Global ETD Search

511	Knowledge and attitudes of HIV positive women on exclusive breastfeeding in Mopani District (Greater Letaba Sub-District), South Africa Muditambi, Nathaniel Nndavhelesen 11 1900 (has links) Text in English / The study was conducted to determine the knowledge and to describe attitudes of HIV positive women on exclusive breastfeeding in Mopani District (the Greater Letaba Sub-District, Limpopo), South Africa. A quantitative, exploratory and descriptive design was adopted in this study to describe the knowledge and attitudes of HIV positive women on exclusive breastfeeding. The researcher used a self-developed structured questionnaire to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to describe data. The SPSS software version 21.0 was used to analyse data and this were displayed in tables and figures. A total of 123 participants were included in the study. The study concluded that HIV positive women have good knowledge and positive attitude on exclusive breastfeeding. / Health Studies / M.P.H. Antiretroviral therapy Attitude Exclusive breastfeeding Formula feeding HIV/AIDS HIV positive women Infant feeding Knowledge Malnutrition Mix-feeding Mother-to-child transmission 613.2690968259
512	Identification of factors affecting the survival lifetime of HIV+ terminal patients in Albert Luthuli municipality of South Africa / Identification of factors affecting the survival lifetime of HIV positive terminal patients in Albert Luthuli municipality of South Africa Bengura, Pepukai 19 December 2019 (has links) The objective of the study was to identify the factors that affect the survival lifetime of HIV+ terminal patients in rural district hospitals of Albert Luthuli municipality in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. A cohort of HIV+ terminal patients was retrospectively followed from 2010 to 2017 until a patient died, was lost to follow-up or was still alive at the end of the observation period. Nonparametric survival analysis and semiparametric survival analysis methods were used to analyse the data. Through Cox proportional hazards regression modelling, it was found that ART adherence (poor, fair, good), Age, Follow-up mass, Baseline sodium, Baseline viral load, Follow CD4 count by Treatment (Regimen 1) interaction and Follow-up lymphocyte by TB history (yes, no) interaction had significant effects on survival lifetime of HIV+ terminal patients (p-values<0.1). Furthermore, through quantile regression modelling, it was found that short, medium and long survival times of HIV+ patients, respectively represented by the 0.1, 0.5 and 0.9 quantiles, were not necessarily significantly affected by the same factors. / Statistics / M. Sc. (Statistics) Survival time Follow-up time HIV/AIDS disease Antiretroviral therapy ART adherence CD4 cell count Cox proportional hazards regression Logistic regression Quantile regression Kaplan-Meier estimator Log-rank test 362.1969792050968278
513	Developing a laboratory based CCMT programme status reporting system in the Ekurhuleni Health District Cassim, Naseem 18 July 2014 (has links) The purpose of this study was to develop a laboratory based Comprehensive Care, Management and Treatment of HIV and AIDS (CCMT) programme status reporting system using a methodological research study design. Quantitative data was collected using a request form and qualitative data was collected using structured questionnaires. For the study 1190 eligible CD4 samples were received, of which 1004 (84%) had a valid CCMT programme status. Overall 32% of the CD4 samples had a pre-ART status (n=383) and 52% had an ART status (n=621). The remaining 16% of CD4 samples (n=186) did not have a valid CCMT programme status. A pre-ART register was generated and assessed using a structured questionnaire. Based on the study findings a recommendation has been made to adopt the two-tick design for all NHLS request forms where programmatic data is collected. Additionally the CCMT programme status reporting system is recommended for rollout to other health districts / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health with specialisation in Medical Informatics) CD4 count Monitoring and evaluation Comprehensive care Laboratory register Programme status Pre-ART register Laboratory request form Laboratory management information system Antiretroviral therapy Indicator 362.196979200968224
