Syftet med studien var att kvantitativt undersöka förekomsten av negativ kroppsuppfattning samt sambandet mellan negativ kroppsuppfattning och psykisk ohälsa hos unga män. Frågeställningarna var hur vanligt det var med negativ kroppsuppfattning hos unga män på gymnasieskolor i södra Sverige, samt om det fanns ett samband mellan negativ kroppsuppfattning och psykisk ohälsa hos samma målgrupp. Urvalet bestod av 116 deltagare ( M = 17 år), vilka besvarade en enkät där negativ kroppsuppfattning och psykisk ohälsa mättes med hjälp av mätinstrumenten Appearance Evaluation respektive Global Health Questionnaire 12 . Resultaten visade att 23 % av deltagarna hade en negativ kroppsuppfattning, och att det fanns ett signifikant samband med medium effektstorlek mellan negativ kroppsuppfattning och psykisk ohälsa. Slutsatsen blev att negativ kroppsuppfattning förekom hos unga män på gymnasieskolor i södra Sverige, samt att det fanns ett samband mellan negativ kroppsuppfattning och psykisk ohälsa hos de unga männen. Emellertid bidrog metodologiska svårigheter till att resultaten inte är generaliserbara. / The purpose of this study was to quantitatively investigate the prevalence of negative body image and the correlation between negative body image and psychological distress in young men. The research questions were how common negative body image was in young men in high schools in southern Sweden, and if negative body image correlated with psychological distress within the target group. The sample consisted of 116 participants ( M = 17 years), who answered a survey where negative body image and psychological distress was measured by Appearance Evaluation and General Health Questionnaire 12. Results showed that 23 % of the participants had a negative body image, and that there was a significant correlation with medium effect size between negative body image and psychological distress. The conclusion was that negative body image existed in young men in high schools in southern Sweden, and that there was a correlation between negative body image and psychological distress among these young men. However, the methodological difficulties contributed to the results not being generalizable.

Enligt tidigare forskning kan migration skapa en sexuell utsatthet till följd av att normer och sammanhang ändras. Syftet med denna studie är därför att identifiera och problematisera de värdenormer som konstrueras i nyanlända unga mäns tal om maskuliniteter i relation till sex- och samlevnad. Det teoretiska ramverket utgår från hegemonisk teori om maskuliniteter och hur subjektet positionerar sig i relation till andra. Sex semi-strukturerade intervjuer genomfördes av nyanlända unga män i åldern 18 år. Materialet analyserades med hjälp av diskursanalys. Baserat på de nyanlända unga männens berättelser identifieras två skilda diskurser: en patriarkal diskurs och en jämställdhets diskurs. / According to previous research, when it comes to sexuality, migration can create a risk for refugees as a result of changing norms and contexts. Therefore the purpose of the study is to identify and problematize the construction of those values and norms made visible in the way newly arrived young men talk about masculinities, in relation to sex and cohabitation. The theoretical framework is based on a hegemonic theory of masculinities and an understanding about how one as a subject position itself in relation to others. Six interviews using a semi-structured design were made with newly arrived young men at the age of 18. The interviews were analyzed using discourse as analytical method. The result identifies two different discourses. A patriarchal discourse and one equality discourse.

The purpose of this study was to examine African-American male awareness of and application to honors programs at two selected state colleges in the southeastern region of the United States. The researcher also attempted to fill a current void in the literature and to present an emergent theory for attracting African-American males to honors programs in State College settings. A disproportionate amount of research focuses on remediation and underachievement among African-American males. The lack of information on the experiences of high ability African-American males leaves many unanswered questions about how to best recruit and serve the needs of this population of students. This study focused on high achievers rather than languish over the problem of underachievers. It examined the level of awareness of gifted African-American male students regarding honors programs at the collegiate level. It also analyzed how institutional atmosphere/reputation, facilities , personal influences, and incentives affect the decision of African-American males to apply to honors. The format for this study was a mixed method design. It included quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. To satisfy the quantitative nature of this study, IBM SPSS 21.0 was used for the purpose of data analysis via binomial tests. Furthermore, the researcher conducted four semi-structured focus groups. Qualitative data analysis procedures were used to understand and interpret the undergirding knowledge that may have played a role in the decisions made by African-American males in terms of whether or not to apply to honors programs. The study findings revealed that African-American male participants valued the atmosphere and reputation of an honors program more than facilities, personal influences, and incentives. However, awareness of this and others factors among African-American male honors applicants and honors non-applicants was often based on the personal influences in their lives. The results of this study and its emergent theory suggest that, rather than simply showcase gifted abilities, state colleges strategically place honors in a leadership role to increase the presence of persons of influence that motivate high achieving African-American males to enroll in its honors programs. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

