(in English) This diploma thesis aims to map in detail the profession of an early childhood intervention counselor and to find out professional demands and personality prerequisites, which are necessary for its performance. The first part of the thesis deals with the collection of theoretical knowledge about the early childhood intervention social prevention service from its beginnings in the Czech Republic to the present state. It also defines the clientele of the service, which is a family with a child with a disability or at risk of development under the age of seven years. In the research part, based on an analysis of the results of four methods, which are a questionnaire, a time snapshot of the day, a semi-structured interview and a critical incidents technique, the work analysis of early childhood intervention is compiled. The whole work is concluded by the construction of an educational program, which is based on the research findings and the created work analysis.

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Sweden has the ambition to be the world leading country leveraging the opportunities of digitalization in the healthcare sector. In parallel, the Swedish Research Council highlights that conducting more clinical studies is essential to improve the healthcare. Henceforth, considering the need for increased operational efficiency as an enabler for increased clinical activity, a digital transformation of the industry was identified as a potential catalyst. The study thus utilizes a cognitive work analysis framework to investigate the potential benefits and risks of digitizing the functional operations at a contract management department for clinical studies at a Swedish university hospital. The aim is thereafter to determine the appropriate properties necessary to consider managing a digital transformation. The analysis identified three key benefits from a digitization. 1) transparent data sharing, 2) standardized contract management and 3) efficient operations. These three aspects are currently insufficient at the department hindering the objective of increasing the clinical activity. The study found that a digital transformation would be suitable in order to mitigate these insufficiencies and consequently facilitating the achievement of the objectives. Thereafter, the study found the key properties to consider managing a digital transformation to be interoperability, quality, adaptability and usability. In addition, safety was found critical to be considered in the transformation as the contract management department acts under rigid laws and regulations on ethics and patient security with which digitized processes must comply. The results contribute to the field of cognitive systems engineering. However, the study has limitations regarding the reliability and generalizability of the results. The findings are based on a single case study, which may not be representative for the industry in general nor for university hospitals in particular. In addition, since no actual digitalization effort was performed at the organization during the study, appropriate properties key to consider in the digital transformation are speculative by design. Consequently, it is necessary to study an actual implementation process in future research and whether the proposed considerations are sufficient in order to realize the suggested benefits of such a digitalization. / Sverige har ett övergripande mål att vara det ledande landet när det gäller att dra nytta av digitaliseringens möjligheter inom sjukvården. Dessutom understryker Vetenskapsrådet att det är centralt för förbättrad sjukvård att öka antalet kliniska studier i landet. Följaktligen, med tanke på behovet av en ökad operativ effektivitet, identifierade författarna det av intresse att studera digitalisering av branschen. Studien tillämpar således ett kognitivt ramverk för arbetsanalys i syfte att undersöka de potentiella fördelarna eller riskerna med att digitalisera den funktionella verksamheten hos en kontrakthanteringsavdelning för kliniska studier vid ett stort svenskt universitetssjukhus. Målsättningen är därefter att ta fram lämpliga egenskaper som är nödvändiga att beakta vid hanteringen av den digitala transformationen. Kontrakthanteringsavdelningen fanns att inneha brister i sina arbetsprocesser gällande transparens, effektivitet och standardisering vilket hindrar målet avseende ökad klinisk aktivitet. Studien visade att en digital transformation skulle vara nödvändig för att motverka dessa brister, samt för att möjliggöra en uppskalning av organisationen. Ett annat specifikt förbättringsområde som skulle underlättas av en digital transformation visade sig vara förbättrad synkronisering mellan arbetsprocesser. Vidare fann studien att de mest kritiska egenskaperna nödvändiga att beakta, vid hantering av en digital transformation, skulle vara interoperabilitet, kvalitet, anpassningsförmåga och användbarhet. Dessutom är säkerhet en egenskap som visat sig