In Jordan, a woman is often murdered by members of her own family if she is found to have tainted the family's honor in any way. Refusing to enter into an arranged marriage, being seen alone with a male stranger or even wearing makeup have all been cited as incidents that shame the family and result in what are called "honor killings". These honor killings have continued to plague Jordan, and other countries in the Middle East, well into the 21st century, despite the country's progress towards modernization. The dominance of the patriarchal family and the inability of the country to experience economic growth are strong contributors to the perpetuation of these horrible crimes in a country that is considered to be relatively modern in this day and age.

Bakgrund: Våld mot kvinnor är den vanligaste typen av våld och förekommer över hela världen. Varje år anmäls tiotusentals fall av våld mot kvinnor över 18 år och i genomsnitt dödas 16 kvinnor varje år till följd av våld i Sverige. Flera våldsutsatta kvinnor som besöker sjukvården upplever ett bristfälligt bemötande och det kan därför vara betydelsefullt att göra sjuksköterskor mer medvetna om hur våldsutsatta kvinnor kan bemötas. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva sjuksköterskans bemötande av våldsutsatta kvinnor på sjukhus utifrån ett globalt perspektiv. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en allmän litteraturstudie och baserades på 11 empiriska artiklar inom området våld mot kvinnor utifrån ett globalt perspektiv. Resultat: Sjuksköterskor kände rädsla och ovana i mötet med våldsutsatta kvinnor, vilket resulterade i att sjuksköterskor undvek att ställa frågor om våld i hemmet. Majoriteten av studierna visade att sjuksköterskor önskade mer kunskap och utbildning om hur kvinnor som utsatts för våld kan bemötas inom sjukvården. Flera studier visade att våld mot kvinnor var socialt accepterat i vissa länder och att flera sjuksköterskor upplevde att kvinnor inte borde offentliggöra våldet för vårdgivare eller myndigheter, utan att hålla det inom familjen. Diskussion: Sjuksköterskors bristfälliga bemötande kan bero på att sjuksköterskor inte fått undervisning om våld mot kvinnor under sin utbildning eller på sin arbetsplats. Våld mot kvinnor kan vara socialt accepterat i många länder och därför är det av vikt att svenska sjuksköterskor blir mer medvetna om kulturella aspekter som kan ligga bakom våldet för att bättre kunna hantera dessa patienter. Slutsats: Det råder en stor brist på kunskap inom området våld mot kvinnor speciellt om kulturella aspekterna och det krävs mer utbildning och forskning för att kunna förbättra bemötandet mot dessa kvinnor. / Bakground: Violence against women is the most common type of violence and occurs worldwide. Each year tens of thousands reports cases of violence against women over 18 years and an average of 16 women are killed each year due to violence in Sweden. Many abused women who visit health care facilites is experiencing an inadequate response and it may therefore be important to make nurses more aware of how abused women can be countered. Purpose: The purpose of this literature was to describe nurses' encounters to abused women in hospitals from a global perspective. Mehtod: The study was conducted as an general literaturereview study and was based on eleven empirical articles in the area of violence against women from a global perspective. Results: Nurses felt fear and unfamiliarity of encounthers with abused women, which resulted in nurses avoided to ask questions about domestic violence.The majority of the studies showed that the nurses wanted more knowledge and education on women victims of violence could be addressed in health care. Several studies showed that violence against women was socially acceptable in some countries and that many nurses felt that women should not disclose violence to health care providers or authorities, but to keep it in the family. Discussion: Nurses lacking encounte may be because nurses have not received education on violence against women during their training or in the workplace. Violence against women can be socially accepted in many countries and therefore it is essential that Swedish nurses become more aware of cultural aspects that could be behind the violence in order to better manage these patients.Conclusion: There is a great lack of knowledge in the field of violence against women, especially in the cultural aspects behind it and there is a need for more education and research to improve the encounters towards these womens.

The aim of this thesis was to investigate the relationship of ambivalent sexism toward women and men and system justification with understanding of honor and attitudes toward violence against women for protecting honor. 351 undergraduate students from METU, Ankara and Gazi University participated in the study (180 females and 166 males). Participants&amp / #8217 / ages ranged from 17 to 30 (M=21.56). Data was collected by a questionnaire consisting of Understanding of Honor Scale / Attitudes toward Violence against Women for Protecting Honor Scale / Ambivalent Sexism Inventory which has two subscales of Hostile Sexism (HS) and Benevolent Sexism (BS) / and Ambivalence toward Men Inventory which has two subscales of Hostility toward Men and Benevolence toward Men (BM) / and Economic System Justification Scale and demographic information. Seperate linear regression analyses for males and females were performed in order to compare their responses. Results showed that among males, higher levels of HS and BM / and lower levels of HM / and among females, higher levels of BM and system justification predicted higher tendency to relate honor with women&amp / #8217 / s virginity and holding men responsible for protecting it. Regarding attitudes toward violence against women for protecting honor, males&amp / #8217 / scores were positively associated with BM, whereas females&amp / #8217 / scores were positively associated with BM and ESJ scores. The thesis aims to contribute to the literature by (1) investigating the concept of honor which has not been delt with in psychology literature / (2) introducing two newly developed scales: Understanding of Honor Scale and Attitudes toward Violence against Women for Protecting Honor Scale / and (3) making use of ambivalence toward men and women, and system justification theory while investigating the topic.

