O suicídio é um fenômeno complexo, considerado problema de saúde pública devido às altas taxas de tentativas e consequentes óbitos. O contato inicial com o paciente que tentou o suicídio, na maioria das vezes, ocorre no pronto-socorro do hospital geral, sendo, fundamental analisar o relacionamento entre os membros da equipe de saúde e o paciente com comportamento suicida para entender como o cuidado está sendo oferecido. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender como profissionais de saúde, que atuam no pronto-socorro, vivenciam a assistência prestada ao paciente que tentou suicídio. A pesquisa teve caráter qualitativo e a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas abertas. O material obtido a partir dos depoimentos foi avaliado por meio da técnica da análise temática. As respostas dadas pelos colaboradores foram agrupadas em temas comuns: conceituação do suicídio; importância do atendimento multiprofissional; diferenças entre o SUS e o sistema privado; as distintas posturas dos profissionais de saúde; relação família-paciente; medicamentos como forma de cuidado e tentativa de suicídio; sofrimento psíquico entre os profissionais. A presente investigação apontou que a assistência ao paciente que tentou o suicídio no pronto-socorro é inadequada, marcada pela falta de preparo e fragmentação do cuidado. Evita-se o contato com o sofrimento intenso relacionado com o ato suicida e o cuidado a esse paciente é redirecionado aos profissionais da saúde mental. Os fatores que influenciam na assistência precisam ser reconhecidos e reformulados para que haja melhoria na qualidade dos atendimentos possibilitando um cuidado integral à pessoa com ideação e tentativa de suicídio / Suicide is a complex phenomenon, considered a public health problem given high resultant mortality rates. In the majority of cases, initial contact with patients who attempted suicide occurs in the emergency room of a general hospital. As a result, analyzing the relationship between members of the healthcare team and the patient with suicidal behavior is paramount to understanding how care is being provided. The objective of this study was to understand health care professionals experiences in treating attempted suicide patients while working in the E.R. The study was qualitative in nature and data were collected via open interviews. The data obtained from the depositions were analyzed using thematic analysis. The responses given by the interviewees were grouped into topics: the concept of suicide; the importance of multidisciplinary care; differences between the public and private health systems; the different postures of health care professionals; the patient-family relationship; medication as both a form of treatment and a manner for attempted suicide; and psychic suffering among health care professionals. The present study found that care for patients provided in the E.R. after attempting suicide is inadequate, defined by a lack of preparation on part of the health care professionals and fragmented care. Health care professionals avoid contact with the intense suffering related with the act of suicide and these patients are redirected to mental health professionals. The diverse factors that influence care should be recognized and reconsidered so that the quality of care is improved, which would provide for holistic care of the patient with suicidal thoughts or attempted suicide

A tentativa de suicídio é uma causa muito freqüente de atendimento em urgências psiquiátricas. O presente estudo relacionou o fenômeno do suicídio com a adolescência, que é um período de conflitos e de grande vulnerabilidade. Teve como objetivo traçar um perfil epidemiológico descritivo de adolescentes, admitidos em uma unidade de emergência psiquiátrica, diagnosticados como Tentativa de Suicídio. Para isso, foram examinados todos os atendimentos de adolescentes na faixa etária entre 10 e 19 anos, admitidos na Unidade de Emergência do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, com o diagnóstico referido, no ano de 2002, obtidos através do Serviço de Arquivo Médico deste Hospital. Os dados foram analisados de forma quantitativa-descritiva. Os resultados mostraram que (77,8%) dos casos de tentativa de suicídio pertencem ao sexo feminino, a maioria está na faixa etária entre 15 e 19 anos com predominância do estado civil solteiro, a cor branca e estudantes, com residência em bairros de baixo nível sócio-econômico. O método mais utilizado foi a ingestão de drogas (medicamentos) e as maiores freqüências foram encontradas nos meses de fevereiro e agosto. A segunda-feira foi o dia da semana preferido e o maior número de atendimentos foi constatado no horário entre as 18 e 24 horas. Esses resultados são semelhantes aos descritos na literatura e sugerem maior atenção a esse problema de saúde pública. / Suicide attempts are a very frequent cause of psychiatric urgency assistance. This study established a relation between the suicide phenomenon and adolescence, which is a period characterized by conflicts and great vulnerability. We aimed to outline a descriptive epidemiological profile of adolescents admitted at a psychiatric emergency unit who were diagnosed as Suicide Attempt. Thus, we examined the assistance given to adolescents between 10 and 19 years, who were admitted at the Emergency Unit of the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto Medical School Hospital das Clínicas, Brazil, with the above mentioned diagnosis, in 2002. This information was obtained through the Medical Record Service of this Hospital. Data were analyzed quantitatively and descriptively. Results demonstrated that (77,8%) of suicide attempt cases refer to women, most of which are between 15 and 19 years old, predominantly single, white and students, while live in low class neighborhoods. The most frequently used method was drugs (medication) intake and the highest frequency rates were found in February and August. Monday was the most preferred day of the week and most assistance was delivered between 18 and 24 hours. These results are similar to what is found in literature and suggest that greater attention should be given to this public health problem.