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Fair Differences : Impact of Social Comparisons on Sales Organization Performance / La juste différence : impact des comparaisons sociales sur la performance des organisations commercialesRouziou, Maria 05 July 2016 (has links)
Dans cette thèse, j’étudie l’impact des inégalités salariales horizontales sur la performance des commerciaux. J’explore plus particulièrement les coûts relatifs aux comparaisons dont sont l’objet ceux qui sont considérés comme des références dans la force de vente. Grâce à des données relatives à la rémunération et à la performance de plus de 34000 commerciaux, et aux marques qu’ils vendent, je montre que le pouvoir des marques peut se substituer à la rémunération et contrecarrer l’effet négatif des inégalités salariales sur la performance. Par ailleurs, mes résultats suggèrent que la qualité du travail commercial peut également remplacer la rémunération et ainsi influencer la relation entre inégalités salariales et performance. De plus, je décris l’effet de la structure du capital des entreprises sur la gestion de la performance des forces de vente. Je conclus cette étude en montrant comment les responsables devraient tirer partie de leurs marques et de leurs activités commerciales, puisque la manière dont de nombreuses organisations commerciales rémunèrent leurs talents commerciaux se traduit par une augmentation de la dispersion des salaires. / This dissertation examines how horizontal pay inequalities in sales organizations impact salespeople’s performance. More specifically, I explore costs that arise through social comparisons with salient targets within sales organizations. I use compensation and performance data of more than 34,000 salespeople as well as data pertaining to the brands they sell, to show that brand power can substitute for pay and counteract the detrimental effect of pay inequality on performance. Moreover, my results suggest that job challenge can also act as a surrogate for pay, thereby affecting the relationship between pay gaps and performance. Further, I describe the effect of organizational ownership structure on salespeople’s performance management. Given that many sales organizations reward better performers by heightening pay dispersion, decision makers should carefully leverage their brand portfolio and sales team job assignments to soften the impact of pay gaps on salespeople’s performance.
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The study of plasma glucose level and insulin secretion capacity after glucose load in Japanese / 日本人における糖負荷後の血糖値とインスリン分泌能に関する研究Kondo, Yaeko 23 May 2016 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第19892号 / 医博第4141号 / 新制||医||1016(附属図書館) / 32969 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 川村 孝, 教授 横出 正之, 教授 妹尾 浩 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
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The Effects of Simultaneous Thermal and Nutrient Challenge on Broiler Muscle Growth, Meat Quality, and Underlying Cellular MechanismsBraden, Jennifer Marie January 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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Chinese International Undergraduates’ Learning and Living Challenges and Coping Strategies in American UniversityZhang, Jinghua 26 July 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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Internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem : En kvalitativ studie om hur ett internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem kan bidra till ekologisk och ekonomisk hållbarhet, samt implementeringens utmaningar därtillPersson, Amanda, Ivarsson, Aldina, Jisland, Erika January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund och problemdiskussion: Till följd av ökade handelsvolymer har användandet av pallar kommit att öka. Hantering av pallar har därför blivit en viktig del i verksamheter, där digitala pallhanteringssystem lyfts som ett hjälpmedel för effektivitet. Digitaliserade pallhanteringssystem kan även ses som ett hjälpmedel för att främja ekonomisk och ekologisk hållbarhet vad gäller företags pallhantering. Trots många fördelar finns även ett antal utmaningar förknippade med implementering av digitala pallhanteringssystem. Syftet: Studiens syfte är att identifiera hur interna digitaliserade pallhanteringssystem kan bidra till ekonomisk eller ekologisk hållbarhet. Studien syftar även till att se vilka utmaningar som kan ligga till grund hos företag vid implementering med ett internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem. Metod: Studien är kvalitativ och utgår från ett deduktivt synsätt. Den teoretiska referensramen har hämtats genom en litteraturgenomgång. En komparativ design ligger till grund för studiens design, där empiridelen består av fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem olika företag. Analysen utgår från en tematisk analys där teorin och empirin ställs emot varandra för att hitta centrala teman. Resultat: Utifrån studien dras slutsatsen att ett internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem inte bidrar till ekologisk hållbarhet i större utsträckning än vad manuell pallhantering gör. Gällande ekonomisk hållbarhet kan ett internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem