The present study focuses on the issue of unaccompanied minors (UAMs) and trafficking and is a case study about Greece. Its purpose is to comprehend the factors that make UAMs vulnerable to trafficking, highlight gaps in protection measures, and evaluate the effectiveness of the legal and policy framework. It is important to research this subject because of its utmost importance as a critical human rights issue. By delving into it, human rights values are upheld and contribute to the broader goal of safeguarding children and preventing trafficking globally. Vulnerability theory and securitization theory form the basis of this thesis and a qualitative method was used with field research conducted through semi-structured interviews. The results showed that UAMs represent a vulnerable group at risk of trafficking in Greece or possibly be already victims from their country of origin or during the migration journey, attributable to existing gaps in their protection and various contributing factors. The results of this study include the need for establishing a national child protection system, improving protection measures and preventive mechanisms, and fostering collaboration with stakeholders to protect these children. / Η παρούσα μελέτη επικεντρώνεται στο ζήτημα των ασυνόδευτων ανηλίκων (Α.Α.) και της εμπορίας ανθρώπων και αποτελεί μελέτη περίπτωσης για την Ελλάδα. Σκοπός της είναι να κατανοήσει τους παράγοντες που καθιστούν τους Α.Α. ευάλωτους στην εμπορία ανθρώπων, να επισημάνει τα κενά στα μέτρα προστασίας και να αξιολογήσει την αποτελεσματικότητα του νομικού και πολιτικού πλαισίου. Είναι σημαντικό να ερευνηθεί το θέμα αυτό λόγω της ύψιστης σημασίας του ως κρίσιμου ζητήματος ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων. Με την εμβάθυνση σε αυτό, υποστηρίζονται οι αξίες των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων και συμβάλλουν στον ευρύτερο στόχο της προστασίας των παιδιών και της πρόληψης της εμπορίας ανθρώπων σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. Η θεωρία της ευαλωτότητας και η θεωρία της ασφαλειοποίησης αποτελούν τη βάση της παρούσας διπλωματικής και χρησιμοποιήθηκε ποιοτική μέθοδος με έρευνα πεδίου που διεξήχθη μέσω ημι-δομημένων συνεντεύξεων. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι οι Α.Α. αποτελούν μια ευάλωτη ομάδα που κινδυνεύει να πέσει θύμα εμπορίας στην Ελλάδα ή ενδέχεται να έχει πέσει ήδη θύμα είτε στη χώρα καταγωγής τους είτε κατά τη διάρκεια του μεταναστευτικού ταξιδιού, γεγονός που αποδίδεται στα υπάρχοντα κενά στην προστασία τους και σε διάφορους παράγοντες που συμβάλλουν σε αυτό. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτής της μελέτης συμπεριλαμβάνουν την ανάγκη για τη δημιουργία ενός εθνικού συστήματος παιδικής προστασίας, τη βελτίωση των μέτρων προστασίας και των προληπτικών μηχανισμών και την προώθηση της συνεργασίας με τους ενδιαφερόμενους φορείς για την προστασία αυτών των παιδιών.

The aim of the study was to explore what methods the personnel in five residential care homes in Götaland, Sweden, implement to integrate unaccompanied minors. The study investigated how and what methods are constructed as well as how the social interaction between the unaccompanied minors and the personnel at the homes bring about the learning of the methods. Five face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed through the perspective of social construction and social learning theory. The result revealed that the methods are not clearly identified by the personnel. The personals are still learning how to work with unaccompanied minors from their experiences. This indicates that the practice is at its infant stage. The study found a wide variety of methods, which were based on the child and where some methods intend to build good relationship, to integrate the children into society and to facilitate the development of strategies and methods. The study also addresses the issue of how the methods and strategies can be affected by the dynamic migratory flow and the question of evidence based practice within this field.

The following study was conducted at an upper secondary school in Sweden and attempts to explore the question of what influences male pupils’ reading habits. Many quantitative international studies, including PISA, PIRLS and IEA Reading Literacy, have sought to answer this question, but only partially succeeded due to the limitations of their methods. Therefore, this study seeks to explore this question in more depth using qualitative methods, including interviews and classroom observations, but also minor tests. Two facts which the previously mentioned international studies have found is that boys and particularly immigrant boys tend to have worse reading results than their counterparts. It is therefore the aim of this study to study four male students in upper secondary school; of which two are native Swedes and the other two are unaccompanied refugee children; one from Afghanistan and the other from Morocco. The findings of this study are as follows. Firstly, necessity was found to be the single most important factor for the reading habits of these four pupils; especially the two refugees. Both refugees learnt to read under harsh circumstances in madrassas in their respective home countries. Moreover, the Moroccan pupil learnt to speak and read Spanish fluently during his seven years as a homeless child. Furthermore, in the absence of necessity, interest was found to be decisive in determining the pupils’ reading habits. In addition to this, the study theorizes that an interest in reading generally arises before the ability to read and not vice versa. However, teachers can in fact affect their pupils’ reading habits even in upper secondary school.

