay is to find out if the Swedish Armed Forces have an ability to implement transition of bigger watercourses with heavier equipment, such as tanks. By doing a case study on operation Gazelle I will examine the ability the Swedish Armed Forces have in the form of equipment, education and units. </p><p>  Initially, I will explain important concepts as tempo, mobility, the OODA-loopen and watercourses. I use these concepts later in the essay where I will link this to how Israeli used combat engineering to get mobility and high tempo in combat.</p><p>I use this in order to explain how the Israeli to a large extent succeeded with operation Gazelle due to their ability to make a water transition over the Suez canal. Swedish Armed Forces has today an ability to implement transitions of bigger watercourses. A bigger degree of cooperation between the maneuver units and engineering units can be appropriately.</p>

Syftet med denna uppsats är att ta reda på om Försvarsmakten har förmåga att genomföra övergång av större vattendrag med tyngre materiel. Detta gör jag genom att göra en fallstudie på Operation Gazelle för att förklara hur israelerna nyttjade sin förmåga till övergång av vattendrag för att få ett högt tempo i sin strid. Jag undersöker också den materiel vilken utbildning och vilka förband Försvarsmakten har för att bygga färjor och flytande broar.   Inledningsvis förklarar jag viktiga begrepp såsom tempo, rörlighet, OODA-loopen/beslutscykeln och vattendrag. Jag använder mig av dessa begrepp senare i uppsatsen där jag kopplar detta till hur Israel använde sig av fältarbetsresurser för rörlighet för att få ett högt tempo i sin strid. Slutsatserna är att Israel till stor del lyckades med Operation Gazelle tack vare att de hade förmågan att genomföra en vattenövergång över Suezkanalen. Försvarsmakten har i dag en förmåga att genomföra övergångar av större vattendrag. En större grad av samövning mellan manöverenheter och ingenjörförband kan vara lämpligt. / This essay Operation Gazelle - how the ability to create mobility over watercourses can contribute to a high tempo in combat.  The aim with this essay is to find out if the Swedish Armed Forces have an ability to implement transition of bigger watercourses with heavier equipment, such as tanks. By doing a case study on operation Gazelle I will examine the ability the Swedish Armed Forces have in the form of equipment, education and units.    Initially, I will explain important concepts as tempo, mobility, the OODA-loopen and watercourses. I use these concepts later in the essay where I will link this to how Israeli used combat engineering to get mobility and high tempo in combat. I use this in order to explain how the Israeli to a large extent succeeded with operation Gazelle due to their ability to make a water transition over the Suez canal. Swedish Armed Forces has today an ability to implement transitions of bigger watercourses. A bigger degree of cooperation between the maneuver units and engineering units can be appropriately.

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Taiwan's Uni-President Enterprise Corp. started its business from flour. In order to save costs, Uni-President proceeded with a vertical industrial integration at the initial stage, opened additional businesses at the middle stage, and diversified until recently. He has been playing a pivotal role as a pioneer for marketing, product development, and even diversification strategies in this industry. With the expansion of overseas investments, Uni-President Enterprise Corp. received significant benefits from economies of scale. South Korea has been a formidable competitor to Taiwan. Our market is not only flooded with various Korean electronic equipment, household appliances and audio-visual entertainment, but also the foods. For example, the koala-shape biscuits and chocopie, which are rather popular, are from Lotte, the food industry leader of South Korea. These two enterprises are both leaders in the food industry, and take integration and diversification as parts of their development process. Diversification of product and business is the main method to facilitate growth. M&A (Merger & Acquisition) is the fastest and safest way to enter a new business field. Taiwan's Uni-President Enterprise Corp. and Korea's Lotte Group are the main cases for this study. Here we analyzed their strategies and motivations to understand the synergy and business performance these groups have as well as their differences.

After the ending of the Cold War and the break down of the Soviet Union, the old polarized system collapsed and the new international structure of world powers hasn't formed yet in a short time. Researchers of international relations have diversely defined the new framework of world power as ¡§uni-polar¡¨¡B ¡§ multi-polar¡¨ or ¡§multi-powers under uni- polar¡¨. From the perspectives of China, the definition of ¡§ multi-powers under uni- polar¡¨ can most properly describe the new international system and is completely in accordance with the international strategy of China. In the assumption, uni-polar means US and multi-powers means other important powers, including major regional actors or groups like China､Russia､Japan､EU and some newly developing powers like India､Brazil and South Africa. In response to the huge change of international system and in order to develop much more power of influence on international affairs,China introduced the concept of ¡§New Security perspective¡¨ to try to develop common interests with major powers and neighboring states through cooperation and dialogues. Then in 2003, China publicly proposed the concept of ¡§Peaceful Rise¡¨ and soon has been regarded as competitive opponent by U.S.A and countries around China. The way China rose aroused the attention of the international society and ¡§China Threat Theory¡¨ has become more and more well-known. The purpose of this research is to explore the theoretical basis､strategic value and purposes of the theory about China's peaceful rise, and extensively to analyze how China develops new international strategies and comprehensive national power. Additionally, I try to develop findings about the theme and hope that will helpful for our government to scheme corresponding policies to ensure our national security.