leda till kostnadsbesparingar genom ökad informationstillgänglighet samt att företag kan utnyttja de fördelar som finns med att äga sina egna pallar Studien kan även identifiera utmaningar med implementering av ett internt digitaliserat pallhanteringssystem i form av krav på kundanpassning, misstro om ökade kostnader, samt lågt intresse i pallbranschen och bland beslutsfattare. / Background and problem discussion: As a result of increased trading volumes, the use of pallets has increased. Pallet management has therefore become an important part of operations, where digital pallet management systems are highlighted as a tool for efficiency. Digital pallet management systems can also be seen as a tool to promote economic and ecological sustainability in terms of companies' pallet management. Despite many advantages, there are also a number of challenges associated with the implementation of a digital pallet management system. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify how internal digital pallet management systems can contribute to ecological or economic sustainability. The study also aims to see what challenges that can be identified when implementing an internal digital pallet management system. Method: The study is qualitative and it is based on a deductive approach. The theoretical frame of source has been collected through a literature review. A comparative design has been used for the study's design, where the empirical section consists of five semi-structured interviews with five different companies. The analysis is based on a thematic analysis where the theoretical and empirical sections are analyzed to find central themes. Results: The results of the study are that it is concluded that an internal digital pallet management system does not contribute to ecological sustainability to a greater extent than what a manual pallet management does. In terms of economic sustainability, the results are that a digital pallet management system can lead to cost savings due to increased information availability and that companies can use the benefits of owning their pallets. Also, challenges are identified with the implementation of a digital pallet management system in terms of requirements for customized systems, mistrust of increased costs, and also low interest in the pallet industry and among decision makers.
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Particulate Matter MattersMeyer, Holger J., Gruner, Hannes, Waizenegger, Tim, Woltmann, Lucas, Hartmann, Claudio, Lehner, Wolfgang, Esmailoghli, Mahdi, Redyuk, Sergey, Martinez, Ricardo, Abedjan, Ziawasch, Ziehn, Ariane, Rabl, Tilmann, Markl, Volker, Schmitz, Christian, Serai, Dhiren Devinder, Gava, Tatiane Escobar 15 June 2023 (has links)
For the second time, the Data Science Challenge took place as part of the 18th symposium “Database Systems for Business, Technology and Web” (BTW) of the Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI). The Challenge was organized by the University of Rostock and sponsored by IBM and SAP. This year, the integration, analysis and visualization around the topic of particulate matter pollution was the focus of the challenge. After a preselection round, the accepted participants had one month to adapt their developed approach to a substantiated problem, the real challenge. The final presentation took place at BTW 2019 in front of the prize jury and the attending audience. In this article, we give a brief overview of the schedule and the organization of the Data Science Challenge. In addition, the problem to be solved and its solution will be presented by the participants.
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Insektsorsakad anafylaxiKarlgren, Klara, Nilsson Rosenbäck, Sofia January 2007 (has links)
Anafylaxi som orsakats av insektsstick är ett akut tillstånd som i vissa fall kan ha en dödlig utgång om inte rätt behandling ges i tid. Störst risk att drabbas är under sommartid samt hösten. Syftet med följande studie var att visa vilken påverkan den anafylaktiska reaktionen har i patientens dagliga liv samt vilken betydelse immunterapin har för insektsallergiska personer. Litteraturstudien bygger på åtta kvantitativa och två kvalitativa studier och granskningsmetoden som använts är Goodman. Resultatet visade att det dagliga livet hos allergiska personer för¬ändras efter allvarliga eller upprepade allergiska reaktioner samt att immunterapi var en effektiv preventions¬åtgärd mot att drabbas flera gånger av liknande reaktioner efter insektsstick. / Anaphylaxis caused by insect stings is a state of emergency that in some cases has a fatal exit when the right treatment can’t be given in time. The highest risk of getting stung is in the summertime and fall. The aim of the following study was to examine the anaphylactic reactions influence on the patients daily life and to see wich meaning immunotherapy has for patients that are allergic to insects. The present study was based upon eight quantitative and two qualitative articles and the method that were used was based upon Goodman. The result showed that daily life among patients who have experienced a anafylxic reaction is affected and that immunotherapy is an effective prevention treatment in order to avoid a severe anafylxic reaction after a stung from an insect.