<p>The overall aims of this research were to develop methods of identifying adolescents with unhealthy and/or risk-taking behavior with special reference to sexuality, and to evaluate support measures for young people in need of such interventions. A further aim was to assess strategies for preventing unhealthy and/or risk-taking behavior. Data were obtained by questionnaires (studies I, III, IV and V) and interviews (study II).</p><p>The results showed that young men involved in unintended pregnancies would benefit from active participation in the decision making regarding continuation or termination of the pregnancy, and from support at Outpatient Clinics for Adolescents in Sweden, including information together with the partner (I).</p><p>It was also concluded that consideration should be paid to questions and problems, e.g. feelings, apprehensions, moral issues and psychosocial factors, that require individual support from personnel with knowledge and resources to help young men in this difficult situation (II).</p><p>Among the most important findings regarding young men who had been involved in an unplanned pregnancy were that in this group a high percentage had previously considered suicide and that anabolic steroids were frequently used, compared with young men without experience of pregnancy (III).</p><p>The finding that unprotected intercourse occurred in a fairly high frequency among 13- to 18-year-olds, despite massive education and easy access to contraceptives, gives reason for further considerations regarding appropriate ways of providing information to young people (IV).</p><p>Girls and boys in vocational programs in Swedish high schools exhibit more risk-taking behaviors than those in theoretical programs and these two groups differ in clustering and accumulation of these behaviors. This means that preventive interventional strategies need to be elaborated with regard to these differences, with the aim of improving health maintenance among adolescents (V).</p><p>Child-and-youth centers with a developmental and research capacity need to be established with the broad purpose of drawing up health prevention programs for children and young people.</p>

The overall aims of this research were to develop methods of identifying adolescents with unhealthy and/or risk-taking behavior with special reference to sexuality, and to evaluate support measures for young people in need of such interventions. A further aim was to assess strategies for preventing unhealthy and/or risk-taking behavior. Data were obtained by questionnaires (studies I, III, IV and V) and interviews (study II). The results showed that young men involved in unintended pregnancies would benefit from active participation in the decision making regarding continuation or termination of the pregnancy, and from support at Outpatient Clinics for Adolescents in Sweden, including information together with the partner (I). It was also concluded that consideration should be paid to questions and problems, e.g. feelings, apprehensions, moral issues and psychosocial factors, that require individual support from personnel with knowledge and resources to help young men in this difficult situation (II). Among the most important findings regarding young men who had been involved in an unplanned pregnancy were that in this group a high percentage had previously considered suicide and that anabolic steroids were frequently used, compared with young men without experience of pregnancy (III). The finding that unprotected intercourse occurred in a fairly high frequency among 13- to 18-year-olds, despite massive education and easy access to contraceptives, gives reason for further considerations regarding appropriate ways of providing information to young people (IV). Girls and boys in vocational programs in Swedish high schools exhibit more risk-taking behaviors than those in theoretical programs and these two groups differ in clustering and accumulation of these behaviors. This means that preventive interventional strategies need to be elaborated with regard to these differences, with the aim of improving health maintenance among adolescents (V). Child-and-youth centers with a developmental and research capacity need to be established with the broad purpose of drawing up health prevention programs for children and young people.

Modernitet och intermedialitet is the first major study of the Swedish modernist writer Erik Asklund (1908-1980) and his works. The thesis consists of an introductory chapter and three close readings of Asklund’s early novels Kvinnan är stor (The Woman is Great, 1931), Lilla land (A Small Country, 1933), and Fanfar med fem trumpeter (A Fanfare with Five Trumpets, 1934). In these novels, Asklund depicts modernity in Sweden in the 1930’s. Exploring the modernity of the 1930’s in Asklund’s novels, especially the contemporary media situation turns out to be one of the most important aspects. Asklund wrote stories about film, music and various forms of visual culture, (photography, for instance). These different forms of art and media play an important role for Asklund’s writings, not only thematically, but also narationally. In my analyses, I put forward different theoretical aspects of intermediality. In this context, the ideas of Werner Wolf have been especially useful to my examinations of the intermedial aspects in Asklund’s works. In the novel Kvinnan är stor, Asklund tells the story about the young woman Lydia, who moves from the countryside to the big city of Stockholm. She then learns to decode the modern urban society, and becomes a modern woman. In Kvinnan är stor, intermediality is expressed mainly through various connections to film and photography. The modernization of Sweden in the early 20th century was much a question of the countryside becoming modern. In Lilla land, Asklund depicts this process. The novel is one of the first works ever focusing the forming of the Swedish welfare state project. The story is told in a cinematic or filmical way. The third novel to be analysed in the thesis is Fanfar med fem trumpeter. This is one of the first Swedish jazz novels. Asklund tells the story about five young unemployed men in Stockholm who form a jazz orchestra, and make a career. The novels characters experience everyday life as “medialized”; they compare reality with music, film, and photography. These novels, as well as all Asklund’s writings from the 1930’s, are important contributions to the “story about Sweden becoming a modern country”. This “story” consists of the novels, short stories and poems written in the early decades of the 20th century in Sweden.

