Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera vilka motiveringar de olika aktörerna anförde för införandet av en ny arkivredovisning, samt att undersöka vilka målsättningar man satte upp. Syftet är vidare att genom en analys av den nya arkivredovisningens nyckelbegrepp undersöka dels hur stort handlingsutrymme de så kallade försöksmyndigheterna hade att skapa sina egna modeller för arkivredovisning, dels hur entydigt begreppen användes. I uppsatsen analyseras följande frågeställningar: * Hur motiverades behovet av en ny arkivredovisning av RA och försöksmyndigheterna? Vilka mål skulle uppnås genom förändringen? * Hur stort handlingsutrymme hade försöksmyndigheterna att skapa sina egna modeller för arkivredovisning? * Vilka nyckelbegrepp ingår i den nya arkivredovisningen och hur entydigt har de använts under den nya arkivredovisningens utveckling? När det gäller frågan om motiveringarna till och målsättningarna för den nya arkivredovisningen har materialet disponerats efter de två kronologiska faser som urskiljts i genomförandet av den nya arkivredovisningen; förberedelsefasen och genomförandefasen. Analysen visar att skälet till att Riksarkivet i mitten av 1990-talet drog slutsatsen att det fanns behov av en ny arkivredovisningsmodell har att göra med de brister i den tidigare modellen som upptäcktes genom det s.k. SATS-projektet. Projektet visade att myndigheterna misskötte arkivredovisningen. Skälet angavs vara att arkivredovisningen inte fyllde någon funktion och att den dåvarande modellen, som byggde på allmänna arkivschemat, inte ansågs fungera i en alltmer IT-präglad verksamhet. Motiveringarna rör sig även på en mer generell nivå, där samhällsförändringar som EU-inträdet anförs som motiveringar för att en ny arkivredovisningsmodell behövs. I uppsatsen väcks frågan om Riksarkivets förklaringar till att bristerna i arkivredovisningen framstår som övertygande, och alternativa tolkningar omnämns. Riksarkivets uttalade målsättningar med den nya arkivredovisningen framstår som generellt hållna, och går inte alltid att koppla ihop med motiveringarna. Ett av målen kan ändå sägas ha varit att arkivredovisningen skulle integreras med verksamhetsstöden i vid mening. Dessutom avsågs den nya modellen utgöra en förenkling jämfört med tidigare modell. I uppsatsen diskuteras huruvida dessa målsättningar kan sägas ha nåtts, och det noteras att Riksarkivet inte förefaller ha tagit initiativ till någon utvärdering av försöksmyndigheternas verksamhet. I uppsatsen analyseras även det handlingsutrymme försöksmyndigheterna kan anses ha haft att skapa sina egna arkivredovisningsmodeller, och det noteras att handlingsutrymmer kan sägas ha minskat med tiden. Det finns tecken på att Riksarkivet försökte skapa en något enhetligare begreppsapparat i samband med att försöksmyndigheternas dispensansökningar skulle omsättas i myndighetsspecifika föreskrifter, men detta intryck är inte entydigt. Sammantaget pekar undersökningsresultaten snarare mot att den nya arkivredovisningen innehåller ett avsevärt mått av begreppsförvirring, som inte minskar genom RA-FS 2008:4 eller den regelkommentar som följde på författningen.

Det är uppmuntrande att höra respondenterna, från olika offentliga myndigheter, uttrycka sig om arbetet med eArkiv. Det går att lägga märke till att deras arbete inte handlar om att hålla reda på dammiga papper och arkivkartonger utan att det istället handlar om att bevara det digitala minnet i första hand. De visar en genuin känsla av att vilja utveckla sitt åtagande på bästa möjliga sätt och ge ett viktigt bidrag till verksamheten. Resultatet av den undersökning som gjorts visar några viktiga åtgärder som vidtagits och insikter som arbetet gett. De beskriver i sina uttalanden hur komplext arbetet med att skapa ett system för att ta emot digital data är. När det gäller standarder så har OAIS-modellen fått en mycket stark ställning hos dem som blivit intervjuade. Hur arbetet med att redovisa arkiven enligt verksamhetens processer har fungerat berörs också. Däremot var det inte så många andra standarder som hade fått någon särskild uppmärksamhet förutom de formatstandarder som Riksarkivet utfärdat. Med dessa data som grund har det skapats en teori omkring arbetet med att införa ett eArkiv.

