De acordo com os dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE, 2010), o Brasil anuncia que o país caminha rumo a um perfil demográfico cada vez mais envelhecido, partir de 2039, será registrado o chamado crescimento zero; em 2050, o quadro muda: para cada 100 crianças de 0 a 14 anos, existirão 172,7 idosos. Inúmeros são os desafios enfrentados pelas pessoas idosas, principalmente para as mulheres que hoje representam 56% da população idosa. Um desses desafios é a transformação do corpo, e ao lado da falta de produtos do vestuário com medidas adequadas, que, além de vestir o corpo, apresente um caimento perfeito que atenda à necessidade física de uso. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo propor os procedimentos, empregando dados antropométricos obtidos com o equipamento Body Scanner para elaborar tabelas de medidas, visando estabelecer padrões para serem aplicados na confecção de modelagem destinada a mulheres idosas. As medidas utilizadas neste trabalho fazem parte do Estudo Antropométrico no Brasil e foram cedidas pelo Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial/Centro de Tecnologia da Indústria Química Têxtil (SENAI/CETIQT). Através dos estudos, foi possível classificar os corpos em vários tipos: retângulo com cintura grossa e fina, triângulo com cintura fina e grossa e triângulo invertido com cintura grossa e propor tabelas de medidas. Os resultados obtidos indicaram a viabilidade de aplicação da metodologia proposta para elaboração das tabelas de medidas / According to data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE, 2010), Brazil announced that the country moves towards an increasingly aging demographic profile since 2039, will be recorded the named \"zero growth\"; in 2050, the picture changes: for every 100 children 0-14 years there will be 172.7 older. Many are the challenges faced by older people, especially for women who now represent 56% of the elderly population. One such challenge is the transformation of the body, and with a shortage of garment products with appropriate measures, that in addition to dressing the body presents a perfect fit that meets the physical need to use. This research aims to propose procedure, using anthropometric data obtained with the equipment Body Scanner to prepare tables of measures, to establish standards to be applied in making modeling aimed at older women. The measures used in this work are part of Anthropometric Study in Brazil and were provided by the National Industrial Training Service / Center for Chemical Technology of Textile Industry (SENAI/CETIQT). Through the studies, it was possible to classify bodies in various types: rectangle with thick and thin waist, thin triangle with thick waist and inverted triangle with thick waistand propose measures tables. The results indicated the feasibility of applying the proposed methodology for the preparation of measurements tables

Ensaio clínico aleatorizado conduzido para avaliar o impacto de intervenção intensiva para mudança de estilo de vida em indivíduos com sobrepeso em um Centro de Saúde-Escola em São José do Rio Preto, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Dos 259 voluntários (203 mulheres e 56 homens; idade entre 25 e 72 anos) que concordaram em participar do estudo, 104 foram elegíveis (83 mulheres e 21 homens), sendo distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo intervenção (10 homens e 41 mulheres), com acompanhamento nutricional individualizado, e grupo controle (11 homens e 42 mulheres), que receberam somente orientações gerais e folheto explicativo sobre estilo de vida saudável. A avaliação da composição corporal, indicadores bioquímicos, consumo alimentar e estilo de vida - incluindo-se a prática de atividades físicas, foi realizada no princípio, após 6 meses e 1 ano de estudo. A intervenção nutricional consistiu de incentivo ao consumo de frutas, vegetais, óleo de oliva e produtos lácteos pobres em gordura, associados com a redução do consumo de gorduras saturadas e doces, bem como o estímulo à prática de atividades físicas por pelo menos 30 minutos ao dia. O programa de intervenção mostrou-se efetivo na redução do consumo de calorias, gorduras totais, gorduras saturadas, colesterol, freqüência de carnes, óleos/gorduras e doces. Além disso, observamos um incremento no consumo de fibra total da dieta, fibras de frutas e vegetais, ß-caroteno, vitamina A, cálcio, freqüência de consumo de frutas em geral, vegetais em geral, vegetais verde escuros e leite/derivados. O programa mostrou-se viável em unidades básicas de saúde e efetivo na redução de peso, índice de massa corporal, pressão arterial, colesterol total, LDL colesterol, ácido úrico, homocisteína, aumento da prática de atividades físicas, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida no grupo intervenção. / Randomized Nutritional Intervention trial was carried out to evaluate the impact of intensive intervention in changing life style of overweight adults attending at a