Domestic marketing is in vigorous development these years. On the one hand is to be in accordance with the fast changing of the market due to the goods flow concerns the survival development very much; on the other hand, because of the impact of joining the WTO and the challenge of globalization, enterprises are in the tight corner that even they don¡¦t go out, there are rivals attack actively. The empires feel the pressure, and of course, so do those small and medium-sized enterprises. Under this kind of circumstance, most of the enterprises develop the logistics and the information flow as the main consideration, but as the finance flow, is only for accounting. Though the academic world has re- searches on marketing, most of them are about the logistics and the infor- mation flow. As the part of combining the reformation of finance flow, per- haps one certain company gets some advantages from it, but to the industry or enterprise connecting with supply chain as the main body, there is no complete integrated discussion about upstream and downriver and let alone the research regarding the integrated profit. This research takes the leading domestic food industry, Uni-President, as the object. The whole supply chain takes the Uni-President as the core and extends to the upstream supplying system, downriver retailing system and the end of logistics to discuss the alternation of finance flow¡¦s procedures and the benefits from the application. Through the case description and analysis, the customers (the sales companies and distributors), the collaborative banks, all Uni-President¡¦s manufactories and the suppliers (manufactures) start out for the potential need to the finance flow. It reveals the fact that how the group coordinates, discovers and plans to find out the essential reformation and core value to the finance flow step by step and by way of continuous communi- cation and persuasion to push the reformation which joins the banking group, suppliers and customers to the finance flow. To this entire supply chain, it encourages the fund¡¦s turnover, upgrades the business credit, widens the financial accommodation, reduces the risks of operation, and accelerates the operation profits in the chain. Those mentioned above provide an invisible and powerful competitive advantage and a closer strategic cooperative value between upstream and downriver for all the strategic partners in this supply chain to create a marvelous and a win-win situation. Hoping this research could help the industries/private enterprises who are willing to be devoted on this and be as an important reference while they plan the reformation of the finance flow to the supply chain.

We study a novel structure employing the woven continuous carbon fiber (CCF) epoxy composite with high electromagnetic (EM) shielding. The influences of wove type, number and angle of overlapped plates upon the shielding effectiveness (SE) of wove CCF epoxy composite are investigated. The minimum SE of the single, double, and triple plain or balanced twill woven CCF composite plates were measured to be as high as 50 dB, 60 dB, and 70 dB, respectively. More than 100 dB of SE was obtained for the triple overlapped plain wove CCF composite at frequency of 0.9 GHz. The weight percentage of single CCF composite plate required for electronic application was 4.8% only, which was less than one quarter of the carbon fiber (CF) content and the performance of SE was 10 dB higher in comparison with long CF filled liquid crystal polymer composites. The SE calculated theoretically is consistent with that measured by the experiment. We have demonstrated a new woven CCF epoxy composite with high EM shielding. This work may lead to the development of effective shielding for plastic optical transceiver modules to prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI) for use in low cost and lightwave communication systems.

Cette thèse étudie l'évolution sur vingt ans des systèmes d'emploi français et britannique en privilégiant l'analyse de la relation entre niveau de salaire et stabilité en emploi.<br />La problématique relève des approches de type segmentationniste dont on montre la pertinence pour appréhender les effets, sur la structure des systèmes d'emploi, des profondes mutations économiques, sociales et politiques qu'ont connus ces deux pays industrialisés au cours des vingt dernières années. Il en ressort que dans l'un et l'autre cas, les systèmes d'emploi s'organisent en différents régimes de stabilité d'emploi et de salaire et qu'il n'y a pas, dans ce cadre, de généralisation de l'emploi instable.<br />L'existence de différents régimes valide l'idée de segmentation. De l'estimation de modèles Logit emboîtés ressort une structuration tripolaire des systèmes d'emploi français et britannique qui se maintient d'une période à l'autre. Cette permanence recouvre cependant en France un durcissement de la différenciation au regard de la stabilité d'emploi au sein de la population active occupée d'âge médian. (30-55 ans). Au Royaume-Uni, les régimes où la stabilité est la plus élevé ou la plus faible restent isolés dans un contexte de croissance des inégalités salariales.