Since the issue of dating violence emerged onto the research agenda in the 1980s, researchers have focused upon measuring the prevalence of physical violence occurring in young people’s intimate relationships, using quantitative methods. Surveys, which have limited young people’s reporting to stating whether or not they have perpetrated or sustained any of a fixed range of predetermined violent acts, have formed the dominant methodological approach. In the main, dating violence studies have focused on researching university students in the United States of America, and young people not attending American universities are an under-researched population in the dating violence literature. The dearth of qualitative approaches to past studies of dating violence has meant that young people’s own accounts of their experiences, attitudes and perceptions of dating violence and abuse have been afforded minimal focus. Feminist theoretical approaches to dating violence research are now emerging, contributing a valuable gendered analysis of the issues. Through qualitative interviews with forty five young people aged 16-21 (23 men and 22 women), recruited primarily from a Further Education college and an organisation working with young people not in education, employment or training, this thesis explores young people’s attitudes, perceptions and experiences of violence and abuse in intimate dating relationships, through a feminist theoretical lens. The study is couched in a rich body of feminist empirical and theoretical literature, which conceptualises intimate partner violence as primarily an issue of men’s violence against women, perpetrated with the rationale of maintaining power and control. The impact that popular theoretical discourses of gender equality and female empowerment may have upon young people’s capacity to acknowledge ongoing gender inequalities is also considered in this thesis. The findings of the current research indicate that young people’s dating relationships (and experiences of heterosexuality in general) reflect ongoing gender inequalities which are influenced to a great extent by patriarchal modes of power and control. The accounts of young men and women in this study established dating relationships as sites of imbalanced gender power, with many modes of men’s power control, surveillance and monitoring of their girlfriends described as ‘normal’ and acceptable. There was a widespread perception among the participants that dating violence is an issue of ‘mutual combat’ where women are just as likely as men to be perpetrators, even though their experiences of dating violence largely reflected the pattern of female victims and male perpetrators. In regard to violence against women by men, many of the participants perceived men’s violence to be understandable in the face of women’s provocation, particularly in cases where women are perceived to be ‘cheating’. For a significant minority of young people, intimate relationships are sites of violence and abuse, with women disproportionately the victims. The findings from this study indicate a lack of awareness of the avenues of support that can be accessed by young people experiencing dating violence and abuse. The findings also highlight a requirement for direct educative strategies to challenge some young people’s support for men’s violence against women.

Intimate partner violence is a problem which is increasingly drawing attention in society. The authority responsible for providing care and support to victims of intimate partner violence and their children is the social services. The purpose of this study was to show how social workers deal with intimate partner violence and to create a description of how this work is currently carried out in seven municipalities in the north-west of Stockholm. This was done through a quantitative survey including all investigating social workers in the municipalities concerned. The results were analysed with concepts from organizational theory. The findings showed that there is a need for further education related to intimate partner violence. The differences observed between the municipalities were derived mainly to the presence of a coordinator for issues concerning violence against women. Furthermore, results showed that social workers believe that the best possibilities to help victims of intimate partner violence lay outside the own organization. To better fulfil their statutory responsibility regarding intimate partner violence the next step for the municipalities would be to make sure that social workers gain further knowledge about intimate partner violence.

Violence against women is considered a global issue and it denies women their most basic human right, their health. The news media have been identified as an important factor in how violence against women is interpreted and perceived by society. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate how journalists and editors in Guyana, South America, work with the coverage of violence against women. Furthermore, this thesis examines what policies and views on news value that are prominent on the newspapers and what possibilities journalists and editors experience, to make an impact on society, through their reporting. Eight qualitative in-depth interviews were carried out with editors and reporters on the three most widely spread daily newspapers in Guyana. Also a quantitative content analysis, covering January-April 2014, was performed on the same newspapers. In total 159 articles that reported on cases of violence against women were found and coded. The result indicates that the reporting in Guyana conforms to previous research. The conclusion is that when it comes to context, language and sources used, the newspapers generally fail to work with violence against women adequately. The reporting preserves and reproduces patriarchal power structures by using victim blaming or perpetrator excusing language, not covering it as a social issue and overusing official sources. Furthermore, the result indicates that there are unwritten policies on the newspapers. However, these guidelines are not always followed. The study indicates that the reporting is not given enough resources in terms of time and money, which might be a result of that reporters and editors do not experience that readers are interested enough for the topic to get sufficient resources.