primary health care in São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil. Of the 259 volunteers (203 women and 56 men; 25 to 72 years old) that agreed in participating in the study, 104 were eligible (83 women and 21 men), and were randomly allocated in two groups: Nutrition Counseling group (42 women, 11 men) with individualized dietary counseling, and Control Group (41 women, 10 men) who recieved only general information and leaflets about healthy life style. The assessment of body composition, biochemical indicators, food consumption and life style – including practice of physical activity were carried out at baseline, 6 months and 1 year. The dietary interventions included increased intake of fruits, vegetables, olive oil and skimmed dairy products, together with reduced intake of saturated fat and sweets, as well as instructions for regular practice of physical activity for at least 30 minutes per day. The intervention program demonstrated to be effective in reducing consumption of calories, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and frequency of meets, fats/oils and sweet groups. Moreover, we observed an increment in the consumption of dietary fiber, fiber of fruits and vegetables, ß-carotene, vitamin A, calcium, and in the frequency of fruits, vegetables, dark green vegetables and dairy products. The program demonstrated to be feasible at a primary health care unit and was effective in reducing weight, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, uric acid, homocysteine, and improved the physical activity level and quality of life in the intervention group.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:53:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROBERTO MENDES RAMALHO.pdf: 8922799 bytes, checksum: 527c28b11b6605a54382f1d802a94a54 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-21 / Soccer is a sport characterized by the alternation of short duration and intense motor actions, indicating the importance of physical preparation for the game's performance. The physical training is associated with the control of the variation of fat percentage, which can affect the athlete's performance. Several studies demonstrate the incompatibility between the competitive excellence and high levels of subcutaneous fat. Another important point is the practice of soccer in hot and humid environments, because is needed a systematic care with the liquids intake, which should be observed like a strategy to minimize heat-related problems. The general objective of this study were to determine the variations of the fat percentage of soccer players in a certain team during a championship. Also the specific objectives are: a) compare the fat percentage found in the different positions of the players; b) verify if there are other studies about this subject and compare the fat percentage; c) examine whether and climatic conditions such as heat and high humidity can affect the range of the results during the tournament; compared to other data collections and other published studies related of fat percentage in different conditions of heat and humidity. Four data collection were made to evaluate the fat percentage by Jackson and Pollock 7 skinfold protocol. It was analyzed Twenty-five professional soccer players from Marabá s Eagle Team (Brazil), who competed in the 2011 C Series Brazilian Soccer Championship. In the average, participant athletes were 27.53 ± 4.96 years old, 1.76 ± 0.07 of height and initial weight of 73.81 ± 8.35. Analyzing the data collection for months, there was no significant statistical difference in body mass and body fat percentage between assessments. A significant difference was detected only in body mass and body fat percentage among goalies and wide midfielders during all researched months. In September there was also a difference in body mass between defenders and wide midfielders. Thus, this study observed that the weather conditions had no significant influence in the variation in the fat percentage in this studied group of soccer athletes. / O futebol é um desporto caracterizado pela alternância de ações motoras intensas e de curta duração, evidenciando a importância da preparação física para o desempenho do jogo. Aliado à preparação física está o controle da variável percentual de gordura, variável esta que pode afetar no desempenho do atleta. Vários estudos demonstram a incompatibilidade entre a excelência competitiva e altos índices de adiposidade subcutânea. Outro ponto que deve ser observado é a prática do futebol em ambientes considerados quentes e úmidos, pois cuidados com a ingestão sistemática de líquidos devem ser observados com vistas a minimizar problemas relacionados ao calor. Os objetivos deste estudo foram verificar a variação do percentual de gordura de jogadores de futebol de uma determinada equipe durante um campeonato; comparar o percentual de gordura nas diferentes posições dos jogadores; verificar se existem outros estudos nesse âmbito e