514	Veränderungen in der Genexpression fremdstoffmetabolisierender Enzyme und Bedeutung genetischer Polymorphismen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von HIV-Virustatika Gashaw, Isabella 20 October 2003 (has links) Die Therapie der HIV Infektion besteht aus Kombination mehrerer antiretroviraler Substanzen und birgt ein erhöhtes Risiko an Arzneimittelwechselwirkungen. Das bekannte Problem der Virusresistenz kann zudem durch Enzyminduktion begünstigt werden. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit lag in Untersuchungen zu Einflüssen der Virustatika auf die Expression von Cytochrom P450 Enzymen: 1A1, 1B1, 3A4 sowie der P-Glykoproteins (MDR1) an immortalisierten Zellsystemen. Die Protease Inhibitoren Indinavir, Nelfinavir, Ritonavir und Saquinavir induzierten die Regulation der mRNA Expression über den Aryl-Kohlenwasserstoff-Rezeptor (AhR) und den Pregnan-X-Rezeptor (PXR) dosisabhängig und signifikant. Die Nukleosidischen Reverse Transkriptase Inhibitoren Zalcitabin, Zidovudin und Lamivudin sowie der Nicht-Nukleosidische Inhibitor Nevirapin zeigten induktive Eigenschaften nur für die AhR Zielgene CYP1A1 und CYP1B1. Amprenavir und Efavirenz aktivierten die PXR-Regulation. Die möglichen Auswirkungen der Induktion der untersuchten Gene wurden ausführlich diskutiert. Die molekularen Grundlagen der interindividuell variierenden Aktivität von CYP3A wurden in einer Probandenstudie untersucht. Es wurden die mRNA Expression in den Leukozyten, die Aktivität des Enzyms und einige bekannte Polymorphismen unter Einwirkung von Rifampicin untersucht und diskutiert. / The therapy of HIV infection requires a combination of several antiretroviral substances accompanying risk factors for drug-drug interactions. Moreover, virus resistance can be promoted by enzyme induction caused by antiretroviral drugs. The aim of the study was to investigate the influences of antiretroviral substances on the expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes: 1A1, 1B1, 3A4 and p-glycoprotein (MDR1) using immortalized cell systems. The protease inhibitors indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir and saquinavir induced significantly the regulation of mRNA expression through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the pregnane-x-receptor (PXR) in a concentration-dependent manner. The nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors zalcitabine, zidovudine and lamivudine and the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine showed inductive properties only for the AhR target genes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1.Amprenavir and efavirenz activated the PXR target genes. Potentially effects of the described induction are discussed. In a second part of the work, the molecular mechanisms of the individual varying activity of the CYP3A enzyme were investigated applying an in vivo study. CYP3A4 mRNA expression and rifampicin mediated induction in leucocytes were correlated with systemic enzyme activity under induction and known polymorphisms. Cytochrom P450 MDR1 HIV CYP1A1 CYP1B1 CYP3A4 P-Glykoprotein Antiretrovirale Therapie HEPG2 COLO-320 HELA Alprazolam Protease Inhibitoren RT-PCR cytochrome P450 MDR1 HIV CYP1A1 CYP1B1 CYP3A4 P-Glycoprotein antiretroviral therapy HEPG2 COLO-320 HELA alprazolam protease inhibitors RT-PCR 570 Biologie 32 Biologie VS 8750 WG 4050 XD 8000 ddc:570
515	Effet des antirétroviraux sur la pathogénèse du VIH : une étude par modélisation mathématique intégrant la cinétique du virus, de l’immunité, du médicament, et le comportement d’adhésion avec leurs variabilités interindividuelles Sanche, Steven 08 1900 (has links) No description available. adhésion aux traitements cellules latentes contrôle post-traitement distribution des médicaments échecs virologiques efficacité des traitements extrapolation in vitro à in vivo modélisation mathématique persistance du VIH pharmacologie quantitative des systèmes rebonds virologiques résistance aux traitements variabilité interindividuelle VIH drug adherence drug distribution drug efficacy drug individualization drug resistance HIV HIV persistence in vitro to in vivo extrapolation interindividual variability latent cells mathematical modeling post-treatment control quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) viral rebound virologic failure
516	The Social Impact of HIV-Seropositivity and Antiretroviral Treatment on Women in Tanga, Tanzania. A Qualitative Study. Bohle, Leah F. 13 November 2017 (has links) No description available. 610 HIV-seropositiv Wahrnehmung HIV-positiv Einfluss Konzeptualisierung Diagnose seropositiv sozialer Einfluss Enthüllung Offenlegung hoch aktive antiretrovirale Therapie antiretrovirale Behandlung Adhärenz Compliance Gründe Strategien Frauen Diskriminierung Stigmatisierung Land niedrigen Einkommens Afrika Ostafrika Tansania HIV AIDS HIV-seropositivity HIV-seropositive perception impact conceptualization diagnosis seropositive positive social impact disclosure self-disclosure HAART highly active antiretroviral treatment ART antiretroviral treatment antiretroviral therapy adherence compliance reasons strategies women discrimination stigmatization LIC low-income country Africa East Africa Tanzania Tanga Sexualmedizin (PPN619876166) Medizinethnologie Tropenmedizin HIV-positiv

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