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Blockchain for supply chain transparency and traceability - A contingency framework to implementation challenges.Cording, Robin, Lückander, Johan January 2023 (has links)
Purpose - Blockchain technology holds immense potential in increasing transparency in supply chains. However, little is known about the implementation challenges and ways to address them. The purpose of this report is to get a deeper understanding of the challenges that might occur when implementing blockchain technology in a supply chain and the suitable actions for each one of them from the mining industry's perspective. Method - This study was conducted by using an abductive research approach with a qualitative data collection through interviews. The respondents were divided into three categories: exploratory, pilot and main interview, the pilot and main interviews were divided into two types, potential actors in the supply chain ecosystem and experts on the topic. In total 17 interviews were conducted which was then analyzed through a thematic analysis. Findings - The findings of the collected theory in combination with the information gathered through the interviews resulted in a framework based on the TOE-model. The framework explicates four key challenges in implementing BC, (1) Technological, (2) Organizational, (3) Ecosystem and (4) Environmental. The challenges within these categories are then categorized based on the level a company can control/ have an impact on these challenges, the categories are hard control, soft control, and no control. Finally, these challenges are connected to different mitigators which aim to solve these challenges. Theoretical and Practical implications - The presented study contributes to current literature by extending previous research of challenges and applying the T-O-E model to the challenges occurring in the mining industry. Moreover, this study breaches a gap by connecting challenges to mitigators and recommended actions. Furthermore, the study contributes to practical implication by enabling practitioners to get a bird’s eye view of the challenges and the recommended action during the blockchain implementation process. Limitations and future research - This study is limited by its qualitative method since it cannot determine the significance and magnitude of each challenge, calling for future research to quantitatively study this area.
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Utbildning genom utmaningsbaserat lärande för hållbar utveckling / Education through challenge based learning for sustainable developmentAddamshill, Sandy, Angelovski, Alexandar January 2022 (has links)
Under vfu perioden ht-2021 började vi fundera över vilka metoder lärarna använde sig av i undervisningen för naturvetenskap och teknik. De funderingar vi hade förstärktes efter en gemensam studieresa till Norge där vi fick uppleva nya lärmetoder, bland annat utmaningsbaserat lärande och problembaserat lärande. Vår frågeställning var om lärare använder sig av de här metoderna i grundskolan och om det då i realiteten ökar elevers motivation och intresse. Efter sökningen av relevanta vetenskapliga artiklar på flera olika databaser och webbplatser för ämnet fann vi mestadels forskningsrapporter riktade mot högre utbildning. Artiklarna som riktades mot grundskolan var i de flesta fall inte vetenskapligt granskade men bidrog ändå starkt till vår kunskapsöversikt. Utmaningsbaserat lärande utvecklades av teknikföretaget Apple Inc dels för att ta undervisning in i 2000-talet och självklart utöka användningen av digital teknik i skolorna. Flera av rapporterna visar att utmaningsbaserat lärande ger elever goda möjligheter för ett livslångt lärande och skapar goda ambassadörer för hållbar utveckling. Utmaningsbaserat lärande erbjuder onekligen ett nytt, varierat och engagerande sätt att arbeta tvärvetenskapligt med undervisning i bland annat hållbar utveckling. Dels genom att man får uppleva undervisningen med alla sina sinnen, det vill säga att se, höra och känna. Det blir även engagerande eftersom hållbar utveckling berör oss alla och vår framtid. Utmaningarna eleverna får är samhällsviktiga med ett globalt perspektiv. Det är en aktiv och integrerande lärprocess som innebär ett visst pedagogiskt förhållningssätt.
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Efficient heuristics for large-scale vehicle routing problemsGraf, Benjamin 02 September 2021 (has links)
In this thesis we consider three challenging vehicle routing problems representing specific aspects of complex real-world problems: (i) the vehicle routing problem with unit demands, (ii) the preemptive stacker crane problem and (iii) a multi-period vehicle and technician routing problem. For the vehicle routing problem with units demands we continue research on the exponential multi-insertion neighborhood, investigate its properties and propose heuristic solution methods utilizing the neighborhood. For the preemptive stacker crane problem we study structural properties and provide bounds on the benefits of preemption and the benefits of so-called explicit drop nodes that are used exclusively to facilitate preemption. We propose construction heuristics that improve on the state-of-the-art in computational time and solution quality. The multi-period vehicle and technician routing problem is the subject of the VeRoLog Solver Challenge 2019. We develop a solution method that adapts to the limited computational budget and the given instance parameters. In summary, this thesis contributes to the structural analysis of the considered problems and proposes efficient heuristic solution methods that are effective even on large-scale instances and under tight restrictions of the computational budget. The methods combine global and local search approaches and take the available computational budget into account to realize an adaptive best-effort allocation of the resources.
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