John Blow (1649-1708) was among the first group of boys pressed into the service of King Charles II, following the decade of Puritan rule. Blow would make compositional efforts as early as 1664 and, at the age of nineteen, began to assume professional positions within the London musical establishment, ultimately becoming, along with his pupil and colleague, Henry Purcell, London's foremost musician. Restoration sacred music is generally thought of in connection with the stile nuovo which, for the first time, came to be a fully accepted practice among English musicians for the church. But the English sacred polyphonic art, little threatened by England's largely political Reformation, embodied sufficient flexibility as to allow it to absorb new ideas, thereby remaining vital well into the seventeenth century. Preserved from decisive Italian influences by the Interregnum, the English sacred polyphonic tradition awoke at the Restoration full of potential for continuing creative activity. In addition to studying Blow's polyphonic compositions, including the transcription of several not available in modern edition, this paper seeks to address the unique nature of the English polyphonic tradition which allowed it to retain its vitality throughout the seventeenth century, while other polyphonic traditions were succumbing to the ossifying influences of the stile antico concept. Identification of the Continental stile antico through pertinent treatises and scores revealed a marked distinction between its application and the English polyphonic art as seen in the work of John Blow. In the end, the peculiar nature of Restoration polyphony is seen to be derived from a number of factors, among them, the continuation of liturgical ceremonial within the independent English church, the flexibility of the English polyphonic medium with regard to new musical developments, and the interruption of England's cathedral music tradition just as Italian influence was beginning to be felt in liturgical music. The sacred polyphony of John Blow represents the last great flowering of the English polyphonic tradition, with all of its idiosyncracies, in a lively, as yet unfettered style.

This research paper explores the educational challenges faced by unaccompanied refugee youths in Stockholm. It focuses on the ongoing educational challenges that stem after separating from their families or other representatives in struggling to find a safe place; and adjust to a foreign country with minimal support. The research also examines what educational services that have been made available to these unaccompanied refugee youths.  Furthermore, how successful they have been in adjusting into the Swedish educational system and achieving their educational goals.   We have conducted a qualitative research method using semi-structured interviews to provide insightful findings into this research topic. The sample included ten unaccompanied refugee youths and three professionals that are experts in the area of unaccompanied refugee youths.  The findings underscore that most of the unaccompanied refugee youths´ dropout from school before they are able to achieve their post- secondary education due to different challenges that influence their educational pursuit.    Key words: challenges, support, imbalance, education, and unaccompanied Refugee youths.

Title page, table of contents and abstract; v.2: table of contents; v.3: table of contents only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / This doctoral submission comprises three volumes and is entitled Twistonality: A Personal Exploration. Volume One consists of a portfolio of eleven original compositions, Volume Two is an exegesis and Volume Three contains live and/or computer-generated recordings of the music. The works are scored for a variety of instrumental and vocal combinations. The compositions explore the use of tonality as a basis for the creation of a uniquely personal style which incorporates musical gestures encountered in both traditional and contemporary performance practice. The term 'twistonality', devised for this submission, refers to a musical language in which a composer may express original ideas by twisting forms and tonal structures already resident in the conscious or subconscious memory in order to reflect his or her emotional reality as experienced through music. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1283916 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Elder Conservatorium of Music, 2007

Title page, table of contents and abstract; v.2: table of contents; v.3: table of contents only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / This doctoral submission comprises three volumes and is entitled Twistonality: A Personal Exploration. Volume One consists of a portfolio of eleven original compositions, Volume Two is an exegesis and Volume Three contains live and/or computer-generated recordings of the music. The works are scored for a variety of instrumental and vocal combinations. The compositions explore the use of tonality as a basis for the creation of a uniquely personal style which incorporates musical gestures encountered in both traditional and contemporary performance practice. The term 'twistonality', devised for this submission, refers to a musical language in which a composer may express original ideas by twisting forms and tonal structures already resident in the conscious or subconscious memory in order to reflect his or her emotional reality as experienced through music. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1283916 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Elder Conservatorium of Music, 2007