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-02-23T18:38:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Castelo Branco Herênio.pdf: 578480 bytes, checksum: 6948b5c1fb497cf043352d677461cbc9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-23T18:38:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Castelo Branco Herênio.pdf: 578480 bytes, checksum: 6948b5c1fb497cf043352d677461cbc9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-03 / Suicide is a phenomenon present in all stages of life, however, the World Health Organization points to a significant increase in suicide rates among teenagers. Adolescence can be understood as a cultural phenomenon that marks the transition of roles and responsibilities from childhood to adulthood. The literature reports that the typical events of adolescence may contribute to the occurrence of suicide at this time of life. The purpose of this dissertation is to describe aspects related to suicide rates, and identify the incidence of ideations and suicide attempts among adolescents living in the city of Goiânia. For this purpose, three chapters will be presented organized in article format. The first chapter deals with a systematic review of the literature on suicide in adolescence. In this study, we analyzed 9 articles, 2 theses and 2 dissertations. It could be observed that the list of factors associated with suicide is extensive. The second chapter aims to describe the suicide rates of teenagers living in Goiânia from 2003 to 2013, and to investigate associated factors. For this purpose, the data of 10 to 19 yearold subjects provided by the Mortality Information System were analyzed - SIM, part of Ministry of Health responsible for the provision of information on mortality in Brazil. The results indicate a higher incidence of suicide among adolescents between 15-19 years old. However, it emphasizes a trend of increasing suicide among adolescent males between 10-14 years old. The third chapter aims to carry out an assessment of the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempted suicide among teenagers in the city of Goiania in 2013. Also in this chapter, we evaluate the relationship between ideation and attempted suicide with self-reported problems behaviors through the Youth Self Report - YSR. The results indicate an association between ideation and suicide attempt with all behavioral problems. We also found that attempted suicide rates are higher than the rates of suicidal ideation among adolescents in this county. It is emphasized the importance of studies that understand the variables involved in suicidal behavior of adolescents, since it is the first step for the implementation of contention measures for this phenomenon. / O suicídio é um fenômeno presente em todas as etapas da vida, entretanto, a Organização Mundial de Saúde chama a atenção para um aumento significativo nas taxas de suicídio entre os adolescentes. A adolescência pode ser compreendida como um fenômeno cultural que marca a troca de papéis e responsabilidades da infância para os papéis e responsabilidades típicos da vida adulta. A literatura relata que os acontecimentos típicos da adolescência podem contribuir para a ocorrência do suicídio neste momento da vida. A proposta desta dissertação é descrever aspectos relacionados às taxas de suicídio, bem como identificar a incidência de ideações e tentativas de suicídio entre adolescentes residentes na cidade de Goiânia. Para tanto, serão apresentados três capítulos organizados no formato de artigo. O primeiro capítulo trata de uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o suicídio na adolescência. Neste estudo, foram analisados 9 artigos, 2 teses e 2 dissertações. Foi possível observar que é vasta a lista de fatores associados ao suicídio. O segundo capítulo tem por objetivo descrever as taxas de suicídio de adolescentes residentes na cidade de Goiânia durante o período de 2003 a 2013, bem como investigar características associadas. Para tanto, foram analisados os dados sobre suicídio de sujeitos de 10 a 19 anos disponibilizados pela Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade - SIM, órgão do Ministério da Saúde responsável pela disponibilização das informações sobre mortalidade no Brasil. Os resultados indicam uma maior incidência do suicídio entre os adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos. Entretanto, ressalta-se uma tendência de aumento do suicídio entre adolescentes do sexo masculino de 10 a 14 anos. O terceiro capítulo tem por objetivo realizar uma avaliação da prevalência de ideação e tentativa de suicídio entre os adolescentes da cidade de Goiânia no ano de 2013. Ainda neste capítulo, avalia-se a relação entre ideação e tentativa de suicídio com o autorrelato de problemas de comportamentos por meio do Youth Self Report - YSR. Os resultados indicam uma associação entre ideação e tentativa de suicídio com todos os problemas de comportamento. Encontraram-se também taxas de tentativa de suicídio superiores às taxas de ideação suicida entre adolescentes deste município. Ressalta-se a importância de estudos que compreendam as variáveis envolvidas no comportamento suicida de adolescentes, uma vez que este é o primeiro passo para que medidas de contenção deste fenômeno sejam implementadas.