A bi-polar world emerged at the end of World War II. The United States and the Soviet Union were the world's superpowers and tensions between them spiraled consequently bringing about the Cold War. United States foreign policy during the Cold War revolved around containment policy. The Middle East during the Cold War was a region that the bi-polar world's superpowers wanted to influence, and protect. The United States during the Cold War warned the Soviet Union through presidential doctrines that it would fight to keep the Middle East from communism, and the Soviet Union's influence. The bi-polar international power structure did not allow the United States the ability to pick its battles. The power structure that constrained the Cold War forced the United States to react to the Soviet Union, and it forced foreign policy makers to always consider the Soviet Union's response to its policies. United States foreign policy in the Middle East during the Cold War threatened wit h military methods to solve local and regional instabilities. However, the United States was constrained by the bi-polar world thus, it was cautious of committing military troops in the region permanently and upsetting the region's delicate balance of power. United States foreign policy toward the Middle East has changed between 1981 and 2006. This change is in the direction of greater use of military methods to resolve what various administrations have perceived to be local and regional instability. This change in policy is partly attributable to changes in the United States power position in the world. A United States foreign policy shift in the Middle East occurred due to a change in the distribution of political power within the interstate system. This change has had the following result: the United States is no longer constrained by the bi-polar international power structure that characterized the Cold War period. The collapse of the Soviet Union created the uni-polar internationa l power structure. United States foreign policy is now capable of deploying the military to resolve local and regional instabilities in the Middle East, and that deployment has tended to become increasingly permanent in nature.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-25T23:18:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CarmenSylviaAlvesDeVasconcelos_DISSERT.pdf: 1357187 bytes, checksum: 38a11f58bea2e31976a8b91e8261c9da (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-28T00:13:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CarmenSylviaAlvesDeVasconcelos_DISSERT.pdf: 1357187 bytes, checksum: 38a11f58bea2e31976a8b91e8261c9da (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T00:13:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarmenSylviaAlvesDeVasconcelos_DISSERT.pdf: 1357187 bytes, checksum: 38a11f58bea2e31976a8b91e8261c9da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-26 / Esta disserta??o analisa a decis?o proferida pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal brasileiro na A??o de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental 132/RJ e na A??o Direta de Inconstitucionalidade 4277/DF, que criou, no pa?s, a uni?o est?vel entre pessoas do mesmo sexo. Nessa decis?o, o STF interpretou conforme a Constitui??o o art. 1.723, do C?digo Civil, invocando v?rios direitos fundamentais positivados na Carta Maior. De todos esses direitos invocados pela Suprema Corte para basear a cria??o pretoriana, o conte?do do direito constitucional ? igualdade ? o ?nico que corresponde, e ? suficiente, para evidenciar a necessidade da cria??o pela via legislativa do referido instituto de direito civil, em raz?o da proibi??o constitucional de qualquer distin??o que n?o seja expressamente prevista na pr?pria Constitui??o (art. 3?, IV da CF). Nesse sentido, o art. 226, ? 3?, n?o se apresenta como exce??o capaz de atender a essa condi??o de previs?o constitucional, pois, embora proteja segundo seu teor t?o somente a uni?o est?vel ?entre o homem e a mulher?, n?o tem cond?o de proibir a cria??o pelo legislador de outros tipos de entidades familiares, incluindo a uni?o est?vel entre pessoas do mesmo sexo. No entanto, tal racioc?nio, embora leg?timo do ponto de vista do legislador, n?o sustenta a cria??o do instituto pela Corte Constitucional, a quem cabe aplicar o direito criado, interpretando-o nos limites permitidos pelo texto legal e de sua constitucionalidade. No caso da uni?o est?vel entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, n?o poderia a Corte deduzir que ela estivesse impl?cita na lei, como na interpreta??o conforme a Constitui??o que foi dada pelos julgadores, em raz?o dos limites sem?nticos das palavras homem e mulher, presentes em ambos os dispositivos. Tampouco poderia a Corte cri?-la, ultrapassando o papel constitucionalmente destinado ao Poder Judici?rio. Criando o instituto, o STF ultrapassou, pois, dois limites: o da interpreta??o e o da aplica??o do direito. / This dissertation analyses the Brazilian Supreme Court?s judgement in the Non-compliance Action of the Fundamental Precept 132/RJ and in the Direct Action of Unconstitutionality 4277/DF, which created in the country the same-sex civil union. In This decision, the STF interpreted according to the constitution Article 1.723 of the Civil Code, invoking several fundamentals reaffirmed in the Constitution. From all these laws invoked by the Supreme Court to support the pretorian creation, the content of consitutional Law regarding equality is the only that corresponds, and it is sufficient to evidence the necessity of the creation, by legislator, of the institute for civil rights, since the Constitution forbids distinctions that is not expressly provided for in the Constitution (Art. 3?, IV, of Federal Constitution). In this way, Article 226, ? 3? is not an exception capable of satisfying the condition of the consitutional foresight because although it protect, according its content only the civil union ?between the man and the woman?, it is not able to forbid the creation, by legislator, of another kinds of families, including the same-sex civil union. As such, the reasoning, now legitimate according to the legislator, is not support the creation of institute by Constitutional Court, because the Court may enforce the Law, interpreting in the purviews allowed by the legal text and its constitutionality. In regard to the civil union of individuos of the same sex, the Court could not deduce that such union was implied by Law, like the interpretation according to the Constitution given by judges, on grounds of semantic purviews of the words man and woman, existents in both articles. The Court could not created it either, exceeding the legal system role. So, upon the institute creation, the STF, exceeded two limits: the interpretation and Law enforcement.