vara kritisk att beakta vid digitalisering då kontrakthanteringsavdelningen lyder under stränga lagar och föreskrifter beträffande etik och patientsäkerhet. Resultaten bidrar till forskningsområdet cognitive systems engineering. Studien har dock vissa begränsningar gällande tillförlitlighet och generaliserbarhet. Resultaten är baserade på en enfallstudie, som eventuellt inte är representativ för branschen i allmänhet eller för universitetssjukhus i synnerhet. Dessutom, då ingen digitaliseringsinsats utfördes under studien är de viktiga egenskaperna att beakta i den digitala transformationen enbart spekulativa. Således är det i framtida forskning viktigt att studera en faktisk implementation och då studera om föreslagna beaktanden är tillräckliga för att utnyttja digitaliseringens möjligheter.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-24T17:57:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Lucia Helena D Mendes.pdf: 3293969 bytes, checksum: 87f413cae995c8cdaba84edb5cccb9ab (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-08-31T11:37:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Lucia Helena D Mendes.pdf: 3293969 bytes, checksum: 87f413cae995c8cdaba84edb5cccb9ab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-31T11:37:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Lucia Helena D Mendes.pdf: 3293969 bytes, checksum: 87f413cae995c8cdaba84edb5cccb9ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-10 / Esta dissertação está fundamentada em um estudo de caso que utiliza como base a Ergonomia, visto que o cenário atual dos ambientes laborais, face às transformações aceleradas no mundo do trabalho, produziram efeitos negativos como o aumento de incidências de doença e de afastamentos no trabalho. Para tanto a pesquisa possui caráter exploratório e descritivo e tem como proposta discutir, quais os benefícios que a Ergonomia pode trazer para o ambiente da Biblioteca Central do CEFET/RJ e para os funcionários que nela estão inseridos de modo que se possa contribuir para que eles tenham um ambiente mais saudável e seguro e consequentemente mais Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho. A ferramenta utilizada neste estudo foi a Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho que propiciou através de sua análise corrigir e propor um ambiente mais adequado e como consequência uma melhoria na qualidade de vida do trabalho dos funcionários inseridos na biblioteca em questão. Para o alcance deste objetivo fez se necessário: identificar as condições de trabalho, detectar os possíveis riscos, conhecer as atividades e a percepção dos funcionários pertencentes a este ambiente em análise para identificar suas reais necessidades. Este estudo também fez comparação com os resultados e a realidade da biblioteca citada com as normas de ergonomia em vigência. Foi verificado após a análise que os principais fatores ergonômicos ligados ao desconforto estão relacionados com as condições ambientais (iluminação, ruído, temperatura e mobiliário). As contribuições desta pesquisa contemplaram: o ambiente laboral estudado na forma de propiciar melhor QVT, a Instituição na maneira de cooperar com resultados mais positivos e ao mundo acadêmico em geral. / This essay is based on a case study that uses based on Ergonomics, since the current scenario of working environments, face the accelerated changes in the work world, they produced negative effects such as increased incidences of disease and of departures at work. For both exploratory and descriptive character has research and its proposal to discuss, what are the benefits that ergonomics can bring to the environment of the Central Library at CEFET/RJ and for employees that are inserted so that it can contribute to them to have a safe and healthy environment and consequently more quality of life at work. The tool used in this study was the ergonomic analysis of the work provided by your correct analysis and propose a more suitable environment and an improvement in the quality of life of staff entered in the library in question. To achieve this goal made if necessary: identify working conditions, detect possible risks, learn about the activities and the perception of officials belonging to this environment under review to identify their real needs. This study also did comparison with the results and the reality of the library quoted with the standards of ergonomics in term. It was verified after the analysis the main factors linked to ergonomic discomfort are related to environmental conditions (lighting, noise, temperature and furniture). The contributions of this research involved: the working environment studied in the form of providing better QVT, the institution on way to cooperate with more positive results and the academic world.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2005. / Title from second page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [2], vi, 72, [22] p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37).