La prévention du suicide en prison a fait l’objet d’études et expertises nationales et internationales permettant d’obtenir des informations épidémiologiques, de rechercher des profils à risque et de proposer des mesures pour les programmes de prévention. Elle manque notamment de travaux sur la clinique du suicide en prison, sur l’évaluation des mesures de prévention. Notre étude s’appuie sur une approche évaluative des mesures de prévention du suicide dans une maison d’arrêt. Nous avons proposé un entretien à des personnes incarcérées depuis 1 mois. Elles ont évalué l’utilité des 12 mesures de prévention avec une échelle de Likert en 5 points, émis des commentaires libres et indiqués au préalable si elles connaissaient le dispositif de prévention et y avaient eu recours. De plus, ont été complétés : le degré d’urgence suicidaire à J0, J7 et J28 et les facteurs l’ayant influencé, l’inventaire des raisons de vivre de Linehan (IRVL), le Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Vingt des 53 participants ont été suicidaires au cours du 1er mois ; seuls 15 ont déclaré connaître l’existence d’un dispositif de prévention. Huit mesures étaient perçues comme significativement utiles. Quatre ont obtenu un résultat ambivalent : limitation des points d’attache, doublement en cellule, surveillance spéciale et cellule de protection d’urgence. La recherche de corrélations a retrouvé différents liens selon les mesures avec l’état suicidaire, le recours au dispositif, l’IRVL, les troubles psychiatriques dépistés. Nous discutons comment les outils psychologiques peuvent être utiles pour l’évolution de chacune des mesures de prévention, pour l’adaptation du programme de prévention dans son ensemble, notamment en intégrant une participation des personnes incarcérées. De plus, préserver des espaces de parole dans l’application des mesures est apparu de manière interstitielle comme une attente essentielle des participants. Des propositions de mesures ont été formulées par ces derniers et offrent des perspectives pour l’avenir. / National and international studies and reports about preventing suicide in jail have been published, giving information about epidemiology, suicide risk profiles. They also provide prevention measures. More researches are required to improve knowledge of clinical aspects of suicidal behaviors in prison and to evaluate prevention programs. The study consisted in an assessment of 12 measures of a local preventing suicide program. We asked prisoners who had been jailed since one month for an interview. First they had to tell if they knew about the existence of a prevention program. Second, they evaluated the usefulness of each measure in (5 points - Likert scale). They freely explained their choices. We asked them about suicidal ideation’s presence since they had arrived in jail, their urgency degree at D0, D8 and D28, and the factors that contributed to these states. They filled the Reasons for Living Inventory of Linehan (RLIL) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Twenty of the 53 participants have had suicidal thoughts during the first month ; only 15 told they knew there was a suicide prevention program. Eight measures were noted as significantly useful. Four of them obtained a middle score : limitation of hanging points, cell doubling, special monitoring, special protection cell. The search for correlations have found different combinations of links between some measures, the suicidal states, use of the program, the RLIL and psychiatric disorders. We discuss about how psychological tools can be helpful to the evolution of each measure, to the adaptation of the global prevention program. Notably, the prisoners’ participation is in particular proposed. Moreover, preserving speaking time with freedom of expression in the application of the program was expected by the participants. At last, they proposed innovative methods that could serve as a lead for followup works.

Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-03-07T16:56:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) PDF - Thassiany Sarmento Oliveira de Almeida.pdf: 3024763 bytes, checksum: f2347e8abee571c1685fdd4ccb584607 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-06-13T20:36:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 PDF - Thassiany Sarmento Oliveira de Almeida.pdf: 3024763 bytes, checksum: f2347e8abee571c1685fdd4ccb584607 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-13T20:38:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 PDF - Thassiany Sarmento Oliveira de Almeida.pdf: 3024763 bytes, checksum: f2347e8abee571c1685fdd4ccb584607 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The poisoning are considered a public health problem due to the accurate investigation of impossibility of its magnitude and consequences not very clear and little known, discriminating as a subjective issue. Being poisoning and Scorpion stings a social nature of problem, they should be studied under a micro-regional vision, and focal spot, according to the approach of the spatial distribution. Information about the spatial and temporal distribution of these diseases allow us to understand the occurrence of events in the territory. Objective: To evaluate scorpion accidents and suicide attempts in the city of Campina Grande, between 2010 and 2013, using GIS technique and then, spatial analysis of neighborhoods from socioeconomic indicators. Methodology: it is a study of the ecological and exploratory, in which it is used spatial analysis techniques of data area. The survey was conducted at the Service Center for Poison Control Campina Grande (Ceatox-CG). Results: were notified and attended by Ceatox CG-1466 Scorpion stings. The highest incidence occurred in females (n = 908, 61.9%), aged between 13:28 years (n = 428, 29.2%), which clinically showed a lightweight frame (n = 1401 , 95.6%), and pain (n = 1393, 95.0%) the most frequent local manifestation. The south of the city in the study had the highest number of registered cases (n = 548, 37.4%), followed by the West Zone (n = 510, 34.8%). A total of 446 suicide attempts were georeferenced, indicating an incidence of 120 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The sample was predominantly female (66.4%). In terms of age, 62.3% had up to 30 years. Kernel map showed areas of hot spots. Populations within the hot spots had a risk 38% higher (RR = 1.38; p = 0.0029) to commit suicide when compared to populations living in areas outside the hot spots. Also, the spatial high risk area averaged estimate 165 suicide attempts per 100,000 inhabitants. Final thoughts: so, from the characterization of the spatial risk, the Scorpion stings and suicide attempts may be reduced in number and morbidity, through education and adoption of the population prevention measures as well as through the guidance to patients for immediate health service demand for quick realization of appropriate clinical management. / As intoxicações são consideradas um problema de saúde pública em virtude da impossibilidade de averiguação exata de sua magnitude e das consequências não muito claras e pouco conhecidas, discriminando-se como um problema subjetivo Sendo as intoxicações e os acidentes escorpiônicos um problema de cunho social, elas devem ser estudadas sob uma visão microrregional, local e focal, segundo a abordagem da distribuição espacial. Informações sobre a difusão espacial e temporal dessas doenças permitem entender a ocorrência dos eventos no território. Objetivo: avaliar os acidentes escorpiônicos e as tentativas de suicídio no município de Campina Grande, entre 2010 e 2013, usando técnica de geoprocessamento e, em seguida, análise espacial dos bairros a partir de indicadores socioeconômicos. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo do tipo ecológico e exploratório, no qual se utilizaram técnicas de análise espacial de dados de área. A pesquisa foi realizada no Centro de Assistência e Informação Toxicológica de Campina Grande (Ceatox-CG). Resultados: foram notificados e atendidos pelo Ceatox-CG 1.466 acidentes escorpiônicos. A maior incidência ocorreu em indivíduos do sexo feminino (n=908, 61,9%), na faixa etária compreendida entre 13 e 28 anos (n=428, 29,2%), que clinicamente apresentaram um quadro leve (n=1401, 95,6%), sendo a dor (n=1393, 95,0%) a manifestação local mais frequente. A Zona Sul da cidade em estudo concentrou o maior número de casos registrados (n=548, 37,4%), seguido pela Zona Oeste (n=510, 34,8%). Um total de 446 tentativas de suicídio foram georreferenciadas, apontando uma incidência de 120 casos a cada 100.000 habitantes. A amostra foi majoritariamente feminina (66,4%). Em relação à idade, 62,3% possuiam até 30 anos. O mapa de Kernel evidenciou áreas de hot spots. As populações dentro dos hot spots apresentaram um risco 38% maior (Risco Relativo= 1,38; p = 0,0029) de se suicidarem, quando comparadas a populações residentes em áreas externas aos hot spots. Além disso, a área espacial de alto risco apresentou uma estimativa média de 165 tentativas de suicídios por 100.000 habitantes. Considerações finais: assim, a partir da caracterização do risco espacial, os acidentes escorpiônicos e as tentativas de suicídio poderão ser reduzidos em número e em morbidade, através da educação e adoção de medidas de prevenção pela população, bem como por intermédio da orientação aos pacientes para a procura imediata do serviço de saúde, para a rápida efetivação do manejo clínico adequado.