comparar o percentual de gordura; analisar se existe influência das condições climáticas de calor e umidade elevados, na variação do percentual de gordura encontrados durante o campeonato, comparado a outras coletas de dados e outros estudos existentes relacionados à percentual de gordura em jogadores de futebol em diferentes condições de calor e umidade. Foram feitas quatro coletas de dados para avaliar o percentual de gordura que foi determinado através do protocolo de Jackson e Pollock (7 dobras).Foram avaliados vinte e cinco jogadores de futebol profissional da equipe do Águia de Marabá que disputaram o campeonato brasileiro da série C de 2011. Os atletas apresentaram média de idade de 27,53 ± 4,96; média de estatura de 1,76 ± 0,07 e média de massa corporal inicial de 73,81 ± 8,35. Analisando as quatro coletas de dados por meses, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante de massa corporal e percentual de gordura entre as avaliações. Detectou-se diferença significativa apenas na massa corporal e percentual de gordura entre goleiros e laterais em todos os meses avaliados e na massa corporal entre zagueiros e laterais na coleta do mês de setembro. Dessa forma, observou-se nesse estudo que as condições climáticas a que foram submetidos, não influenciou significativamente na variação do percentual de gordura desse grupo de atletas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:54:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 POLISSANDRO MORTOZA ALVES.pdf: 2506109 bytes, checksum: a343146bfc32f671eecfe262301dfe71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-27 / The present study aimed to evaluate anthropometric variables, physical activity level (NAF) and quality of life (QV) of obese and non-obese students from a state school in Inaciolândia-GO, as well as know the socioeconomic status of participants . The survey sample consisted of 118 students aged 14-17 years, of both sexes. This research was divided into two studies, with the goal of the first to compare QV with the anthropometric profile and the second comparing the NAF with the QV and the anthropometric profile of the school. The anthropometric profile was assessed by body mass index (IMC), physical activity level based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the socioeconomic factor with the use of the Economic Classification Criteria of the Brazilian Association of Research Companies (ABEP). Already Quality of Life (QV) of students was assessed by the SF-36. The assessment of nutritional status observed that the levels of excess weight reached 29.7% of sample. Most adolescents were considered physically very active. It was found that non obese students or considered more active had better mean QV than non-obese and less active. No significant difference was found when comparing the NAF with the anthropometric profile of the school. The results of this research showed that public and private actions that encourage teens to eat better and to practice regular exercise should be intensified, as more studies on the subject in the Midwest and North. The school also has an important role in the spread of information through physical education classes. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar variáveis antropométricas, o nível de atividade física (NAF) e a qualidade de vida (QV) de adolescentes obesos e nãoobesos de uma escola estadual de Inaciolândia-GO, assim como conhecer a condição socioeconômica dos participantes. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 118 escolares com idade de 14 a 17 anos, de ambos os sexos. Esta pesquisa foi dividida em dois estudos, sendo o objetivo do primeiro comparar a QV com o perfil antropométrico e o segundo comparar o NAF com a QV e o perfil antropométrico dos escolares. O perfil antropométrico foi avaliado por meio do Índice de Massa Corpórea (IMC), o nível de atividade física mediante o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) e o fator socioeconômico com a utilização do Critério de Classificação Econômica da Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa (ABEP). Já a Qualidade de Vida (QV) dos estudantes foi avaliada por meio do questionário SF-36. A avaliação do estado nutricional observou que os níveis de excesso de peso chegaram a 29,7% da amostra. A maioria dos adolescentes foram considerados muito ativos fisicamente. Verificou-se que alunos não obesos ou considerados mais ativos tiveram melhores médias de QV que os não-obesos ou menos ativos. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa na comparação do NAF com o perfil antropométrico dos escolares. Os resultados dessa pesquisa demonstraram que ações públicas e privadas que incentivem os adolescentes a se alimentarem melhor e a praticar exercícios físicos regularmente devem ser intensificadas, assim como mais estudos sobre o tema nas regiões Centro-Oeste e Norte do país. A escola também tem importante papel na disseminação dessas informações por meio das aulas de Educação Física.