Title page, table of contents and abstract; v.2: table of contents; v.3: table of contents only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / This doctoral submission comprises three volumes and is entitled Twistonality: A Personal Exploration. Volume One consists of a portfolio of eleven original compositions, Volume Two is an exegesis and Volume Three contains live and/or computer-generated recordings of the music. The works are scored for a variety of instrumental and vocal combinations. The compositions explore the use of tonality as a basis for the creation of a uniquely personal style which incorporates musical gestures encountered in both traditional and contemporary performance practice. The term 'twistonality', devised for this submission, refers to a musical language in which a composer may express original ideas by twisting forms and tonal structures already resident in the conscious or subconscious memory in order to reflect his or her emotional reality as experienced through music. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1283916 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Elder Conservatorium of Music, 2007

U N I V E R Z I T A K A R L O V A FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA Sociální politika a sociální práce Katedra sociální práce Diplomová práce Master Thesis Bc. Sarah Asfour Factors hampering the integration of Refugee Children Faktory ztěžující integraci uprchlických dětí Vedoucí práce: doc. PhDr. Oldřich Matoušek 2018 ABSTRACT The main aim of this thesis is to describe the factors that hamper the integration of Refugee Children into a new society. Factors that are mentioned in relation to integration are connected with an education gap, unfamiliarity with the language spoken in a new society, a bad economic situation of a family and its consequences and unstable or inappropriate housing. Social economic factors are also mentioned in the thesis. Child Labour closely linked to family conditions are discuess together with the worst form of it: child requitment into army. Refugee children coming from various backgrounds also may face many psychologically challenging situations when forcefully or willingly leaving their home country and other significant situations connected to their refugee status. In this thesis, I discuss psychological distresses that influence children's mental state due to war experience, migration experience, extended stays in refugee camps or post-migration stressors. In this thesis the situation of...

Syften med studien var att undersöka och få en fördjupad förståelse kring socialsekreterares kompetens i arbetet med ensamkommande barn, detta utifrån socialsekreterare och HVB- personalens perspektiv. Studien undersökte även vikten av kulturkompetens och hur samarbetet fungerade mellan aktörerna. I denna kvalitativa studie har nio intervjuer genomförts, med fyra HVB-personal och med fem socialsekreterare. En semistrukturerad intervju valdes eftersom en semistrukturerad intervju har fler öppna frågor och bredare tema, vilket ledde till att respondenterna hade möjlighet att påverka intervjuns innehåll. Vi strävade efter ett resultat och en analys där respondenternas egna ord och upplevelser stod i centrum. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkter postkolonialism och intersektionalitet gav studien de perspektiv som möjliggjorde en analys av den insamlade empirin. Slutsatsen utifrån studiens syfte och frågeställningar tydde på att socialsekreterare behöver mer erfarenhet i arbetet med just ensamkommande då utbildningen inte sträcker sig över ämnet ensamkommande och migration. Kulturkompetens visade sig vara av stor vikt i arbetet med ensamkommande för att kunna förstå deras kultur och bakgrund samt vad individen bär med sig. Samarbetet mellan aktörerna fungerade bra men kunde förbättras, aktörerna var dock oense om vem som oftast tog initiativet till kontakt. Det som försvårade för aktörerna var att rollerna kunde uppfattas som otydliga och brist på resurser. / The purpose of the study was to investigate and gain an in-depth understanding of the municipal social workers competence in the work with unaccompanied children, this from the perspective of the municipal social workers and the HVB-staff. But also the importance of cultural competence and how the cooperation between the authorities worked. In this qualitative study, nine interviews were conducted, with four HVB-staff and five municipal social workers. A semi- structured interview was chosen to be conducted because it has more indefinite questions and a broader theme, which led to the respondents having the opportunity to influence the content of the interview. We strived for a result and an analysis where the respondents’ own words and experiences were in focus. The study’s theoretical starting points postcolonialism and intersectionality gave the study the perspectives that enabled an analysis of the collected empirical data. The conclusion based on the purpose of the study and issues indicated that municipal social workers need more experience in working with unaccompanied children as the education does not extend to the subject of unaccompanied children and migration. Cultural competence proved great importance in the work with unaccompanied minors in order to clearly understand their culture and background, what the individual carries with them. The cooperation between the authorities worked well but could be improved, however, the respondents disagreed on who most often took the initiative to contact. What made it difficult for the respondents was that the roles could be perceived as unclear and lack of resources.