The physical effects of substance use (tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana) are well known, but it is not clear whether the use of these substances can be a warning sign for psychological or emotional problems in high school students. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) is a nationwide survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention every other year which asks students questions about risk behaviors such as substance use, sexual activity, the amount of violence in their lives, and suicide attempts. We examined students who were involved in the use of substances more commonly found in high schools (tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana) to see if they were significantly more likely to attempt suicide than their peers who were not involved in this type of activity. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed on the 2013 Nationwide YRBS data (n = 13,583) to examine this effect while controlling for the following possible covariates: depression, gender, age, race, lack of sleep, and access to weapons. Results of this analysis showed a significant increase in suicide attempts among students who used tobacco and marijuana (OR = 1.987, 95%CI = 1.638, 2.411; OR = 1.273, 95%CI = 1.038, 1.561, respectively). However, the results of this analysis did not show a significant increase in suicide attempts for students that consumed alcohol. It was interesting to see that while possession and use of marijuana for a high school student is a more highly punishable crime, tobacco use is a better indicator for possible attempts at suicide. While there are many variables at play when it comes to substance use and suicide risk, these results indicate that students who are identified as users of tobacco and marijuana should be looked at more closely as they represent a population more susceptible to attempting suicide.

Suicid och suicidförsök  sätter närstående i en svår situation.  Lite forskning är bedrivet om vilka behov av stöd närstående har. Det lyfter  behovet  av  att sammanställa  publicerad  forskningen  inom området  för  att  identifiera  på  vilket  sätt  sjuksköterskan  kan underlätta  närståendes  situation.  Syftet  var  att  identifiera behovsområden  där  sjuksköterskan  kan  vara  till  stöd  för närstående  efter  suicid  och  suicidförsök.  Studien  var  en litteraturstudie  där  resultatet  baserades  på  elva  vetenskapliga artiklar  som  genomgick  noggrann  granskning  och  bearbetning. Resultatet  visade  att  suicid  och  suicidförsök  är  fysiskt  och psykiskt påfrestande för närstående och att det finns ett behov av att  tala  om  det  inträffade.  Social  stigmatisering  av  begreppen råder,  vilket  leder  till  att  närstående  är  selektiva  med  vilka  de väljer  att  prata  med  och  i  vilken  utsträckning  de  väljer  att  göra det.  För  närstående  till  suicidförsök  fanns även  ett  uttalat  behov av  avlastning,  då  flertalet  artiklar  indikerade  en  risk  för utbrändhet  och  emotionell  avtrubbning  till  följd  av  en  konstant oro för nya suicidförsök. I studien framkom det att sjuksköterskor behöver  mer  utbildning  inom  suicidområdet för  att  optimera vården av den suicidala och för att förbättra stödet till närstående. Närståendes  behov  av  stöd  är  fortfarande  relativt  outforskat  och mer forskning inom området behövs. / Suicide  and  attempted  suicides  puts  next  of  kin  in  a  difficult position. There  is  little  research  done  in  the  field  related  to  the next of kin needs of support. This clarifies the need of compiling the  research  area  in  order  to  identify  in  what  way  nurses  can support next of kin. The aim of the study was to identify the needs of  support  experienced  by  next  of  kin  to individuals  who attempted  suicide and committed  suicide and how  nurses  could provide  aid  in  these.  The  study  was  a  review  article  based  on eleven  scientific,  peer  reviewed,  research  articles.  The  review pointed  out  that  the  experience  of  dealing  with  suicide  and attempted suicides are both physical and emotionally wearing for the  next  of  kin  and  that  there  exists  a  need  to  talk  about  the experience. However, there exists a stigmatization of both suicide and  attempted  suicides  within  society  which  makes  next  of  kin very selective of whom to confide in and to what extent. Among next  of  kin  to  individuals  who  attempted  suicides  there  existed  a need  to  be  relieved,  due  to a  risk  of  impending  burnout  and emotional  numbness  related  to  the  constant  fear  of  repeated suicide  attempts.  The  study  pointed  out  that  nurses  need  more training  and  education  in  dealing  with  suicide  and  attempted suicides.  More  education  in  the  area  would  optimize  the  care  of the patient as well as improve the support to next of kin. Next of kin  need  of  support  is  still  relatively  unexplored  and  more research of the area is needed.