Contexte – La dépression est le trouble mental le plus répandu, mais son étiologie et les facteurs de risque qui lui sont associés demeurent encore largement inconnus, notamment en post-ménopause. Une influence des facteurs hormonaux et anthropométriques est fortement suggérée sur le risque de symptômes dépressifs (SDS) mais pourrait être différente selon que les SDS en post-ménopause ont été précédés d’un antécédent de trouble psychologique (SDS récurrents) ou non (SDS isolés). Objectif – Les données de la cohorte française E3N ont été utilisées pour évaluer les associations entre les facteurs reproductifs endogènes, l’utilisation de traitements hormonaux de la ménopause (THM), les mesures anthropométriques, la corpulence au cours de la vie, et le risque de SDS chez les femmes post-ménopausées. Résultats – Nos résultats suggèrent que la parité est associée à une diminution de risque, tandis que l’irrégularité des cycles en pré-ménopause et les antécédents de symptômes de la ménopause sont associés à un augmentation de risque de SDS en post-ménopause. Une ménopause plus tardive pourrait avoir un effet bénéfique sur le risque de SDS isolés ou précédés d’un premier trouble en post-ménopause. Notre étude n’a cependant pas mis en évidence d’effet bénéfique à long terme des THM sur les SDS, bien que, chez les utilisatrices en cours, la durée de prise de traitement et la voie orale étaient associées à une diminution de risque de SDS isolé. Un poids ou un indice de masse corporelle élevé n’étaient associés qu’aux SDS récurrents. En revanche, les femmes de plus faible poids ou ayant un faible indice de masse corporelle, mais aussi celles ayant un rapport tour de taille/tour de hanches élevé, avaient un risque augmenté de SDS. Enfin, nos résultats suggèrent que des facteurs anthropométriques précoces, tels qu’un poids de naissance élevé ou une forte corpulence dans l’enfance, peuvent également être associés au risque de SDS isolés en post-ménopause. Les femmes ayant un faible poids de naissance ou dont la corpulence augmentait fortement à la puberté pourraient d’autre part être à risque de SDS récurrents.Conclusion – Notre étude suggère que les associations entre les facteurs hormonaux et anthropométriques et les SDS en post-ménopause dépendent de l’histoire psychologique des femmes et proposent ainsi de nouvelles hypothèses. Ces résultats demandent cependant à être reproduits dans des études prospectives qui permettraient d’apporter de nouveaux arguments en faveur de la causalité. / Background – Depression is the most common mental disorder, but its etiology and associated risk factors in postmenopausal women remains largely unknown. A relationship between hormonal or anthropometric factors and severe depressive symptoms (SDS) has been suggested but could vary according to whether postmenopausal SDS are preceded by a psychological disorder (recurrent SDS) or not (isolated SDS).Objective – We used data from the French E3N cohort to examine the associations of endogenous reproductive factors, the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), different anthropometric measures and body silhouettes throughout life with the risk of SDS in postmenopausal women.Results – Our results suggest that parity is associated with a lower risk, and that menstrual cycle irregularity and menopausal symptoms are associated with a higher risk of postmenopausal SDS. A later age at menopause could have a beneficial effect on isolated SDS or when SDS are preceded by a first psychological disorder in postmenopause. Our study was not able to show an inverse association between long-term MHT use and SDS, although longer MHT duration or oral MHT could have a beneficial effect on isolated SDS in women who were currently using MHT. A higher weight or body-mass index were only associated with recurrent SDS. However, women with a low weight or a low body-mass index, as well as those with a high waist-to-hip ratio had a higher risk of SDS. Finally, our results suggest that early anthropometric factors, such as a high birth weight or a high body-size in childhood could also be associated with a higher risk of isolated SDS. On the other hand, women with a low birth weight or whose silhouette grew strongly at puberty could be at higher risk of recurrent SDS.Conclusion – Our study suggest that associations between hormonal and anthropometric factors and postmenopausal SDS could differ according to women psychological history. New results of large prospective studies are warranted to argue for causality.