The aim of this investigation is to show the evolution of public discussions about archival classification in a Swedish context. The study covers the whole period from the introduction of the traditional Swedish classification system, det allmänna arkivschemat (AA), in 1903 until this day, when verksamhetsbaserad arkivredovisning (VBA) has replaced it as the standard model, starting in 2009. For this purpose, primarily journals and education books through the years have been used. Argumentation analysis is used as a method. The study is framed with theories about paradigm shifts by Terry Cook and theories of archival classification attitudes by Geoffrey Yeo among others. Results show that in the first directed wave of criticism against AA, the focus was mainly on its structural inconsistency. The criticism later developed to be more and more about that the classification scheme was outdated, hard to understand and clearly made for a reality of paper-based and not digital archives. AA was also accused of not reflecting the reality of business archives. This meant that when VBA was introduced, the model was heavily influenced by process models used in business life. The fact that VBA still is not so widely adopted as planned could be a proof that the new model is not much easier to understand. No views demanding that AA should be restored are however found in the sources. But the discussion will of course be a never ending story, and continue as long there are archives. This is a two years master ́s thesis in Archival Science.

In 2009, the Swedish National Archive introduced a new way of maintaining and cataloguing documents within the archives, which all national governments were to implement within four years. But for the local gov- ernments it was voluntary and, moreover, they did not have the same requirements to fulfil the guidelines that the National Archives put forward. The result was completely different archival descriptions.  The aim of this investigation is to examine whether formation of a functional classification structure can be streamlined, with the goal of helping the municipalities and counties succeed in developing an efficient, concise and functioning archival description. This search is based on a systematic document analysis, in which studied and revised seven municipalities and six counties in Sweden.  Certain aspects recur in all archive descriptions that were included in the study, such as the municipalities' and counties' function for the local library organisations and promoting local culture. Differences are visible in the structure of the archival descriptions and the individual unique functions developed to suit the local government.  The differences between archive descriptions are due to three main factors: the organizational structure, the archivist’s experience and the financial conditions. All three aspects affect the work to produce a functional clas- sification in different ways.  The discussion is based on Terry Eastwood's and John Robert's archive theory regarding the archivist's re- sponsibility and the focus on keeping the original in the archive. In order to maintain the principle of provenance. This theory was used in the study in order to get an idea of whether a standardized functional classification is possible, which we concluded that it is and desirable. Mainly, because it creates an overall perspective of the archive.

The focus of the thesis is to investigate how four university archivists perceive the functionality of the new Swedish process-oriented archival description system. University archivists are at the center of the study since the organizational structure of a university is process-oriented to some degree. However universities still have activities that are more challenging to view as processes, such as research. Universities were thus identified as a suitable candidate to analyze how process-oriented archival description functions in an environment that both is and is not clearly process-oriented. The research questions posed in this study are all related to the new archival description model, and archivists own experiences and views of the system. The main questions in the study concern the functionality of the system, its durability (if there is a repeated call for modification of the model), how the archival description system works with organizations that are not process-oriented, as well as if the system can operate as a finding aid in a long term perspective. The theoretical aim of the study is based around two different and sometimes contrasting views on the nature of archival records; namely the life cycle- and continuum-model. According to the life cycle-perspective records follow a linear-path from birth to death, reaching pre-destined pit stops along the way. The continuum theorists imagine records not as linear but as multifaceted, having multiple lives and never reaching a “death”-state. In Sweden, earlier research has shown that the life cycle-model has dominated the archival scene, but the new process-oriented archival description system could open up for a continuum-related approach. This study shows that no archivist made any statements that hinted in a continuum-way of thinking, and the results rather substantiated earlier research claiming the dominance of the life cycle-model. Investigation results show that three out of four archivists don’t believe that the archival description model is suitable for universities, as the organizational structure is not process-oriented. All of the archivists are struggling with describing activities as process-based, and three out of four archivists claim that description ends upcontrived. All archivists however concur that the positive effects of the system could result in government agencies increases transparency and accountability, but only if the system works as intended. The long term durability of the description model is also put in question from three out of four archivists. All archivists additionally regard the model as sensitive to organizational changes, and all universities are preparingfor and expecting numerous future modifications. The conclusion of the study is that the process-oriented archival description system is difficult to apply to organizations that have activities with unclear processes. The results furthermore indicate that the system needs continuous effort to maintain, due to the nature of ever changing organizations. As a finding aid the model is viewed as flawed, as the classification schema will be revised several times, which will certainly demand that the user have assistance in understanding the schema. All archivists claim that the archival function (and not the classification schema) of the university will be the main search tool for all users in the future.