En voulant revoir le concept de transposition didactique (TD) dans un milieu professionnel, nous avons étudié le travail des vulgarisatrices agricoles féminines en Tunisie. Deux thèses sont soutenues simultanément : a/ La limite du concept de transposition didactique dans la lecture d’un espace de travail et l’intérêt du concept d’activité. b/ Contrairement à la représentation répandue, à savoir d’être des agents d’exécution, les vulgarisatrices sont plutôt des travailleuses créatives et créatrices de possibles. La combinaison d’approches sociologiques, psychologique historico-culturelles, didactique disciplinaire et didactique professionnelle, a permis, par des observations directes, des analyses d’entretiens et de documents, de suivre le processus de TD du début jusqu’à la fin avec des vulgarisatrices sur le terrain. Nous découvrons alors que le processus de TD ne rend compte que d’une partie de la réalité professionnelle qui est complétée par l’analyse de l’activité des vulgarisatrices. La transposition n’est pas uniquement didactique mais elle est avant tout professionnelle pragmatique. Tout en constituant un référent à la transposition, le cadre prescriptif influence et contraint les vulgarisatrices prises dans son mécanisme, mais la transposition est également le produit de leur activité socialement, culturellement et émotionnellement située. Nous comprenons mieux ainsi la diversité des activités de transposition situées et individuelles. / While re-examining the concept of didactic transposition (DT) in a professional environment, we studied the work of female agricultural advisors in Tunisia. Two arguments are simultaneously defended. A) The limits of the concept of “didactic transposition” in analysing a work environment and the interest of the concept of “activity”. B) Women who act as agricultural advisors are creative workers rather than simple executants. We combined sociological, psychological, historical and cultural approaches, academic and vocational didactics, directly observing women in charge of agricultural extension, analysing interviews and documents, following the process of DT from the beginning to the end. We thus discovered that the process of DT only partly accounts for the reality of these women’s work, the analysis of their activity supplementing it. Transposition is not only didactic; it is also vocational and pragmatic. The prescriptive framework constitutes a referent for transposition; it also influences and constrains the women who are involved in agricultural extension. Transposition is the result of their activity which is socially, culturally and emotionally situated. We are thus better able to understand the diversity of the activities of transposition once they have been situated in a context and recognized in their individuality.

This diploma thesis deals with animated clip and its application in teaching process, in particular in arts and music classes at secondary basic school, by means of project methodology. The theoretical part, besides project method, which is the center point of this work, also focuses on history of animated film, together with animated clip and its asset. Subsequently, the final section of the practical part applies the findings of the theoretical part. The final section of this diploma thesis is a model animated clip Adebars Reise "The Flight of a Stork" and a draft for the project education in arts and music education at secondary basic school, on the topic of animated clip.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3626.pdf: 4001884 bytes, checksum: 954ad4ee82dc23ace83d0dff7e127423 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-18 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / This dissertation has been realized in a chemistry analysis laboratory inside a Brazilian oil refinery. From the initial demand to project and build a new laboratory in a specific refinery, in order to attend the current work and the future work load increase, a key question was raised, the necessity to understand the laboratory work reality face the prescribed work. This case study has analyzed the labor in many subunits, or, Production Centers of the studied laboratory according to the Ergonomics Analysis of Work approach. It dares the necessity to understand the work organization, positioning the activity as central to the analysis, and unfold issues such the human relations at work. After doing the observations, transcriptions, analyses and auto-confrontation it was realized that, although the procedures prescription has been prescribed by the workers themselves, it was relatively simple and did not take into account the variety of activities. Therefore the workers resort of many means that were learned, created or incorporated to execute the tasks. These information, variability and situations are managed by the worker´s competencies, and are highlighted through specific skills, from previous and acquired knowledge, and from past experience. Due the competency to deal with work in this environment, it may be said that the workers adopt individual and collective strategies to manage the work, overcome the variability and the existing risks in order to produce reliable certifications ensuring health and productivity. / Esse trabalho foi realizado em um laboratório de análise química situado dentro de uma refinaria brasileira. A partir da demanda inicial de se projetar e construir um novo laboratório em uma refinaria específica, que viesse atender o trabalho atual e o aumento futuro da carga de trabalho, foi levantada uma questão chave, a necessidade de compreender a realidade no trabalho em laboratório de analise química em contraposição ao trabalho prescrito. Esse Estudo de Caso analisou o trabalho em várias subunidades, ou seja, Centros de Produção, existentes no laboratório estudado segundo a abordagem da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho. Ela incita a necessidade de compreender a organização de trabalho, coloca a atividade de trabalho no centro da análise, e revela questões como a relação dos homens no trabalho. Após as observações, transcrições, análises e autoconfrontações constatou-se que apesar de os procedimentos serem prescritos pelos próprios trabalhadores, esses documentos são relativamente simples e não levam em conta a variedade de atividades. Dessa forma, os trabalhadores recorrem a vários meios aprendidos, criados ou incorporados para executar as tarefas. Essas informações, variabilidades e situações são administradas em virtude da competência dos trabalhadores, e são evidenciadas por meio de habilidades específicas, de conhecimentos prévios e adquiridos, e de experiências em diversas situações. Devido à competência em lidar com o trabalho nesse ambiente de produção, pode-se dizer que os trabalhadores adotam estratégias individuais e coletivas para gerir o trabalho, superar as variabilidades e os riscos existentes no intuito de produzir certificações confiáveis preservando a saúde e a produtividade.