<p>General and reproductive health and reproductive outcome were described in rural women of childbearing age (15-44 years) during 1992-93 in a cross-sectional study in Zimbabwe. Through a two-stage sampling procedure twelve villages were selected at random, and 79% of the women in the villages accepted to participate (n=1213). In a structured interview women¡¯s self-reported morbidity, socio-economic conditions, use of health care and fertility regulation methods, reproductive outcome and infertility problems were assessed. The prevalence rates of anaemia, malaria and syphilis were investigated. Retrospectively, HIV serology was anonymously assessed and associations with socio-economic conditions and morbidity were analysed. </p><p>The mean age was 28 years. Family planning was currently used by 37%. Primary and secondary infertility was reported by 0.9% and 4.4%, respectively. The perinatal mortality rate for all completed pregnancies (n=3601) was 23/1000. During the latest completed pregnancy 94% had attended antenatal care and 85% had delivered in hospitals or clinics. The self-reported complications during delivery seemed to have been cared for within the health care system. </p><p>Women perceived their health as being generally good. Mean haemoglobin (Hb) was 13.5 g/dl and only 3.4% were anaemic (Hb ¡Ü11.0 g/dl). Malaria prevalence was 5.4%, but a positive malaria test was not associated with anaemia. Syphilis prevalence was 2.2%, and a positive syphilis test increased the risk of being HIV positive three-fold (OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.4-6.2). </p><p>The prevalence of HIV was high (22%). Women aged 15-19 had the lowest prevalence (7.6%), while the highest was found in married women aged 20-29 years (30%). The differences in HIV prevalence between the villages ranged between 8.4% and 33%. HIV positive women reported no more morbidity than HIV negative women. The low morbidity found at the time of the study indicates a fairly short duration of the HIV epidemic. </p>

General and reproductive health and reproductive outcome were described in rural women of childbearing age (15-44 years) during 1992-93 in a cross-sectional study in Zimbabwe. Through a two-stage sampling procedure twelve villages were selected at random, and 79% of the women in the villages accepted to participate (n=1213). In a structured interview women¡¯s self-reported morbidity, socio-economic conditions, use of health care and fertility regulation methods, reproductive outcome and infertility problems were assessed. The prevalence rates of anaemia, malaria and syphilis were investigated. Retrospectively, HIV serology was anonymously assessed and associations with socio-economic conditions and morbidity were analysed. The mean age was 28 years. Family planning was currently used by 37%. Primary and secondary infertility was reported by 0.9% and 4.4%, respectively. The perinatal mortality rate for all completed pregnancies (n=3601) was 23/1000. During the latest completed pregnancy 94% had attended antenatal care and 85% had delivered in hospitals or clinics. The self-reported complications during delivery seemed to have been cared for within the health care system. Women perceived their health as being generally good. Mean haemoglobin (Hb) was 13.5 g/dl and only 3.4% were anaemic (Hb ¡Ü11.0 g/dl). Malaria prevalence was 5.4%, but a positive malaria test was not associated with anaemia. Syphilis prevalence was 2.2%, and a positive syphilis test increased the risk of being HIV positive three-fold (OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.4-6.2). The prevalence of HIV was high (22%). Women aged 15-19 had the lowest prevalence (7.6%), while the highest was found in married women aged 20-29 years (30%). The differences in HIV prevalence between the villages ranged between 8.4% and 33%. HIV positive women reported no more morbidity than HIV negative women. The low morbidity found at the time of the study indicates a fairly short duration of the HIV epidemic.

GH and IGF-1 play an important role in the regulation of metabolism and body composition. In patients with uncontrolled acromegaly, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are increased but are supposed to be normalised after biochemical control is achieved. We aimed at comparing body composition and the cardiovascular risk profile in patients with controlled acromegaly and controls. A cross-sectional study. We evaluated anthropometric parameters (height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, waist to height ratio) and, additionally, cardiovascular risk biomarkers (fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and lipoprotein (a), in 81 acromegalic patients (58% cured) compared to 320 age- and gender-matched controls (ratio 1:4), sampled from the primary care patient cohort DETECT. The whole group of 81 acromegalic patients presented with significantly higher anthropometric parameters, such as weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, but with more favourable cardiovascular risk biomarkers, such as fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL levels, in comparison to their respective controls. Biochemically controlled acromegalic patients again showed significantly higher measurements of obesity, mainly visceral adiposity, than age- and gender-matched control patients (BMI 29.5 ± 5.9 vs. 27.3 ± 5.8 kg/m2; P = 0.020; waist circumference 100.9 ± 16.8 vs. 94.8 ± 15.5 cm; P = 0.031; hip circumference 110.7 ± 9.9 vs. 105.0 ± 11.7 cm; P = 0.001). No differences in the classical cardiovascular biomarkers were detected except for fasting plasma glucose and triglycerides. This effect could not be attributed to a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the acromegalic patient group, since stratified analyses between the subgroup of patients with acromegaly and controls, both with type 2 diabetes mellitus, revealed that there were no significant differences in the anthropometric measurements. Biochemically cured acromegalic patients pertain an adverse anthropometric risk profile, mainly because of elevated adiposity measurements, such as BMI, waist and hip circumference, compared to an age- and gender-matched primary care population.

Thesis (M.S.)--Kungl. Tekniska högskolan, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-126). Also available online via the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute web site (www.vti.se).

No description available.