The aim of this thesis is to examine the records management in an enterprise in the private sector. The thesis dis-cuss the process construction within the core business and how the employee interpreters its construction. Also the goals in the processes are discussed by their Quality Management System and what the employees sees as their goals in the processes. To understand how people manage their records the information culture is studied in different variations, for example in observations and in records management systems.The case study which has been examined is a multinational enterprise in the medical technology industry. The industry is characterized by regulations, such as Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and International Organi-zation of Standardization (ISO). To put the findings in the thesis in a perspective the Swedish process oriented archival description is used as a counterpoint, to highlight similarities and contradictions with the aim of develop-ing the different perspective in both private and public sector from an archival science point of view. The position-ing is organization theory with the aim of process orientation and different ways to perform a process description. As a method to understand the organization and how the core business is assembled, a process description was created based on both the enterprise's Quality Management System and the interviews performed. To overview the general records management in the enterprise, the employees were asked to perform a survey about their hab-its and point of views about records management.The result of the analysis shows that the enterprise's Quality Management System mainly describes their pro-cesses in a way to achieve quality, requirements and efficiency. And not in a way that helps the employee to pre-form records management in a sustainable and long-term way. A long-term storage is in this case study about 10 years after the product has been out of production and in some few cases more. The thesis has shown that in many cases, only adequate solutions occur in records management in the enterprise, and this attitude is part of the in-formation culture. Adequate solutions means that the enterprise still fulfills the regulations that FDA and ISO require. But the records management that's part of their daily work routines can improve to prevent human errors and to ensure the quality of long-term storage. This is a two years master's thesis in Archive studies.

Uppsatsen är en kritisk diskursanalys av Riksarkivets kommunikation kring verksamhetsbaserad arkivredovisning utifrån informationen på riksarkivets hemsida, och med ett särskilt fokus på förekomsten av spår av New Public Management. Huvudmaterialet består av Riksarkivets FAQ, och som sidomaterial används även Riksarkivets allmänna föreskrifter. Utifrån analytiska begrepp som transitivitet, modalitet, intertextualitet med flera analyseras materialet för att komma fram till slutsatsen att Riksarkivets kommunikation inte innehåller några problematiska mängder spår av New Public Management, och uppsatsen skriver in sig i arkiv- och informationsvetenskapen genom att anknyta till det första steget som tas vid införande av verksamhetsbaserad arkivredovisning.

In this essay I seek to examine how the Principle of Provenance can be discerned in the new activity-based wayof establishing an archival description. In which terms do authors of reports and works about archival descriptionspeak about provenance. Do they at all?In order to do so I have studied the history of the Principle of Provenance and what is to be its future – theregulation from the Swedish National Archives, RA-FS 2008:4. I have also read the referrel that was sent out toSwedish authorities, universities and other archival institutions. This to see how the referrel and the new ways ofarchival description was recieved, and also what was to be changed. To get a more extensive grip on the matter itwas necessary to read up on international standards on archival description, such as ISAD(G) and ISAAR(CPF),and standards for records management. How do they fit in to the activity-based archival description?