Inom vården kan sjuksköterskan möta patienter med suicidalt beteende, vilket kan upplevas påfrestande och väcka starka känslor hos sjuksköterskan. Det kan även finnas en rädsla och en osäkerhet hos sjuksköterskan till patienter med suicidalt beteende, detta kan leda till att sjuksköterskan nonchalerar de suicidala patienterna. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa sjuksköterskans attityd till patienter med suicidalt beteende. Litteraturstudien genomfördes genom att 5 kvalitativa och 10 kvantitativa artiklar granskades. Det framkom två kategorier, den fördömande attityden samt den tillåtande attityden. Resultatet visade att erfarenhet, ålder, utbildning, psykiatrisk konsultation och sjuksköterskans aktuella sinnesstämning hade betydelse för dennes attityd. Det framkom även att när sjuksköterskan hade en tillåtande attityd blev vårdandet mer positivt vilket fick patienterna att känna sig mer omhändertagna. När vårdandet blev negativt berodde detta på att sjuksköterskan hade en avståndstagande attityd eller fördömande attityd. Detta kan leda till att patientens återhämtning tog längre tid. Flera studier visade att de sjuksköterskor som inte hade erfarenhet av att arbeta med patienter med suicidalt beteende var mer fördömande i sin attityd, jämfört med erfarna sjuksköterskor. Vidare forskning angående skillnader på manliga sjuksköterskor och kvinnliga sjuksköterskors attityder till patienter med suicidalt beteende behövs, vilket inte framkom i denna litteraturstudie. / Health care nurse can meet patients with suicidal behavior which may seem stressful and evoke strong feelings for the nurse. There can also be a fear and uncertainty within nurses to patients with suicidal behavior that can lead to those nurses ignoring the suicidal patients. The purpose with the literature study was to illustrate the nurses’ attitude to patients with a suicidal behavior. The literature study was carried out by 5 qualitative and 10 quantitative articles, which were reviewed. It showed two categories, the judgmental attitude and the allowable attitude. The result showed that experience, age, education, psychiatric consultation and the actual mood of the nurse had significance for the attitude. It also showed that when the nurse had an allowable attitude the nursing became more positive which made the patients feel more cared for. When the nursing became negative it depended on that the nurse had a distance attitude or judgmental attitude. This could lead to that the patients recovery took a longer time. Several studies showed that the nurses who didn't have experience of working with patients with suicidal behavior had a more judgmental attitude compared to nurses with more experience. Further research of differences in male nurses’ and female nurses’ attitudes towards patients with suicidal behavior are needed, which is not showed in this study.

De senaste 20 åren har det skett en ökning av självmordsförsök i Sverige och varje år dör nästan 1 miljon människor i världen på grund av självmord. En stor andel av dessa personer har tidigare varit i kontakt med somatiska vården på grund av självmordsproblematik. Enligt Ida Jean Orlandos interaktionsteori reagerar sjuksköterskan känslomässigt i mötet med patienten och agerar utifrån denna känsla, vilket har en direkt påverkan på bemötandet. Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka sjuksköterskors bemötande av personer som försökt ta sitt liv med utgångspunkt från sjuksköterskan. Arbetet var en litteraturöversikt som grundades på 13 artiklar som granskats enligt Röda Korsets granskningsmall. De övergripande teman som utgjorde resultatet var: bemötande: positiva attityder och negativa attityder, kommunikation, miljö och känslor. De fynd som diskuterades var kopplingen mellan längden av arbetslivserfarenhet och positivt bemötande, att sjuksköterskans bemötande påverkar patienten, samt att öppen, direkt kommunikation om självmordsförsöket var viktigt. Sjuksköterskan bemötande har en betydande inverkan på interaktionen med patienten och det är viktigt att aktivt arbeta för att förbättra detta. / In Sweden there has been an increase of suicide attempts for the last 20 years and every year almost 1 million people in the world die due to suicide. Many of these people have been in contact with healthcare personnel in the past because of previous suicide attempts. According to Ida Jean Orlando's theory of interaction, nurses react emotionally in the encounter with the patient and acts on these emotions, which directly influences the interaction. The aim of this essay was to examine nurses' attitudes towards patients who have tried to commit suicide. The study conducted was a literature review based on 13 articles checked using the audit template of Röda Korset. The themes of the study were: treatment: positive attitudes and negative attitudes, communication, environment and feelings. The findings discussed were the connection between experience and a positive attitude, that the nurses´ attitudes affected the patient and that open, direct communication of the suicide attempt was important. The nurse´s attitude does affect the interaction with the patient and it is important to work on improving nurses' and health-care personnel's attitudes toward this certain group of patients.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2009. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.