This dissertation explores how social class matters in young men’s everyday relationship to digital media. The aim is to contribute to the existing knowledge about how young people incorporate digital media in their everyday lives by focusing on the structural premises of this process. It also presents an empirically grounded critique of popular ideas about young people as a “digital generation”, about the internet as a socially transformative force, and about class as an increasingly redundant category. The empirical material consists of qualitative interviews with 34 young men (16-19 years) from different class backgrounds, upper secondary schools and study programmes. Drawing on the conceptual tools of Pierre Bourdieu, three classes are constructed: the “cultural capital rich”, the “upwardly mobile”, and the “cultural capital poor”. The analysis shows that class, through the workings of habitus, structures the young men’s relationship to school and future aspirations. This also engenders class-distinctive ways of conceiving leisure and digital media use. Through their class habitus and taste, the young men tend to orient themselves and navigate in different ways in what they perceive as a space of digital goods and practices, endowed with different symbolic value in school and society. The “cultural capital rich” are drawn to-wards practices capable of yielding symbolic profit in the field of education and beyond, whereas the other classes gravitate towards the “illegitimate” digital culture but deal with this different ways. These findings indicate that there are social and cultural continuities at play within recent technological changes. They also expose the structural differences hidden by sweeping statements about young people as a “digital generation”. Finally, they show that class, contrary to popular beliefs about “the death of class”, still represents a pertinent analytical category.

No description available.

This study focuses on examining whether there is a link between crime/street violence and socioeconomically disadvantaged/neglected areas. The study was executed on the basis of professionals' perspective on the issue. The study analyzes young men but the result is based on empirical data from interviews with the professionals who are or have been in touch with young men whose lifestyle is characterized by criminality. The interviewees are professionals in different fields such as social services, leisure activities, politics, defector activities etcetera. Therefore, the study is similar to a casestudy. Our study is conducted with the help of semi-structured interviews since we have chosen a qualitative research method with an abductive approach. The results show that the connection between the issues surrounding street violence and the socioeconomically neglected areas is strong. The stigma around the area and the lack of meaningful leisure leads to risk factors for the young men, in terms of education with fewer resources, overcrowding in their homes, poverty and exclusion in society. These factors in turn lead individually or collectively to the young men being attracted to a lifestyle that is characterized by crime, violence, drug trafficking and so on. Labeling theory was a highly current theory which most of the interviewees pointed out. Bothstigma and labeling of people who live in the neglected areas can cause street violence. This in turn causes fragile social ties in society. Developmental psychopathology is another theory that helped us answer the results in this study. The collected data shows how development differs from one individual to the other, how one person who in general lives under the same circumstances manages to stay away from criminality while another individual doesn't. The conclusion that was drawn from this study, among others, is that a root cause of street violenceis the neglecting of these areas. There is a necessity for more resources and dedicated workers in school, workers in extracurricular functions and other adults that work in close connection to the young men. / Denna studie fokuserar på att undersöka om det finns en koppling mellan kriminalitet och socioekonomiskt eftersatta/utsatta områden. Detta undersöks med avstamp i de yrkesverksammas perspektiv på problematiken. Studien undersöker unga män men resultatet baseras på empirin från intervjuer med yrkesverksamma som är eller har varit i kontakt med unga män vars livsstil präglas av kriminalitet. Intervjupersonerna är yrkesverksamma inom olika fält såsom Socialtjänsten, fritidsverksamheter, politik, avhopparverksamhet med mera. I och med detta liknas undersökningen en fallstudie. Studien genomförs med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer då vi valt en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med en abduktiv ansats. Resultatet visar att kopplingen mellan problematiken kring gatuvåldet och de socioekonomiskt eftersatta områdena är stark. Stigman kring områdena och avsaknaden av en meningsfull fritid orsakar riskfaktorer för unga män i form av bland annat bristfällig skolgång med få resurser, trångboddhet, fattigdom och utanförskap. Dessa faktorer leder i sin tur individuellt eller kollektivt till att unga mändras till en livsstil som präglas av bland annat kriminalitet, våld och droghandel med bristande tillit för de vuxna och ansvariga. Stämplingsteorin kom att bli en högst aktuell teori som merparten av intervjupersonerna beskrev. Både stigmatisering och stämpling av de människor som är bosatta i de eftersatta områdena kan komma att bli en direkt följd av gatuvåld i förhållande till den socioekonomiska eftersattheten. Detta i sin tur orsakar sköra sociala band i samhället. Utvecklingspsykopatologi var en annan teori som hjälpte oss besvara resultatet i studien. Empirin visade på hur utvecklingen skiljer sig från individ till individ när vissa av unga männen som levt under i princip samma förutsättningar lyckas undvika att hamna i en kriminell livsstil, medan andra inte lyckas undvika det. Studiens slutsatser påvisar bland annat att en grundorsak till gatuvåldet är den socioekonomiska eftersattheten. Det finns ett behov av starkare resurser och engagerad personal i skola, fritidsgårdar och andra platser där unga män vistas då dessa faktorer är avgörande för deras uppväxt och framtid.