In Gonzalez et al. v. Mexico, a case decided by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in 2009, a context of discrimination and violence against women was known to target particular subgroups of women, of which the claimants were constituent, distinguished inter alia by their age, socioeconomic and, in some cases, migrant status. Despite this, the judgment of the Inter-American Court focused almost exclusively on sex discrimination and violence against women as a broader social phenomenon. With this judgment forming the background for the critique, the author will develop an anti-essentialist framework for the analysis of discrimination and violence against women claims where the discrimination was compounded by various identity factors. Intended to assist the Inter-American Court with its articulation of norms and standards in such cases, the ultimate value of this framework should be measured in terms of the assistance it can offer the Court at the reparations stage.

In Gonzalez et al. v. Mexico, a case decided by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in 2009, a context of discrimination and violence against women was known to target particular subgroups of women, of which the claimants were constituent, distinguished inter alia by their age, socioeconomic and, in some cases, migrant status. Despite this, the judgment of the Inter-American Court focused almost exclusively on sex discrimination and violence against women as a broader social phenomenon. With this judgment forming the background for the critique, the author will develop an anti-essentialist framework for the analysis of discrimination and violence against women claims where the discrimination was compounded by various identity factors. Intended to assist the Inter-American Court with its articulation of norms and standards in such cases, the ultimate value of this framework should be measured in terms of the assistance it can offer the Court at the reparations stage.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research was part of the discussion of the care network to women in situations of violence. Aimed to know the conceptions and actions of primary health care services of professionals for the care network for women in situations of violence. This research was exploratory and descriptive with a qualitative approach, developed in three Strategies of Family Healthcare and a Basic Health Unit from the city Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. The participants were twenty and one health professional in these locations. The data collection occurred during the months from April to July 2015, through semi-structured interviews. For assessment of the data obtained, it was used the Thematic Content Analysis proposed by Minayo. Some recommendations were followed, as fixed by the Resolution 466/2012 of the National Health Council, respecting the regulatory standards for research involving human subjects. On the total study participants, fifteen are women. As for labor characteristics and professional training of health professionals, it is emphasized that seven are Community Health Workers; and the majority of the working time is less than one year. The statements of the participants were organized into three themes: facilitating factors to identify situations of violence against women in the Primary Health Care; hindering aspects for the identification of situations of violence against women in the Primary Health Care and care network to women in situations of violence. Health professionals should understand that the health care of women victims of violence does not end in the health services, and therefore they need to be able to meet the responsibilities from the different departments that set the inter-sectoral network in order to make appropriate referrals. In this perspective, health services also become strategic for the development of actions with women in situations of violence, knowing that health professionals often are included in the enviroment in which these women live. So they need to be prepared to offer these women a qualified assistance, focusing on integrality of health actions. / A presente pesquisa inseriu-se na discussão da rede de atenção à saúde das mulheres em situação de violência. Teve como objetivo conhecer as concepções e ações de profissionais de serviços da Atenção Primária à Saúde para a atenção em rede às mulheres em situação de violência. Tratou-se de pesquisa exploratório-descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida em três Estratégias de Saúde da Família e uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do município de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Os participantes foram vinte e um profissionais de saúde trabalhadores desses locais. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos meses de abril a julho de 2015, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para apreciação dos dados obtidos foi empregada a Análise de Conteúdo do Tipo Temática proposta por Minayo. Foram seguidas as recomendações previstas na Resolução nº466/2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, respeitando as normas regulamentadoras de pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos. A análise dos depoimentos dos participantes foi organizada em três categorias temáticas: aspectos facilitadores para a identificação de situações de violência contra as mulheres na APS; aspectos dificultadores para a identificação de situações de violência contra as mulheres na APS e rede de atenção as mulheres em situação de violência. Os profissionais de saúde devem entender que a atenção à saúde das mulheres em situação de violência não se encerra nos serviços de saúde, e por isso precisam ser capazes de conhecer as atribuições dos diferentes serviços que compõe a rede intersetorial, para poder realizar encaminhamentos adequados. Nesta perspectiva, os serviços de saúde também se tornam estratégicos para o desenvolvimento de ações junto às mulheres em situação de violência, tendo em vista que os profissionais de saúde, muitas vezes, estão inseridos no território onde essas mulheres vivem. Assim, precisam estar preparados para ofertar a estas mulheres uma assistência qualificada, com foco na integralidade das ações em saúde.