This thesis at the Institute for Language and Folklore has as its purpose to lay a foundation for a continuinginventory work. The tasks I have performed during my time there was to create an archival description, anintroduction to the material and a process map showing the process of incoming delivery of documents. The aimwas never to finish the list of work, but to structure the material to get an insight into the material and to theproblems that existed within. The documents are of a very unique nature and require that the archivist is familiarwith and have knowledge of sign language. One of the problems I encountered was how fragmented the materialwas. The documents are divided between Stockholm and Uppsala, which means that provenance becomesparticularly significant for this material. By revoking parts of the material from the National Archives in Stockholm,the institute is trying to reduce the distribution part of the process. But this is a problem that affects all documentsand will therefore affect the entire inventory process. The Institute's goal is to digitizing documents and make itmore accessible for researchers.

Detta forskningsarbete lyfter den problematik somdebatterats kring proveniensprincipen och den ombildningdenna princip har mött sedan digitaliserings ankomst.Studiens avsikt var att påvisa vilken innebörd principen haridag i en modern informationsförvaltning och deninformationshantering som sker där. Syftet var även attundersöka hur informationsförvaltningen arbetar proaktivtmed att garantera proveniens i all sin informationshantering,samt belysa hur proveniens förstås i förhållande till valet avmetod kring informationshanteringen.Undersökningen var kvalitativ och utfördes på tiokommunarkiv i form av att varje kommuns kommunarkivariedjupintervjuades. I undersökningen har även planer kringinformationshantering en studerats. Studien konstaterar vilkaförenklingar som digitaliseringen inneburit kring att säkerställa proveniens, där automatiserad och utvecklad metadataskapat verklig proveniens som kan påvisa informationenssamband med den process och det sammanhang där den harbefunnit sig. Uppsatsen diskuterar även de bekymmer somuppstår då digitaliserad information ordnas på helt andra sättän tidigare och vilka konsekvenser detta får för hur vi skaförhålla oss till och förstå proveniens.Resultatet visar att informationsförvaltningarna kan borga föryttre proveniens vad gäller arkivmaterialet men inte helahandlingsbeståndet. Studien fastslår vidare att inreproveniens som en spegling av organisationens verksamhetmåste förstås utifrån hela handlingsbeståndet och desslogiska ordning, snarare än utifrån arkivmaterialets synliga.Undersökningen konstaterar även betydelsen av proaktivitetkring arbetet med att tydliggöra informationens processuellakontext, samt tidig metadataapplicering ochsystemutveckling som behåller metadata genom allaprocesser. Uppsatsen understryker slutligen att detta inte görsi den utsträckning som är nödvändig. / This essay describes the debate about the principle ofprovenance and its multiple forms, and the transformationsof these forms, due to the coming of electronic informations.The thesis intended to explain the definitions of the principlein a modern information management and there explore howthey operate proactively to assure provenance.The qualitative investigation was carried out at tenmunicipality final archives, where each municipalityarchivist was being interviewed. The study expounds in whatway the digitisation has simplified the methods to conductassured provenance, where automated metadata shows therelationships of the information to function and process. Theessay also debates the difficulties that appear when digitalinformation are being organized in different ways thananalogue information, and how this fact requires a newinterpretation of the principle of provenance.The researcher concludes that the investigated archives,ensure respect des fonds when it concerns the content of thearchives, but not when it comes to the whole content of theinformation management. The result of the study also showsthat the respect of original order as a reflection of theorganization, has to be understood throughout all content ofthe management and its logical order, rather than the visiblecontent that the archives embrace. Furthermore the thesisobserves the importance of proactivity, regarding theclarification of the relationships between the information andthe processes that produce and use them. This could beachieved with early application of metadata and developmentof systems that keep metadata trough all processes. Theconclusion of the essay is that this is not pursued in theextension that is required.