The relevance of the research is based on the need to study the factors affecting the professional self-determination of adolescents and young men, including their communicative skills and the characteristics of peer groups, to which young people belong and are affected by. The aim of the research was to study the interrelationship between the indicators of professional self-determination and the communication skill levels in adolescents and young men. Hypothesis of the research: 1. In adolescent boys, unlike teenage girls, the choice of profession is more uncertain. 2. Schoolchildren and students have significant links between the indicators of professional self-determination and their communication skill levels. 3. There is a link between the indicators of professional self-determination and belonging to the group. In the empirical study, the following methods were used: "The Personal Professional Path" questionnaire edited by N. Pryazhnikov, the "Differential-diagnostic Questionnaire" by E. Klimova, the method "Communication and Organizational Propensity" (COS-2) by V. Sinyavsky and B. Fedorishin, the "Sociometry" Method by J. Moreno. The sample of 159 people consisted of students of the 7th and 10th grades, students of the Ural Federal University. The external and internal motives of choosing a profession by adolescents and young men were examined and empirically studied, secondly, the relationship between the choice of profession and professional inclinations, and thirdly, the interrelation of communicative and professional inclinations. The first hypothesis was confirmed by the positive correlation between communicative inclinations and professional intentions in the category "man-man" in respondents. The second hypothesis was partially confirmed: in two classes and in one student group, the differences between the mini-groups were determined by the criterion of professional inclinations, i.e. professional inclinations can be a factor uniting the students in mini-groups, but the final professional choice within the groups is different, therefore, determined by other factors. / Актуальность исследования связана с необходимостью изучения факторов, влияющих на профессиональное самоопределение подростков и юношей, к числу которых относятся их коммуникативное качества, а также особенности групп сверстников, к которым принадлежат молодые люди и испытывают на себе их влияние. Цель исследования заключалась в изучении взаимосвязи показателей профессионального самоопределения и сформированности коммуникативных качеств личности в подростковом и юношеском возрасте. Гипотезы исследования: 1. У подростков-юношей, в отличие от подростков-девушек, выбор профессии отличается большей неопределенностью. 2. У школьников и студентов имеются значимые связи между показателями профессионального самоопределения и сформированностью коммуникативных качеств. 3. Существует связь между показателями профессионального самоопределения и принадлежностью к группе. В эмпирическом исследовании использовались следующие методики: анкета «Личный профессиональный путь» под редакцией Н. С. Пряжникова, «Дифференциально-диагностический опросник» Е. А. Климова, методика «Коммуникативные и организационные склонности» (КОС – 2) В. В. Синявский, Б. А. Федоришина, методика «Социометрия» Дж. Морено. Выборка в количестве 159 человек состояла из учащихся 7-х и 10-х классов, студентов Уральского федерального университета. Были рассмотрены и эмпирически исследованы внешние и внутренние мотивы выбора профессии у подростков и юношей, во-вторых, взаимосвязь выбора профессии и профессиональных склонностей, в-третьих, взаимосвязь коммуникативных и профессиональных склонностей. Первая гипотеза подтверждена наличием у респондентов положительной корреляции между коммуникативными склонностями и профессиональными намерениями в категории «человек – человек». Вторая гипотеза подтвердилась частично: в двух классах и одной студенческой группе выявлены различия между мини-группами по критерию профессиональных склонностей, т.е. профессиональные склонности могут быть фактором, объединяющим в мини-группы учащихся, но окончательный профессиональный выбор внутри групп различен, следовательно, определяется и другими факторами.