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:47:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3698853 bytes, checksum: 2aef64808c364d9731b5fd0d369cfa20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aimed to analyzing the potential of serious games as a pedagogical tool in the qualification of health professionals in the approach to domestic violence against women. Recognized as a universal problem and important epidemiological dimension, violence against women is a phenomenon based on gender, and its confrontation requires multidisciplinary interventions. To develop and evaluate the serious game presented in this research, the work included simultaneous adoption and complement of two methodological approaches: the qualitative and quantitative. The quality plan was used for defining the pedagogical dimension of the game, i.e. to identifying the themes that led to construction of the conceptual map categories (MC). Such categories and themes subsidized game implementation guiding the definition and creation of game elements: plot, challenges, images/scenes and method of evaluation. The theoretical dimension of the game and its pedagogical character are based on the Constructivist perspective based on the Freiriana methodology of problematization of reality. Pandora's box is a narrative about the life of a woman in a situation of domestic violence using public health services.The graphic design of the game and the method of evaluation were designed to work with concepts that guide professional practice by considering the knowledge and worldviews of the professionals are constituted as instruments of the health working process. In this approach, the game elements (illustrations, reflective dialogues, musical tracks and the method of valuation of the player, which acts as the intelligence of the game) were designed to awaken the motivations for reflection and awareness of the player. From the quantitative research, the game has been validated on the 85 professionals from family health teams. The results of this validation enabled verify the capability of the game for deserting the motivations towards learning about the issue, mobilizing new knowledge and enabling the production of new concepts by the players. The results showed that the game also proved powerful to steer changes of conceptions regarding the problem. Pandora's box was well accepted by health professionals as a pedagogical resource and training, having positive evaluation of more than 90% of the players. That way, the argument championed in this study that the serious games are capable of arousing motivation for learning and changing conceptions of the domestic violence committed against women. In particular, Pandora's box has the potential to working the theme of domestic violence in public health services and to contributing to a change of paradigmatic assistance on women's health. / Este estudo objetivou analisar as potencialidades dos serious games como uma ferramenta pedagógica na qualificação de profissionais de saúde na abordagem à violência doméstica contra a mulher. Reconhecida como um problema universal e de importante dimensão epidemiológica, a violência contra as mulheres é um fenômeno baseado no gênero e o seu enfrentamento requer intervenções multidisciplinares. Para desenvolver e avaliar o serious game apresentado nessa pesquisa, o trabalho comportou a adoção simultânea e complementar de duas abordagens metodológicas: a qualitativa e a quantitativa. O plano qualitativo foi utilizado para a definição da dimensão pedagógica do jogo, ou seja, para a identificação dos temas que conduziram a construção das categorias do Mapa Conceitual (MC). Tais categorias e temas subsidiaram a implementação do game orientando a definição e criação dos elementos do jogo: enredo, desafios, imagens/cenas e método de avaliação. A dimensão teórica do jogo e o seu caráter pedagógico fundamentam-se na perspectiva Construtivista com base na metodologia Freiriana de problematização da realidade. Caixa de Pandora trata de uma narrativa sobre a vida de uma mulher em situação de violência doméstica que recorre aos serviços públicos de saúde. O design gráfico do jogo e o método de avaliação foram projetados para trabalhar com concepções que orientam práticas profissionais por considerar que os saberes e as visões de mundo dos profissionais se constituem como instrumentos do processo de trabalho em saúde. Nesse enfoque, os elementos do jogo (ilustrações, diálogos reflexivos, trilhas musicais e o método de avaliação do jogador, que atua como a Inteligência do jogo) foram elaborados para despertar as motivações para a reflexão e a tomada de consciência do jogador. A partir da pesquisa quantitativa, o jogo foi validado por 85 profissionais de equipes de Saúde da Família. Os resultados dessa validação permitiram verificar a potencialidade do jogo para desertar as motivações no sentido da aprendizagem sobre o tema, mobilizando novos saberes e permitindo a produção de novos conceitos pelos jogadores. Os resultados evidenciaram também que o jogo se mostrou potente para orientar mudanças de concepções a respeito do problema. Caixa de Pandora foi bem aceito pelos profissionais de saúde como um recurso pedagógico e de treinamento, tendo avaliação positiva de mais de 90% dos jogadores. Dessa maneira, confirma-se o argumento defendido neste estudo de que os serious games são capazes de despertar motivações para o aprendizado e mudança de concepções sobre a violência doméstica cometida contra mulheres. Em especial, Caixa de Pandora apresenta potencialidades para trabalhar o tema da violência doméstica nos serviços públicos de saúde e contribuir para uma mudança paradigmática da assistência na saúde da mulher.